IUKF neural network modeling for FOG temperature drift

A novel neural network based on iterated unscented Kalman filter （IUKF） algorithm is established to model and com- pensate for the fiber optic gyro （FOG） bias drift caused by temperature. In the network, FOG temperature and its gradient are set as input and the FOG bias drift is set as the expected output. A 2-5-1 network trained with IUKF algorithm is established. The IUKF algorithm is developed on the basis of the unscented Kalman filter （UKF）. The weight and bias vectors of the hidden layer are set as the state of the UKF and its process and measurement equations are deduced according to the network architecture. To solve the unavoidable estimation deviation of the mean and covariance of the states in the UKF algorithm, iterative computation is introduced into the UKF after the measurement update. While the measure- ment noise R is extended into the state vectors before iteration in order to meet the statistic orthogonality of estimate and mea- surement noise. The IUKF algorithm can provide the optimized estimation for the neural network because of its state expansion and iteration. Temperature rise （-20-20℃） and drop （70-20℃） tests for FOG are carried out in an attemperator. The temperature drift model is built with neural network, and it is trained respectively with BP, UKF and IUKF algorithms. The results prove that the proposed model has higher precision compared with the back- propagation （BP） and UKF network models.

Optimization of Laser Ablation Technology for PDPhSM Matrix Nanocomposite Thin Film by Artificial Neural Networks-particle Swarm Algorithm

A new thermal ring-opening polymerization technique for 1, 1, 3, 3-tetra-ph enyl-1, 3-disilacyclobutane （TPDC） based on the use of metal nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation was investigated. This method facilitates the synthesis of polydiphenysilylenemethyle （PDPhSM） thin film, which is difficult to make by conventional methods because of its insolubility and high melting point. TPDC was first evaporated on silicon substrates and then exposed to metal nanoparticles deposition by pulsed laser ablation prior to heat treatment.The TPDC films with metal nanoparticles were heated in an electric furnace in air atmosphere to induce ring-opening polymerization of TPDC. The film thicknesses before and after polymerization were measured by a stylus profilometer. Since the polymerization process competes with re-evaporation of TPDC during the heating, the thickness ratio of the polymer to the monomer was defined as the polymerization efficiency, which depends greatly on the technology conditions. Therefore, a well trained radial base function neural network model was constructed to approach the complex nonlinear relationship. Moreover, a particle swarm algorithm was firstly introduced to search for an optimum technology directly from RBF neural network model. This ensures that the fabrication of thin film with appropriate properties using pulsed laser ablation requires no in-depth understanding of the entire behavior of the technology conditions.

EFFECT OF COLD WORKING ON THE AGING PROPERTIES OF Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg ALLOY BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

A developmental research has been carried out to deal with the high performance of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg lead frame alloy by artificial neural network (ANN). Using the cold working to assist in the aging hardening can improve the the hardness and electrical conductivity properties of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg lead frame alloy. This paper studies the effect of different extent of cold working on the aging properties by a supervised ANN to model the non-linear relationship between processing parameters and the properties. The back-propagation (BP) training algorithm is improved by Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. A basic repository on the domain knowledge of cold worked aging processes is established via sufficient data mining by the network. The predicted values of the ANN coincide well with the tested data. So an important foundation has been laid for prediction and optimum controlling the rolling and aging properties of Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy.

Sound Quality Prediction of Vehicle Interior Noise under Multiple Working Conditions Using Back-Propagation Neural Network Model

This paper presents a back-propagation neural network model for sound quality prediction (BPNN-SQP) of multiple working conditions’ vehicle interior noise. According to the standards and regulations, four kinds of vehicle interior noises under operating conditions, including idle, constant speed, accelerating and braking, are acquired. The objective psychoacoustic parameters and subjective annoyance results are respectively used as the input and output of the BPNN-SQP model. With correlation analysis and significance test, some psychoacoustic parameters, such as loudness, A-weighted sound pressure level, roughness, articulation index and sharpness, are selected for modeling. The annoyance values of unknown noise samples estimated by the BPNN-SQP model are highly correlated with the subjective annoyances. Conclusion can be drawn that the proposed BPNN-SQP model has good generalization ability and can be applied in sound quality prediction of vehicle interior noise under multiple working conditions.

Residential Community Open-Up Strategy Based on Prim’s Algorithm and Neural Network Algorithm

“Open community” has aroused widespread concern and research. This paper focuses on the system analysis research of the problem that based on statistics including the regression equation fitting function and mathematical theory, combined with the actual effect of camera measurement method, Prim’s algorithm and neural network to “Open community” and the applicable conditions. Research results show that with the increasing number of roads within the district, the benefit time gradually increased, but each type of district capacity is different.

Research on Feasibility of Top-Coal Caving Based on Neural Network Technique

Based on the neural network technique, this paper proposes a BP neural network model which integrates geological factors which affect top coal caving in a comprehensive index. The index of top coal caving may be used to forecast the mining cost of working faces, which shows the model’s potential prospect of applications.

An Intelligent System for Recognition of the Work Wave of an EC Engine Based on a Neural Network

This paper introduces the principle for recognition of engine work wave signal with neural network. A diagnosis method for recognizing engine trouble by its work wave is proposed. The designing process is illustrated by diagnosing the voltage trouble of the fuel injector of an electronic control (EC) engine.

基于混合神经网络的多维视觉传感信号模式分类

传感器采集的数字信号分类精度差,导致关键信息的丢失。为了提高传感数据的可靠性和有效性,提出基于混合神经网络的多维视觉传感信号模式分类方法。结合卷积神经网络(CNN)、循环神经网络(RNN)构建混合神经网络,以更有效地表示多维视觉数据中的特征;其中,卷积神经网络负责对多维的空间信号进行去噪处理并提取特征;循环神经网络负责对时域和频域信号进行特征提取;混合神经网络通过联合训练CNN和RNN各自的参数,以调整其权重,并且结合两者从不同层级提取的特征来实现多维视觉传感信号模式的分类。仿真结果表明,使用所提方法进行分类时,信号光滑度保持在0.9以上,传感信号分类结果与实际结果拟合度较高,有效实现多维视觉传感信号模式分类。

基于FMCW雷达的人体生命体征信号预测算法

将FMCW雷达检测到的人体生命体征信号,用于预测未来一段时间内人体生命体征信号是否异常,具有明显的应用价值。该方向当前研究主要针对如何进一步降低重构误差、提升生命体征信号的预测精度。为此,本文提出一种自适应变分模态分解-长短期记忆神经网络的生命体征信号预测方法。针对静止状态下的人体,通过雷达采集到的生命体征信号,采用粒子群算法优化变分模态分解VMD的模态分量个数K和惩罚系数α的值,实现自适应选取后用于VMD分解,再将分解后的模态分量进行叠加重构。采用粒子群算法优化长短期记忆网络模型中的网络层数、学习率、正则化系数等3个参数,自适应选取合适的参数组合,将重构后的信号通过优化后的LSTM网络进行预测。实验结果显示本文所提预测方法在10位志愿者的预测结果与原始数据的均方根误差平均值为0.017 188 9,平均绝对误差的平均值为0.007 158,相较于当前其他研究,预测精度上有明显提升。

融合信息瓶颈与图卷积的跨域推荐算法

基于迁移学习的跨域推荐可以有效地学习连接源域和目标域的映射函数,但其性能仍然受到表征质量不高和负迁移问题的影响,不能有效地为冷启动用户进行推荐,为此提出了一种融合信息瓶颈与图卷积网络的跨域推荐模型(IBGC)。利用图卷积神经网络聚合有关联的用户-用户和项目-项目信息;利用注意力机制学习用户和项目偏好,以提高节点特征表示质量;考虑到两个领域的信息交互,将重叠用户进行嵌入表示的同时限制特定信息的编码,利用信息瓶颈理论设计了三种正则化器,以捕获域内和跨域用户-项目的相关性,并将不同领域的重叠用户表征对齐以解决负迁移问题。在Amazon数据集中的四对公开数据集上进行实验,实验结果表明该模型在MRR、HR@K和NDCG@K三个推荐性能指标上的表现均优于基线模型,在四对数据集上与最优对比基线模型相比,MRR平均提升34.36%,HR@10平均提升34.94%,NDCG@10平均提升36.83%,证明了IBGC模型的有效性。

基于多神经网络的可展开网状天线型面调整方法

为在提高可展开网状天线型面精度的同时减少型面调整的工作量,提出了一种基于多神经网络的型面调整方法。通过分析新型张拉网状天线型面与调整索相关性与耦合机制,首次提出了型面调整策略。以10m口径的新型张拉网状天线为例进行了数值仿真研究,调整后型面的均方根值从5.4×10^(-3)m降低到1.1×10^(-3)m,从而验证了方法的有效性。

不同神经类型大学生工作记忆的特点及神经机制

为探讨不同神经类型大学生工作记忆加工的特点,用80-8神经类型量表筛选灵活型、安静型、兴奋型和抑制型四组典型的神经类型大学生并让其完成ERP版的N-back任务。结果发现灵活型大学生的正确率显著高于兴奋型和抑制型;在任务所诱发的P3波幅上,灵活型被试大于抑制型,在P3的潜伏期上不同类型之间无差异。说明灵活型个体与抑制型个体之间的差异不是来源于工作记忆加工的匹配子任务阶段,而是由于工作记忆的刷新子任务上,灵活型个体比抑制型个体加工能力更强。

基于贝叶斯神经网络的相位梯度计算方法

应变重构是相衬光学相干层析力学性能表征中的关键步骤,其需要准确计算出差分包裹相位的梯度分布。为了能够解决强噪声干扰下的相位梯度重构信噪比低的难题,提出了一种基于贝叶斯神经网络的相位梯度计算方法。首先,通过计算机模拟不同散斑噪声等级下的包裹相位图,并生成相应的理想相位梯度,以构建网络的训练集。其次,基于网络训练集采用贝叶斯推断理论学习强噪声环境下的包裹相位与相位梯度的“端到端”映射关系。最后,将相衬光学相干层析测量的差分包裹相位结果送入贝叶斯神经网络进行处理,实现高信噪比相位梯度预测。此外,通过借助贝叶斯神经网络的统计特性,以模型不确定度来定量评估相位梯度预测结果的可靠性。通过数值实验和三点弯曲力学加载实验对比分析了本文方法和主流矢量方法的性能。实验结果表明:在噪声较小的条件下,本文方法重构的相位梯度信噪比可提升8%;在噪声较强条件下,本文方法能成功恢复因相位条纹难以分辨而无法计算的相位梯度。此外,模型不确定度能够定量分析网络的相位梯度预测误差。可以预见,在样品形变复杂且先验信息未知的条件下,本工作为相衬光学相干层析提供了一种有效的应变重构方法,从而能实现高质量和高可靠的内部力学性能表征。

针对图像分类的鲁棒物理域对抗伪装

深度学习模型对对抗样本表现出脆弱性.作为一种对现实世界深度系统更具威胁性的攻击形式,物理域对抗样本近年来受到了广泛的研究关注.现有方法大多利用局部对抗贴片噪声在物理域实现对图像分类模型的攻击,然而二维贴片在三维空间的攻击效果将由于视角变化而不可避免地下降.为了解决这一问题,所提Adv-Camou方法利用空间组合变换来实时生成任意视角及变换背景的训练样本,并最小化预测类与目标类交叉熵损失,使模型输出指定错误类别.此外,所建立的仿真三维场景能公平且可重复地评估不同的攻击.实验结果表明,Adv-Camou生成的一体式对抗伪装可在全视角欺骗智能图像分类器,在三维仿真场景比多贴片拼接纹理平均有目标攻击成功率高出25%以上,对Clarifai商用分类系统黑盒有目标攻击成功率达42%,此外3D打印模型实验在现实世界平均攻击成功率约为66%,展现出先进的攻击性能.

基于CNN计算局部复杂度的可逆信息隐藏算法

在可逆信息隐藏领域,选择较小的预测误差有助于减少信息嵌入过程引起的失真.现有选择方法主要计算预测误差的局部复杂度,将信息嵌入到局部复杂度小的预测误差中.这些局部复杂度计算方法只使用部分相邻像素计算局部复杂度,且计算方法与预测部分使用的预测器无关,因此其选择性能有待提高.本文提出了一种基于CNN的局部复杂度计算方法LCCN,该方法与预测部分的预测器相关,可以使用更多的相邻像素计算局部复杂度,提高局部复杂度与预测误差的相似性.与现有的局部复杂度计算方法相比,所提LCCN利用了CNN的多感受野特性和深度学习的全局优化能力,能使用更多相邻像素计算局部复杂度,从而选择更多数值较小的预测误差,提高嵌入算法性能.此外,我们还提出了一种适用于LCCN的两阶段RDH方案,该方案可以将LCCN应用于多种嵌入方法.实验结果表明,与现有的几种局部复杂度计算方法相比,本文所提方法在标准测试图像和Kodak数据集上嵌入性能更好,在基于LPVO的嵌入技术中,本文所提LCCN模型嵌入10000bits后图像Lena的PSNR为62.09dB,分别高于LV、FV、EE和LAE算法1.05dB、1.02dB、0.78dB和0.90dB.与现有的先进RDH算法比较,本文所提LCCN模型在不同图像上均取得较好效果.

水星可照时间与搜索半径影响因素研究

采用光线追踪算法模拟起伏地形下的可照时间时,随着对地形遮蔽状况进行搜索的半径不同将直接影响到可照时间计算的准确性与高效性.本研究基于DEM数据,针对水星独特的轨道运动特征,太阳高度角随水星运动变化缓慢的特点,研究了水星2种典型地貌下不同太阳高度角的搜索半径和基于搜索半径的平均可照时间变化状况.同时构建了以5种影响搜索半径与可照时间的因子作为输入变量,分别以搜索半径与平均可照时间作为输出变量的BP神经网络.模型通过了检验,5种影响因子与搜索半径影响的显著性由高到低:太阳高度角>高程标准差>地形开阔度平均值>地形起伏度>地表粗糙度平均值;与平均可照时间影响的显著性由高到低:太阳高度角>高程标准差>地表粗糙度平均值>地形开阔度平均值>地形起伏度.该模型可为计算水星最搜索半径以及可照时间提供参考.

基于神经网络的虚拟人姿态仿真方法

在制造业中,对工人工作姿势进行人体工程学评估对于预防肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)是一项重要的工作。针对传统MSD评估方法存在的虚拟人作业姿态调整真实性不足、调整效率低等问题,提出一种虚拟人作业姿态的仿真方法。首先,建立了基于6D旋转的虚拟人骨架模型;其次,设计了一种基于编码器-解码器架构,使用循环神经网络(RNN)和注意力机制(AM)的虚拟人关节旋转生成模型,对虚拟人各关节姿态进行求解;然后,基于平衡性方法对虚拟人姿态生成进行迭代,生成虚拟人搬运姿态;最后,根据快速上肢分析(RULA)得分对姿态进行筛选,得到虚拟人最终姿态。所提方法生成的虚拟人作业姿态与作业人员实际操作姿态平均关节角度的误差为5.79°,RULA得分准确率为85.4%,表现出较好的实用性。

基于CNN-GRU的阻拦装置受阻对象撞索速度软测量

阻拦装置作为受阻对象安全拦停的重要保障,无法实时获取受阻对象撞索速度。针对该问题,提出了新的CNN-GRU软测量模型。首先,针对阻拦装置的数据特点将序列扩充为三维矩阵;然后,将通道注意力机制与残差模块结合,用于挖掘序列特征、降低数据维度;最后,将提取的特征重新转换为序列并通过门控循环单元推理受阻对象撞索速度。实验证明,该方法在阻拦装置受阻对象撞索速度软测量中具有较高的准确率。

面向手过头任务的残差神经网络肌肉疲劳预测模型

目的 探讨手过头任务中上肢关节角度与肌肉疲劳之间的关系,并构建了一种基于残差神经网络(residual neural networks, ResNet)的肌肉疲劳预测模型。方法 通过模拟不同作业姿势和不同操作面下的钻孔试验,测量了肌肉最大自主收缩力、最大耐受时间、最大剩余肌力和主观疲劳评分。将测量后数据进行数据处理作为ResNet预测模型的输入,构建残差神经网络模型,以预测肌肉疲劳水平。结果 ResNet模型具有出色的预测精度,均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)为0.028,相较于传统的BP神经网络(RMSE=0.053)和MLP多层感知器神经网络(RMSE=0.059),其误差更小,拟合更好。结论 提出的残差神经网络肌肉疲劳预测模型能够有效准确地预测肌肉疲劳,为提高工作效率、减少工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病风险提供了有力支持。

基于卷积神经网络的白酒上甑探汽方法

针对白酒“探汽上甑”工艺在实现自动化过程中出现的探汽准确率低的问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的探汽方法。通过红外热成像仪采集甑锅内酒醅表面的红外图像并做预处理,再结合上甑工艺特点将图像分类,利用卷积神经网络训练得到探汽模型。训练结果表明,AlexNet、VGGNet⁃16、GoogLeNet、ResNet⁃18、DenseNet⁃37的探汽准确率分别为0.9970、0.9980、0.9942、0.9898、0.9970,综合考虑选用DenseNet⁃37做模型评估,测试集测试的精确率为0.9970,召回率为0.9970,F1分数为0.9969,表示该模型性能表现好,故能满足探汽上甑要求。