The identification and characterization of stem cells is a major focus of developmental biology and regenerative medicine.The advent of genetic inducible fate mapping techniques has made it possible to precisely label...The identification and characterization of stem cells is a major focus of developmental biology and regenerative medicine.The advent of genetic inducible fate mapping techniques has made it possible to precisely label specific cell populations and to follow their progeny over time.When combined with advanced mathematical and statistical methods,stem cell division dynamics can be studied in new and exciting ways.Despite advances in a number of tissues,relatively little attention has been paid to stem cells in the oral epithelium.This review will focus on current knowledge about adult oral epithelial stem cells,paradigms in other epithelial stem cell systems that could facilitate new discoveries in this area and the potential roles of epithelial stem cells in oral disease.展开更多
Interleukin 17(IL-17)and its main producer,T cell receptorγδcells,have neurotoxic effects in the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),aggravating brain injuries.To investigate the correlation between IL-17 ...Interleukin 17(IL-17)and its main producer,T cell receptorγδcells,have neurotoxic effects in the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),aggravating brain injuries.To investigate the correlation between IL-17 and ICH,we dynamically screened serum IL-17 concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and explored the clinical values of IL-17 in ICH patients.There was a significant negative correlation between serum IL-17 level and neurological recovery status in ICH patients(r=–0.498,P<0.01).To study the neurotoxic role of IL-17,C57 BL/6 mice were used to establish an ICH model by injecting autologous blood into the caudate nucleus.Subsequently,the mice were treated with mouse neural stem cells(NSCs)and/or IL-17 neutralizing antibody for 72 hours.Flow cytometry,brain water content detection,Nissl staining,and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling results indicated that NSC transplantation significantly reduced IL-17 expression in peri-hematoma tissue,but there was no difference in T cell receptorγδcells.Compared with the ICH group,there were fewer apoptotic bodies and more Nissl bodies in the ICH+NSC group and the ICH+NSC+IL-17 group.To investigate the potential effect of IL-17 on directional differentiation of NSCs,we cultured mouse NSCs(NE-4 C)alone or co-cultured them with T cell receptorγδcells,which were isolated from mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells,for 7 days.The results of western blot assays revealed that IL-17 secreted by T cell receptorγδcells reduced the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes and neurons,while IL-17 neutralization relieved the inhibition of directional differentiation into astrocytes rather than neurons.In conclusion,serum IL-17 levels were elevated in the early stage of ICH and were negatively correlated with outcome in ICH patients.Animal experiments and cytological investigations therefore demonstrated that IL-17 probably has neurotoxic roles in ICH because of its inhibitory effects on the directional differentiation of NSCs.The application of IL-17 neutralizing antibody may promote the directional differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes.This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University of China(For human study:Approval No.20170135)in December 2016.All animal handling and experimentation were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Anhui Medical University(approval No.20180248)in December 2017.展开更多
基金the National Institutes of Health(F30-DE022509 to KBJ and R01-DE021420 to ODK)
文摘The identification and characterization of stem cells is a major focus of developmental biology and regenerative medicine.The advent of genetic inducible fate mapping techniques has made it possible to precisely label specific cell populations and to follow their progeny over time.When combined with advanced mathematical and statistical methods,stem cell division dynamics can be studied in new and exciting ways.Despite advances in a number of tissues,relatively little attention has been paid to stem cells in the oral epithelium.This review will focus on current knowledge about adult oral epithelial stem cells,paradigms in other epithelial stem cell systems that could facilitate new discoveries in this area and the potential roles of epithelial stem cells in oral disease.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China,No.1708085MH211(to HWC)the College Top-notch Talent Foundation of Anhui Province of China,No.KJ2018A0207(to HWC)
文摘Interleukin 17(IL-17)and its main producer,T cell receptorγδcells,have neurotoxic effects in the pathogenesis of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),aggravating brain injuries.To investigate the correlation between IL-17 and ICH,we dynamically screened serum IL-17 concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and explored the clinical values of IL-17 in ICH patients.There was a significant negative correlation between serum IL-17 level and neurological recovery status in ICH patients(r=–0.498,P<0.01).To study the neurotoxic role of IL-17,C57 BL/6 mice were used to establish an ICH model by injecting autologous blood into the caudate nucleus.Subsequently,the mice were treated with mouse neural stem cells(NSCs)and/or IL-17 neutralizing antibody for 72 hours.Flow cytometry,brain water content detection,Nissl staining,and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling results indicated that NSC transplantation significantly reduced IL-17 expression in peri-hematoma tissue,but there was no difference in T cell receptorγδcells.Compared with the ICH group,there were fewer apoptotic bodies and more Nissl bodies in the ICH+NSC group and the ICH+NSC+IL-17 group.To investigate the potential effect of IL-17 on directional differentiation of NSCs,we cultured mouse NSCs(NE-4 C)alone or co-cultured them with T cell receptorγδcells,which were isolated from mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells,for 7 days.The results of western blot assays revealed that IL-17 secreted by T cell receptorγδcells reduced the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes and neurons,while IL-17 neutralization relieved the inhibition of directional differentiation into astrocytes rather than neurons.In conclusion,serum IL-17 levels were elevated in the early stage of ICH and were negatively correlated with outcome in ICH patients.Animal experiments and cytological investigations therefore demonstrated that IL-17 probably has neurotoxic roles in ICH because of its inhibitory effects on the directional differentiation of NSCs.The application of IL-17 neutralizing antibody may promote the directional differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes.This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Anhui Medical University of China(For human study:Approval No.20170135)in December 2016.All animal handling and experimentation were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Anhui Medical University(approval No.20180248)in December 2017.
