The rapid development of network technology and its evolution toward heterogeneous networks has increased the demand to support automatic monitoring and the management of heterogeneous wireless communication networks....The rapid development of network technology and its evolution toward heterogeneous networks has increased the demand to support automatic monitoring and the management of heterogeneous wireless communication networks.This paper presents a multilevel pattern mining architecture to support automatic network management by discovering interesting patterns from telecom network monitoring data.This architecture leverages and combines existing frequent itemset discovery over data streams,association rule deduction,frequent sequential pattern mining,and frequent temporal pattern mining techniques while also making use of distributed processing platforms to achieve high-volume throughput.展开更多
We address the problem of optimizing a distributed monitoring system and the goal of the optimization is to reduce the cost of deployment of the monitoring infrastructure by identifying a minimum aggregating set subje...We address the problem of optimizing a distributed monitoring system and the goal of the optimization is to reduce the cost of deployment of the monitoring infrastructure by identifying a minimum aggregating set subject to delay constraint on the aggregating path. We show that this problem is NP\|hard and propose approximation algorithm proving the approximation ratio with ln m +1, where is the number of monitoring nodes. At last we extend our modal with more constraint of bounded delay variation.展开更多
Based on the nonlinear error equation of deformation network monitoring, the mathematical model of nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was put forward for the deformation network monitoring, in which the tar...Based on the nonlinear error equation of deformation network monitoring, the mathematical model of nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was put forward for the deformation network monitoring, in which the target function is the accuracy criterion and the constraint conditions are the network’s sensitivity, reliability and observing cost. Meanwhile a new non derivative solution to the nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was also put forward. The solving model uses the difference to stand for the first derivative of functions and solves the revised feasible direction to get the optimal solution to unknown parameters. It can not only make the solution to converge on the minimum point of the constraint problem, but decrease the calculating load.展开更多
An audio and video network monitoring system for weather modification operation transmitting information by 3G,ADSL and Internet has been developed and applied in weather modification operation of Tai'an City.The ...An audio and video network monitoring system for weather modification operation transmitting information by 3G,ADSL and Internet has been developed and applied in weather modification operation of Tai'an City.The all-in-one machine of 3G audio and video network highly integrates all front-end devices used for audio and video collection,communication,power supply and information storage,and has advantages of wireless video transmission,clear two-way voice intercom with the command center,waterproof and dustproof function,simple operation,good portability,and long working hours.Compression code of the system is transmitted by dynamic bandwidth,and compression rate varies from 32 kbps to 4 Mbps under different network conditions.This system has forwarding mode,that is,monitoring information from each front-end monitoring point is transmitted to the server of the command center by 3G /ADSL,and the server codes and decodes again,then back-end users call images from the server,which can address 3G network stoppage caused by many users calling front-end video at the same time.In addition,the system has been applied in surface weather modification operation of Tai'an City,and has made a great contribution to transmitting operation orders in real time,monitoring,standardizing and recording operating process,and improving operating safety.展开更多
In this paper,the specific application of key words spotting used in the network monitoring is studied,and the keywords spotting is emphasized.The whole monitoring system is divided into two modules:network monitoring...In this paper,the specific application of key words spotting used in the network monitoring is studied,and the keywords spotting is emphasized.The whole monitoring system is divided into two modules:network monitoring and keywords spotting.In the part of network monitoring,this paper adopts a method which is based on ARP spoofing technology to monitor the users’ data,and to obtain the original audio streams.In the part of keywords spotting,the extraction methods of PLP(one of the main characteristic parameters)is studied,and improved feature parameters-PMCC are put forward.Meanwhile,in order to accurately detect syllable,the paper compares the double-threshold method with variance of frequency band method,and use the latter to carry out endpoint detection.Finally,keywords recognition module is built by HMM,and identification results are contrasted under Matlab environment.From the experiment results,a better solution for the application of key words recognition technology in network monitoring is found.展开更多
Entrusted by the Environmental Protection Bureau of Changde City,we conducted drilling,sampling survey and constructed a monitoring network for groundwater in several counties and districts of Changde City.This articl...Entrusted by the Environmental Protection Bureau of Changde City,we conducted drilling,sampling survey and constructed a monitoring network for groundwater in several counties and districts of Changde City.This article introduces the drilling technology,detection method and detection network layout plan adopted in the project,and expounds the problems that occurred while executing the project,in order to provide reference for similar groundwater capacity supervision and construction projects.展开更多
Network monitoring is receiving more attention than ever with the need for a self-driving network to tackle increasingly severe network management challenges. Advanced management applications rely on traffic data anal...Network monitoring is receiving more attention than ever with the need for a self-driving network to tackle increasingly severe network management challenges. Advanced management applications rely on traffic data analyses, which require network monitoring to flexibly provide comprehensive traffic characteristics. Moreover, in virtualized environments, software network monitoring is constrained by available resources and requirements of cloud operators. In this paper, Trident, a policy-based network monitoring system at the host, is proposed. Trident is a novel monitoring approach, off-path configurable streaming, which offers remote analyzers a fine-grained holistic view of the network traffic. A novel fast path packet classification algorithm and a corresponding cached flow form are also proposed to improve monitoring efficiency. Evaluated in a practical deployment, Trident demonstrates negligible interference with forwarding and requires no additional software dependencies. Trident has been deployed in production networks of several Tier-IV datacenters.展开更多
In abandoned mine sites, i.e., mine sites where mining operations have ended, wide spread contaminations are often evident, but the potential sources and pathways of contamination especially through the subsurface, ar...In abandoned mine sites, i.e., mine sites where mining operations have ended, wide spread contaminations are often evident, but the potential sources and pathways of contamination especially through the subsurface, are difficult to identify due to inadequate and sparse geochemical measurements available. Therefore, it is essential to design and implement a planned monitoring net-work to obtain essential information required for establishing the potential contamination source locations, i.e., waste dumps, tailing dams, pits and possible pathways through the subsurface, and to design a remediation strategy for rehabilitation. This study presents an illustrative application of modeling the flow and transport processes and monitoring network design in a study area hydrogeologically resembling an abandoned mine site in Queensland, Australia. In this preliminary study, the contaminant transport process modeled does not incorporate the reactive geochemistry of the contaminants. The transport process is modeled considering a generic conservative contaminant for the illustrative purpose of showing the potential application of an optimal monitoring design methodology. This study aims to design optimal monitoring network to: 1) minimize the contaminant solute mass estimation error;2) locate the plume boundary;3) select the monitoring locations with (potentially) high concentrations. A linked simulation optimization based methodology is utilized for optimal monitoring network design. The methodology is applied utilizing a recently developed software package CARE-GWMND, developed at James Cook University for optimal monitoring network design. Given the complexity of the groundwater systems and the sparsity of pollutant concentration observation data from the field, this software is capable of simulating the groundwater flow and solute transport with spatial interpolation of data from a sparse set of available data, and it utilizes the optimization algorithm to determine optimum locations for implementing monitoring wells.展开更多
The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventi...The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventional monitoring method (According to ISIR (Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran), 1053 and 4208) and use of electronic system method (Patent in industrial property general office of Iran, 77815). Free chlorine monitoring and pH test done by health workers in the conventional method and the results will be sent to the Health Network monthly. Sampling for microbiological testing is done monthly based on population (According to ISIR, 4208). On the electronic system, the procedure is also done by health workers, but the result will be sent to the receiver device by using a cell phone. According to the chlorine test results if the free chlorine residual reported zero, microbiological sampling was done by a health expert. Finally, the number of chlorine test and microbiological sampling and the results of these experiments collected in the both methods and recorded in SPSS 22 then were analyzed by using chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The result of microbiological experiments shows that the sampling rate decreased 29% in using of electronic system method in comparison to the conventional monitoring method while the number of microbial defect detection increased 19% in drinking water networks monitoring by electronic system. Using of electronic system monitoring can reduce the rate and cost of microbiological sampling and its experiments and increase accuracy of these tests, in this way it will increase the quality and safety of drinking water in distribution network in small and dispersed rural communities.展开更多
This paper proposes a simple method of optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN) using Geographical Information System (GIS), interpolation techniques and historical data. Existing air quality stations are syst...This paper proposes a simple method of optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN) using Geographical Information System (GIS), interpolation techniques and historical data. Existing air quality stations are systematically eliminated and the missing data are filled in using the most appropriate interpolation technique. The interpolated data are then compared with the observed data. Pre-defined performance measures root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and correlation coefficient (r) were used to check the accuracy of the interpolated data. An algorithm was developed in GIS environment and the process was simulated for several sets of measurements conducted in different locations in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This methodology proves to be useful to the decision makers to find optimal numbers of stations that are needed without compromising the coverage of the concentrations across the study area.展开更多
Marine data buoy can provide a long-term, continuous, real-time, reliable data of ocean observation in a variety of complex marine environment. It is one of the most reliable, most effective and important means of oce...Marine data buoy can provide a long-term, continuous, real-time, reliable data of ocean observation in a variety of complex marine environment. It is one of the most reliable, most effective and important means of ocean monitoring technology. In this paper, the classification, main theory and technology system of marine data buoy are summarized. The typical technological breakthrough of the development of marine data buoy in recent years is summarized. The composition and application of marine monitoring network in China was introduced, and the gap between the technology of China's marine data buoy and the international advanced countries is compared.Combined on the situation and demand of China's current situation and needs, the development trend of marine data buoy and buoy monitoring network are expected.展开更多
The WSN used in power line monitoring is long chain structure, and the bottleneck near the Sink node is more obvious. In view of this, A Sink nodes’ cooperation mechanism is presented. The Sink nodes from different W...The WSN used in power line monitoring is long chain structure, and the bottleneck near the Sink node is more obvious. In view of this, A Sink nodes’ cooperation mechanism is presented. The Sink nodes from different WSNs are adjacently deployed. Adopting multimode and spatial multiplexing network technology, the network is constructed into multi-mode-level to achieve different levels of data streaming. The network loads are shunted and the network resources are rationally utilized. Through the multi-sink nodes cooperation, the bottlenecks at the Sink node and its near several jump nodes are solved and process the competition of communication between nodes by channel adjustment. Finally, the paper analyzed the method and provided simulation experiment results. Simulation results show that the method can solve the funnel effect of the sink node, and get a good QoS.展开更多
An entropy based approach is applied to identify redundant wells in the network. In the process of this research, groundwater monitoring network is considered as a communication system with a capability to transfer in...An entropy based approach is applied to identify redundant wells in the network. In the process of this research, groundwater monitoring network is considered as a communication system with a capability to transfer information, and monitoring wells are taken as information receivers. The concepts of entropy and mutual information are then applied to measure the information content of individual monitoring well and information relationship between monitoring well pairs. The efficiency of information transfer among monitoring wells is the basis to judge the redundancy in the network. And the capacity of the monitoring wells to provide information on groundwater is the point of evaluation to identify redundant monitoring wells. This approach is demonstrated using the data from a regional scale groundwater network in Hebei plain, China. The result shows that the entropy based method is recommendable in optimizing groundwater networks, especially for those within media of higher heterogeneities and anisotropies.展开更多
Wireless Sensor Network provides a potential technique for monitoring the indoor environment. This paper presents a Building Monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks. A clustering-based network specified fo...Wireless Sensor Network provides a potential technique for monitoring the indoor environment. This paper presents a Building Monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks. A clustering-based network specified for building monitoring is proposed, which is inspired by LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) method. Further, two key ideas are used to implement the clustering-based network. First, the configuration module of building management software is used to conduct all nodes in a room forming a local cluster. This cluster formation method does not consume node energy. Second, because cluster-heads cannot directly transmit packets to the sink node due to limited wireless communication range, the cluster-head communications are represented by a multi-hop tree rooted at the sink node. The experiment has been made to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed results.展开更多
The groundwater system is often polluted by different sources of contamination where the sources are difficult to detect. The presence of contamination in groundwater poses significant challenges to its delineation an...The groundwater system is often polluted by different sources of contamination where the sources are difficult to detect. The presence of contamination in groundwater poses significant challenges to its delineation and quantification. The remediation of a contaminated site requires an optimal decision making system to identify the pollutant source characteristics accurately and efficiently. The source characteristics are generally identified using contaminant concentration measurements from arbitrary or planned monitoring locations. To effectively characterize the sources of pollution, the monitoring locations should be selected appropriately. An efficient monitoring network will result in satisfactory characterization of contaminant sources. On the other hand, an appropriate design of monitoring network requires reliable source characteristics. A coupled iterative sequential source identification and dynamic monitoring network design, improves substantially the accuracy of source identification model. This paper reviews different source identification and monitoring network design methods in groundwater contaminant sites. Further, the models for sequential integration of these two models are presented. The effective integration of source identification and dedicated monitoring network design models, distributed sources, parameter uncertainty, and pollutant geo-chemistry are some of the issues which need to be addressed in efficient, accurate and widely applicable methodologies for identification of unknown pollutant sources in contaminated aquifers.展开更多
Real traffic information was analyzed in the statistical characteristics and approximated as a Gaussian time series. A data source model, called two states constant bit rate (TSCBR), was proposed in dynamic traffic mo...Real traffic information was analyzed in the statistical characteristics and approximated as a Gaussian time series. A data source model, called two states constant bit rate (TSCBR), was proposed in dynamic traffic monitoring sensor networks. Analysis of autocorrelation of the models shows that the proposed TSCBR model matches with the statistical characteristics of real data source closely. To further verify the validity of the TSCBR data source model, the performance metrics of power consumption and network lifetime was studied in the evaluation of sensor media access control (SMAC) algorithm. The simulation results show that compared with traditional data source models, TSCBR model can significantly improve accuracy of the algorithm evaluation.展开更多
The paper illustrates the concept, methodology, essential components and importance of groundwater level monitoring in terms of various aquifers such as multiple aquifer, karst aquifer and other aquifers. The groundwa...The paper illustrates the concept, methodology, essential components and importance of groundwater level monitoring in terms of various aquifers such as multiple aquifer, karst aquifer and other aquifers. The groundwater resources in Mekong countries including Cambodia, Laos PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam have also been reviewed. Finally, the author briefly presents Global Groundwater Monitoring Network.展开更多
基金funded by the Enterprise Ireland Innovation Partnership Programme with Ericsson under grant agreement IP/2011/0135[6]supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61373131,61303039,61232016,61501247)+1 种基金the PAPDCICAEET funds
文摘The rapid development of network technology and its evolution toward heterogeneous networks has increased the demand to support automatic monitoring and the management of heterogeneous wireless communication networks.This paper presents a multilevel pattern mining architecture to support automatic network management by discovering interesting patterns from telecom network monitoring data.This architecture leverages and combines existing frequent itemset discovery over data streams,association rule deduction,frequent sequential pattern mining,and frequent temporal pattern mining techniques while also making use of distributed processing platforms to achieve high-volume throughput.
文摘We address the problem of optimizing a distributed monitoring system and the goal of the optimization is to reduce the cost of deployment of the monitoring infrastructure by identifying a minimum aggregating set subject to delay constraint on the aggregating path. We show that this problem is NP\|hard and propose approximation algorithm proving the approximation ratio with ln m +1, where is the number of monitoring nodes. At last we extend our modal with more constraint of bounded delay variation.
文摘Based on the nonlinear error equation of deformation network monitoring, the mathematical model of nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was put forward for the deformation network monitoring, in which the target function is the accuracy criterion and the constraint conditions are the network’s sensitivity, reliability and observing cost. Meanwhile a new non derivative solution to the nonlinear dynamic optimal design of class two was also put forward. The solving model uses the difference to stand for the first derivative of functions and solves the revised feasible direction to get the optimal solution to unknown parameters. It can not only make the solution to converge on the minimum point of the constraint problem, but decrease the calculating load.
基金Supported by the Integration and Application Project of Meteorological Key Technology of China Meteorological Administration(CMAGJ2012M30) Technology Development Projects of Tai'an Science and Technology Bureau in 2010 (201002045) and 2011
文摘An audio and video network monitoring system for weather modification operation transmitting information by 3G,ADSL and Internet has been developed and applied in weather modification operation of Tai'an City.The all-in-one machine of 3G audio and video network highly integrates all front-end devices used for audio and video collection,communication,power supply and information storage,and has advantages of wireless video transmission,clear two-way voice intercom with the command center,waterproof and dustproof function,simple operation,good portability,and long working hours.Compression code of the system is transmitted by dynamic bandwidth,and compression rate varies from 32 kbps to 4 Mbps under different network conditions.This system has forwarding mode,that is,monitoring information from each front-end monitoring point is transmitted to the server of the command center by 3G /ADSL,and the server codes and decodes again,then back-end users call images from the server,which can address 3G network stoppage caused by many users calling front-end video at the same time.In addition,the system has been applied in surface weather modification operation of Tai'an City,and has made a great contribution to transmitting operation orders in real time,monitoring,standardizing and recording operating process,and improving operating safety.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(No.60961002)
文摘In this paper,the specific application of key words spotting used in the network monitoring is studied,and the keywords spotting is emphasized.The whole monitoring system is divided into two modules:network monitoring and keywords spotting.In the part of network monitoring,this paper adopts a method which is based on ARP spoofing technology to monitor the users’ data,and to obtain the original audio streams.In the part of keywords spotting,the extraction methods of PLP(one of the main characteristic parameters)is studied,and improved feature parameters-PMCC are put forward.Meanwhile,in order to accurately detect syllable,the paper compares the double-threshold method with variance of frequency band method,and use the latter to carry out endpoint detection.Finally,keywords recognition module is built by HMM,and identification results are contrasted under Matlab environment.From the experiment results,a better solution for the application of key words recognition technology in network monitoring is found.
文摘Entrusted by the Environmental Protection Bureau of Changde City,we conducted drilling,sampling survey and constructed a monitoring network for groundwater in several counties and districts of Changde City.This article introduces the drilling technology,detection method and detection network layout plan adopted in the project,and expounds the problems that occurred while executing the project,in order to provide reference for similar groundwater capacity supervision and construction projects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61872212)。
文摘Network monitoring is receiving more attention than ever with the need for a self-driving network to tackle increasingly severe network management challenges. Advanced management applications rely on traffic data analyses, which require network monitoring to flexibly provide comprehensive traffic characteristics. Moreover, in virtualized environments, software network monitoring is constrained by available resources and requirements of cloud operators. In this paper, Trident, a policy-based network monitoring system at the host, is proposed. Trident is a novel monitoring approach, off-path configurable streaming, which offers remote analyzers a fine-grained holistic view of the network traffic. A novel fast path packet classification algorithm and a corresponding cached flow form are also proposed to improve monitoring efficiency. Evaluated in a practical deployment, Trident demonstrates negligible interference with forwarding and requires no additional software dependencies. Trident has been deployed in production networks of several Tier-IV datacenters.
文摘In abandoned mine sites, i.e., mine sites where mining operations have ended, wide spread contaminations are often evident, but the potential sources and pathways of contamination especially through the subsurface, are difficult to identify due to inadequate and sparse geochemical measurements available. Therefore, it is essential to design and implement a planned monitoring net-work to obtain essential information required for establishing the potential contamination source locations, i.e., waste dumps, tailing dams, pits and possible pathways through the subsurface, and to design a remediation strategy for rehabilitation. This study presents an illustrative application of modeling the flow and transport processes and monitoring network design in a study area hydrogeologically resembling an abandoned mine site in Queensland, Australia. In this preliminary study, the contaminant transport process modeled does not incorporate the reactive geochemistry of the contaminants. The transport process is modeled considering a generic conservative contaminant for the illustrative purpose of showing the potential application of an optimal monitoring design methodology. This study aims to design optimal monitoring network to: 1) minimize the contaminant solute mass estimation error;2) locate the plume boundary;3) select the monitoring locations with (potentially) high concentrations. A linked simulation optimization based methodology is utilized for optimal monitoring network design. The methodology is applied utilizing a recently developed software package CARE-GWMND, developed at James Cook University for optimal monitoring network design. Given the complexity of the groundwater systems and the sparsity of pollutant concentration observation data from the field, this software is capable of simulating the groundwater flow and solute transport with spatial interpolation of data from a sparse set of available data, and it utilizes the optimization algorithm to determine optimum locations for implementing monitoring wells.
文摘The used water for human consumption must be free of microorganisms and chemicals that cause risk in the human health. In this study, water quality of 18 rural area of Abarkouh was determined and compared the conventional monitoring method (According to ISIR (Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran), 1053 and 4208) and use of electronic system method (Patent in industrial property general office of Iran, 77815). Free chlorine monitoring and pH test done by health workers in the conventional method and the results will be sent to the Health Network monthly. Sampling for microbiological testing is done monthly based on population (According to ISIR, 4208). On the electronic system, the procedure is also done by health workers, but the result will be sent to the receiver device by using a cell phone. According to the chlorine test results if the free chlorine residual reported zero, microbiological sampling was done by a health expert. Finally, the number of chlorine test and microbiological sampling and the results of these experiments collected in the both methods and recorded in SPSS 22 then were analyzed by using chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The result of microbiological experiments shows that the sampling rate decreased 29% in using of electronic system method in comparison to the conventional monitoring method while the number of microbial defect detection increased 19% in drinking water networks monitoring by electronic system. Using of electronic system monitoring can reduce the rate and cost of microbiological sampling and its experiments and increase accuracy of these tests, in this way it will increase the quality and safety of drinking water in distribution network in small and dispersed rural communities.
文摘This paper proposes a simple method of optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN) using Geographical Information System (GIS), interpolation techniques and historical data. Existing air quality stations are systematically eliminated and the missing data are filled in using the most appropriate interpolation technique. The interpolated data are then compared with the observed data. Pre-defined performance measures root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and correlation coefficient (r) were used to check the accuracy of the interpolated data. An algorithm was developed in GIS environment and the process was simulated for several sets of measurements conducted in different locations in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This methodology proves to be useful to the decision makers to find optimal numbers of stations that are needed without compromising the coverage of the concentrations across the study area.
基金Taishan Scholars Construction Project Special Funds of Shandong Province
文摘Marine data buoy can provide a long-term, continuous, real-time, reliable data of ocean observation in a variety of complex marine environment. It is one of the most reliable, most effective and important means of ocean monitoring technology. In this paper, the classification, main theory and technology system of marine data buoy are summarized. The typical technological breakthrough of the development of marine data buoy in recent years is summarized. The composition and application of marine monitoring network in China was introduced, and the gap between the technology of China's marine data buoy and the international advanced countries is compared.Combined on the situation and demand of China's current situation and needs, the development trend of marine data buoy and buoy monitoring network are expected.
文摘The WSN used in power line monitoring is long chain structure, and the bottleneck near the Sink node is more obvious. In view of this, A Sink nodes’ cooperation mechanism is presented. The Sink nodes from different WSNs are adjacently deployed. Adopting multimode and spatial multiplexing network technology, the network is constructed into multi-mode-level to achieve different levels of data streaming. The network loads are shunted and the network resources are rationally utilized. Through the multi-sink nodes cooperation, the bottlenecks at the Sink node and its near several jump nodes are solved and process the competition of communication between nodes by channel adjustment. Finally, the paper analyzed the method and provided simulation experiment results. Simulation results show that the method can solve the funnel effect of the sink node, and get a good QoS.
文摘An entropy based approach is applied to identify redundant wells in the network. In the process of this research, groundwater monitoring network is considered as a communication system with a capability to transfer information, and monitoring wells are taken as information receivers. The concepts of entropy and mutual information are then applied to measure the information content of individual monitoring well and information relationship between monitoring well pairs. The efficiency of information transfer among monitoring wells is the basis to judge the redundancy in the network. And the capacity of the monitoring wells to provide information on groundwater is the point of evaluation to identify redundant monitoring wells. This approach is demonstrated using the data from a regional scale groundwater network in Hebei plain, China. The result shows that the entropy based method is recommendable in optimizing groundwater networks, especially for those within media of higher heterogeneities and anisotropies.
文摘Wireless Sensor Network provides a potential technique for monitoring the indoor environment. This paper presents a Building Monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks. A clustering-based network specified for building monitoring is proposed, which is inspired by LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) method. Further, two key ideas are used to implement the clustering-based network. First, the configuration module of building management software is used to conduct all nodes in a room forming a local cluster. This cluster formation method does not consume node energy. Second, because cluster-heads cannot directly transmit packets to the sink node due to limited wireless communication range, the cluster-head communications are represented by a multi-hop tree rooted at the sink node. The experiment has been made to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed results.
文摘The groundwater system is often polluted by different sources of contamination where the sources are difficult to detect. The presence of contamination in groundwater poses significant challenges to its delineation and quantification. The remediation of a contaminated site requires an optimal decision making system to identify the pollutant source characteristics accurately and efficiently. The source characteristics are generally identified using contaminant concentration measurements from arbitrary or planned monitoring locations. To effectively characterize the sources of pollution, the monitoring locations should be selected appropriately. An efficient monitoring network will result in satisfactory characterization of contaminant sources. On the other hand, an appropriate design of monitoring network requires reliable source characteristics. A coupled iterative sequential source identification and dynamic monitoring network design, improves substantially the accuracy of source identification model. This paper reviews different source identification and monitoring network design methods in groundwater contaminant sites. Further, the models for sequential integration of these two models are presented. The effective integration of source identification and dedicated monitoring network design models, distributed sources, parameter uncertainty, and pollutant geo-chemistry are some of the issues which need to be addressed in efficient, accurate and widely applicable methodologies for identification of unknown pollutant sources in contaminated aquifers.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Programme of China ( No. 2003AA602230) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50308007).
基金The National Natural Science Foundation ofChia(No60372076)The Important cienceand Technology Key Item of Shanghai Science and Technology Bureau ( No05dz15004)
文摘Real traffic information was analyzed in the statistical characteristics and approximated as a Gaussian time series. A data source model, called two states constant bit rate (TSCBR), was proposed in dynamic traffic monitoring sensor networks. Analysis of autocorrelation of the models shows that the proposed TSCBR model matches with the statistical characteristics of real data source closely. To further verify the validity of the TSCBR data source model, the performance metrics of power consumption and network lifetime was studied in the evaluation of sensor media access control (SMAC) algorithm. The simulation results show that compared with traditional data source models, TSCBR model can significantly improve accuracy of the algorithm evaluation.
文摘The paper illustrates the concept, methodology, essential components and importance of groundwater level monitoring in terms of various aquifers such as multiple aquifer, karst aquifer and other aquifers. The groundwater resources in Mekong countries including Cambodia, Laos PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam have also been reviewed. Finally, the author briefly presents Global Groundwater Monitoring Network.