Correlation between cerebral neurotransmitters levels by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction is the main manifestation of central neuropathy.Although cognitive impairments tend to be overlooked in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM),there is a growing body of evidence linking DM to cognitive dysfunction.Hyperglycemia is closely related to neurological abnormalities,while often disregarded in clinical practice.Changes in cerebral neurotransmitter levels are associated with a variety of neurological abnormalities and may be closely related to blood glucose control in patients with type 2 DM(T2DM).AIM To evaluate the concentrations of cerebral neurotransmitters in T2DM patients exhibiting different hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels.METHODS A total of 130 T2DM patients were enrolled at the Department of Endocrinology of Shanghai East Hospital.The participants were divided into four groups according to their HbA1c levels using the interquartile method,namely Q1(<7.875%),Q2(7.875%-9.050%),Q3(9.050%-11.200%)and Q4(≥11.200%).Clinical data were collected and measured,including age,height,weight,neck/waist/hip circumferences,blood pressure,comorbidities,duration of DM,and biochemical indicators.Meanwhile,neurotransmitters in the left hippocampus and left brainstem area were detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.RESULTS The HbA1c level was significantly associated with urinary microalbumin(mALB),triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),and beta cell function(HOMA-β),N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr),and NAA/choline(NAA/Cho).Spearman correlation analysis showed that mALB,LDL-C,HOMA-IR and NAA/Cr in the left brainstem area were positively correlated with the level of HbA1c(P<0.05),whereas HOMA-βwas negatively correlated with the HbA1c level(P<0.05).Ordered multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NAA/Cho[Odds ratio(OR):1.608,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.004-2.578,P<0.05],LDL-C(OR:1.627,95%CI:1.119-2.370,P<0.05),and HOMA-IR(OR:1.107,95%CI:1.031-1.188,P<0.01)were independent predictors of poor glycemic control.CONCLUSION The cerebral neurotransmitter concentrations in the left brainstem area in patients with T2DM are closely related to glycemic control,which may be the basis for the changes in cognitive function in diabetic patients.

The bio-active components of the Mongolian medicine Horcha-6 and therapeutic mechanism in the rat migraine model

Background:The active components of Horcha-6 were identified using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.Also,we investigated the potential mechanisms that explain why Horcha-6 may be effective in treating migraines through the use of network pharmacology and a rat migraine model.Methods:After identifying the active components of Horcha-6,the corresponding genes of the active components’target were obtained from the Universal Protein database,and a“compound-target-disease”network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.For the in vivo experiments,nitroglycerin was injected intraperitoneally into rats to create a migraine model.Pre-treatment with Horcha-6 was administered orally for 14 days,and rats were subjected to migraine-related behavior tests.RNA sequencing was performed to identify the gene expression regulated by Horcha-6 in the trigeminal nerve.Results:A total of 903 chemical components of Horcha-6 have been collected in the liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.We discovered 55 of the Horcha-6 bio-active components that were evaluated based on their Percent Human Oral Absorption(≥30%)and DL values(≥0.185)on the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database.The“compound-target-disease”network contained 163 intersection targets with the migraine state.Gene Ontology analysis indicated that these components significantly regulated the immune response,vascular function,oxidative stress,etc.When Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis was performed,we observed that most of the target genes were significantly enriched in the inflammation and neuro-related signaling pathway,toll-like receptor signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,etc.These predictions were further demonstrated via in vivo animal model experiments.The RNA sequencing results showed that 41 genes were down-regulated(P<0.05)and 86 genes were up-regulated(P<0.05)in the Horcha-6 treated group compared with the untreated group.Those genes were mainly involved in neuromodulation,vascular function,and hormone metabolism.Conclusion:The 55 bio-active components in Horcha-6 regulate inflammation,hormone metabolism,and neurotransmitters and have potential as a therapy to treat migraines.

Predictive Effect of CA125 on Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Objective: To study the expression of CA125 in the serum of patients with CHF and the relationship between CA125 level and the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events. Methods: The clinical data of 132 patients with CHF admitted to Shizuishan Second People’s Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were collected and divided into heart function II group, heart function III group, heart function IV group according to cardiac function. 44 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The clinical data of CA125, NT-proBNP, echocardiography and other clinical data of the four groups were compared, and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was followed up for 12 months. Results: Compared with the control group, the CA125 level in the CHF group was significantly increased (P Conclusion: Serum CA125 level is related to the cardiac function level in CHF patients and increases with the deterioration of cardiac function. The increase of the index is related to the mortality rate and re-hospitalization rate, suggesting that CA125 can be used as an indicator to reflect the severity of heart failure and prognosis monitoring.

Effect of zopiclone combined with Deanxit on cytokines and neurotransmitters in patients with poststroke depression

Objective: To explore the effect of zopiclone combined with Deanxit on cytokines and neurotransmitters in patients with poststroke depression. Methods: A total of 78 patients with poststroke depression who were treated in Zaozhuang Mining Group Dongjiao Hospital between January 2015 and February 2017 were divided into control group (n=41, receiving conventional Deanxit therapy) and zopiclone group (n=37, receiving zopiclone combined with Deanxit therapy). The differences in serum nerve injury marker, inflammatory cytokine and monoamine neurotransmitter levels were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: Before treatment, serum levels of nerve injury markers, inflammatory cytokines and monoamine neurotransmitters were not significantly different between the two groups. After 12 weeks of treatment, serum nerve injury markers NSE and S100B levels of zopiclone group were lower than those of control group whereas BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-23 and TNF-α levels of zopiclone group were lower than those of control group;serum monoamine neurotransmitters NE, 5-HT and DA levels of zopiclone group were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Zopiclone combined with Deanxit therapy can effectively optimize the neurological function, reduce the inflammatory response and increase the secretion of monoamine neurotransmitters in patients with poststroke depression.

Neuro faces of beneficial T cells:essential in brain,impaired in aging and neurological diseases,and activated functionally by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides

T cells are essential for a healthy life,performing continuously:immune surveillance,recognition,protection,activation,suppression,assistance,eradication,secretion,adhesion,migration,homing,communications,and additional tasks.This paper describes five aspects of normal beneficial T cells in the healthy or diseased brain.First,normal beneficial T cells are essential for normal healthy brain functions:cognition,spatial learning,memory,adult neurogenesis,and neuroprotection.T cells decrease secondary neuronal degeneration,increase neuronal survival after central nervous system(CNS) injury,and limit CNS inflammation and damage upon injury and infection.Second,while pathogenic T cells contribute to CNS disorders,recent studies,mostly in animal models,show that specific subpopulations of normal beneficial T cells have protective and regenerative effects in seve ral neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.These include M ultiple Sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS),stro ke,CNS trauma,chronic pain,and others.Both T cell-secreted molecules and direct cell-cell contacts deliver T cell neuroprotective,neuro regenerative and immunomodulato ry effects.Third,normal beneficial T cells are abnormal,impaired,and dysfunctional in aging and multiple neurological diseases.Different T cell impairments are evident in aging,brain tumors(mainly Glioblastoma),seve re viral infections(including COVID-19),chro nic stress,major depression,schizophrenia,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,ALS,MS,stro ke,and other neuro-pathologies.The main detrimental mechanisms that impair T cell function are activation-induced cell death,exhaustion,senescence,and impaired T cell stemness.Fo urth,several physiological neurotransmitters and neuro peptides induce by themselves multiple direct,potent,beneficial,and therapeutically-relevant effects on normal human T cells,via their receptors in T cells.This scientific field is called "Nerve-Driven Immunity".The main neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that induce directly activating and beneficial effects on naive normal human T cells are:dopamine,glutamate,GnRH-Ⅱ,neuropeptide Y,calcitonin gene-related peptide,and somatostatin.Fifth, "Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy".This is a novel unique cellular immunotherapy,based on the "Nerve-Driven Immunity" findings,which was recently designed and patented for safe and repeated rejuvenation,activation,and improvement of impaired and dysfunctional T cells of any person in need,by ex vivo exposure of the person’s T cells to neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.Personalized adoptive neuro-immunotherapy includes an early ex vivo personalized diagnosis,and subsequent ex vivo in vivo personalized adoptive therapy,tailo red according to the diagnosis.The Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy has not yet been tested in humans,pending validation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials,especially in brain tumors,chronic infectious diseases,and aging,in which T cells are exhausted and/or senescent and dysfunctional.

Relationship of serum neurotransmitters with anxiety depression, T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with lung cancer chemotherapy

Objective:To study the relationship of serum neurotransmitters with anxiety depression, T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with lung cancer chemotherapy.Methods: 56 cases of patients with advanced lung cancer who received chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College between July 2013 and August 2016 were collected as observation group, and 50 healthy subjects who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as normal control group. Serum neurotransmitter, negative emotions and immune index levels were compared between the two groups of subjects. Pearson test was used to evaluate the relationship of serum neurotransmitter contents with negative emotions and immune index levels in patients with lung cancer chemotherapy. Results: Serum neurotransmitters DA, 5-HT and NE contents in observation group were lower than those in normal control group;SAS and SDS scores were higher than those of normal control group;peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte level, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and NK cell level were lower than those in normal control group while CD8+ T lymphocyte level was higher than that in normal control group. Pearson test showed that serum neurotransmitters DA, 5-HT and NE contents in patients with lung cancer chemotherapy were directly correlated with anxiety depression, T lymphocyte subset and NK cell levels.Conclusion: Serum neurotransmitter expression decrease in patients with lung cancer chemotherapy, and this is one of the important causes of anxiety depression and immune dysfunction in patients.

Effects of dexzopiclone and estazolam on neurotransmitters, nerve cytokines and stress states in patients with insomnia after stroke

Objective:To study the effects of dexzopiclone and estazolam on neurotransmitters, nerve cytokines and stress states in patients with insomnia after stroke.Methods: The patients with insomnia after stroke who were treated in Linyi Rongjun Hospital between March 2015 and October 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into dexzopiclone group and estazolam group. The levels of neurotransmitters, nerve cytokines and stress indexes in serum were measured before treatment as well as 14 days and 28 days after treatment.Results: Compared with those before treatment, serum Glu,γ-GABA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, BDNF and NGF levels of both groups significantly increased whereas NE, TNF-α, IL-6, ATCH, Cor, CRP, SOD and GSH levels significantly decreased after treatment, and serum Glu,γ-GABA, 5-HT, 5-HIAA, BDNF and NGF levels of dexzopiclone group after treatment were higher than those of estazolam group whereas NE, TNF-α, IL-6, ATCH, Cor, CRP, SOD and GSH levels were lower than those of estazolam group.Conclusion:Dexzopiclone is more effective than estazolam to regulate the secretion of neurotransmitters and nerve cytokines and reduce the stress state in patients with insomnia after stroke.

Effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency

Objective: To explore the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency. Methods: A total of 98 depression patients with suicidal tendency who were treated in the hospital between August 2014 and August 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=49) and the research group (n=49) by random number table. Control group received routine drug therapy, and study group received dialectical behavior therapy combined with drug therapy. The differences in serum levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, nerve function indexes and acute phase proteins were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: After treatment, serum NE, 5-HT and DA levels of research group were higher than those of control group;serum MBP and NSE levels of research group were lower than those of control group while BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum Tf level of research group was higher than that of control group while Hp level was lower than that of control group. Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy intervention can effectively optimize the nerve function and improve the overall state of depression patients with suicidal tendency.

Effect of adjuvant acupuncture therapy on serum cytokines and neurotransmitters in patients with post-stroke depression

Objective:To study the effect of adjuvant acupuncture therapy on serum cytokines and neurotransmitters in patients with post-stroke depression.Methods: Patients with poststroke depression who were treated in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yuyang District Yulin City between May 2014 and February 2017 were selected as the research subjects and divided into two groups by random number table, control group of patients received neurotrophy, rehabilitation exercise, antidepressant drugs and other symptomatic treatment, and the acupuncture group received auxiliary acupuncture treatment on the basis of symptomatic treatment. The serum levels of nerve cytokines, inflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters were detected before treatment as well as 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment.Results: 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment, serum BDNF, NGF, IGF-1, FGF-2, NE, DA and 5-HT levels of both groups of patients were higher than those before treatment while HCY, IL-1β, IL-2, sIL-2R, TNF-α levels were lower than those before treatment, and serum BDNF, NGF, IGF-1, FGF-2, NE, DA and 5-HT levels of acupuncture group were higher than those of control group while HCY, IL-1β, IL-2, sIL-2R, TNF-α levels were lower than those of control group.Conclusion: Adjuvant acupuncture therapy for post-stroke depression can increase the secretion of nerve cytokines, reduce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and regulate the function of monoamine neurotransmitters.

Effect of anxiety and depression on serum neurotransmitters and immune function in patients with cervical cancer chemotherapy

Objective:To study the effect of anxiety and depression on serum neurotransmitters and immune function in patients with cervical cancer chemotherapy.Methods:Patients with advanced cervical cancer who received chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College between May 2014 and June 2016 were selected, HAMA scores and HAMD scores were used to assess anxiety and depression and divide the patients into control group, depression group, anxiety group and depression + anxiety group. The contents of monoamine neurotransmitters and immune cytokines in serum as well as the expression of immune transcription factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected.Results:Serum NE, E, 5-HT, 5-HIAA and DOPAC contents of depression group and depression + anxiety group were significantly lower than those of control group, and serum NE, E, 5-HT, 5-HIAA and DOPAC contents of anxiety group were significantly higher than those of control group;peripheral blood T-bet mRNA expression as well as serum IFN-γ and TNF-α contents of depression group, anxiety group and depression + anxiety group were significantly lower than those of control group while GATA3, Foxp3 and RORγt mRNA expression as well as serum IL-4, TGF-β and IL-17 contents were significantly higher than those of control group;peripheral blood T-bet mRNA expression as well as serum IFN-γ and TNF-α contents of depression + anxiety group were significantly lower than those of depression group and anxiety group while GATA3, Foxp3 and RORγt mRNA expression as well as serum IL-4, TGF-β and IL-17 contents were significantly higher than those of depression group and anxiety group. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression in patients with cervical cancer chemotherapy can affect the secretion of monoamine neurotransmitters, the differentiation of CD4+T cell subsets and the antitumor immune response mediated by them.

Effect of mild hypothermia intervention on the nerve injury as well as neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators in patients with acute craniocerebral injury

Objective: To explore the effect of mild hypothermia intervention on the nerve injury as well as neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators in patients with acute craniocerebral injury. Methods: A total of 700 patients with acute craniocerebral injury who were treated in Lueyang People's Hospital between March 2014 and March 2017 were collected and divided into routine group (n=350) and mild hypothermia group (n=350) by random number table. Routine group accepted craniotomy evacuation of hematoma, and mild hypothermia group accepted mild hypothermia intervention on the basis of craniotomy evacuation of hematoma. The differences in the serum contents of nerve injury-related indexes, amino acid neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum levels of nerve injury-related indexes, amino acid neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators between the two groups. After treatment, serum nerve injury-related indexes NSE, S100B, Nogo-A and MBP levels of mild hypothermia group were lower than those of routine group;serum amino acid neurotransmitters Asp and Glu levels of mild hypothermia group were lower than those of routine group while GABA level was higher than that of routine group;serum inflammatory mediators HMGB1, IL-8 and TNF-α levels of mild hypothermia group were lower than those of routine group. Conclusion: Early mild hypothermia intervention can effectively relieve the nerve injury in patients with acute craniocerebral injury and exert positive neuroprotective effect.

Changes in neurotransmitter levels,brain structural characteristics,and their correlation with PANSS scores in patients with firstepisode schizophrenia

BACKGROUND In patients with schizophrenia,the brain structure and neurotransmitter levels change,which may be related to the occurrence and progression of this disease.AIM To explore the relationships between changes in neurotransmitters,brain structural characteristics,and the scores of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS)in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.METHODS The case group comprised 97 patients with schizophrenia,who were evaluated using the Canadian Neurological Scale and confirmed by laboratory tests at Ningbo Mental Hospital from January 2020 to July 2022.The control group comprised 100 healthy participants.For all participants,brain structural characteristics were explored by measuring brain dopamine(DA),glutamic acid(Glu),and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)levels,with magnetic resonance imaging.The case group was divided into negative and positive symptom subgroups using PANSS scores for hierarchical analysis.Linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between neurotransmitters,brain structural character istics,and PANSS scores.RESULTS Patients in the case group had higher levels of DA and lower levels of Glu and GABA,greater vertical and horizontal distances between the corpus callosum and the inferior part of the fornix and larger ventricle area than patients in the control group(P<0.05).Patients with positive schizophrenia symptoms had significantly higher levels of DA,Glu,and GABA than those with negative symptoms(P<0.05).In patients with positive schizophrenia symptoms,PANSS score was significantly positively correlated with DA,vertical and horizontal distances between the corpus callosum and the infrafornix,and ventricular area,and was significantly negatively correlated with Glu and GABA(P<0.05).In patients with negative schizophrenia symptoms,PANSS score was significantly positively correlated with DA,vertical distance between the corpus callosum and the infrafornix,horizontal distance between the corpus callosum and the infrafornix,and ventricular area,and was significantly negatively correlated with Glu and GABA(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with first-episode schizophrenia,DA levels increased,Glu and GABA levels decreased,the thickness of the corpus callosum increased,and these variables were correlated with PANSS scores.

肠道菌群影响阿尔茨海默病病理机制的研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种渐进性神经退行性病变,目前其发病机制尚未明晰。新近研究发现,肠道菌群可通过影响中枢神经系统功能而影响宿主的认知与行为,可能是治疗神经退行性疾病的重要靶标。肠道菌群稳态失调与肠壁生理屏障破坏可诱发外周系统炎症反应,通过介导神经递质及菌群分泌物等生理活性物质的释放而影响神经发生、神经元间的信号通讯,导致中枢神经发生炎症反应,协同作用加剧神经损伤进程,推动AD病理发展。因此,深入探究肠道菌群稳态失调影响AD发生发展的可能机制可为防治和缓解AD提供新的视角,为促进健康老龄化提供新策略。

Effects of a Combination of Fu Zi and Rou Gui on Intestinal Neurotransmitters and Microflora in Rats with Slow Transit Constipation

[Objectives] This study was carried out to explore the combined effects of Fu Zi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata, the secondary root of perennial herbaceous plant Acontium carmichaeli Dehx. of family Ranunculaceae) and Rou Gui(Cortex Cinnamomi, the bark of Cinnamamunz cassia Presl of family Lauraceae) on intestinal neurotransmitters and microflora in rats with slow transit constipation(STC). [Methods] Experimental rats were given loperamide hydrochloride by gavage to induce STC, and then treated with Fu Zi alone, Rou Gui alone, a combination of Fu Zi and Rou Gui(2:1 w/w), and prucalopride, respectively, for 14 days. Meanwhile, the general condition, the time to first black stool and the rate of intestinal propulsion of rats in each group were observed after STC was induced and after drug treatment, and the pathological changes in rat colon were observed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, and the levels of colonic 5-hydroxytryptamine(HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) and substance P(SP) were detected by ELISA, and the changes in intestinal flora were detected by 16S rRNA Real-time PCR. [Results] Compared with healthy rats, the time to first black stool and the rate of intestinal propulsion, colonic 5-HT and SP levels significantly decreased(p<0.01), while their colonic VIP level significantly increased(p<0.01). Compared with STC rats, the time to first black stool, the rate of intestinal propulsion, colonic 5-HT and SP levels in Fu Zi-Rou Gui(2:1) treated rats and prucalopride treated rats significantly increased(p<0.01), while their colonic VIP level significantly decreased(p<0.01). There was no significant difference in alpha diversity between healthy rats and STC rats. However, analysis on beta diversity revealed that there were differences in microflora structure and composition between them. Compared with healthy rats, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in STC rats significantly increased, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased. Compared with STC rats, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased and that of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes increased in Fu Zi-Rou Gui(2:1) treated rats;the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria decreased while that of Firmicutes increased in Fu Zi treated rats;the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased while that of Bacteroidetes increased in Rou Gui treated rats;the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria decreased while that of Bacteroidetes increased in prucalopride treated rats. The intestinal flora in rats of all groups was dominated by Lactobacillus spp. and other genera of anaerobic bacteria. Compared with healthy rats, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium spp. in STC rats decreased, while those of Blautia spp. and Ruminococcus spp. and Allobaculum spp. increased. Compared with STC rats, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in all rats treated with drugs increased. [Conclusions] The combination of Fu Zi and Rou Gui(2:1) can effectively improve intestinal motility in STC rats by regulating intestinal microbial community and the levels of colonic neurotransmitters.

Mediating effect of acarbose on neurotransmitters in mental disorders: a review

Acarbose is used to control postpran-dial blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance,since it improves insulin resistance and reduces blood lipids and cardiovascular complications.However,in recent years,many studies have found that acarbose can mediate and regulate a variety of neurotransmitter-related diseases,although the mechanisms are not clear.Therefore,this paper analyzes the clinical effect of acarbose and its mediating effect on neurotransmitters of mental disorders through insulin,braingut axis,and calorie restriction,to provide a reference for the new clinical applications of acarbose.

低频经颅磁刺激联合早期康复训练在伴智力低下孤独症谱系障碍患儿中的应用

目的探究低频经颅磁刺激(TMS)联合早期康复训练治疗伴智力低下孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿的效果。方法选取南阳市第一人民医院2018年2月至2022年9月收治的104例伴智力低下ASD患儿,按随机数字表法分成两组,每组52例。以接受早期康复训练的52例伴智力低下ASD患儿列为B组,以接受低频TMS联合早期康复训练的52例伴智力低下ASD患儿列为A组。对比两组治疗前后孤独症行为评定量表(ABC)评分、中国韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WISC)评分、儿童感觉统合评定量表(CSIRS)评分、事件相关电位(ERP)P3潜伏期、波幅、神经递质[γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(GLU)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)]水平。结果治疗6个月后A组感觉、交往、躯体运动、语言、生活自理评分较B组低(P<0.05);治疗6个月后A组言语智商、操作智商及总智商评分较B组高(P<0.05);治疗6个月后A组学习能力、触觉防御、本体感觉、前庭失衡评分较B组高(P<0.05);治疗6个月后A组ERP P3潜伏期较B组低,波幅较B组高(P<0.05);治疗6个月后A组血清GLU、5-HT、BDNF水平较B组低,血清GABA水平较B组高(P<0.05)。结论低频TMS联合早期康复训练治疗伴智力低下ASD患儿可进一步改善行为能力,提升智力水平,改善感觉统合能力,维持中枢神经系统内环境平衡。

曲唑酮联合氟伏沙明治疗抑郁症伴发失眠的疗效及对多导睡眠图、血清肽类神经递质、IL-1β水平的影响

目的 观察曲唑酮联合氟伏沙明治疗抑郁症伴发失眠的疗效及对多导睡眠图、血清肽类神经递质、白细胞介素(IL)-1β水平的影响。方法 选取本院抑郁症伴发失眠症状患者360例,根据治疗方法不同均分为对照组(马来酸氟伏沙明治疗)和观察组(盐酸曲唑酮联合马来酸氟伏沙明治疗)。比较两组治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD-17)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、健康调查量表36项(SF-36)评分以及多导睡眠图参数、血清神经肽Y(NPY)、P物质(SP)、IL-1β水平。比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果 与治疗前比较,治疗后两组HAMD-17、PSQI总分、SP、IL-1β水平降低(P<0.05),SF-36总分、NPY水平升高(P<0.05);总睡眠时间、快速眼动-睡眠时间、慢波睡眠时间延长(P<0.05),觉醒次数减少(P<0.05),睡眠效率提高(P<0.05),睡眠潜伏期、觉醒时间缩短(P<0.05),且以观察组改善更显著(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 曲唑酮联合氟伏沙明对抑郁症伴发失眠症状患者的抑郁症状、睡眠进程及结构均有明显改善效果,可有效提高总体疗效,并能良性调节血清相关肽类神经递质及IL-1β水平,且患者耐受性较好。

疏肝理气养血方联合氢溴酸西酞普兰治疗卒中后失眠伴抑郁老年患者的疗效观察及对睡眠质量和神经递质的影响

目的:观察疏肝理气养血方联合氢溴酸西酞普兰治疗卒中后失眠伴抑郁老年患者的疗效及对睡眠质量和神经递质的影响。方法:选取2021年5月~2023年2月某院收治的114例卒中后失眠伴抑郁的老年患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组57例。对照组给予氢溴酸西酞普兰片,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用疏肝理气养血方。比较两组神经递质的水平[5-羟色胺(5-HT)、P物质(SP)、甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸],评估两组美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分、中医症状评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、日常生活能力(ADL)评分的差异。比较两组临床治疗总有效率并记录治疗期间两组不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者5-HT、甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);SP较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);NIHSS评分、PSQI评分、HAMD评分、中医症状评分均较治疗前降低,且观察组PSQI评分、HAMD评分、中医症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05);ADL评分较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组临床治疗总有效率(91.23%)高于对照组(77.19%,P<0.05)。治疗期间两组患者不良反应总发生率比较无统计学差异。结论:疏肝理气养血方联合氢溴酸西酞普兰可有效改善卒中后失眠伴抑郁老年患者的抑郁和失眠症状,提高睡眠质量,调节神经递质的表达,提高临床疗效,且不增加不良反应的发生风险。

不同负荷跑步对男大学生情绪状态与血液5-羟色胺、多巴胺含量的影响及相关性研究

目的:通过观察不同负荷跑步受试者运动期间心境、情绪状态与血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)含量的变化,分析心理指标与神经递质指标在不同运动强度的变化规律,探讨两类指标间的相关性,为科学诊断受试者身体机能和心理状态提供依据。方法:招募15名男性志愿者为实验对象,以60%VO_(2max)、70%VO_(2max)、80%VO_(2max)、90%VO_(2max)四个不同负荷跑步运动,5 d/w,1 h/d,持续4 w,实验前及每周运动后填写心境量表(BFS)和主观锻炼体验量表,测试心境及情绪状态;实验前及运动后每周六早上空腹静脉采血,测试血清5-HT及DA含量。结果:1)积极心境的2个因子(愉悦性和思量性)在70%VO_(2max)运动后的状态是最好的;消极心境的4个因子(愤怒性、激动性、抑郁性、无活力性)在90%VO_(2max)运动后的状态不佳。2)运动疲劳感、积极幸福感和心理烦恼,分别在80%VO_(2max)、70%VO_(2max)和90%VO_(2max)运动后表现最明显。3)血清5-HT含量在不同负荷运动中均有不同程度的上升,70%VO_(2max)运动后非常显著提高,90%VO_(2max)运动后显著提高。4)运动疲劳感与5-HT含量存在负相关,积极幸福感与5-HT含量存在正相关;运动疲劳感、心理烦恼与DA含量存在负相关。结论:1)70%VO_(2max)跑步运动后产生积极情绪和高积极幸福感;90%VO_(2max)运动后产生消极情绪和心理烦恼,提示中等负荷跑步运动能提高个体的愉悦性和思量性,高负荷跑步运动容易产生消极心境和不良的情绪反应。2)个体情绪状态指标与血清5-HT、DA含量存在相关性,以血液神经递质为研究指标,分析与个体主观情绪变化规律具有可能性,可为个体科学运动、有效调节情绪状态提供实验依据。

血清NT-proBNP、HMGB1及sTREM-1水平在脓毒症急性肺损伤预后评估中的价值

目的:分析血清N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sICAM-1)水平与在脓毒症急性肺损伤(ALI)预后评估中的价值。方法:选取104例脓毒症ALI患者为研究对象(ALI组),以肺部超声评分(LUS)将其分为轻度组(n=50)、中度组(n=36)、重度组(n=18);另选取80例单纯性脓毒症患者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sICAM-1水平,以脓毒症ALI患者28 d预后情况将其分为生存组和死亡组,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sICAM-1及联合预测预后的价值。结果:脓毒症ALI组NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sTREM-1水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);不同严重程度的脓毒症ALI组患者NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sTREM-1值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且均表现为脓毒症ALI轻度组患者<中度组<重度组(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析显示,NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sTREM-1与严重程度正相关(P<0.05);生存组NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sTREM-1水平均低于死亡组(P<0.05),三者联合检测预测预后的曲线下面积高于单一指标预测。结论:脓毒症ALI患者血清NT-proBNP、HMGB1、sTREM-1水平较高,三者联合检测对于预后有较高的评估价值。