Software-Defined Network (SDN) empowers the evolution of Internet with the OpenFlow, Network Virtualization and Service Slicing strategies. With the fast increasing requirements of Mobile Internet services, the Inte...Software-Defined Network (SDN) empowers the evolution of Internet with the OpenFlow, Network Virtualization and Service Slicing strategies. With the fast increasing requirements of Mobile Internet services, the Internet and Mobile Networks go to the convergence. Mobile Networks can also get benefits from the SDN evolution to fulfill the 5th Generation (5G) capacity booming. The article implements SDN into Frameless Network Architecture (FNA) for 5G Mobile Network evolution with proposed Mobile-oriented OpenFlow Protocol (MOFP). The Control Plane/User Plane (CP/UP) separation and adaptation strategy is proposed to support the User-Centric scenario in FNA. The traditional Base Station is separated with Central Processing Entity (CPE) and Antenna Element (AE) to perform the OpenFlow and Network Virtualization. The AEs are released as new resources for serving users. The mobile-oriented Service Slicing with different Quality of Service (QoS) classification is proposed and Resource Pooling based Virtualized Radio Resource Management (VRRM) is optimized for the Service Slicing strategy with resource-limited feature in Mobile Networks. The capacity gains are provided to show the merits of SDN based FNA. And the MiniNet based Trial Network with Service Slicing is implemented with experimental results.展开更多
The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multipl...The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). These technologies challenge the link budget and networking analysis of the FuTURE 4G TDD trial network. This paper analyzes the practical 3.5 GHz propagation model and the link budget of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters of the trial system. Moreover,it introduces networking analysis and network planning of the trial system,which combines the field test results of the MIMO system. The FuTURE 4G TDD trial system and its trial network have been accomplished with successful checkup. The trial system fulfills all the requirements with two Access Points (AP) and three Mobile Terminals (MT),which supports multi-user,mobility,a high peak rate of 100 Mb/s,High-Definition TV (HDTV),high-speed data download,and Voice over IP (VoIP) services.展开更多
目的:探讨补肾壮骨方治疗非创伤性股骨头坏死(non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head,NONFH)肝肾亏虚证的功效内涵。方法:①网络药理学研究。检索TCMIP v2.0、ETCM2.0、HERB数据库,收集补肾壮骨方的靶标基因,从项目组前期研...目的:探讨补肾壮骨方治疗非创伤性股骨头坏死(non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head,NONFH)肝肾亏虚证的功效内涵。方法:①网络药理学研究。检索TCMIP v2.0、ETCM2.0、HERB数据库,收集补肾壮骨方的靶标基因,从项目组前期研究中获取NONFH肝肾亏虚证相关差异表达基因,以NONFH肝肾亏虚证典型症状为关键词检索NONFH肝肾亏虚证典型症状相关基因。将上述基因合并,构建补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证蛋白质互作网络,从中筛选关键靶标基因,并对其进行KEGG信号通路富集分析,结合文献对相关信号通路进行药理作用分析。以靶标基因与信号通路、信号通路与药理作用的映射关系为基础,结合文献报道,构建补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证“组方中药-关键靶标-信号通路-功效-药理作用-临床症状”关联网络。②临床研究。选择77例(120髋)NONFH肝肾亏虚证患者,采用口服补肾壮骨方治疗6个月。分别采用股骨头坏死临床疗效评价标准和北京中医药大学X线评价系统进行临床疗效和影像学疗效评价。结果:①网络药理学研究结果。从构建的补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证蛋白质互作网络中共筛选出556个关键靶标基因,这些基因共参与39条与NONFH肝肾亏虚证有关的信号通路,主要涉及纠正骨代谢紊乱、纠正脂代谢紊乱、矫正免疫-炎症失衡、改善血液循环受阻4种药理作用。纠正骨代谢紊乱涉及靶标基因183个,纠正脂代谢紊乱涉及靶标基因176个,矫正免疫-炎症失衡涉及靶标基因171个,改善血液循环受阻涉及靶标基因125个。构建的“组方中药-关键靶标-信号通路-功效-药理作用-临床症状”关联网络直观显示了补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证的功效内涵。②临床研究结果。临床疗效评价结果显示,治疗6个月后患者的髋关节疼痛强度评分、髋关节屈曲功能评分、行走距离评分及临床疗效总分均较治疗前降低[(5.86±1.96)分,(2.26±1.84)分,t=25.672,P=0.000;(5.76±1.62)分,(3.46±1.68)分,t=38.411,P=0.000;(6.31±1.41)分,(0.78±0.74)分,t=46.771,P=0.000;(5.92±1.18)分,(2.32±1.06)分,t=48.263,P=0.000];临床疗效优88髋、良28髋、可2髋、差2髋。影像学疗效评价结果显示,治疗后3年影像学疗效优17髋、良25髋、可67髋、差11髋;股骨头形态稳定109髋、进展11髋,坏死灶改善67髋、稳定34髋、进展19髋,骨关节炎稳定100髋、进展20髋。结论:补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证的机制为纠正骨代谢和脂代谢紊乱、免疫-炎症失衡及血液循环受阻,其中纠正骨代谢紊乱可能是最主要的机制。展开更多
目的评价早期预防脑瘫患儿继发髋关节发育不良疗法的有效性。方法检索CNKI、万方、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库,收集从建库至2022年4月发表的有关预防脑瘫髋关节发育异常疗法的RCT。由两位评价...目的评价早期预防脑瘫患儿继发髋关节发育不良疗法的有效性。方法检索CNKI、万方、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库,收集从建库至2022年4月发表的有关预防脑瘫髋关节发育异常疗法的RCT。由两位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 16.0软件和ADDIS 1.16.8软件进行贝叶斯网状Meta分析。结果最终纳入21个RCT,共包括1228例脑瘫患儿。网状Meta分析表明:(1)常规康复治疗联合家庭髋关节姿势管理、肌肉电刺激、穴位埋线、WBV,分别在改善MP值、内收肌肌张力、GMFM-E区评分、髋关节ROM评价方面疗效最佳;(2)在改善腘绳肌肌张力的评价中,常规康复治疗+靳三针头针+体针治疗效果明显优于常规康复治疗。结论家庭髋关节姿势管理在改善MP值方面临床前景最好,针灸联合常规康复治疗在改善肌张力方面疗效明确。展开更多
目的基于贝叶斯网状Meta分析(Bayesian Network Meta-analysis,BNMA)方法,评价临床常用的口服或鼻饲中成药治疗脑出血(Intracerebral haemorrhage,ICH)术后的有效性及安全性。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang)、...目的基于贝叶斯网状Meta分析(Bayesian Network Meta-analysis,BNMA)方法,评价临床常用的口服或鼻饲中成药治疗脑出血(Intracerebral haemorrhage,ICH)术后的有效性及安全性。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang)、维普中文期刊(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science建库至2023年8月25日有关中成药干预ICH术后的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT);使用ROB 2.0进行偏倚风险评估,运用R 4.2.2加载BUGSnet 1.1.0程序包进行BNMA。结果共纳入28项RCT,总样本量2530例,涵盖9种口服中成药[安宫牛黄丸(AGNH)、苏合香丸(SHX)、脑血疏口服液(NXS)、脑心通胶囊(NXT)、脑血康片(NXK)、消瘀康胶囊(XYK)、养血清脑颗粒(YXQN)、通天口服液(TT)、三七通舒胶囊(SQTS)],所有患者均行手术治疗和术后常规西医治疗(conventional western medicine treatment,CWMT),试验组加用口服或鼻饲中成药。BNMA结果显示,AGNH+CWMT组在降低短期病死率、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)和脑血肿周围水肿量方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;SHX+CWMT组在提高总有效率方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;TT+CWMT组在增加格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;YXQN+CWMT组在提高巴塞尔指数(Barthel index,BI)方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;NXS+CWMT组在促进脑血肿吸收量方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P>0.05;NXT+CWMT组在缩短平均住院时间方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P>0.05。结论与CWMT组比较,脑出血术后患者在CWMT基础上联用中成药治疗在提高总有效率,降低病死率、NIHSS评分,提高GCS评分、BI指数方面疗效确切,但在促进血肿吸收和缩短平均住院时间方面差异无统计学意义。AGNH综合疗效较好,可能为治疗ICH术后综合疗效最优的中成药。但由于纳入研究质量和方法学的局限性,所得结论仍需进一步验证。展开更多
为提高区域应急响应速度,增强区域内医疗、消防和紧急物资运输等能力,提出一种基于复杂网络理论的航空应急救援站脆弱性分析方法。首先,构建航空应急救援场站脆弱性评价指标体系,将具体分析指标划分为三类:通过资料搜集直接获得的定量...为提高区域应急响应速度,增强区域内医疗、消防和紧急物资运输等能力,提出一种基于复杂网络理论的航空应急救援站脆弱性分析方法。首先,构建航空应急救援场站脆弱性评价指标体系,将具体分析指标划分为三类:通过资料搜集直接获得的定量计算指标、使用模糊综合评价法进行评价获得的定性评价指标以及借助Pajek工具进行计算得到的网络特性指标;其次,使用集成决策实验室法(decision making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL)对各评价指标的权重进行估计;最后,使用灰度关联分析法综合评价各节点的脆弱性指数。对某地区现有运输机场布局案例进行分析,结果表明:所提方法在充分考虑待选机场的自身应急救援建设条件的基础上,兼顾救援网络中各机场间的互补性和协同作用,为未来的航空应急救援站选址研究提供了一种高效可靠的评价分析方法。展开更多
基金This material is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61001116 and 61121001,Beijing Nova Programme No.Z131101000413030,the National Major Project No.2013ZX03003002 and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University No.IRT1049
文摘Software-Defined Network (SDN) empowers the evolution of Internet with the OpenFlow, Network Virtualization and Service Slicing strategies. With the fast increasing requirements of Mobile Internet services, the Internet and Mobile Networks go to the convergence. Mobile Networks can also get benefits from the SDN evolution to fulfill the 5th Generation (5G) capacity booming. The article implements SDN into Frameless Network Architecture (FNA) for 5G Mobile Network evolution with proposed Mobile-oriented OpenFlow Protocol (MOFP). The Control Plane/User Plane (CP/UP) separation and adaptation strategy is proposed to support the User-Centric scenario in FNA. The traditional Base Station is separated with Central Processing Entity (CPE) and Antenna Element (AE) to perform the OpenFlow and Network Virtualization. The AEs are released as new resources for serving users. The mobile-oriented Service Slicing with different Quality of Service (QoS) classification is proposed and Resource Pooling based Virtualized Radio Resource Management (VRRM) is optimized for the Service Slicing strategy with resource-limited feature in Mobile Networks. The capacity gains are provided to show the merits of SDN based FNA. And the MiniNet based Trial Network with Service Slicing is implemented with experimental results.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 60496312the 863 Program of China under Grants 2003AA12331004 and 2006AA01Z260.
文摘The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). These technologies challenge the link budget and networking analysis of the FuTURE 4G TDD trial network. This paper analyzes the practical 3.5 GHz propagation model and the link budget of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters of the trial system. Moreover,it introduces networking analysis and network planning of the trial system,which combines the field test results of the MIMO system. The FuTURE 4G TDD trial system and its trial network have been accomplished with successful checkup. The trial system fulfills all the requirements with two Access Points (AP) and three Mobile Terminals (MT),which supports multi-user,mobility,a high peak rate of 100 Mb/s,High-Definition TV (HDTV),high-speed data download,and Voice over IP (VoIP) services.
文摘目的:探讨补肾壮骨方治疗非创伤性股骨头坏死(non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head,NONFH)肝肾亏虚证的功效内涵。方法:①网络药理学研究。检索TCMIP v2.0、ETCM2.0、HERB数据库,收集补肾壮骨方的靶标基因,从项目组前期研究中获取NONFH肝肾亏虚证相关差异表达基因,以NONFH肝肾亏虚证典型症状为关键词检索NONFH肝肾亏虚证典型症状相关基因。将上述基因合并,构建补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证蛋白质互作网络,从中筛选关键靶标基因,并对其进行KEGG信号通路富集分析,结合文献对相关信号通路进行药理作用分析。以靶标基因与信号通路、信号通路与药理作用的映射关系为基础,结合文献报道,构建补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证“组方中药-关键靶标-信号通路-功效-药理作用-临床症状”关联网络。②临床研究。选择77例(120髋)NONFH肝肾亏虚证患者,采用口服补肾壮骨方治疗6个月。分别采用股骨头坏死临床疗效评价标准和北京中医药大学X线评价系统进行临床疗效和影像学疗效评价。结果:①网络药理学研究结果。从构建的补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证蛋白质互作网络中共筛选出556个关键靶标基因,这些基因共参与39条与NONFH肝肾亏虚证有关的信号通路,主要涉及纠正骨代谢紊乱、纠正脂代谢紊乱、矫正免疫-炎症失衡、改善血液循环受阻4种药理作用。纠正骨代谢紊乱涉及靶标基因183个,纠正脂代谢紊乱涉及靶标基因176个,矫正免疫-炎症失衡涉及靶标基因171个,改善血液循环受阻涉及靶标基因125个。构建的“组方中药-关键靶标-信号通路-功效-药理作用-临床症状”关联网络直观显示了补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证的功效内涵。②临床研究结果。临床疗效评价结果显示,治疗6个月后患者的髋关节疼痛强度评分、髋关节屈曲功能评分、行走距离评分及临床疗效总分均较治疗前降低[(5.86±1.96)分,(2.26±1.84)分,t=25.672,P=0.000;(5.76±1.62)分,(3.46±1.68)分,t=38.411,P=0.000;(6.31±1.41)分,(0.78±0.74)分,t=46.771,P=0.000;(5.92±1.18)分,(2.32±1.06)分,t=48.263,P=0.000];临床疗效优88髋、良28髋、可2髋、差2髋。影像学疗效评价结果显示,治疗后3年影像学疗效优17髋、良25髋、可67髋、差11髋;股骨头形态稳定109髋、进展11髋,坏死灶改善67髋、稳定34髋、进展19髋,骨关节炎稳定100髋、进展20髋。结论:补肾壮骨方治疗NONFH肝肾亏虚证的机制为纠正骨代谢和脂代谢紊乱、免疫-炎症失衡及血液循环受阻,其中纠正骨代谢紊乱可能是最主要的机制。
文摘目的基于贝叶斯网状Meta分析(Bayesian Network Meta-analysis,BNMA)方法,评价临床常用的口服或鼻饲中成药治疗脑出血(Intracerebral haemorrhage,ICH)术后的有效性及安全性。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang)、维普中文期刊(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science建库至2023年8月25日有关中成药干预ICH术后的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT);使用ROB 2.0进行偏倚风险评估,运用R 4.2.2加载BUGSnet 1.1.0程序包进行BNMA。结果共纳入28项RCT,总样本量2530例,涵盖9种口服中成药[安宫牛黄丸(AGNH)、苏合香丸(SHX)、脑血疏口服液(NXS)、脑心通胶囊(NXT)、脑血康片(NXK)、消瘀康胶囊(XYK)、养血清脑颗粒(YXQN)、通天口服液(TT)、三七通舒胶囊(SQTS)],所有患者均行手术治疗和术后常规西医治疗(conventional western medicine treatment,CWMT),试验组加用口服或鼻饲中成药。BNMA结果显示,AGNH+CWMT组在降低短期病死率、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)和脑血肿周围水肿量方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;SHX+CWMT组在提高总有效率方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;TT+CWMT组在增加格拉斯哥昏迷评分(Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS)方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;YXQN+CWMT组在提高巴塞尔指数(Barthel index,BI)方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P<0.05;NXS+CWMT组在促进脑血肿吸收量方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P>0.05;NXT+CWMT组在缩短平均住院时间方面排第1位,与CWMT组比较P>0.05。结论与CWMT组比较,脑出血术后患者在CWMT基础上联用中成药治疗在提高总有效率,降低病死率、NIHSS评分,提高GCS评分、BI指数方面疗效确切,但在促进血肿吸收和缩短平均住院时间方面差异无统计学意义。AGNH综合疗效较好,可能为治疗ICH术后综合疗效最优的中成药。但由于纳入研究质量和方法学的局限性,所得结论仍需进一步验证。
文摘为提高区域应急响应速度,增强区域内医疗、消防和紧急物资运输等能力,提出一种基于复杂网络理论的航空应急救援站脆弱性分析方法。首先,构建航空应急救援场站脆弱性评价指标体系,将具体分析指标划分为三类:通过资料搜集直接获得的定量计算指标、使用模糊综合评价法进行评价获得的定性评价指标以及借助Pajek工具进行计算得到的网络特性指标;其次,使用集成决策实验室法(decision making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL)对各评价指标的权重进行估计;最后,使用灰度关联分析法综合评价各节点的脆弱性指数。对某地区现有运输机场布局案例进行分析,结果表明:所提方法在充分考虑待选机场的自身应急救援建设条件的基础上,兼顾救援网络中各机场间的互补性和协同作用,为未来的航空应急救援站选址研究提供了一种高效可靠的评价分析方法。