Dynamic analysis of major public health emergency transmission considering the dual-layer coupling of community–resident complex networks

We construct a dual-layer coupled complex network of communities and residents to represent the interconnected risk transmission network between communities and the disease transmission network among residents. It characterizes the process of infectious disease transmission among residents between communities through the SE2IHR model considering two types of infectors. By depicting a more fine-grained social structure and combining further simulation experiments, the study validates the crucial role of various prevention and control measures implemented by communities as primary executors in controlling the epidemic. Research shows that the geographical boundaries of communities and the social interaction patterns of residents have a significant impact on the spread of the epidemic, where early detection, isolation and treatment strategies at community level are essential for controlling the spread of the epidemic. In addition, the study explores the collaborative governance model and institutional advantages of communities and residents in epidemic prevention and control.

Analysis on the Status Quo of the Public Space in Dashiyuan Community in Nanchang City and Its Renewal Strategies from Multiple Perspectives

From the perspective of big data such as Baidu heat map and GIS kernel density analysis,this paper analyzed the gathering situation of residents of Dashiyuan at different times and the use of public service facilities,as well as problems existing in the old community of Dashiyuan in Nanchang City,and put forward targeted recommendations.

Revitalization Design of Public Spaces in Old Residential Communities: a Case Study of Qingshanhu Community in Nanchang City

Public space is an important part of a dty and also a crucial carrier for public activities. During the urban development, the overall environmental quality of old residential communities has degraded gradually for the lack of maintenance and upgrading, its public spaces have failed to satisfy routine needs of residents. To remodel the vitality of public spaces in old residential communities, this paper based on the field investigation of Qingshanhu Community in Nanchang City explored the thoughts of revitalizing public spaces in old residential communities from the aspects of society and material environment, and put forward the strategies of designing vitality of public spaces in old residential communities.

Research on Emergency Design and Renewal Strategy of Public Space in Old Communities Based on Public Health Emergencies:A Case Study of No.4 Courtyard of Luochengtou Community, Handan City

There are a large number of old communities in Chinese cities that urgently need to be updated and upgraded.However,the old community renewal in the past mostly focused on the transformation of physical environment with a single goal.There is a lack of in-depth thinking about the problems presented by the public space in the old communities,and it is necessary to focus on this.The continuous occurrence of public health incidents has increased the pressure on urban development,and old communities have become shortcomings in such incidents.It is a topic worthy to study whether the emergency design update of public spaces can supplement the shortcomings of old communities in public health emergencies.Based on the background of public health emergencies,combined with the theory of resilient cities,the study analyzes the emergency design of public space in the old communities and conducts a research on the renewal strategy,taking the No.4 Courtyard of Luochengtou Community in Handan City as an example.The improvement strategies of management,transportation,structure and space are specifically put forward,in order to provide reference for the emergency design update of old communities.

Micro Renewal of Public Spaces in Communities Surrounding Colleges and Universities

The community located around colleges and universities is a place where university students and community residents engage in production and life together.Due to the influence of colleges and universities,these communities have spontaneously formed various other functions,resulting in the disorderly development of the entire space and a lack of effective guidance and control.With the development of colleges and universities,problems within the community are gradually increasing.These factors affect the spatial quality of the communities,as well as the environmental atmosphere of colleges and universities,and cause damage to the spatial environment of the entire region.By sorting out the issues between universities and surrounding communities,the development of universities is linked with that of communities,and a path of cooperation and win-win development is sought.

Regenerating Communal Place and Housing Rehabilitation:The Building of a Community Public Space in Beijing's Former Socialistic Public Housing Area

The rehabilitation of former socialistic public housing areas is one of the most important challenges to Chinese cities nowadays.In Beijing Chaoyang District,a pilot project for housing rehabilitation has been implemented recently by rebuilding community public space in a former socialistic public housing community.As a small-scale and bottom-up initiative,the project introduced the innovative measures,including resident participation,human-centred design and financing of sharing,in order to regenerate communal place in old housing area.The effects of the project are positive,and the local government has accordingly promoted its successful experiences.Moreover,this latest case of the attempts also offers an opportunity for revealing and rethinking the existing challenges to the housing rehabilitation.

Evaluation of Community Plan Implementation from the Perspective of Public Space: An Empirical Study on the Case of Caoyang-Xincun in Shanghai

Based on related theories on the evaluation of city plan implementation and the empirical study on Caoyang-Xincun, a residential quarter in Shanghai, the paper explores the community plan implementation from the perspective of public space. And with the differences and conformities between the plan's blueprint and the reality as the breakthrough point, the paper points out that in terms of differences, the implementation of the Caoyang-Xincun plan has neglected the construction of public space, which influenced the general quality of public life of the residents, while in terms of conformities, the implementation of the plan has produced a positive impact on current public life in the community.

Toward a Child-Friendly Community:Analytical Framework,Typical Cases,and Strategies

Building a child-friendly community is becoming an important part of the overall blueprint of China’s urban renewal and community development.As the 14 th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)puts forward goals and content friendly to children for the first time,the corresponding theoretical research should be done in time.This research applies the analytical framework of"public spaces-neighborhood relations"and summarizes four types of childfriendly communities:participation for exploration,gathering for communication,spatial absorption,and disassociation.Four communities in the H District of T City are used as typical cases to present the status quo and characteristics of each type.The three major strategies for building a child-friendly community in the future include adding or transforming emotional community infrastructure for children,providing extensive community cultural supplies for children’s gamified participation,and proactively promoting organizational coordination and institutional guarantee for community development.

Community Public Space Planning Guided by Sustainable Development:A Case Study on Wei'an Nanli Residential Area of Tianjin City

The public space of community is not only significant to ensure the quality of residents' daily life but also the important means to realize urban sustainability.It is necessary to bridge the gap between the physical and social development of city in order to build a harmonious and livable city.The sustainable development indicators are very useful tools.The design of the indicators involves the site investigation,and selection and modification of indicators.It can provide guidance to related plans by making scientific decision on the core target of the public space development of community.

Spatial Optimization and Reconstruction of Old Communities under the Background of Aging

As aging becomes increasingly serious,how to make the life of the elderly more convenient and comfortable has become one of the social problems to be solved urgently.Old residential areas are one of spaces where the elderly gather.In this paper,the prominent problems in the community space of existing old residential areas that are not conducive to the life of the elderly were analyzed,and corresponding countermeasures to transform the community space were put forward.It is hoped that public space can play its due value and make old residential areas glow with new vitality.

基于Space L的公共交通网络拓扑结构特性分析

遵循复杂网络建模的一般方法,构建了Space L网络模型。以成都市公共交通网络为例进行了节点度与度分布、平均路径长度、聚集系数、点权和边权等拓扑特征分析。结果表明,在L空间下成都市公交网络的聚集系数大、特征路径长度小,具有典型“小世界特征”;节点度的累积概率分布呈指数变化,表明成都市公交网络是一个随机进化增长网络;从点权边权可以得到高笋塘—火车北站公交站路段可以考虑布局换乘枢纽。基于Space L,从蓄意攻击和随机攻击两个方面分析成都公交网络的鲁棒性,得出保障网络运行安全的关键站点,进而优化城市公交网络和枢纽布局。

基于SNA的城市周边乡村公共空间精准优化研究——以白鹿原地区车村为例

针对城市周边乡村公共空间布局形态与村民需求不匹配的现状,提出“两模型三层级”的乡村公共空间精准优化方法。以西安周边乡村-车村为研究对象,运用社会网络分析法(SNA)构建车村公共空间双层网络模型,即:物质网络模型与村民行为网络模型(两模型)。从“聚落-片区-单点”3个层级(三层级)设计衡量公共空间网络结构特征的相关指标,并通过双层网络模型指标的对比分析,精准定位车村公共空间需要优化提升的要素。最后,基于“社会-空间”互动逻辑,以空间布局形态与村民需求匹配为导向,从聚落布局优化、片区派系完善、单点品质提升三方面提出精准优化策略。

基于GIS的公交换乘网络构建及可达性分析

为了提高公交换乘效率、优化公交系统,基于GIS软件构建公交换乘网络,运用该网络对换乘可达性进行了测度和分析.结合Space-P模型和网络分析法,以拉萨市城关区为研究区域,基于公交线路路径、站点、交叉口等基本信息构建同站换乘子网络.结合公交站点服务范围、步行通道路径、交叉口等信息构建异站换乘子网络.二者协同实现了基于ArcGIS的公交换乘网络构建,并依据该网络对公交线路的乘客在车时间和换乘系数进行测度和分析.结果表明:构建的换乘网络能够对乘客在车时间进行良好的测度,乘客在车时间最大值为68.68 min,最小值为2.00 min,乘客换乘在车时间平均值为29.90 min.该换乘网络能够对换乘系数进行良好的测度,得到有效换乘线路90 300条,换乘系数最大为4条(线路为62条),最小为0条(线路为1 354条).采用可达性度量模型,可实现对公交站点时间可达性和换乘可达性的良好测度和分析.

Promoting Functional Upgrading Through Spatial Renovation: An Exploration on the Design Methods of Old Community Renewal

As urban renewal shifts to more routine community renewal, the design methods of community renewal are faced with new challenges. Considering the existing dilemma faced by old communities and based on the practice of community renewal of different scales in recent years, this paper proposes that the design for community renewal should consider not only the spatial structure of communities at the macro level, but also the needs of daily life at the micro level. It can help efficiently transform the existing space into public space that encourages residents’ participation and promote community vitality, to achieve a humanistic value beyond the physical environment.

基于社会网络分析的城中村公共空间“微改造”研究——以广州园夏村为例

在我国城镇化由高速发展转为高质量发展的背景下,城中村的全面更新已经成为城市建设的迫切需求。将城中村公共空间作为研究对象,采用“社会网络分析”方法,探讨如何将城中村公共空间与城中村居民日常活动结合起来,更加全面地了解城中村居民的实际需求,通过“微改造”的方式来改善城中村居民的生活环境。以广州市园夏村为例,在实地调研的基础上采集人群活动数据,运用社会网络分析方法,借助社会网络分析软件Ucinet及可视化插件Netdraw对城中村公共空间网络进行分析,建构城中村公共空间网络模型,研究公共空间网络和公共生活网络、空间与活动网络匹配度。从而明确存在问题,由此提出针对园夏村公共空间的“微改造”策略,为激活城中村公共空间提供新的思路。

山地城市老旧社区公共空间老年人社交活动特征与可持续更新思路:基于社会网络分析

在人民城市理念背景下,针对山地城市人口老龄化趋势与老旧社区公共空间适老化更新的现实困境,需要更加长期、动态、准确地理解社区老人的社交需求与活动特征,进而结合地方自然、经济和人文特征,提出长效的可持续更新思路。运用社会网络理论和方法,选取山地城市老旧社区特征显著且老龄化严重的重庆市渝中区凉亭子社区为研究区域,以居住在该社区的老年人为研究对象,通过长期实地观察、访谈和对调研数据的分析,厘清各类社群关系下老年人的活动空间分布及活动类型特征,剖析老年社群—社交空间—社交活动的整体关系,进而明确社区公共空间适老化更新的问题与目标,提出因地制宜的可持续社区更新思路。对于突破山地城市老旧社区适老化更新的社区资产认知、持续改善和提升社区公共空间品质、整体构建和谐的社区社群关系具有参考意义。

基于网络评价的乡村红色旅游地公共空间形象感知研究

文章以四个主流旅游网站爬取的网络评价文本为研究数据,运用网络文本分析法中高频词、语义网络和情感分析功能对西柏坡红色景区、陕甘边照金革命根据地和井冈山红色旅游系列景区的公共空间形象感知进行分析。结果表明:游客对红色旅游地形象认知都有相似的心理感受和理解;但不同景区红色文化和自然环境具有差异,游客对红色旅游地形成不同的核心公共空间形象感知;游客形象认知评价主要以积极情感为主,中性和消极情感较低;优良的红色文化公共空间及其特色自然景观、科学的景点布局和组织、具有地域特色的空间形式、体验感强的活动内容和周全的景区配套服务设施是红色旅游地公共空间形象认知的具体因素。

湘西民族村寨公共空间与居游行为关联性研究

湘西作为乡村旅游先行地区,民族村寨建设虽取得较好成效,仍面临着基础设施不健全、旅游环境供给不完善等供需不平衡问题,给公共空间功能的有效发挥带来困境。以湘西典型民族村寨为研究对象,借助社会网络分析方法构建客观空间、村民行为、游客行为网络模型,从村域、局部、单点三个维度对比分析居游行为与公共空间的关联性与影响机制。研究表明,村民、游客与公共空间关联度存在差异性,村民行为活动分散,偏好生产生活、邻里交往空间,与物质承载、社会节点空间关联度较大;游客行为活动较为集中,喜好民族特色显著的公共空间,与文化传承空间关联密切。最后,基于空间行为关联机制,以公共空间形态与村民、游客需求为导向,从村域层面连通性、局部组团凝聚性、节点空间多重性三方面提出优化策略,有助于民族村寨与乡村旅游融合发展。

Understanding spatial structures and organizational patterns of city networks in China: A highway passenger flow perspective

The use of multi-perspective and multi-scalar city networks has gradually developed into a range of critical approaches to understand spatial interactions and linkages. In particular, road linkages represent key characteristics of spatial dependence and distance decay, and are of great significance in depicting spatial relationships at the regional scale. Therefore, based on highway passenger flow data between prefecture-level administrative units, this paper attempted to identify the functional structures and regional impacts of city networks in China, and to further explore the spatial organization patterns of the existing functional regions, aiming to deepen our understanding of city network structures and to provide new cognitive perspectives for ongoing research. The research results lead to four key conclusions. First, city networks that are based on highway flows exhibit strong spatial dependence and hierarchical characteristics, to a large extent spatially coupled with the distributions of major megaregions in China. These phenomena are a reflection of spatial relationships at regional scales as well as core-periphery structure. Second, 19 communities that belong to an important type of spatial configuration are identified through community detection algorithm, and we suggest they are correspondingly urban economic regions within urban China. Their spatial metaphors include the administrative region economy, spatial spillover effects of megaregions, and core-periphery structure. Third, each community possesses a specific city network system and exhibits strong spatial dependence and various spatial organization patterns. Regional patterns have emerged as the result of multi-level, dynamic, and networked characteristics. Fourth, adopting a morphology-based perspective, the regional city network systems can be basically divided into monocentric, dual-nuclei, polycentric, and low-level equilibration spatial structures, while most are developing monocentrically.

社会网络视角下郑州市居住区公共空间的适老化更新研究

【目的】提升城市居住区老年人在公共空间活动的体验。【方法】运用社会网络分析法(SNA),以郑州市绿荫公园居住片区为对象,建立居住区公共空间网络和老年人行为活动网络,通过分析网络的拓扑结构、密度、点度中心性、中间中心性及切点,量化了公共空间的使用效率,揭示节点的分布形态和作用机制。【结果】1)研究区公共空间网络的结构呈巢形,老年人行为网络的结构呈放射形,两者在形态结构上有较大差异。2)通过对比分析,2个网络的整体完备性一般;从均衡性分析,2个网络的中心性节点排序不重合,表示其行为需求与空间供给并不匹配;从脆弱性分析,老年人行为活动网络节点的联系相对更脆弱。【结论】老年人行为活动的中心不是区域公共空间的理想中心,空间对老年人行为的适配力有待进一步提高。基于研究结果及片区现状,提出了疏通路径、联动小区和充实节点3方面建议,为公共空间的设施完善及景观综合提质提供理论依据。