Remazolam combined with transversus abdominis plane block in gastrointestinal tumor surgery:Have we achieved better anesthetic effects?

Laparoscopic surgery is the main treatment method for patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors.Although laparoscopic surgery is minimally invasive,its tool stimulation and pneumoperitoneum pressure often cause strong stress reactions in patients.On the other hand,gastrointestinal surgery can cause stronger pain in patients,compared to other surgeries.Transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)can effectively inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses caused by surgical stimulation,alleviate patient pain,and thus alleviate stress reactions.Remazolam is an acting,safe,and effective sedative,which has little effect on hemodynamics and is suitable for most patients.TAPB combined with remazolam can reduce the dosage of total anesthetic drugs,reduce adverse reactions,reduce stress reactions,and facilitate the rapid postoperative recovery of patients.

Effect of Subcostal Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block vs.Oblique Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior quadratus lumborum block(QLB)for laparoscopic radical gastrectomy surgery.Methods:Patients(aged 20-65 years,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ,and weighing 40-75 kg)scheduled for elective laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were enrolled in the current study.Sixty patients were randomly assigned to two groups by computer-generated randomization codes:an ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)group(group T,n=30)or an ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior QLB group(group Q,n=30).In both groups,bilateral ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal TAPB and subcostal anterior QLB were performed before general anesthesia with 0.25% ropivacaine 0.5 mL/kg.For postoperative management,all patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)with nalbuphine and sufentanil after surgery,maintaining visual analogue scale(VAS)scores<4 within 48 h.The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil,the requirement for sufentanil as a rescue analgesic,and the VAS scores at rest and coughing were recorded at 1,6,12,24 and 48 h after surgery.The recovery(extubation time after surgery,first ambulation time,first flatus time and length of postoperative hospital stay)and the adverse events(nausea and vomiting,skin pruritus,respiratory depression and nerve-block related complications)were observed and recorded.The primary outcome was the perioperative consumption of opioids.Results:Compared with group T,the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil,requirement for sufentanil and the frequency of PCIA were reduced in group Q.Meanwhile,VAS scores at all points of observation were significantly lower in group Q than in group T.Patients in group Q were also associated with shorter time to first out-of-bed activity and flatus,and shorter length of postoperative hospital stay than group T(P<0.05).There were no skin pruritus,respiratory depression or nerve-block related complications in both groups.Conclusion:Compared with ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal TAPB,ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior QLB provided greater opioid-sparing effect,lower visual analogue scores,and shorter postoperative hospital stay for laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.

Application of remimazolam transversus abdominis plane block in gastrointestinal tumor surgery

BACKGROUND Transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)is a block of the abdominal afferent nerve fibers between the internal oblique muscle and the transverse abdominal muscle achieved with local anesthetics.It can effectively block the conduction of the anterior nerve of the abdominal wall and exert a good analgesic effect.However,the effect of combining the block with remimazolam on anesthesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery is still unclear.AIM To examine the effects of combining TAPB with remimazolam on the stress response and postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal tumor surgery patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 102 individuals diagnosed with gastrointestinal malignancies who underwent laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia between April 2020 and June 2023.The patients were categorized into a control group(n=51),receiving remimazolam for general anesthesia,and an observation group(n=51),receiving TAPB combined with remimazolam for general anesthesia.A comparison was made between both groups in terms of hemodynamic parameters,stress markers,pain levels,recovery quality,analgesic effects,and adverse reactions during the perioperative period.RESULTS The observation group had significantly higher heart rates at time points 1 min after induction and upon leaving the operating room than the control group(P<0.05).The mean arterial pressure at time point T1 in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Five minutes after extubation,the levels of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline in the observation group were considerably lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).At 12 h,24 h,and 48 h following surgery,the visual analog scale scores of the observation group were considerably lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group had shorter awakening and extubation times and lower Riker sedation-agitation scale scores than the control group(P<0.05).The observation group exhibited considerably fewer effective pump presses,lower fentanyl dosages,and lower incidences of rescue analgesia within 24 h following surgery than the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The application effect of TAPB combined with remimazolam general anesthesia in anesthesia of patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery is good,which is helpful to promote faster recovery after operation.

Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Combined with Lornoxicam on Pain and Recovery Quality After Abdominal Surgery in Patients with Drug Addiction

Objective:This paper aims to analyze the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drug lornoxicam on abdominal surgery in patients with a history of drug addiction.Methods:32 patients aged 18-60 who underwent lower abdominal surgery in the First People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Butuo County People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected,the patients must have drug abuse history for more than 1 year,with a history of drug withdrawal and relapse.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by the envelope method,with 16 cases in the observation group and 16 cases in the control group.Two groups of patients underwent ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus abdominis plane block after the operation.The observation group was treated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 1μg/kg+0.25%ropivacaine hydrochloride 40ml,and the control group was treated with 40ml 0.9%sodium chloride injection,the two groups of patients returned to the ward after operation and given intravenous infusion of lornoxicam for relieving the pain.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score of postoperative pain,the times of rescue analgesia,the time of postoperative anal exhaust,the time of ambulation,nausea and vomiting,withdrawal symptoms,related adverse reactions,and hospitalization days were compared between the two groups.Results:The VAS score of postoperative pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,P<0.05.Patients in the observation group used less postoperative rescue analgesics than those in the control group,P<0.05.For postoperative anal exhaust time,the difference between the two groups of patients was relatively small,and the time in the observation group was shorter,P>0.05.The time to get out of bed and the length of hospital stay were not significantly different between the control group and the observation group,P>0.05.The withdrawal symptoms of the patients in the observation group were better,P<0.05,nausea and vomiting,and other adverse reactions were lower in the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block combined with lornoxicam can be used to relieve pain in abdominal surgery for patients with drug addiction,which can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of patients and reduce the number of postoperative rescue analgesia.Thus,it has high clinical application value.

The Impact of Single Low Dose IV Magnesium Sulphate Adjuvant to Ultrasound Guided Transverses Abdominis Plain Block for Control of Postcesarean Pain

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the role of preoperative low dose intravenous MgSO4 when given adjuvant to ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in augmenting postcesarean analgesic effects and reducing opioid requirements during the first 24 hours. Subjects and Methods: In this prospective, randomized double blind study, a total of sixty full term pregnant women were recruited for the study underwent caesarean section. Thirty patients were assigned to MgSO4 group (A) and another thirty to placebo group (B). Participants in group (A) received 50 mg/kg MgSO4 in 100 ml isotonic saline intravenous (IV) over 20 minutes prior to induction of general anesthesia by 30 minutes while participants in group (B) received 100 ml isotonic saline (placebo) by the same route and over the same duration as control. Results: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was analysed within 24 hours postoperatively. The mean pain score at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively was significantly lower in MgSO4 group compared to control group (40.4 ± 5.12 vs 53.6 ± 4.92;26.1 ± 3.01 vs 35.5 ± 3.98 respectively, p = 0.012, 0.005). Comparing both groups regarding the mean time interval of first rescue analgesia (morphine sulphate) requested by the patients, it was longer in MgSO4 group compared to control group. The total dose of rescue analgesia consumed during 24 hours was analysed and it was significantly higher in control group compared to MgSO4 group (10.1 ± 0.95 vs 6.2 ± 0.87, p = 0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that preoperative low doses (50 mg/Kg) of MgSO4 with general anesthesia combined with ultrasound guided TAP block offer longer postoperative pain free periods thus reducing total opioid consumption. In addition to the safety of the drug to the mother and fetus so we recommend IV MgSO4 as an adjuvant therapy with TAP block.

Anesthesia management in a pediatric patient with Becker muscular dystrophy undergoing laparoscopic surgery:A case report

BACKGROUND Patients with Becker muscular dystrophy(BMD)have a high risk of developing hyperkalemia,rhabdomyolysis,and malignant hyperthermia when exposed to volatile anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants.Patients with BMD are also prone to respiratory depression after general anesthesia.Thus,it is extremely challenging for anesthesiologists to manage anesthesia in BMD patients,particularly in pediatric BMD patients.Here,we present successful anesthesia management using transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)combined with total intravenous anesthesia(TIVA)in a pediatric BMD patient undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.CASE SUMMARY A 2-year-old boy,weighing 15 kg,with BMD,was scheduled for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.TIVA was used for induction,and continuous infusions of short-acting intravenous anesthetics combined with TAPB were performed for anesthesia maintenance.Moreover,TAPB provided good postoperative analgesia.The patient underwent uneventful surgery and anesthesia,and over the 17 mo follow-up period showed no anesthesia-induced complications.CONCLUSION TAPB combined with TIVA,using short-acting intravenous anesthetic agents,can provide safe and effective anesthesia management in pediatric BMD patients undergoing short-term abdominal surgery.

Postoperative Analgesia and Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: Multicenter Study

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is the reference technique in cesarean section anesthesia for the management of postoperative analgesia. If there is a contraindication to this, general anesthesia is required. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of 4 analgesic techniques performed during cesarean section under general anesthesia in two centers with different anesthetic practices (North Franche Comté Hospital and Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital). Method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. It involved evaluating the analgesic effectiveness and tolerance of morphine in the epidural catheter, wound infiltration, intravenous analgesia and Transversus Abdominous Plane block (TAP block) from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) until the 4th post-operative day. Results: Of the 354 cesarean sections performed, 84 (11.14%) received general anesthesia. The average age was 32.27 years. Acute fetal distress was the first indication for cesarean section (45.2%), followed by hemorrhagic placenta previa (10.7%) and prolapse of the cord (8.33%). Morphine in the epidural catheter was the most used (47.6%) followed by parietal infiltration (36.9%), intravenous analgesia (13.1%) and TAP block (2.38%). The analgesic effectiveness was comparable between the techniques from postoperative day 0 to day 4. No difference in side effects. Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the infiltration (9 mg) and TAP block (9mg) groups compared to the epidural catheter (16 mg) and intravenous analgesia (17 mg). No difference in 02 rehabilitation criteria (ambulation, first bowel movement). No difference in the occurrence of chronic pain. Conclusion: In the event of a cesarean section under general anesthesia, there are effective and well-tolerated alternatives to neuraxial anesthesia, particularly regional anesthesia techniques (nerve blocks), particularly in countries with low availability of morphine.

超声引导下IINB联合TAPB在老年腹股沟疝修补术中的临床应用

目的探讨超声引导下髂腹下-髂腹股沟神经阻滞(IINB)联合腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)在老年腹股沟疝修补术中的临床价值。方法选择2019年6月至2022年3月在英德市人民医院行择期单侧腹股沟斜疝无张力修补术的老年患者70例进行随机对照试验,其中男63例,女7例,年龄(77.61±9.85)岁。随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各35例。观察组采用超声引导下IINB联合TAPB进行麻醉,对照组采用传统腰硬联合阻滞麻醉。比较两组患者术毕即刻与术后6 h、12 h、24 h的视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分,观察并比较两组入室时(T0)、麻醉完成5 min(T1)、切皮后(T2)、术后6 h(T3)、术后12 h(T4)5个时点的心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP),并比较两组患者的麻醉效果、麻醉满意度和安全性。采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、Fisher确切概率法进行组间比较。结果观察组在术后6 h、12 h、24 h的VAS评分均显著低于对照组[(1.15±0.12)分比(2.26±0.21)分,(1.56±0.14)分比(4.26±0.42)分,(2.01±0.19)分比(4.47±0.41)分,均P<0.05],观察组与对照组在T1、T2两个时间点的MAP[(83.26±8.11)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)比(62.06±6.39)mmHg,(84.22±8.31)mmHg比(60.29±6.03)mmHg]和HR[(68.92±6.32)次/min比(81.26±8.33)次/min,(65.29±6.26)次/min比(78.64±7.62)次/min]比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组麻醉总有效率为88.57%(31/35),对照组为85.71%(30/35),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者麻醉满意度得分为(2.96±0.26)分,明显高于对照组的(2.18±0.22)分(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后均未出现尿潴留、恶心呕吐和心动过缓等不良反应,对照组出现尿潴留4例,发生率为11.43%,对照组不良反应发生率高于观察组(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下IINB联合TAPB用于老年腹股沟疝修补术术中血流动力学更稳定,术后镇痛效果好且安全性高,值得临床推广。

“S-Nerve型”超声引导下行腹横肌平面阻滞的临床研究

目的:探讨"S-Nerve型"超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)在老年患者中的临床应用。方法:选取40例腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的老年患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,各20例。对照组进行全凭静脉麻醉,观察组全麻诱导后在"S-Nerve型"超声引导下双侧TAPB,每侧给予0.5μg/kg右美托咪定2 m L复合0.2%罗哌卡因1 mg/kg的混合液。比较两组患者术前(T0)、切皮(T1)、手术30 min(T2)、气管拔管即刻(T3)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、皮质醇(Cor),术中麻醉药用量,术后2、6、12、24 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),术前1 d、术后1 d、术后3 d的简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分及术后认知功能障碍发生率。结果:观察组超声引导下一次穿刺成功率为100%。T1、T2、T3时点,观察组MAP、HR、Cor均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2、6、12 h,观察组VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1 d,观察组MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),认知功能障碍发生率为15%,显著低于对照组的45%(P<0.05)。结论:对于老年腹腔镜手术患者,实施"S-Nerve型"超声引导下TAPB,具有可视化、定位准确的优势,减少盲穿的损伤风险,而且相比单纯全麻,全麻中联合应用超声引导下TAPB,有利于降低手术应激反应,减少术中麻醉药用量,减轻术后疼痛,改善术后认知功能。

IINB联合TAPB在剖宫产术后镇痛中的效果

目的:观察双侧髂腹下–髂腹股沟神经阻滞(IINB)联合经双侧腹横筋膜平面阻滞(TAPB)在剖宫产术后镇痛中的效果。方法:选取廉江市人民医院2019年10月至2020年10月期间收治的89例剖宫产产妇,随机分为A组与B组,其中单纯采用经双侧TAPB的产妇纳入A组(44例),将采用双侧IINB联合经双侧TAPB的产妇纳入B组(45例),比较两组产妇的镇痛效果、术后恢复状况以及不良反应发生情况。结果:术后1 h两组产妇的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6、12、24 h B组的VAS评分均低于A组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组产妇术后首次下地、排气时间均短于A组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组产妇术后不良反应发生率为4.44%,与A组的9.09%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与单纯TAPB相比,TAPB联合IINB更有助于剖宫产产妇减轻术后疼痛,促进术后恢复,且不会增加不良反应的发生风险。

全身麻醉下胸横肌平面-胸神经阻滞在乳腺癌手术患者中的价值

目的:评价胸横肌平面-胸神经(transversus thoracic muscle plane-pectoral nerves,TTP-PECS)阻滞用于减阿片类药物全麻下乳腺癌改良根治术中的安全性与可行性。方法:选择择期行乳腺癌改良根治术的患者60例,随机分为TTP-PECS阻滞联合减阿片药物全麻组(TO组)和常规全身麻醉组(GA组),每组30例。观察并记录两组患者各时点收缩压、舒张压、心率;麻醉诱导前(T0)、插管前即刻(T1)、切皮时(T2)、切除乳腺标本时(T3)、手术结束时(T4)各时点安静及运动状态下的疼痛视觉模拟评分量表(visual analogue scale,VAS);术后24 h 40项恢复质量评分量表(quality of recovery-40,QoR-40)评分;围术期不良反应的发生率。结果:与T0比较,两组患者T1~T4时点收缩压、舒张压、心率均显著降低(P <0.05),但两组之间各时点收缩压、舒张压、心率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);TO组术后2 h、6 h、12 h安静及运动状态下VAS评分均显著低于GA组(P <0.05);TO组术后24 h QoR-40量表总评分及情绪状态、身体舒适度、心理支持、疼痛各项评分均显著高于GA组(P <0.05);TO组患者诱导期咳嗽反射及术后恶心呕吐的发生率显著低于GA组(P <0.05)。结论:TTP-PECS阻滞联合羟考酮-丙泊酚减阿片药物全身麻醉可安全用于乳腺癌改良根治术中,术后镇痛效果确切,降低术后恶心呕吐发生率,并能提高患者早期恢复质量。

罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后应激激素及认知功能的影响

目的探讨罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后应激激素及认知功能的影响。方法选择2023年4至10月于新乡医学院第一附属医院行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的80例患者为研究对象,根据麻醉方法不同将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。观察组患者注射2.5 g·L^(-1)罗哌卡因与右美托咪定(0.5μg·kg^(-1))混合液行双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,每侧注射20 mL;对照组患者注射2.5 g·L^(-1)罗哌卡因行双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,每侧注射20 mL。记录患者入手术室(T_(1))、气管插管后即刻(T_(2))、气腹后40 min(T_(3))、气管拔管后15 min(T_(4))的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)。于术后1、6、12、24 h,应用放射性免疫沉淀法检测血清中皮质醇(COR)水平,酶联免疫吸附试验法检测血清中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)水平,视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者静息状态下疼痛程度,Ramsay评分(RSS)评估患者的镇静深度。比较2组患者丙泊酚及舒芬太尼的用量。于术前1 d、术后1 d、术后3 d,应用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测2组患者血清中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)及S100β蛋白水平,使用简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评估患者的认知功能。结果T_(1)、T_(2)时,对照组与观察组患者的MAP和HR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);T_(3)、T_(4)时,观察组患者的MAP和HR显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1、6、12 h,观察组患者的VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h,对照组与观察组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、6 h,观察组患者的Ramsay评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);术后12、24 h,对照组与观察组患者的Ramsay评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、6、12 h,观察组患者血清中COR、NE和E水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h,对照组与观察组患者血清中COR、NE和E水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者的丙泊酚及舒芬太尼的用量显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。术前1 d,对照组与观察组患者的MMSE评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1、3 d,观察组患者的MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前1 d,对照组与观察组患者血清中Aβ和S100β蛋白水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3 d,观察组患者血清中Aβ和S100β蛋白水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞在胃癌根治术中可显著降低术后疼痛,增加镇静效果,延长腹横肌神经阻滞时间,且有利于患者术后苏醒,减轻认知功能的受损程度。

罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞在中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中的应用效果

目的探究罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后疼痛和应激反应的影响。方法选择新乡医学院第一附属医院择期接受腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者90例,根据腹横肌阻滞用药将患者分为A组、B组和C组,每组30例,A组接受罗哌卡因与右美托咪定双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,B组接受罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,C组不接受腹横肌平面阻滞。记录各组患者入室稳定状态(T_(0))、气管插管即刻(T_(1))、气腹后30 min时(T_(2))、气管拔管10 min后(T_(3))时的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)。监测术后的血清皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)水平及静息视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Ramsay评分。记录术后镇痛泵按压次数、拔管时间、麻醉后护理单元(PACU)停留时间。结果T_(2)时间点A组患者的MAP低于B组和C组(P<0.05);T_(3)时间点,A组患者的MAP低于B组和C组,且B组的MAP低于C组(P<0.05);T_(2)、T_(3)时间点A组患者的HR低于B组和C组(P<0.05)。A组和B组患者的拔管时间和PACU停留时间短于C组(P<0.05);A组患者的术后镇痛泵按压次数少于B组和C组(P<0.05),且B组少于C组(P<0.05)。A组和B组术后2、6 h的静息VAS评分、Ramsay评分低于C组,且A组低于B组(P<0.05),术后12 h的静息VAS评分,A组低于B组、C组(P<0.05)。术后2、12 h,A组和B组的NE、E、COR水平低于C组,且A组低于B组(P<0.05)。3组患者的术中低血压、恶心呕吐、寒战、头晕头痛等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因与右美托咪定联合应用可有效减轻中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后的疼痛和应激反应,改善术后镇痛效果,并提高患者的术后舒适度。

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在腹膜透析置管术患者中的应用效果

目的:观察右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)在腹膜透析置管术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年2月至2021年2月于该院行腹膜透析置管术的101例患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=51)。对照组采用罗哌卡因TAPB,观察组采用右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因TAPB。比较两组麻醉相关指标(麻醉起效时间、麻醉持续时间)水平,术后2、4、6 h疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、镇静(Ramsay评分法)评分,手术前后应激指标[皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)]水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组麻醉起效时间短于对照组,麻醉持续时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后2、4、6 h,观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,Ramsay评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,观察组Cor、E、NE水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因TAPB应用于腹膜透析置管术患者可改善麻醉相关指标水平,降低术后疼痛评分和应激指标水平,提高术后镇静评分,效果优于单纯罗哌卡因TAPB。

喉罩全身麻醉联合“圈麻”阻滞用于结肠癌手术的麻醉效果

目的 观察喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞用于腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的麻醉效果。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年3月于厦门市第三医院行腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的患者60例,根据随机数字表法将其分为L组(喉罩全身麻醉,30例)和U组(喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞,30例)。记录并比较两组患者麻醉维持的丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量、手术完成时间、意识清醒后视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分和舒芬太尼用量。比较两组患者术后12h的镇痛满意度。结果 两组患者的性别、年龄、体质量、身高、手术时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。U组患者的瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚总用量均显著少于L组(P<0.001);U组患者麻醉恢复室内的VAS评分显著低于L组,舒芬太尼用量显著少于L组(P<0.001)。U组患者的镇痛满意度显著高于L组(χ^(2)=6.772,P=0.031)。结论 与单一喉罩全身麻醉相比,喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞可减少腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术中麻醉维持药物和麻醉恢复室内舒芬太尼的用量,改善术后镇痛满意度。

艾司氯胺酮在剖宫产腹横肌平面阻滞中的应用效果

目的观察艾司氯胺酮在剖宫产腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)中的应用效果。方法选取2023年8月至2024年3月青岛大学附属医院收治的60例剖宫产产妇作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组各30例。观察组采用0.375%罗哌卡因+15 mg艾司氯胺酮20 ml行TAPB,对照组采用0.375%罗哌卡因20 ml行TAPB,两组均使用患者自控静脉镇痛泵(PCIA)。比较两组疼痛评分、术后48 h PCIA使用情况及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组术后6、8、12 h的视觉模拟评分法评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后首次按压PCIA时间长于对照组,有效按压PCIA次数少于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论艾司氯胺酮在剖宫产TAPB中应用可延长镇痛时间,减少PCIA的使用,且不增加不良反应。

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后镇痛中的应用效果

目的探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后镇痛的应用效果。方法选取2019年11月至2022年3月钦州市第一人民医院收治的60例接受腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组(30例)与对照组(30例),观察组患者采用超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞联合罗哌卡因镇痛,对照组采用肌注曲马多镇痛。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Ramsay镇静评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分及不良反应等。结果观察组术后首次排气时间、首次进食时间、首次下床活动及总住院天数均短于对照组,术后VAS评分、不良反应总发生率低于对照组,术后PSQI评分均低于对照组,总住院费用少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后,采用超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞联合罗哌卡因进行镇痛可使患者术后疼痛轻微,不良反应较少,康复速度较快,住院费用较低,预后较好,具有较高的应用价值。

肝内胆管结石患者接受腹腔镜下肝叶切除术竖脊肌平面阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞镇痛效果对比研究

目的探讨肝内胆管结石患者接受腹腔镜下肝叶切除术时竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)与腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)的镇痛效果。方法2021年10月~2023年10月我院诊治的肝内胆管结石患者94例,均接受腹腔镜下肝叶切除术治疗。在麻醉前,随机将患者分为观察组47例和对照组47例,分别在超声引导下行ESPB或TAPB麻醉镇痛。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Ramsay镇静评分量表评估镇痛和镇静效果。采用ELISA法检测血清皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(Ne)和肾上腺素(E)水平。结果在术后6 h、12 h和24h,观察组动态VAS评分分别为(3.1±0.6)分、(3.3±0.7)分和(3.2±0.6)分,显著低于对照组【分别为(3.8±0.7)分、(4.1±0.7)分和(3.9±0.8)分,P<0.05】;在术后48h,观察组血清Cor、Ne和E水平分别为(264.2±29.7)pg/ml、(2.8±0.6)pg/ml和(203.9±26.8)pg/ml,均显著低于对照组【分别为(306.3±33.2)pg/ml、(3.5±0.8)pg/ml和(257.8±32.3)pg/ml,P<0.05】;在术后48h,观察组镇痛泵按压(4.8±1.3)次,显著少于对照组【(6.1±1.8)次,P<0.05】;术后,观察组不良反应发生率为14.9%,与对照组的17.0%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在行腹腔镜下肝叶切除术治疗的肝内胆管结石患者,采用超声引导下ESPB较TAPB可获得更好的术后镇痛效果,或与有效减轻应激反应有关。

腹横肌平面阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉对腹腔镜疝气患儿血流动力学及安全性的影响

目的探讨腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉在腹腔镜疝气患儿中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年12月梅州市人民医院收治的86例腹腔镜疝气患儿为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组43例。对照组行静吸复合全身麻醉,观察组加用TAP阻滞。比较2组麻醉情况、血流动力学、小儿苏醒期躁动评分(PAED)、疼痛评分及安全性。结果2组麻醉、拔管时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组T1、T2时平均动脉压水平高于对照组,T2时心率高于对照组,T1时SaO2高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组进入麻醉恢复室即刻、5 min、15 min、20 min时PAED评分低于对照组,术后0.5 h、1 h、2 h、6 h、12 h时疼痛评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TAP阻滞联合静吸复合全身麻醉在腹腔镜疝气患儿中可稳定术中血流动力学,降低术后PAED评分及疼痛评分,未明显增加安全风险。

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下腹直肌鞘阻滞联合腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜手术患者术中镇痛的影响

目的 探讨右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下腹直肌鞘阻滞(RSB)联合腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对腹腔镜手术患者术中镇痛的影响。方法 选取2023年3—5月中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院收治的80例腹腔镜手术患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组40例。试验组给予0.5μg/kg右美托咪定复合0.25%罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB,对照组给予0.25%罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB。比较分析两组患者的围手术期指标、术后不良反应发生情况。比较分析两组患者进入手术室后(T0)、切皮时(T1)、建立气腹后(T2)、拔管后(T3)的Ramsay评分、Prince-Henry评分、血流动力学水平[收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)]。结果 试验组患者的瑞芬太尼用量和丙泊酚用量均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的术后不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与T0时刻比较,两组患者T1、T2、T3时刻的Ramsay评分均升高,Prince-Henry评分均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3时刻,试验组患者的Ramsay评分均高于对照组,Prince-Henry评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与T0时刻比较,对照组患者T1、T2、T3时刻的SBP、DBP、HR、MAP均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3时刻,试验组患者的SBP、DBP、HR、MAP均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB中对腹腔镜手术患者的镇静、镇痛效果显著,可维持患者的血流动力学水平稳定,且安全性较好。