Book Review “William R. Spillers and Keith M. MacBain. Structural Optimization,Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York,2009”

This book presents general theories and applications of structural optimization methods. The first chapter of the book introduces various basic concepts of structural optimization through several illustrative examples. Chapter 2 is devoted to a comprehensive review of math- ematical programming methods, including classical methods such as the simplex method, the （SLP） method, the interior point method and relatively new approaches such as genetic algo- rithms. The third chapter presents the main topic of this book, the SLP methods based on the incremental equations of structures. Some useful techniques in implementation of SLP, including the move limit, scaling and active constraint identifying, are discussed. In chapter 4, classical optimality criterion approaches, including the fully stress approach for truss struc- tures and its extensions for membrane and plate structures, are presented with demonstrative examples. The remaining chapters develop an overview of structural optimization problems, among which are dynamic optimization, multi-criterion optimization, earlier work on the op- timal layouts of plates, as well as some practical issues in general size and shape optimization problems.

Variable separation solutions and new solitary wave structures to the （l＋l）-dimensional Ito system

A variable separation approach is proposed and extended to the （1＋1）-dimensional physics system. The variable separation solution of （1-F1）-dimensional Ito system is obtained. Some special types of solutions such as non-propagating solitary wave solution, propagating solitary wave solution and looped soliton solution are found by selecting the arbitrary function appropriately.

A new anchor-siphon drainage combined method used for slope stabilization

A new anchor-siphon drainage combined method used for slope stabilization is proposed in this paper.It includes an anchoring section and a siphon drainage section.The novelty of the anchor-siphon drainage combined method is the realization of the drainage and anchoring in the one inclined borehole.The engineering cost of drilling and the resulting disturbance to the slope is reduced.To validate the feasibility of the proposed method,a numerical method that combines the pore water pressure distribution after siphon drainage and the anchoring force of the anchoring section is used to evaluate the safety of the slope with the anchor-siphon drainage method.The proposed method was illustrated and validated with the Hongpu Village landslide,in Tonglu County,Zhejiang Province,in China.Compared with the common anchor bar with the same length in the anchoring section,the factor of safety(FOS)for Hongpu Village slope with anchorsiphon drainage is increased by 0.085.The calculation method of the optimal length ratio between the drainage section and the anchoring section and its influencing factors were studied.For the different design parameters,there is always an optimal length ratio of the drainage section.Compared with the siphon drainage and full-length anchor bar with the same borehole length,the anchor-siphon drainage combined method shows better landslide prevention ability.Moreover,when the optimized parameters with a bond strength of 560kPa,a borehole inclination of 35°,and no reduction in length are used,the calculated safety factor is 1.316,which is significantly higher than the FOS of 1.131 for the slope with siphon drainage.

Translocator protein 18 kDa(TSPO): old dogma, new mice, new structure, and new questions for neuroprotection

The normal development and optimal functioning of the brain requires a vigilant immune surveillance system to detect and remove potential risk factors and prevent infection and tissue damage. Microglia are the resident immune cells and the frontline defenders responsible for the immune response of the brain. Resting microglia possess a ramified morphology with numerous thin processes that continuously sample the environment. In response to inflammatory signals, microglia become activated and transform their morphology into a thick, amoeboid-like shape. Activated microglia proliferate, tolerate to sites of iniurv,

THE STRUCTURE OF ARMILLARIZIN,A NEW PROTOILLUDANE SESQUITERPENOID AROMATIC ESTER FROM ARMILLARIA MELLEA(VAHL.EX FR)QUEL.

A new protoilludane sesquiterpenoid aromatic ester,named armillarizin (1)has been isolated from the artificially cultured mycelium of Armillaria me- llea(Vahl.ex Fr)Quel.(Tricholomataceae).Its structure was deduced on the ba- sis of spectral analyses.The relative configuration was established from the nuclear Overhauser effects and from the values of ~1H-~1H coupling constants.

ISOLATION, STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AND SYNTHESIS OF A NEW PRENYLATED FLAVONOL, MAACKIAFLAVONOL, FROM MAACKIA TENUIFOLIA

A new prenylated flavonol, maackiaflavonol, was isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Maackia tenuifolia. Its structure was elucidated as 7-hydrox-8-prenylflavonol by means of spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, MS, NMR and 1H-1H COSY) and confirmed by total synthesis.

A New Simulation of Track Structure of Low-Energy Electrons in Liquid Water:Considering the Condensed-Phase Effect on Electron Elastic Scattering

A new Monte Carlo simulation of the track structure of low-energy electrons （〈10keV） in liquid water is presented. The feature of the simulation is taken into consideration of the condensed-phase effect of liquid water on electron elastic scattering with the use of the Champion model, while the dielectric response formalism incorporating the optical-data model developed by Emfietzoglou et al. is applied for calculating the electron inelastic scattering. The spatial distributions of energy deposition and inelastic scattering events of low-energy electrons with different primary energies in liquid water are calculated and compared with other theoretical evaluations. The present work shows that the condensed-phase effect of liquid water on electron elastic scattering may be of the influence on the fraction of absorbed energy and distribution of inelastic scattering events at lower primary energies, which also indicate potential effects on the DNA damage induced by low-energy electrons.

THE STRUCTURE OF A NEW LIGNAN DIOL

A lignan diol (1) was isolated from Schisandra rubriflora Rhed et Wils. It is racemic, with RS, RS, RS, SR configurations for the four consecutive asymmetric centers as shown.

New Discovery of Molar Tooth Structures in the Kangjia Formation at Benxi,Liaoning and its Significance

Objective The Jilin-Liaoning area has widely spread Meso- and Neoproterozoic sediments and is always a focused area for researching Precambrian geology. Previous study has achieved a series of results about Neoproterozoic stratigraphy in this area, but the lack of precise geochronological data and signs of stratigraphic correlation has resulted in the long controversial stratigraphic age and regional correlation. During recent years,

The Separation of Powers from Functions and the Establishment of a New Structure of Management and Operation of State-owned Assets

The development of the socialist market economy demands the furtherintensification of the reform of the management operating system (MOS)of the state-owned assets, the strengthening of the efficiency in the man-agement of state-owned assets,and the improvement of the operating bene-

A NEW TYPE OF CHAIN COMPOUND,STRUCTURE OF TA_4(TE_2)_4TE_4I

Ta_4(Te_2)_4Te_4I,Mr=2381.90,Monoclinic,C2/c,a=21.987(2),b=6.153(2),c= 19.936(3),β=122.42(14),V=2276.7 ~3,z=4,Dm=6.8(5)g/cm^3,Dc=6.95g/cm^3,λ(Mok)= 0.71073,μ=354.0cm^(-1),F(000)=3876,T=296(1)k,R=5.3%,Rw=6.8%,for 1118 unique observed reflections(1>3σ(Ⅰ)).The structure is composed of [Ta_4(Te_2)_4Te_4I]_∞~ chains,which are formed by the four-nuclear butterfly cluster units "Ta_4(Te_2)_4Te_4" with the Ⅰ atoms as the bridging atoms between different cluster units.

THE STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF A NEW BIS-ENTKAURANE COMPOUND, ISODOPHARICIN E, ISOLATED FROM ISODON PHARICUS (PRAIN) MURATA.

On the basis of spectroscopic evidence (MS, ~1HNMR, ^(13)CNMR, CD, ~1H-~1H and ~1H-^(13)C cosy NMR) and chemical synthesis, the structure of isodopharicin E (1), isolated from the dry leaves and tender branches of Isodon pharicus (Prain) Murata was elucidated as 3R, 3'R, 13S, 13'S-tetrahydroxy-11S, 11'S-diacetoxy(16S-O-15')-bisentkaur-15'-en-15-one.

STUDY ON SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION AND STRUCTURE OF A NEW RARE EARTH COORDINATION COMPOUND WITH BENZOIC ACID

In this paper,a new rare earth benzoate coordination compound,[TbL_3(HL)(H_2O)]_2 (HL=C_7H_6O_2=benzoic acid) is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis DTA,TG,DTC,and IR spectra.The title compound crystallizes in triclinic,space.group P with a=9.148(1),b=11.460(2), c=13.506(2);α=112.76(1),β=91.83(1),γ=91.99(1)°;Z=1;V=1303.3.The final R factor is 0.0235.The rare earth ion is nine-coordinated to form a distorted monocapped square antiprism.

Beijing's Foreign Trade——Readjusting the Structure for New Growth Points in Beijing's Foreign Trade

At a working conference, Vice Mayor Lu Yucheng presented a plan for Beijing’s 1997 work in foreign trade and economic cooperation. The general task is to carry out the strategy of great economy and trade, expand exports, use foreign funds reasonably and effectively, and conduct international economic and technical cooperation. The major target is to complete export volume of US$2.3 billion. Last year’s import and

ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF XF-1,A NEW ANTHRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTIC

A new Mutactimycin group antibiotic(XF-1)was isolated from the mycelium of Streptomyces sp.80-115 and its structure has been determined on the basis of its spectroscopical and chemical properties. XF-1 showed active against some Gram positive bacteria.

New Recognition about Faulted Structures in Tarim Basin

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Study on the Influence of Aspect Ratio on the Seismic Response and Overturning Resistance of a New Staggered Story Isolated Structure

The aspect ratio of the structure has a significant impact on the overall stability of the ultra high-rise building. A large aspect ratio of the structure increases the risk of overturning and reduces the lateral stiffness of the structure, leading to significant tensile and compressive stresses in the isolated bearings. To study the effect of aspect ratio on the seismic response and overturning resistance of a new staggered story isolated structure, three models with different aspect ratios were established. Nonlinear time-history analysis of the three models was conducted using ETABS finite element software. The results indicate that the overturning moment and overturning resistance moment of the superstructure in the new staggered story isolated structure increase with an increasing aspect ratio. However, the increase in the overturning moment of the superstructure is much greater than the increase in the overturning resistance moment, resulting in a decrease in the overturning resistance ratio of the superstructure with an increasing aspect ratio. The overturning moment and overturning resistance moment of the substructure in the new staggered story isolated structure decrease with an increasing aspect ratio. However, the decrease in the overturning moment of the substructure is greater than the decrease in the overturning resistance moment, leading to an increase in the overturning resistance ratio of the substructure with an increasing aspect ratio. The decrease in the overturning resistance ratio of the superstructure in the new staggered story isolated structure is much greater than the increase in the overturning resistance ratio of the substructure. Therefore, as the aspect ratio of the overall structure increases, the overturning resistance ratio of the superstructure and the entire structure decreases.

Meroterpenoids from Ganoderma Species:A Review of Last Five Years

Meroterpenoids are hybrid natural products that partially originate from the terpenoid pathway.Ganoderma meroterpenoids(GMs)are a type of meroterpenoids containing a 1,2,4-trisubstituted phenyl and a polyunsaturated terpenoid part.Over last 5 years,great efforts have been made to conduct phytochemistry research on the genus Ganoderma,which have led to the isolation and identification of a number of GMs.These newly reported GMs showed diverse structures and a wide range of biological activities.This review gives an overview of new GMs from genus Ganoderma and their biological activities and biosynthetic pathway,focusing on the period from 2013 until 2018.

Inverse Calculation of Wave-Absorbing Structure Dimensions Based on Extended ANFIS Model

A new wave energy dissipation structure is proposed, aiming to optimize the dimensions of the structure and make the reflection of the structure maintain a low level within the scope of the known frequency band. An optimal extended ANFIS model combined with the wave reflection coefficient analysis for the estimation of the structure dimensions is established. In the premise of lower wave reflection coefficient, the specific sizes of the structure are obtained inversely, and the contribution of each related parameter on the structural reflection performance is analyzed. The main influencing factors are determined. It is found that the optimal dimensions of the proposed structure exist, which make the wave absorbing performance of the structure reach a perfect status under a wide wave frequency band.

若干广义非平衡Feistel结构的量子分析研究

分组密码结构对密码算法的安全性有着非常重要的作用.随着量子计算的发展,以Simon算法、Grover算法等为代表的量子搜索算法,广泛应用于分组密码安全性研究领域,并产生了一定的威胁.本文首次研究了对5种广义非平衡Feistel结构的量子攻击,对n-cell结构构造了n+1轮量子区分器;对New Structure Ⅰ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ结构分别构造了6轮/9轮/5轮量子区分器;对FBC-like结构构造了3轮量子区分器,并利用Simon算法对这5种分组密码结构进行了量子区分攻击.进一步,将Simon算法和Grover算法相结合对n-cell结构、New Structure Ⅰ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ结构和FBC-like结构进行了量子密钥恢复攻击,并分析了攻击的时间复杂度.攻击r>n+1轮n-cell结构的时间复杂度为O(2^((r-n-1)k/2));攻击r>6/14/9轮New Structure Ⅰ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ结构的时间复杂度分别为O(2^((r-6)k/2))/O(2^([2k+(r-14)k]/2))/O(2^([2k+(r-9)k]/2));攻击r>5轮FBC-like结构的时间复杂度为O(2^([3k+(r-5)·2k]/2)).结果表明这些攻击的效果均优于使用Grover算法进行穷举攻击.