Real traffic-data based evaluation of vehicular traffic environment and state- of-the-art with future issues in location-centric data dissemination for VANETs

Extensive investigation has been performed in location-centric or geocast routing protocols for reliable and efficient dissemination of information in Vehicular Adhoc Networks （VANETs）. Various location-centric routing protocols have been suggested in literature for road safety ITS applications considering urban and highway traffic environment. This paper characterizes vehicular environments based on real traffic data and investigates the evolution of location-centric data dissemination. The current study is carded out with three main objectives： （i） to analyze the impact of dynamic traffic environment on the design of data dissemination techniques, （ii） to characterize location-centric data dissemination in terms of functional and qualitative behavior of protocols, properties, and strengths and weaknesses, and （iii） to find some future research directions in information dissemination based on location. Vehicular traffic environments have been classified into three categories based on physical characteristics such as speed, inter-vehicular distance, neighborhood stability, traffic volume, etc. Real traffic data is considered to analyze on-road traffic environments based on the measurement of physical parameters and weather conditions. Design issues are identified in incorporating physical parameters and weather conditions into data dissemination. Functional and qualitative characteristics of location-centric techniques are explored considering urban and highway environments. Comparative analysis of location-centric techniques is carded out for both urban and highway environments individually based on some unique and common characteristics of the environments. Finally, some future research directions are identified in the area based on the detailed investigation of traffic environments and location-centric data dissemination techniques.

Dissemination network of referencing errors:A comparison between the two most cited papersin the world

Lowry's paper(1951,Journal of Biological Chemistry)is the most highly cited paper in the world up to 26th,December 2022.Laemmli's paper(1970,Nature)ranks second.These two papers are selected as our sample to compare respective dissemination networks of referencing errors.There are several types of referencing errors,and we focus on the so-called'double error",that is,the co-occurrence of a wrong volume number of a journal and a wrong beginning page number of a paper.Since the probability of a double error is extremely small,so that whenever double error occurs more than once,we can deduce definitely that there are some authors who copy references from the reference list of other publications.Based on the dissemination networks of the double errors of the above-mentioned two papers,three dissemination routes are confirmed.Route 1:copying references from another paper and citing that paper.Route 2:copying references from another paper without citing that paper.Route 3:Sharing at least one author with another paper which carries the same referencing error.Some suggestions are offered to reduce or eliminate the misconduct of copying references without any checking.

Development in theoretical study and practice of library legislation in China

One of the most outstanding characteristics of library legislation in China is that theoretical research and legislative practice are mutually reinforcing, making important issues and basic rules and regulations closely associated with legislation and the research focus. A national library law is currently being enacted while several local library legislations have already seen fruitful results. In the enactment of 'Regulations for the Protection of Information Network Dissemination Rights', the library professional participated for the first time in enacting a national copyright law, which led to unprecedented flourishing of library activities and copyright studies. The promulgation of another legal framework,'Government Information Disclosure Regulations' further advanced the research on related issues and pushed forward government information services in public libraries in the same way. A new landmark for library legislation in recent years is the promulgation of'Guidelines for Land Utilization for Public Library Construction' and 'Public Library Construction Standards', while the framing of 'Rules of Professional Ethics for Librarians in China(On trial)' and the 'Library Service Manifesto' give indication that a framework of self-disciplinary measures of library professionals is established.