Objective] This study was conducted to discuss growth characteristics and partial production and quality characters of different varieties, so as to provide can-didates for tobacco production as wel as a theoretical b...Objective] This study was conducted to discuss growth characteristics and partial production and quality characters of different varieties, so as to provide can-didates for tobacco production as wel as a theoretical basis for variety deployment in Guizhou. [Method] ‘K326’ was used as control, the experiment for variance analysis of growth characteristics and partial production and quality characters of dif-ferent tobacco varieties was carried out in Fengsan Town, Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province in 2015. [Result] GY8 grew faster in early stages and slower in late stages, the growth periods of GY2 （130 d） and GY5（129 d） were the longest, while those of Yun85 （121 d） and Yun87 （121 d） were the shortest; and GY2, GY5 and GY8 had larger plant heights, maximum leaf widths and maximum leaf areas, and Yun85, Yun87 and K326 showed larger stem girths and maximum leaf lengths. Yun87 exhibited lower natural incidences of diseases, while Yun85 and GY8 showed higher incidences of diseases. GY2, GY5 and GY8 had higher nicotine, total nitro-gen, K and Cl contents, while Yun85, Yun87 and K326 had higher total sugar and reducing sugar contents and higher total sugar/nicotine ratio. Yun85 and Yun87 showed better economic characters, while GY5 and GY8 showed poorer economic characters. [Conclusion] Yun85 and Yun87 have quality characters better than GY2 and GY8, field natural incidences of diseases lower than GY2 and GY8, and better economic characters, and thus could serve as candidates in future flue-cured tobac-co production in Guizhou.展开更多
Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exoge-nous amylases and Ca2＋, Mn2＋ and K＋ on the amylase specific activities and starch degradation of the upper leaves of ＇KRK26＇ planted in Yun...Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exoge-nous amylases and Ca2＋, Mn2＋ and K＋ on the amylase specific activities and starch degradation of the upper leaves of ＇KRK26＇ planted in Yunnan Province during flue-curing. [Method] The amylase specific activities and starch degradation of the leaves were determined by using spectrophotometry. [Result] The 8 U/g exogenous α-amy-lase could improve the specific activity of the leaf α-amylase at yel owing and color-fixing stages, but could not at stem-drying stage, and similarly, the 80 U/g exoge-nous β-amylase could improved the specific activity of the leaf β-amylase at the yel owing stage and the early period of color-fixing stage. The leaf starch could be enhanced to degrade by the exogenous α- or β-amylases and the enhancing effect of the former was stronger than that of the later. 1.50 mg/ml Ca2＋ improved the specific activity of the leaf （α＋β）-amylase mainly due to its enhancing effect on the leaf α-amylase, and increased the starch degradation. 4 mmol/L Mn2＋ inhibited the leaf α-amylase from yel owing to the early period of color-fixing and the β- and （α＋β）-amylases from the yel owing to the later period of color-fixing, but enhanced the leafα-amylase from the later period of color-fixing to the later period of stem-drying and the β- and （α＋β）-amylases at the later period of stem-drying. Meanwhile, Mn2＋ ham-pered the starch degradation during yel owing, but promoted it from the early period of color-fixing to stem-drying. 1 mg/ml K＋ enhanced the leaf α-, β- and （α＋β）-amy-lases during the yel owing stage, but lowered them from the early period of color-fix-ing to the later period of stem-drying, and always inhibited the leaf starch degrada-tion. [Conclusion] The exogenous α-, β- amylases and Ca2＋ of suitable concentra-tions could be used to treat the tobacco leaves before flue-curing to improve the leaf starch degradation during the curing.展开更多
针对漯河烟区烟草产量低、品质欠佳等问题,通过大田试验,筛选出优质、高产、抗病性强的烤烟新品系,为丰富漯河烤烟品种体系提供参考依据。文章以漯河主栽品系中烟100为对照,分别从不同品系的植物学性状、农艺性状、常规化学成分、烤后...针对漯河烟区烟草产量低、品质欠佳等问题,通过大田试验,筛选出优质、高产、抗病性强的烤烟新品系,为丰富漯河烤烟品种体系提供参考依据。文章以漯河主栽品系中烟100为对照,分别从不同品系的植物学性状、农艺性状、常规化学成分、烤后烟外观质量、感官评吸、经济性状和发病率等各方面进行对比分析,选出最优品系。Y20116-91株高最突出,达到了191.0 cm, Y20112-7腰叶面积最大,各项指标表现较好。从农艺性状上看,Y214044、Y214048、Y20112-7株高、茎围和节距适中,抗倒伏,根系发达,叶片大小适中,株系间空间充足,通气性好。Y214022、Y20117-45、Y20116-91外观质量表现较好,均价高,能满足烟农生产需求。从中部叶烤后烟感官评吸数据来看,Y214048、Y20112-7、Y20112-2易熄火,但香气质良好。综合而言,Y214044、Y214048、Y214022、Y20112-7、Y20117-45在外观质量、化学成分和田间植物学性状表现均较好。可继续进行筛选。展开更多
The research explored indices of Longjiang237, including agronomic characters, characters in growth period, tolerance to diseases, economic characters, appearance quality, physical characters, chemical components, and...The research explored indices of Longjiang237, including agronomic characters, characters in growth period, tolerance to diseases, economic characters, appearance quality, physical characters, chemical components, and sensory quality,with NC89 as a control. The results showed that Longjiang No.237, immune to TMV, grew strongly, with a long growth term, and had low demands on nitrogen.Besides, Longjiang237 takes advantages in terms of yield, grade index and output value index, which grew by 10.46%, 8.00% and 18.41%, respectively. Additionally,highlights should be given to potassium, aroma quality, odor, strength, irritation, and aftertaste of tobaccos.展开更多
基金Supported by Project of Guiyang Branch Company,Guizhou Tobacco Company(ZYK[2015]2)~~
文摘Objective] This study was conducted to discuss growth characteristics and partial production and quality characters of different varieties, so as to provide can-didates for tobacco production as wel as a theoretical basis for variety deployment in Guizhou. [Method] ‘K326’ was used as control, the experiment for variance analysis of growth characteristics and partial production and quality characters of dif-ferent tobacco varieties was carried out in Fengsan Town, Kaiyang County, Guizhou Province in 2015. [Result] GY8 grew faster in early stages and slower in late stages, the growth periods of GY2 （130 d） and GY5（129 d） were the longest, while those of Yun85 （121 d） and Yun87 （121 d） were the shortest; and GY2, GY5 and GY8 had larger plant heights, maximum leaf widths and maximum leaf areas, and Yun85, Yun87 and K326 showed larger stem girths and maximum leaf lengths. Yun87 exhibited lower natural incidences of diseases, while Yun85 and GY8 showed higher incidences of diseases. GY2, GY5 and GY8 had higher nicotine, total nitro-gen, K and Cl contents, while Yun85, Yun87 and K326 had higher total sugar and reducing sugar contents and higher total sugar/nicotine ratio. Yun85 and Yun87 showed better economic characters, while GY5 and GY8 showed poorer economic characters. [Conclusion] Yun85 and Yun87 have quality characters better than GY2 and GY8, field natural incidences of diseases lower than GY2 and GY8, and better economic characters, and thus could serve as candidates in future flue-cured tobac-co production in Guizhou.
基金Supported by Fund from Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences for Comparative Study of the Flue-cured Tobaccos of the New Tobacco-growing Areas in Yunnan Province and Those of Zimbabwe(09YN001)~~
文摘Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exoge-nous amylases and Ca2＋, Mn2＋ and K＋ on the amylase specific activities and starch degradation of the upper leaves of ＇KRK26＇ planted in Yunnan Province during flue-curing. [Method] The amylase specific activities and starch degradation of the leaves were determined by using spectrophotometry. [Result] The 8 U/g exogenous α-amy-lase could improve the specific activity of the leaf α-amylase at yel owing and color-fixing stages, but could not at stem-drying stage, and similarly, the 80 U/g exoge-nous β-amylase could improved the specific activity of the leaf β-amylase at the yel owing stage and the early period of color-fixing stage. The leaf starch could be enhanced to degrade by the exogenous α- or β-amylases and the enhancing effect of the former was stronger than that of the later. 1.50 mg/ml Ca2＋ improved the specific activity of the leaf （α＋β）-amylase mainly due to its enhancing effect on the leaf α-amylase, and increased the starch degradation. 4 mmol/L Mn2＋ inhibited the leaf α-amylase from yel owing to the early period of color-fixing and the β- and （α＋β）-amylases from the yel owing to the later period of color-fixing, but enhanced the leafα-amylase from the later period of color-fixing to the later period of stem-drying and the β- and （α＋β）-amylases at the later period of stem-drying. Meanwhile, Mn2＋ ham-pered the starch degradation during yel owing, but promoted it from the early period of color-fixing to stem-drying. 1 mg/ml K＋ enhanced the leaf α-, β- and （α＋β）-amy-lases during the yel owing stage, but lowered them from the early period of color-fix-ing to the later period of stem-drying, and always inhibited the leaf starch degrada-tion. [Conclusion] The exogenous α-, β- amylases and Ca2＋ of suitable concentra-tions could be used to treat the tobacco leaves before flue-curing to improve the leaf starch degradation during the curing.
文摘针对漯河烟区烟草产量低、品质欠佳等问题,通过大田试验,筛选出优质、高产、抗病性强的烤烟新品系,为丰富漯河烤烟品种体系提供参考依据。文章以漯河主栽品系中烟100为对照,分别从不同品系的植物学性状、农艺性状、常规化学成分、烤后烟外观质量、感官评吸、经济性状和发病率等各方面进行对比分析,选出最优品系。Y20116-91株高最突出,达到了191.0 cm, Y20112-7腰叶面积最大,各项指标表现较好。从农艺性状上看,Y214044、Y214048、Y20112-7株高、茎围和节距适中,抗倒伏,根系发达,叶片大小适中,株系间空间充足,通气性好。Y214022、Y20117-45、Y20116-91外观质量表现较好,均价高,能满足烟农生产需求。从中部叶烤后烟感官评吸数据来看,Y214048、Y20112-7、Y20112-2易熄火,但香气质良好。综合而言,Y214044、Y214048、Y214022、Y20112-7、Y20117-45在外观质量、化学成分和田间植物学性状表现均较好。可继续进行筛选。
文摘The research explored indices of Longjiang237, including agronomic characters, characters in growth period, tolerance to diseases, economic characters, appearance quality, physical characters, chemical components, and sensory quality,with NC89 as a control. The results showed that Longjiang No.237, immune to TMV, grew strongly, with a long growth term, and had low demands on nitrogen.Besides, Longjiang237 takes advantages in terms of yield, grade index and output value index, which grew by 10.46%, 8.00% and 18.41%, respectively. Additionally,highlights should be given to potassium, aroma quality, odor, strength, irritation, and aftertaste of tobaccos.
