Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few centuries.Neurotropic virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and bra...Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few centuries.Neurotropic virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and brain parenchyma,has attracted growing attention due to its high mortality and disability rates.Understanding the infectious routes of neurotropic viruses and the mechanism underlying the host immune response is critical to reduce viral spread and improve antiviral therapy outcomes.In this review,we summarize the common categories of neurotropic viruses,viral transmission routes in the body,host immune responses,and experimental animal models used for VE study to gain a deeper understanding of recent progress in the pathogenic and immunological mechanisms under neurotropic viral infection.This review should provide valuable resources and perspectives on how to cope with pandemic infections.展开更多
In the past decade, the rapid develop-ment of viral tracing techniques, more precisely the neu-rotropic viral based mono-transsynaptic tracing strategy,provides a powerful tool to map synaptic connectivi...In the past decade, the rapid develop-ment of viral tracing techniques, more precisely the neu-rotropic viral based mono-transsynaptic tracing strategy,provides a powerful tool to map synaptic connectivityin the central and peripheral nervous systems. This minireview provides a brief description of the principles ofthis tracing method, describe different strategies to tracethe neural circuit from defned neuronal populations, andpresent an update of newly developed viral variants optimizing the method.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81825011,81930038,81961160738)Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(22XD1400800)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB19030200)。
文摘Viral infections have led to many public health crises and pandemics in the last few centuries.Neurotropic virus infection-induced viral encephalitis(VE),especially the symptomatic inflammation of the meninges and brain parenchyma,has attracted growing attention due to its high mortality and disability rates.Understanding the infectious routes of neurotropic viruses and the mechanism underlying the host immune response is critical to reduce viral spread and improve antiviral therapy outcomes.In this review,we summarize the common categories of neurotropic viruses,viral transmission routes in the body,host immune responses,and experimental animal models used for VE study to gain a deeper understanding of recent progress in the pathogenic and immunological mechanisms under neurotropic viral infection.This review should provide valuable resources and perspectives on how to cope with pandemic infections.
文摘In the past decade, the rapid develop-ment of viral tracing techniques, more precisely the neu-rotropic viral based mono-transsynaptic tracing strategy,provides a powerful tool to map synaptic connectivityin the central and peripheral nervous systems. This minireview provides a brief description of the principles ofthis tracing method, describe different strategies to tracethe neural circuit from defned neuronal populations, andpresent an update of newly developed viral variants optimizing the method.
