Experience of Cervical Plexus Reinnervation for Patients with Unilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Invasion or Injury

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical and therapeutic effects of cervical plexus reinnervation for infiltrated or injured unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve （URLN）. METHODS Functional neck dissection for removal of differentiated thyroid carcinoma （DTC） in patients was performed, in which cervical plexus reinnervation was adopted for patients with stage I disease and URLN with injury or with tumor invasion. Outcomes of surgery were evaluated by examination under fibrolaryngoscope, and the patients＇ voices were evaluated before and after surgery. RESULTS All cases were followed up for 3 mon-2 years （average 8 mon）. Abductory motion of the vocal cords of 15 patients was completely or partly restored, but 3 patients＇ vocal cords were immovable. The recovery rate of abductory motion of the paralyzed vocal cords was 83.33% （15/18）. The function of phonation in the 16 patients was restored to normal or near normal limits, and their hoarseness was improved significantly. CONCLUSION Cervical plexus-URLN reinnervation should be considered when treating patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Removing the tumor simultaneously with cervical plexus reinnervation during surgery for repair of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was convenient and easy to perform with less functional damage compared with other methods of reinnervation. The abductory motion of vocal cord could be satisfactorily restored by this reinnervation. Surgical performance skills and application of neurotrophic drugs were important for the success of the surgery.

Bilateral superficial cervical plexus block for parathyroidectomy during pregnancy:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT)is the most common cause of pregnancyrelated hypercalcemia.PHPT can cause maternal and fetal complications in pregnant women.General anesthesia for non-obstetric surgery in pregnant women is associated with maternal hazards and concerns regarding long-term neonatal neurocognitive effects.Surgical removal of the lesion in mid-pregnancy is currently the primary treatment option for pregnant patients with PHPT.However,the blood calcium concentration at which surgery should be considered remains under discussion due to the risk of miscarriage.CASE SUMMARY A 31-year-old nulliparous woman at 11 wk of gestation was admitted to our hospital for parathyroidectomy.The patient had a history of intrauterine fetal death with unknown etiology at 16 wk of gestation 1 year prior.Her blood test results showed that the serum calcium level was elevated to 12.9 mg/dL,and the parathyroid hormone level was elevated to 157 pg/mL.In a neck ultrasound,it revealed a 0.8 cm×1.5 cm sized oval,hypoechoic mass in the upper posterior of the left thyroid gland,which was compatible with parathyroid adenoma.Superficial cervical plexus block(SCPB)for parathyroidectomy was performed.After surgery,the obstetrician checked the status of the fetus,and there were no abnormal signs.Since then her calcium level returned to normal values after one week of surgery and a healthy male neonate of 2910 g was delivered vaginally at 38 wk of gestation.CONCLUSION Our case suggests that SCPB can be an anesthetic option for parathyroidectomy during the first trimester of pregnancy.

CERVICAL PLEXUS PUNCTURING PLUS MOXIBUSTION FOR TREATMENT OF 78 CASES OF CERVICAL VERTIGO

Objective: To observe the effect of puncturing cervical plexus plus moxibustion in treatment of cervical vertigo. Methods: 78 inpatients were randomly divided into acupuncture + moxibustion (acumoxi) group (n = 40) and Western medicine (control) group (n =38). Acupuncture needles were inserted separately into the points about 0. 5 cun beside the spinous processes of the cervical vertebral1-7. Results: The cure rates and total effective rates of acumoxi group and control group were 70.00%, 95.00%, 31 . 58% and 92% respectively, with the cure rate of the acumoxi group being significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the mean velocity of blood flow of the vertebral artery and basal artery decreased significantly (P <0.05, 0.01) . Conclusion: Acupuncture of cervical plexus plus moxibustion is effective definitely in treatment of cervical vertigo and superior to that of control group.

Expression of c-fos in gastric myenteric plexus and spinal cord of rats with cervical spondylosis

AIM: To determine the expression of c-fos in gastric myenteric plexus and spinal cord of rats with cervical spondylosis and its clinical significance. METHODS: A cervical spondylosis model was established in rats by destroying the stability of cervical posterior column,and the cord segments C4-6 and gastric antrum were collected 3, 4 and 5 mo after the operation. Rats with sham operation were used as controls. c-fos neuronal counter-staining was performed with an immunohistochemistry method. Every third sections from C4-6 segments were drawn. The 10 most labeled c-fos-immunoreactive (Fos-IR) neurons were counted, and the average number was used for statistical analysis. The mean of Fos-IR neurons in myenteric plexus was calculated after counting Fos-IR neurons in 25 ganglia from each antral preparation, and expressed as a mean count per myenteric ganglion.RESULTS: There were a few c-fos-positive neurons in the cervical cord and antrum in the control group. There was an increased c-fos expression in model group 3, 4 and 5 mo after operation, whereas there was no significant increase in c-fos expression in the control group at 3, 4 and 5 mo.More importantly, there was a significant difference in c-fos expression between rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 5 mo in the model group (11.20±2.26 vs 27.68±4.36,P＜0.05, for the cervical cord; and 11.3±2.3 vs 29.3±4.6,P＜0.05, for the gastric antrum). There was no significant difference between rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 4 mo and between rats followed up for 4 mo and those for 5 mo in the model group.CONCLUSION: c-fos expression in gastric myenteric plexus was dramatically associated with that in the spinal cord in rats with cervical spondylosis, suggesting that the gastrointestinal function may be affected by cervical spondylosis. If this hypothesis is confirmed by further studies, functional gastrointestinal diseases such as functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome could be explained by neurogastroenterology.

A three-dimensional digital visualization model of cervical nerves in a healthy person

Three-dimensional reconstruction nerve models are classically obtained from two-dimensional images of ＂visible human＂ frozen sections. However, because of the flexibility of nerve tissues and small color differences compared with surrounding tissues, the integrity and validity of nerve tissues can be impaired during milling. Thus, in the present study, we obtained two-dimensional data from a healthy volunteer based on continuous CT angiography and magnetic resonance myelography. Semi-automatic segmentation and reconstruction were then conducted at different thresholds in different tissues using Mimics software. Small anatomical structures such as muscles and cervical nerves were reconstructed using the medical computer aided design module. Three-dimensional digital models of the cervical nerves and their surrounding structures were successfully developed, which allowed visualization of the spatial relation of anatomical structures with a strong three-dimensional effect, distinct appearance, clear distribution, and good continuity, precision, and integrality. These results indicate the validity of a three-dimensional digital visualization model of healthy human cervical nerves, which overcomes the disadvantages of milling, avoids data loss, and exhibits a realistic appearance and three-dimensional image.

Improved C_(3-4) transfer for treatment of root avulsion of the brachial plexus upper trunk Animal experiments and clinical application

Experimental rats with root avulsion of the brachial plexus upper trunk were treated with the improved C34 transfer for neurotization of 05-6. Results showed that Terzis grooming test scores were significantly increased at 6 months after treatment, the latency of C5-6 motor evoked potential was gradually shortened, and the amplitude was gradually increased. The rate of C3 instead of C5 and the C4 ＋ phrenic nerve instead of C6 myelinated nerve fibers crossing through the anastomotic stoma was approximately 80%. Myelinated nerve fibers were arranged loosely but the thickness of the myelin sheath was similar to that of the healthy side. In clinical applications, 39 patients with root avulsion of the brachial plexus upper trunk were followed for 6 months to 4.5 years after treatment using the improved C3 instead of C5 nerve root transfer and C4 nerve root and phrenic nerve instead of C6 nerve root transfer. Results showed that the strength of the brachial biceps and deltoid muscles recovered to level IIHV, scapular muscle to level Ill-W, latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major muscles to above level Ⅲ, and the brachial triceps muscle to level 0 Ill. Results showed that the improved 03-4 transfer for root avulsion of the brachial plexus upper trunk in animal models is similar to clinical findings and that C3-4 and the phrenic nerve transfer for neurotization of C5-6 can innervate the avulsed brachial plexus upper trunk and promote the recovery of nerve function in the upper extremity.

Schwannoma of the Brachial Plexus Presented as a Neck Mass: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Schwannomas of the head and neck as well as brachial plexus primary tumors are both uncommon entities, and combination of these conditions is quite rare. Schwannomas of the brachial plexus are usually asymptomatic and they present as slowly enlarging masses in the supra- or infraclavicular regions. Although imaging plays a routine role in the detection of these neoplasms, identification of the nerve origin is not often feasible until the time of surgery. Definitive diagnosis is based on histopathological features with presence of spindle-shaped Schwann cells. We report a case of a middle aged woman with left lateral mid-neck mass, which based on the clinical findings, was provisionally diagnosed as a painless lymphadenopathy. Ensuing excisional biopsy revealed the brachial plexus as the origin of a tumor, which subsequently was confirmed to be a schwannoma with microscopic evaluation. The course of disease was complicated with upper brachial plexus injury which was recovered by sural nerve graft.

0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的有效容量探讨

目的探索0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量和95%有效容量。方法选择29例行择期颈部手术的患者,均在超声引导下进行0.25%罗哌卡因颈中间丛阻滞,若颈丛分支所属皮区痛觉均消失,则视为完全阻滞(完全阻滞组,14例),否则视为不完全阻滞(不完全阻滞组,15例)。记录阻滞效果,分析0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的有效容量;比较完全阻滞组和不完全阻滞组患者的一般特征、罗哌卡因阻滞容量、并发症发生情况及阻滞前后深吸气膈肌移动度。结果0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量为10.3 ml[95%可信区间(CI)=(7.7,13.5)ml],95%有效容量为15.6 ml[95%CI=(12.8,44.0)ml]。完全阻滞组和不完全阻滞组年龄、性别、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级、身高、体重及体质量指数(BMI)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。完全阻滞组用罗哌卡因容量(11.1±2.0)ml显著高于不完全阻滞组的(9.2±2.0)ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不完全阻滞组与完全阻滞组阻滞前深吸气膈肌移动度分别为(4.17±0.87)、(4.09±0.85)cm,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不完全阻滞组与完全阻滞组阻滞后深吸气膈肌移动度分别为(4.09±0.85)、(3.99±0.70)cm,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。完全阻滞组1例患者发生声音嘶哑,其给药容量为14 ml;其余所有患者均未发生膈神经阻滞、迷走神经阻滞、局部麻醉药物中毒、Horner征或低氧血症等情况。结论0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量为10.3 ml[95%CI=(7.7,13.5)ml],95%有效容量为15.6 ml[95%CI=(12.8,44.0)ml]。

双侧MUBSCPB复合全身麻醉对甲状腺开放性手术患者麻醉恢复情况及阿片类药物用量的影响

目的探讨双侧改良超声引导双侧颈浅丛阻滞(MUBSCPB)复合全身麻醉对甲状腺开放性手术患者疼痛、麻醉恢复情况及阿片类药物用量的影响,以期为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取2023年1—12月于新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院行甲状腺开放性手术治疗的100例患者为研究对象。根据患者麻醉方法分组,将接受全身麻醉的49例患者纳入全麻组,将接受双侧MUBSCPB复合全身麻醉的51例患者纳入联合组。比较2组患者围术期指标[手术时间、麻醉时间及平均动脉压(MBP)、心率(HR)波动水平];观察2组患者清醒时、术后4 h、术后12 h、术后24 h疼痛程度[疼痛数字评价(NRS)评分];比较2组患者麻醉恢复情况(睁眼时间、自主呼吸时间、拔管时间、答问切题时间)及术中芬太尼、术后吗啡用量;比较2组患者术后24 h恢复质量[40项恢复质量评分量表(QoR-40)评分]。结果2组患者手术时间、麻醉时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);联合组患者MBP、HR波动水平小于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。清醒时、术后4 h、术后12 h,联合组患者NRS评分均低于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,2组患者NRS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合组患者术中芬太尼用量、术后吗啡用量均小于全麻组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组患者睁眼、自主呼吸、拔管及答问切题时间均短于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,联合组患者QoR-40中身体舒适、情绪状态、自理能力、心理支持、疼痛评分均高于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双侧MUBSCPB复合全身麻醉可缩小甲状腺开放性手术患者血流动力学指标波动范围,减轻术后疼痛,减少术中芬太尼用量及术后吗啡用量,同时促进麻醉恢复和术后康复,值得推广应用。

臂丛颈丛神经阻滞麻醉联合瑞芬太尼在锁骨骨折中的应用及对OAA/S评分、VAS评分的影响

目的:观察臂丛颈丛神经阻滞麻醉联合瑞芬太尼用于锁骨骨折手术的效果。方法:选取吉安市永丰县中医院2019年1月~2022年11月就诊的锁骨骨折患者140例为研究对象,按照收治的先后顺序随机分为试验组和对照组各70例,对照组予以臂丛颈丛神经阻滞麻醉,试验组在对照组基础上加用瑞芬太尼。记录两组麻醉前(T0)、臂丛颈丛神经阻滞麻醉后15 min(T1)、辅助用药后3 min(T2)、手术开始后5 min(T3)、手术开始后15 min(T4)、手术结束时(T5)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO 2)。同时观察两组期间的不良反应以及血管活性药麻黄碱、阿托品、尼卡地平以及艾司洛尔的例数。比较两组患者麻醉满意度的差异。结果:对照组T2时血压降低、心率减慢均不明显,与T0比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组T3、T4时血压升高、心率增快明显,与T0和对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组T2血压降低、心率减慢明显,与对照组和T0比较差异有统计学意义(P>0.05),随后趋于平稳。试验组血管活性药物尼卡地平以及艾司洛尔的例数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组视觉模拟评分(VAS)及镇痛效果满意率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:臂丛颈丛神经阻滞麻醉联合瑞芬太尼用于锁骨骨折切开复位内固定手术,镇静镇痛效果确切,呼吸循环稳定,患者麻醉满意度高,是一种安全、有效的麻醉方法。

放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理在颈丛神经阻滞麻醉下甲状腺手术患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理在颈丛神经阻滞麻醉下甲状腺手术患者中的应用效果。方法 选取医院2019年11月—2021年11月在颈丛神经阻滞麻醉下行甲状腺手术患者97例,按放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理实施时间分组,将2019年11月—2020年11月实施放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理前纳入的48例患者设为对照组,将2020年12月—2021年11月实施放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理后纳入的49例患者设为观察组,对照组采取常规护理,观察组进行放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理,比较两组干预前后心理状态、疼痛情况、依从性、生活质量及不良反应发生情况。结果干预前,两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者SAS和SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组NRS评分存在时间效应、组间效应、时间与组间的交互作用,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中,观察组术后1 h、术后4 h及术后12 h时的NRS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后1 h、术后4 h及术后12 h时的NRS评分较术前均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组Morisky服药依从性量表中服药依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组生理功能、活力、精神健康、生理职能、情感职能、躯体疼痛及总体健康评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预期间,观察组不良反应发生率为4.08%,低于对照组的18.75%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 放松式心理干预联合麻醉苏醒护理对颈丛神经阻滞麻醉下的甲状腺手术患者可缓解焦虑、抑郁,减轻疼痛程度,提高依从性,改善生活质量,降低不良反应发生率。

超声引导下颈浅丛联合锁胸筋膜平面阻滞在锁骨手术中的麻醉效果

目的:比较超声引导下颈浅丛联合锁胸筋膜平面阻滞在锁骨手术中的麻醉效果。方法:回顾性分析84例锁骨骨折患者的病历资料。按麻醉方式不同分为对照组(n=42,应用超声引导下颈浅丛联合肌间沟臂丛麻醉)和观察组(n=42,应用超声引导下颈浅丛联合锁胸筋膜平面阻滞),比较两组患者不同时段镇痛效果和术中体征、同侧膈肌麻痹发生率、阻滞相关指标、上肢运动阻滞评分及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组患者不同时段VAS得分、术中心率和血压、同侧膈肌麻痹总发生率、阻滞操作时间、阻滞起效时间均低于对照组(P<0.05);术中血氧饱和度、镇痛持续时间高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组阻滞后4、8、12 h运动神经阻滞(Bromage)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:超声引导下颈浅丛联合锁胸筋膜平面阻滞,更能提高锁骨骨折患者镇痛效果,维持术中体征稳定,减少同侧膈肌麻痹的发生率,保留同侧上肢的运动功能,且该区域麻醉技术操作简单,适合推广。

全身麻醉联合颈丛神经阻滞对老年甲状腺癌手术患者血糖和激素水平及炎症因子的影响研究

目的探讨全身麻醉联合颈丛神经阻滞对老年甲状腺癌手术中患者血糖、激素水平及炎症因子的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年2月至2021年2月于荆州市第三人民医院行甲状腺癌切除术的89例老年患者的临床资料,根据手术麻醉方式的不同分为对照组(n=45)与研究组(n=44)。对照组采用全身麻醉,研究组采用全身麻醉联合颈丛神经阻滞。比较两组不同时间[麻醉前5 min(T_(1))、手术开始后10 min(T_(2))、肿瘤切除时(T_(3))、术毕(T_(4))、术后12 h(T5)]血糖及激素[皮质醇(Cr)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]水平、手术前后炎症因子[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]水平及术后不良反应发生情况。结果T_(1)、T_(2)、T5时,两组血糖、Cr、E、NE水平比较,差异无统计学意义;T_(3)、T_(4)时,研究组血糖、Cr、E、NE水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,研究组hs-CRP、IL-6水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论全身麻醉联合颈丛神经阻滞应用于老年甲状腺癌手术患者中,能有效抑制术中应激反应,减轻术后炎症反应,促进患者术后恢复,且具有较高的安全性。

超声引导下臂丛联合颈中丛神经阻滞复合全麻对锁骨骨折患者术后短期认知功能及睡眠质量的影响

目的:分析超声引导下臂丛联合颈中丛神经阻滞复合全麻对锁骨骨折患者术后短期认知功能及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2022年3月至2023年7月福建省福清市第二医院收治的锁骨骨折患者80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组给予单纯全麻方式干预,观察组给予超声阻滞复合全麻干预。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)比较2组患者干预前后睡眠质量的变化,采用简易精神状态检查(MMSE)比较2组患者的认知功能,并比较2组患者的麻醉率。结果:干预后,观察组麻醉优良率显著高于对照组,观察组术后1 d、3 d的MMSE评分均高于对照组,观察组患者术后5 d的PSQI各因子得分均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:对于锁骨骨折患者采取超声引导下臂丛联合颈中丛神经阻滞复合全麻的麻醉效果较为理想,可减轻对患者术后短期认知功能的影响,改善患者术后睡眠状况,值得推广应用。

全身麻醉复合颈浅丛神经阻滞对甲状腺癌根治术患者的影响

目的:探讨全身麻醉复合颈浅丛神经阻滞对甲状腺癌根治术患者的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年2月毕节市中医医院收治的88例甲状腺癌根治术患者为研究对象。根据随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各44例。对照组给予全身麻醉,观察组给予全身麻醉复合颈浅丛神经阻滞。比较两组麻醉苏醒情况,术前及术后血流动力学指标、应激指标。结果:两组睁眼时间、恢复自主呼吸时间及拔管时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后,观察组平均动脉压(mean arterial pressure,MAP)、心率(heart rate,HR)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,观察组皮质醇(cortisol,Cor)、肾上腺素(epinephrine,EPI)、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在甲状腺癌根治术患者中应用全身麻醉复合颈浅丛神经阻滞效果显著,能够确保麻醉苏醒质量,维持血流动力学稳定,降低患者机体内应激激素水平。

锁骨骨折手术患者中臂丛联合颈浅丛阻滞麻醉的临床应用分析

将臂丛联合颈浅丛阻滞麻醉应用于锁骨骨折患者的手术中以探讨其临床麻醉效果及应用价值。选取2020年8月—2022年8月于黔西南布依族苗族自治州人民医院接受手术的120例锁骨骨折患者作为分析对象,按不同的麻醉方法将患者分成对照组与观察组,每组各60例。对照组采用臂丛神经阻断法,观察组采用臂丛、颈浅静脉丛阻滞,对比两组患者的血流动力学指标、应激反应、术后不良反应发生情况及镇静效果等差异。结果显示,观察组患者术后1 h、3 h、5 h的镇痛评分较对照组低(P<0.05);骨折复位时观察组患者的SBP、DBP、MAP等指标均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的并发症总发生率为15.00%,对照组的并发症总发生率为30.00%,观察组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究发现,在对锁骨骨折患者实施外科手术时,采用臂丛和颈浅神经丛神经阻滞麻醉是一种有效的方法,可以提高患者的镇痛效果,还能降低患者的不良反应发生率,值得临床推广。

相同浓度罗比卡因与布比卡因用于颈神经丛阻滞的比较

目的 评价相同浓度罗比卡因与布比卡因用于颈神经丛阻滞的麻醉效果。方法 4 9例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级甲状腺肿物切除患者随机分为两组 ,罗比卡因组 (Ⅰ组 ) 31例 ,布比卡因组 (Ⅱ组 )18例 ,分别用 0 375 %罗比卡因和 0 375 %布比卡因 10ml阻滞颈浅丛神经 ,用 0 2 5 %罗比卡因和0 2 5 %布比卡因 10ml阻滞其深丛。记录麻醉效果及所产生的并发症 ,记录麻醉前 (T0 )、麻醉后即刻 (T1)、麻醉后的 5min(T2 )、10min (T3 )、15min (T4)、30min (T5)及手术结束 (T6)时的HR、SBP、DBP、MAP、SpO2 、RR、Mv、VT。结果 两组麻醉效果相同 ,产生的并发症也无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。罗比卡因对抬头肌力的影响显著弱于布比卡因 (P <0 0 1)。两组HR麻醉后均有显著升高(P <0 0 5 ) ,SBP、DBP、MAP在T1～T5时有显著升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,在T6时与T0 相比无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 )。与T0 比较 ,两组SpO2 、RR、Mv和VT 在各时间点上无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 0 .375 %罗比卡因和 0 .375 %布比卡因用于颈浅丛神经阻滞 ,0 .2 5 %罗比卡因和 0 .2 5 %布比卡因用于颈深丛阻滞均产生较好的麻醉效果。罗比卡因由于运动神经阻滞较弱 。

保留颈外静脉及颈丛神经深支颈淋巴清扫术式的相关基础研究

目的 研究保留颈外静脉及颈丛神经深支对颈淋巴清扫术的安全性、彻底性及术后颅内和面部静脉回流的影响。方法 2 0例口腔鳞癌患者均采用联合根治术并保留颈神经丛深支。按保留颈外静脉与否将患者随机分为两组 ,每组 10例。检测患者术前、术后的面部组织间质压 ,免疫组织化学技术染色淋巴管并计数其密度 ,观察记录患者的术后主观症状。结果 保留颈外静脉组术后面部组织间质压的升高及持续时间均低于不保留组。颈部不同结构淋巴管密度的均值由高至低依次为 :颈内静脉、胸锁乳突肌、副神经、颈外静脉和颈丛深支。结论 保留颈外静脉及颈丛神经深支不影响颈淋巴清扫术的安全性及彻底性 ,并可有效改善患者术后颅内和面部的静脉回流 。

斜方肌神经支配的解剖学研究

目的 :通过解剖学研究 ,了解斜方肌神经支配方式对根治性颈清扫术术后肩功能可能产生的影响 ,根据神经支配的特点 ,探讨改进手术方法以改善根治性颈清扫术后肩功能的可能性 .方法 :解剖 16具成人尸体 2 2侧颈部 ,观察斜方肌的神经支配 .结果 :68.18%的副神经在胸锁乳突肌后缘前接受颈丛分支的交通 ,所有斜方肌均接受颈丛分支的支配 ,多来源于 C3、C4,其中 ,88.37%的分支在颈后三角位于椎前筋膜的浅面 ,颈丛均有肩胛提肌分支且位于椎前筋膜的深面 .结论 :斜方肌受副神经和颈丛的双重支配 ,大多数颈丛斜方肌支在根治性颈清扫术中会被切断 .通过颈清扫术中保留 C3、C4到斜方肌分支或用颈丛肩胛提肌支与副神经移位吻合来改善术后斜方肌功能具有解剖学上的依据 .

头颈部神经鞘瘤275例临床分析

目的:对头颈部神经鞘瘤进行临床分析。方法:1969年7月～2002年9月共收治头颈部神经鞘瘤342例,占全身神经鞘瘤的58.6%(342/584),随访275例,随访率80.4%。结果:术前诊断为神经鞘瘤者仅为184例,误诊率为33.1%(91/275)。本组7例复发(包括3例恶性),肿瘤发生最多的神经为交感神经、臂丛神经和迷走神经。结论:神经鞘瘤60.0%左右发生在头颈部。绝大部分为良性,恶性极少(3/275)。主要治疗方法为手术,恶性神经鞘瘤对放、化疗不敏感,预后差。