New principles of work and energy as well as power and energy rate with cross terms for polar and nonlocal polar continuum field theories were presented and from them all corresponding equations of motion and boundary...New principles of work and energy as well as power and energy rate with cross terms for polar and nonlocal polar continuum field theories were presented and from them all corresponding equations of motion and boundary conditions as well as complete equations of energy and energy rate with the help of generalized Piola's theorems were naturally derived in all and without any additional requirement. Finally, some new balance laws of energy and energy rate for generalized continuum mechanics were established. The new principles of work and energy as well as power and energy rate with cross terms presented in this paper are believed to be new and they have corrected the incompleteness of all existing corresponding principles and laws without cross terms in literatures of generalized continuum field theories.展开更多
This paper describes a new species of the snout moth Berastagia tainanica sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan. From 2009 to 2016, a biology study was conducted on population dynamics and embryonic developmen...This paper describes a new species of the snout moth Berastagia tainanica sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan. From 2009 to 2016, a biology study was conducted on population dynamics and embryonic development. Spring season is the peak of the eclosion of overwintering larvae or pupae. The average longevity of adult was 14.8 ± 6.2 days (N = 174), the average number of eggs laid was 259 ± 3 eggs/moth (N = 2), the hatching rate of eggs was 95.4% (N = 262), and the average hatching time of eggs was 99.6 ± 18.6 hours (N = 68). The average body length of males was 5.64 mm ± 0.91 mm (N = 30), and the average body length of females was 6.28 mm ± 0.84 mm (N = 30). This finding indicates that female snout moths are larger than males (Global R = 0.058, P = 0.012). The snout moth eclosion rate was 16.9 moths/100 pods in the first year (2010/2011, N = 2,224 pods) and 10.9 moths/100 pods in the second year (2014/2015, N = 6,382 pods). The pod borer rate was 31.8% (N = 707) and the seed borer rate was 41.2% (N = 3,628) in the first year, whereas the pod borer rate was 76.2% (N = 6,382) in the second year.展开更多
背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控...背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控制剖宫产率、提高产科医疗质量提供数据支持。方法纳入2017—2020年在南方医科大学第十附属医院剖宫产分娩的产妇共19170例,分为初产妇组(n=5630)和经产妇组(n=13540)。通过电子病历系统收集产妇信息,包括年龄、孕产次、既往分娩情况、胎方位、妊娠合并症及并发症、产妇结局及新生儿结局等,并对两组产妇的一般资料、产妇结局及新生儿结局进行比较。采用修正版Robson分类系统,根据产科特征(产次、胎位、胎儿数量、分娩孕周)对产妇进行分类,对比两组在修正版Robson分类系统中的分布及各组占比随年度变化情况。结果经产妇中剖宫产后再次妊娠的比例高达81.4%(11026/13540);经产妇组的年龄、孕次、产次及年龄≥35岁、妊娠合并糖尿病比例均高于初产妇组(P<0.05)。修正版Robson分类在所有剖宫产产妇中,以R3类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位,至少有1次剖宫产史)为主(50.4%,9668/19170),其次为R1类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位初产,自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产)(20.8%,3993/19170);经产妇中,R3类的占比最高达71.4%(9668/13540)。分析经产妇人群特征发现,2017—2020年,占比最高的R3类产妇从73.5%下降至67.1%,而R2类[妊娠≥37周单胎头位经产(无剖宫产史),自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产]、R8类[所有妊娠<37周单胎头位(包括有剖宫产史)]的占比均有所升高。经产妇组产后24 h出血量、输血比例高于初产妇组,而术后住院天数低于初产妇组(P<0.05)。19170例产妇共分娩新生儿20026名例,其中初产妇分娩6077例,经产妇分娩13949例;经产妇组新生儿出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分高于初产妇组新生儿,而1 min Apgar评分≤7分、转新生儿科比例低于初产妇组新生儿(P<0.05);两组产妇剖宫产新生儿5 min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄和剖宫产术后再次妊娠是经产妇的突出特征。R3类的占比虽然逐年下降,但仍是剖宫产经产妇的主要人群,为降低剖宫产率,需有效控制初次分娩剖宫产,并在安全的前提下积极推广R3类产妇经阴道试产。同时,经产妇中R2类和R8类的占比有所升高,对产科临床实践提出了新的要求。展开更多
文摘New principles of work and energy as well as power and energy rate with cross terms for polar and nonlocal polar continuum field theories were presented and from them all corresponding equations of motion and boundary conditions as well as complete equations of energy and energy rate with the help of generalized Piola's theorems were naturally derived in all and without any additional requirement. Finally, some new balance laws of energy and energy rate for generalized continuum mechanics were established. The new principles of work and energy as well as power and energy rate with cross terms presented in this paper are believed to be new and they have corrected the incompleteness of all existing corresponding principles and laws without cross terms in literatures of generalized continuum field theories.
文摘This paper describes a new species of the snout moth Berastagia tainanica sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan. From 2009 to 2016, a biology study was conducted on population dynamics and embryonic development. Spring season is the peak of the eclosion of overwintering larvae or pupae. The average longevity of adult was 14.8 ± 6.2 days (N = 174), the average number of eggs laid was 259 ± 3 eggs/moth (N = 2), the hatching rate of eggs was 95.4% (N = 262), and the average hatching time of eggs was 99.6 ± 18.6 hours (N = 68). The average body length of males was 5.64 mm ± 0.91 mm (N = 30), and the average body length of females was 6.28 mm ± 0.84 mm (N = 30). This finding indicates that female snout moths are larger than males (Global R = 0.058, P = 0.012). The snout moth eclosion rate was 16.9 moths/100 pods in the first year (2010/2011, N = 2,224 pods) and 10.9 moths/100 pods in the second year (2014/2015, N = 6,382 pods). The pod borer rate was 31.8% (N = 707) and the seed borer rate was 41.2% (N = 3,628) in the first year, whereas the pod borer rate was 76.2% (N = 6,382) in the second year.
文摘背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控制剖宫产率、提高产科医疗质量提供数据支持。方法纳入2017—2020年在南方医科大学第十附属医院剖宫产分娩的产妇共19170例,分为初产妇组(n=5630)和经产妇组(n=13540)。通过电子病历系统收集产妇信息,包括年龄、孕产次、既往分娩情况、胎方位、妊娠合并症及并发症、产妇结局及新生儿结局等,并对两组产妇的一般资料、产妇结局及新生儿结局进行比较。采用修正版Robson分类系统,根据产科特征(产次、胎位、胎儿数量、分娩孕周)对产妇进行分类,对比两组在修正版Robson分类系统中的分布及各组占比随年度变化情况。结果经产妇中剖宫产后再次妊娠的比例高达81.4%(11026/13540);经产妇组的年龄、孕次、产次及年龄≥35岁、妊娠合并糖尿病比例均高于初产妇组(P<0.05)。修正版Robson分类在所有剖宫产产妇中,以R3类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位,至少有1次剖宫产史)为主(50.4%,9668/19170),其次为R1类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位初产,自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产)(20.8%,3993/19170);经产妇中,R3类的占比最高达71.4%(9668/13540)。分析经产妇人群特征发现,2017—2020年,占比最高的R3类产妇从73.5%下降至67.1%,而R2类[妊娠≥37周单胎头位经产(无剖宫产史),自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产]、R8类[所有妊娠<37周单胎头位(包括有剖宫产史)]的占比均有所升高。经产妇组产后24 h出血量、输血比例高于初产妇组,而术后住院天数低于初产妇组(P<0.05)。19170例产妇共分娩新生儿20026名例,其中初产妇分娩6077例,经产妇分娩13949例;经产妇组新生儿出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分高于初产妇组新生儿,而1 min Apgar评分≤7分、转新生儿科比例低于初产妇组新生儿(P<0.05);两组产妇剖宫产新生儿5 min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄和剖宫产术后再次妊娠是经产妇的突出特征。R3类的占比虽然逐年下降,但仍是剖宫产经产妇的主要人群,为降低剖宫产率,需有效控制初次分娩剖宫产,并在安全的前提下积极推广R3类产妇经阴道试产。同时,经产妇中R2类和R8类的占比有所升高,对产科临床实践提出了新的要求。
