三相三电平VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位(neutral point clamped,NPC)结构变换器一种,具有电路结构简单、开关电压应力小、输入电流谐波含量低、可实现输入单位功率因数校正等优点,适合应用于高压中大功率场合。同时,三相功...三相三电平VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位(neutral point clamped,NPC)结构变换器一种,具有电路结构简单、开关电压应力小、输入电流谐波含量低、可实现输入单位功率因数校正等优点,适合应用于高压中大功率场合。同时,三相功率因数校正(power factor correction,PFC)整流器的单周期控制方案因其控制简单,无需乘法器及采用输入电压受到广泛研究。输出中点电位波动是NPC结构变换器的一个固有问题,以基于单周期控制的三相三电平VIENNA整流器为研究对象,详细地分析整流器输出中点电位波动机理,根据单周期控制方案的特点,提出在三相输入电流采样中注入三次谐波电流分量,同时分析三次谐波电流注入后对整流器输出中点电位的影响,给出三次谐波电流最佳注入系数。在此基础之上,向传统单周期控制系统中继续引入均压环路,使得最终改进后的三相三电平VIENNA整流器单周期控制系统一方面可以提高整流器直流母线电压利用率,另一方面可以有效抑制中点电位的直流和交流波动。仿真与实验验证了所提出的改进单周期控制策略对于整流器输出中点电位平衡控制的有效性。展开更多
三相VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位NPC(neutral point clamped)结构变换器,其具有所需开关器件少、功率因数高、开关管电压应力小和控制环节简单等特点,具有较高的研究价值。而中点电位波动是NPC结构变换器固有的问题,以单周...三相VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位NPC(neutral point clamped)结构变换器,其具有所需开关器件少、功率因数高、开关管电压应力小和控制环节简单等特点,具有较高的研究价值。而中点电位波动是NPC结构变换器固有的问题,以单周期控制的三相VIENNA整流器作为研究对象。对其直流母线电压利用率较低和中点电压交流波动的问题进行建模分析,提出了在单周期控制基础上加入中点电压平衡控制环,不仅可以基本消除中点电压波动,而且可以提高直流母线电压利用率。最后通过仿真验证了所提控制策略的正确性。展开更多
Background:Net primary productivity(NPP)in forests plays an important role in the global carbon cycle.However,it is not well known about the increase rate of China’s forest NPP,and there are different opinions about ...Background:Net primary productivity(NPP)in forests plays an important role in the global carbon cycle.However,it is not well known about the increase rate of China’s forest NPP,and there are different opinions about the key factors controlling the variability of forest NPP.Methods:This paper established a statistics-based multiple regression model to estimate forest NPP,using the observed NPP,meteorological and remote sensing data in five major forest ecosystems.The fluctuation values of NPP and environment variables were extracted to identify the key variables influencing the variation of forest NPP by correlation analysis.Results:The long-term trends and annual fluctuations of forest NPP between 2000 and 2018 were examined.The results showed a significant increase in forest NPP for all five forest ecosystems,with an average rise of 5.2 gC·m-2·year-1 over China.Over 90%of the forest area had an increasing NPP range of 0-161 gC·m-2·year-1.Forest NPP had an interannual fluctuation of 50-269 gC.m-2·year-1 for the five major forest ecosystems.The evergreen broadleaf forest had the largest fluctuation.The variability in forest NPP was caused mainly by variations in precipitation,then by temperature fluctuations.Conclusions:All five forest ecosystems in China exhibited a significant increasing NPP along with annual fluctuations evidently during 2000-2018.The variations in China’s forest NPP were controlled mainly by changes in precipitation.展开更多
文摘三相三电平VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位(neutral point clamped,NPC)结构变换器一种,具有电路结构简单、开关电压应力小、输入电流谐波含量低、可实现输入单位功率因数校正等优点,适合应用于高压中大功率场合。同时,三相功率因数校正(power factor correction,PFC)整流器的单周期控制方案因其控制简单,无需乘法器及采用输入电压受到广泛研究。输出中点电位波动是NPC结构变换器的一个固有问题,以基于单周期控制的三相三电平VIENNA整流器为研究对象,详细地分析整流器输出中点电位波动机理,根据单周期控制方案的特点,提出在三相输入电流采样中注入三次谐波电流分量,同时分析三次谐波电流注入后对整流器输出中点电位的影响,给出三次谐波电流最佳注入系数。在此基础之上,向传统单周期控制系统中继续引入均压环路,使得最终改进后的三相三电平VIENNA整流器单周期控制系统一方面可以提高整流器直流母线电压利用率,另一方面可以有效抑制中点电位的直流和交流波动。仿真与实验验证了所提出的改进单周期控制策略对于整流器输出中点电位平衡控制的有效性。
文摘三相VIENNA整流器作为三电平Boost型中点箝位NPC(neutral point clamped)结构变换器,其具有所需开关器件少、功率因数高、开关管电压应力小和控制环节简单等特点,具有较高的研究价值。而中点电位波动是NPC结构变换器固有的问题,以单周期控制的三相VIENNA整流器作为研究对象。对其直流母线电压利用率较低和中点电压交流波动的问题进行建模分析,提出了在单周期控制基础上加入中点电压平衡控制环,不仅可以基本消除中点电压波动,而且可以提高直流母线电压利用率。最后通过仿真验证了所提控制策略的正确性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China(No.41571175,31661143028)the special funds for basic research and operation from the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science(2017Y003)。
文摘Background:Net primary productivity(NPP)in forests plays an important role in the global carbon cycle.However,it is not well known about the increase rate of China’s forest NPP,and there are different opinions about the key factors controlling the variability of forest NPP.Methods:This paper established a statistics-based multiple regression model to estimate forest NPP,using the observed NPP,meteorological and remote sensing data in five major forest ecosystems.The fluctuation values of NPP and environment variables were extracted to identify the key variables influencing the variation of forest NPP by correlation analysis.Results:The long-term trends and annual fluctuations of forest NPP between 2000 and 2018 were examined.The results showed a significant increase in forest NPP for all five forest ecosystems,with an average rise of 5.2 gC·m-2·year-1 over China.Over 90%of the forest area had an increasing NPP range of 0-161 gC·m-2·year-1.Forest NPP had an interannual fluctuation of 50-269 gC.m-2·year-1 for the five major forest ecosystems.The evergreen broadleaf forest had the largest fluctuation.The variability in forest NPP was caused mainly by variations in precipitation,then by temperature fluctuations.Conclusions:All five forest ecosystems in China exhibited a significant increasing NPP along with annual fluctuations evidently during 2000-2018.The variations in China’s forest NPP were controlled mainly by changes in precipitation.
