Knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter

Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1,2021,to September 11,2021,in a tertiary hospital in north India.Purposive sampling was used to select 50 participants.Three instruments were employed for data collection after fulfilling sample criteria;for baseline information demographic tool,knowledge questionnaires,and a practice checklist.Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results:On assessment of 50 participants,the majority of parents aged above 30 years(74%).Most of the participants were male(82%),graduated(38%),and working in the private sector(58%).Similarly,two-thirds of participants were residing in a nuclear family(64%)with a single child 32(64%)and family income<5000 rupees per month(60%).The mean score of knowledge was 1.94±0.81 and that of practice skills was 1.98±0.85 on home-based care.Regression analysis showed that knowledge of parents was significantly associated with qualification(β:1.821,P=0.002).Similarly,association of practice skills of parents with gender(β:1.235,P=0.050)and qualification(β:1.889,P=0.00)was significant.Conclusion:The general findings of our study showed that parents’education and occupation played a significant role in a child’s care.Parental education and catheter care skills positively affect the child and reduce readmission rates.

Analysis of Distribution of Public Toilets within Walking Range around Communities of the Elderly under the Model of Community Home-based Care for the Elderly: A Case Study of Changxindian, Fengtai District, Beijing

In recent years,under the influence of multiple factors such as traditional ideas and living economic conditions,the aging population in China continues to increase.Most of the elderly are more inclined to aged at home,and the first places for elderly activities are communities and the surrounding environment,which greatly affects the convenience of life and happiness of the elderly.In this paper,Changxindian area in Fengtai District of Beijing was as the research object,and detailed calculation and analysis were carried out by using POI data and arcGIS software.The relative location of residential areas and surrounding public toilets was explored,and the best location of public toilets in the daily walking area under the model of community home-based care for the elderly was further studied.

A Review of Device-Free Indoor Positioning for Home-Based Care of the Aged:Techniques and Technologies

With the development of urbanization,the problem of neurological diseases brought about by population aging has gradually become a social problem of worldwide concern.Aging leads to gradual degeneration of the central nervous system,shrinkage of brain tissue,and decline in physical function in many elderlies,making them susceptible to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),stroke,Parkinson’s and major depressive disorder(MDD).Due to the influence of these neurological diseases,the elderly have troubles such as memory loss,inability to move,falling,and getting lost,which seriously affect their quality of life.Tracking and positioning of elderly with neurological diseases and keeping track of their location in real-time are necessary and crucial in order to detect and treat dangerous and unexpected situations in time.Considering that the elderly with neurological diseases forget to wear a positioning device or have mobility problems due to carrying a positioning device,device-free positioning as a passive positioning technology that detects device-free individuals is more suitable than traditional active positioning for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological diseases.This paper provides an extensive and in-depth survey of device-free indoor positioning technology for home-based care and an in-depth analysis of the main features of current positioning systems,as well as the techniques,technologies andmethods they employ,fromthe perspective of the needs of the elderly with neurological conditions.Moreover,evaluation criteria and possible solutions of positioning techniques for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological conditions are proposed.Finally,the opportunities and challenges for the development of indoor positioning technology in 6G mobile networks for home-based care of the elderly with neurological diseases are discussed.This review has provided comprehensive and effective tracking and positioning techniques,technologies and methods for the elderly,by which we can obtain the location information of the elderly in real-time and make home-based care more comfortable and safer for the elderly with neurological diseases.

Research Progress on the Home-based Healthcare Plan for the Elderly with Chronic Diseases

Objective:To develop a home-based care plan for the elderly person with chronic diseases based on the status of their home-based care needs and relevant literature.Methods:The clinical data consisted of 132 patients who were 60-year-old or older with chronic diseases from June 2019 to May 2020 were selected and categorized into control and treatment groups of 66 patients each.For the experimental group,a care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular post-treatment bome-based care.Meanwhile,a general clinical care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular treatment for the control group.The effectiveness of these two healthcare models was evaluated and analyzed.Results:Results showed that satisfaction and effectiveness of home-based care among the elderly with chronic diseases were statistically better(P<0.05)than those in the usual care group.Conclusion:Providing home-based care services to elderly patients with chronic illnesses helps them to improve their chronic disease condition,patients are more receptive to home care,and patients have higher rates of recovery and treatment satisfaction.

Meta-analysis of the willingness rate of community home-based care in China

Objective:To systematically evaluate the willingness rate of the community to provide for the aged at home and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:By searching the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,we collected literature on the willingness of the elderly in the community to provide for the aged from 2011 to 2021,extracted the data,and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Then,CMA 2.0 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 13 articles were included in this study,and 16,402 people over 60 years old were surveyed,1782 people were willing to provide for the aged at home in the community,with a total willingness rate of 11%(95%CI:9%to 26%).The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the community home care willingness rate of elderly people with different gender,education levels,marital status,monthly income,living alone,the number of children,and residence(P<0.05).There was not any statistically significant difference in the willingness rate of the elderly with different ages,chronic diseases,self-care ability,and loneliness(P>0.05).Conclusion:The overall willingness rate of the elderly in the community of the elderly is relatively low in China.Gender,education level,marital status,monthly income,living alone,number of children,and residence are factors affecting the prediction of community elderly will.

Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

BACKGROUND Postpartum depression is a common mental illness in puerpera,with an incidence of approximately 3.5%-33.0%abroad,and the incidence of postpartum depression in China is higher than the international level,reaching 10.0%-38.0%.Providing effective nursing care in clinical nursing activities is one of the key points of obstetrical care.However,little research has been designed to investigate the positive role of home-based nursing in the prevention of postpartum depression.AIM To study the effect of home-based nursing for postpartum depression patients on their quality of life and depression.METHODS The clinical data of 92 patients with postpartum depression treated at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were grouped according to the nursing methods used;40 patients receiving basic nursing were included in a basic nursing group,and 52 receiving home-based nursing were included in a home-based nursing group.Depression and anxiety were evaluated and compared between the two groups.The estradiol(E2),serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT),and progesterone(PRGE)levels were measured.RESULTS The SAS and SDS scores of the home-based nursing group were significantly lower than those of the basic nursing group(P<0.05).The E2 and 5-HT levels of the home-based nursing group were significantly higher than those of the basic nursing group,but the PRGE level was significantly lower than that of the basic nursing group.The GQOLI-74 scores(material,social,somatic,and psychological)and nursing satisfaction were significantly higher in the home-based nursing group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Postpartum depression through home-based nursing can effectively alleviate depression and improve the quality of life of patients,help modulate their serum E2,5-HT,and PRGE levels,and improve their satisfaction with nursing care.

Reform and Reconstruction of the Rural Elderly Care Service System in the New Era

With decades of hard work,socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era.The transformation of the principal contradiction in the new era has imposed new and higher requirements on the rural elderly care service system.However,the current service system based on welfare-multiplex and urban community environment is often difficult to operate in the rural areas of central and western China.And the urban home care service for the aged is inappropriate to the rural reality;community service for the aged faces difficulties in practice;institution care for the aged develops slowly;the synergy among different elderly care service models is poor.Through observing the rural areas of central and western China in the field for a long time,this paper proposes to build the rural elderly care service system based on family supporting,supported by community mutual assistance care,supplemented by institution care for the aged,combined with medical care,and localized with diversified forms for targeted groups according to different realities.And the system should follow the fundamental guidance of development-oriented family policy,adhere to the governance mode of multiple subjects with one core and respect rural reality,which could provide a feasible way for the reform and reconstruction of the rural elderly care service system.

Government Responsibility in New Rural Cooperative Medical Care System from the Perspective of Equity and Efficiency

Equity and efficiency,as two essential parts of social security,always influence construction of China's new rural cooperative medical care system.The new rural cooperative medical care system is a rural social security system particularly intended to make it more affordable for the rural poor.It is a multi-channel fundraising system with fund of comprehensive arrangement for serious disease composed by the government,collectives and individuals.Since its implementation,it has made considerable achievements,but there are still many apparent and hidden problems.Through analyzing existing problems in the implementation of new rural cooperative medical care system,from the perspective of equity and efficiency,it reached the conclusion that government should take corresponding responsibilities.At the same time of constantly increasing efficiency,it is recommended to attach importance to the equity,so as to realize the objective of improving the security level of new rural cooperative medical care system.

On Rural Medical Care and Health Undertaking Development during New Medical Reform

Based on in-depth survey of township hospitals in Lushan County of Henan Province, this paper studies the development situations of rural medical care and health undertaking in the course of new medical reform. Results show that both rural medical institution and public health undertaking have considerable development in this course. Working capital situation gradually turns better. However, there are still problems and challenge of shortage of high quality medical care personnel, lack of employment mechanism, poor medical environment, and imperfect bidding and purchasing system of medicines. To further develop rural medical situation, it should improve medical environment, speed up informationization construction, and give prominence to functional orientation.

A Survey of Learning Needs about Oral Care for Intubated Patients among New Nursing Staff

Our aim was to understand the actual conditions of oral care for intubated patients by new nurses. This study was carried out from December 2017 to March 2018. We applied the theme of the dissipation of the dissociation between nursing skills learned in basic nursing education and nursing skills required in practice. A questionnaire survey was conducted at four facilities among new nursing staff who had acquired their nursing license in the past year. The questionnaire was composed of questions about their experiences of oral care for intubated patients, when they learned these skills, and what they wanted to learn. Answers were obtained from 118 new nurses. Learning about oral care was important for approximately 20% of the nurses, although it was not considered mandatory by all of the nurses. As infection control measures have revealed the acute needs of care for intubated patients, it is important for nursing students to learn about oral care and attitudes towards intubated patients, along with methods to make intubated patients more comfortable.

Midwifery Students’ Confidence in New-Born Care at Completion of Training in Selected Midwifery Schools in Zambia. A Multicentric Study: A Case of Zambia

Background: Quality education is one of the important factors in empowering midwives to provide quality health care services to mothers and newborns irrespective of their practice settings. Due to lack of standardization of the duration, content, and structure of midwifery education and different pathways to midwifery across the world, midwives may lack the confidence to deliver quality health care services in the main domain of the ICM competences. Aim: To assess the confidence of final year midwifery students in the domain of new-born care based on the ICM midwifery competencies. Methods: The first phase consisted of a quick situation analysis of midwifery education and regulation in Zambia, followed by a cross-sectional survey through a self-administered questionnaire to assess the confidence of final year midwifery students. Results: Most (51.9%) of the respondents were aged between 18 and 28 years, and majority of them were placed in Levels 1, 2 and 3 Hospitals and also clinics for their clinical practice, with between one hundred to ten thousand annual births, followed by 16.9% who were placed in Level 3 hospitals only. Most students (38.3%) reported receiving classroom instruction by both Lecture and Demonstration. Few students (22.7%) responded that they were not satisfied with their clinical supervision, while 77.3% were satisfied. There was significant association between confidence to perform skills independently and having enough time to practice on models in the labs (p value = 0.024), confidence when practiced for the first time on mothers (p value = 0.007) and satisfaction with supervision during clinical practice (p value = 0.000). Binary logistic regression of characteristics associated with confidence to perform new-born skills independently revealed significant association between satisfaction with clinical supervision and confidence to perform skills independently, 95% CI [1.83, 15.37]. Conclusion: Midwifery students need quality training both theoretically and practically in order for them to gain confidence in newborn care upon completion of their training. They need adequate time to practice on models in the skills laboratory, and need adequate clinical supervision for them to gain confidence in performing new born skills independently.

Cultivate Inter-disciplinary Elderly Care Workers in the New Era to Promote the Development of the Aging Industry

The purpose of this paper is to point out the urgency and importance of cultivating inter-disciplinary elderly care workers in the new era by analyzing the prominent problems facing the current pension industry in China.Based on data analysis,survey and summary,multi-disciplinary integration and other means,training methods for inter-disciplinary elderly care workers in the new era are put forward,including enhancing multi-disciplinary theoretical knowledge reserve,improving professional skills and psychological communication skills and improving nursing ability of elderly care workers.The coping strategies proposed in this article have certain reference value for cultivating inter-disciplinary elderly care workers in the new era.

Construction of Xi'an ecological old-age care community in the new urbanization

The new urbanization is an important carrier of ecological civilization construction, and ecological old-age care is the concrete manifestation of the perfect combination of the two, the proper meaning of the new urbanization connotation and an inevitable trend of its development. Based on the analysis of the connotation and relationship between the new urbanization and ecological old-age care, together with the current situation and existing problems of the current nursing institutions and ecological old-age care in Xi'an area, this paper discusses the major issues that should be noticed when constructing the ecological old-age care community in Xi'an and three main construction modes.

Impact of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme on Health Care Service Utilization in Rural China

Using the 2000, 2004, and 2006 CHNS longitudinal survey data and econometric methods （random-effect probit regression model and DID methods）, this study conducted an empirical analysis to estimate the impact of NCMS. The major conclusions are as follows. First, predisposing factors, enabling factors, health care need factors, and lifestyle factors affect health care utilization. Second, results using DID methods indicate that NCMS did not affect health care service utilization （outpatient and inpatient） of individuals when ill, but it might increase the possibility of getting a health examination. Third, there is no difference in health care service utilization （both outpatient and inpatient） between the NCMS enrollment group and the non-enrollment group in both working age group （15-59） and the elderly group （60 and over）. Therefore, it can be said that NCMS did not affect the health care utilization in both the group. However, NCMS positively affects disease prevention behavior （visiting the hospital to receive a health examination） in the working age group, but the effect did not appear in the elderly group.

Construction of Industrialization Development Model for"1+4+X"Community-Based Elderly Care in Gannan Old Revolutionary Base Area in the Context of Population Aging

In the context of controlling population development in a planned way,China entered an aging society in the early 21 st century.In this context,how to meet the needs of the elderly care and form an effective elderly care model has become a key problem to be solved urgently by local government departments.With the continuous advancement of the elderly care policy,the community-based elderly care has gradually become the mainstream and is in the stage of vigorous promotion.Taking the Gannan old revolutionary base area in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study puts forward"1+4+X"community-based elderly care model based on the policy system of community-based elderly care,the physical and mental health of the elderly,the material space and the construction of evaluation system,and explores how to promote the application of this community model efficiently in the form of industrialization,so as to drive the economic growth of the Gannan old revolutionary base area,promote the employment development and improve the community-based elderly care service.

党建引领视角下医疗卫生人才培养的实践研究

加强党建工作建设,充分发挥党组织领导核心的作用,为医疗卫生教育机构深化医疗人才培养提供坚强保障。在党建引领背景下对医疗卫生人才培养进行探索和研究,构建全员、全方位、全过程育人体系,聚焦党建引领,建强育人队伍,凸显全员育人合力,培养兼具扎实专业理论和综合素质能力的复合型人才成为重要的育人目标。推动党建引领实践育人工作,即有利于强化党对医疗卫生教育机构的领导,还有利于创新党建引领、医疗卫生教育机构主导和社会力量参与的实践育人模式。文章从党建引领,在医疗人才培养的实践探索、实践策略等方面,探索党建引领实践育人策略,以为相关工作提供一定的借鉴和参考依据。

公司法上信义义务的体系构成——兼评新《公司法》相关规定

信义义务起源于信托法上的受托人义务,在普通法系衡平法传统影响下,其在英美等国的适用早就超越了信托法范畴,成为公司法领域通用的原则。无论是从“委托—代理”视角,还是信托关系视角来看,公司法制度引入信义义务理论都有必要。董、监、高之所以对公司负有信义义务,是因为他们在公司担任特定职务,与公司存在特定的法律关系,“公司利益至上”是其信义义务的内核。新《公司法》构建了较为完整的信义义务规则体系。在控股股东与实际控制人实际履行董、监、高职能的情况下,他们的行为后果对于公司利益的影响与董、监、高并无差异,理应对公司负信义义务;同时完善信义义务的例外和救济条款,增加了对全资子公司的“双重股东代表诉讼”制度。

30所三级医院开展ICU护士入职培训的现况调查

目的:调查三级医院开展ICU护士入职培训现况,为探索更有效的ICU护士入职培训提供参考。方法:2022年7月—8月,采用便利抽样法选取全国11个省份30所三级医院57个ICU的护理管理者及583名ICU护士作为调查对象,使用自行设计的ICU护士入职培训情况调查问卷进行调查。结果:参与调查的57个(100.0%)ICU均制定了新护士入职培训计划并规定经过带教期后方可独立上岗,但培训形式多样、带教期时长尚不统一,仅32个(56.1%)ICU有资质准入制度和相关考核;52名(91.2%)护理管理者将规范化培训后的新护士视为最优选;应届毕业生新护士占总护士人数的比例与非计划性拔管的发生率呈正相关(r=0.341,P<0.05)。参与调查的583名护士中364名(62.4%)认为3~6个月的带教时长最为合适,339名(58.1%)倾向于毕业后先掌握普通患者护理技能,再入职ICU;回归分析显示入职培训期间ICU护士适应工作压力的影响因素为ICU类型、临床实践带教形式与带教时长。结论:目前ICU资质准入制度仍不完善,入职培训尚无统一的方案,带教时长仍需要进一步讨论,未来仍需要制定纲领性文件指导ICU开展护士入职培训工作。

养老服务高质量发展:内涵、方向及路径

养老服务高质量发展已经成为一个重要政策目标。养老服务高质量发展是能够满足人民养老服务需求的发展,是体现新发展理念的发展。推动养老服务高质量发展必须坚持以满足老年人的美好生活需要为根本宗旨,以全体老年人享有基本养老服务为基本目标,以养老事业与养老产业协同发展为基本思路,并发挥市场机制配置资源的决定性作用。推动养老服务高质量发展,要从全局高度认识其重要性,营造人人参与养老服务发展的环境,鼓励新技术应用和模式创新,积极推进基本养老服务体系建设,提高养老服务资源利用效率,以更宽广的政策视野、更广泛的社会参与、更强劲的创新驱动、更坚实的基本保障、更有效的资源配置开创养老服务发展新局面。