Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) include a broad spectrum of defects of various gene products that affect interme-diary metabolism in the body. Studying the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of those inherited dis...Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) include a broad spectrum of defects of various gene products that affect interme-diary metabolism in the body. Studying the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of those inherited disorder, systematically summarizing the disease phenotype and natural history, providing diagnostic rationale and methodology and treatment strategy comprise the context of human biochemical genetics. This session focused on: (1) manifestations of representative metabolic disorders; (2) the emergent technology and application of newborn screening of metabolic disorders using tandem mass spec-trometry; (3) principles of managing IEM; (4) the concept of carrier testing aiming prevention. Early detection of patients with IEM allows early intervention and more options for treatment.展开更多
Background Data of classical inborn errors of metabolism （IEM） of amino acids, organic acids and fatty acid oxidation are largely lacking in Hong Kong, where mass spectrometry-based expanded newborn screening for IE...Background Data of classical inborn errors of metabolism （IEM） of amino acids, organic acids and fatty acid oxidation are largely lacking in Hong Kong, where mass spectrometry-based expanded newborn screening for IEM has not been initiated. The current study aimed to evaluate the approximate incidence, spectrum and other characteristics of classical IEM in Hong Kong, which would be important in developing an expanded newborn screening program for the local area.展开更多
Glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ （GAⅡ）, also known as multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase defciency, is an auto-somal recessive inborn error of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. We report a case of GAⅡ with novel electro...Glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ （GAⅡ）, also known as multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase defciency, is an auto-somal recessive inborn error of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. We report a case of GAⅡ with novel electron transfer flavoprotein （ETF）-A mutations in a 2-year-old female with thalassemia minor. The patient developed an episode of hypoglycemia and hypotonicityon the postnatal first day. Laboratory investigations revealed elevations of multiple acyl carnitines indicat-ing glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ in newborn screening analysis. Urinary organic acids were evaluated for the confrmation and revealed a high glutaric acid excretion. Genetic analysis revealed two novel mutations in the ETF-A gene, which are considered to be compound heterozygote. At the 8 mo of life ketone therapy was added, which significantly increased the neuromotor development. The patient had been closely followed for two years with carnitine, ribofavin, coenzyme Q10, and ketone supplementation in addition to a high carbohydrate diet. Although the patient had comorbidity like thalassemia minor, her neuromotor developmentwas normal for her age and had no major health problems. This specific case expands the previously reported spectrum of this disease.展开更多
目的:评估南京医科大学附属妇产医院(我院)新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)罕见病的发生情况,分析罕见病的变化趋势。方法:选取2013年1月—2020年12月我院分娩出生并在NICU治疗的危重新生儿,血、尿串联质谱筛查...目的:评估南京医科大学附属妇产医院(我院)新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)罕见病的发生情况,分析罕见病的变化趋势。方法:选取2013年1月—2020年12月我院分娩出生并在NICU治疗的危重新生儿,血、尿串联质谱筛查及基因检测明确为罕见病,用描述性研究方法对确诊患儿的疾病检出率、临床特征、基因改变及预后随访等情况进行归纳总结。结果:新生儿总量183820例,年分娩量从18863例逐年上升至26511例,年NICU住院患儿从2312例上升至2871例。共筛查出罕见病患儿34例,年罕见病检出率从0.43‰上升至4.39‰。筛查出的罕见病包括神经肌肉-骨骼疾病4例,遗传代谢性疾病18例,内分泌疾病2例,染色体缺失、异常6例,免疫系统疾病1例,其他3例。其中遗传代谢性疾病比例最高(占比约53%),其次为神经肌肉-骨骼疾病(占比约11%)。常规串联质谱筛查诊断的罕见病共15例,其余19例均是通过外显子测序技术确诊。各种罕见病具有其特异的临床表现。34例罕见病患儿中,死亡8例,18例患儿生长发育基本正常,7例患儿存在不同程度生长智力发育落后,1例失访。结论:新生儿罕见病检出率逐年上升,以常染色体遗传代谢性疾病为主,其病死及后期发育落后比例高。加强对新生儿罕见病临床认知,扩大遗传代谢病筛查范围,加强产前咨询和遗传咨询等是实现优生优育、杜绝罕见病危害的关键。展开更多
Application of TMS technology in newborn screening has resulted in major expansion of disorder panel for metabolic diseases in recent years. This automated, multiplex testing methodology detects multiple analytes from...Application of TMS technology in newborn screening has resulted in major expansion of disorder panel for metabolic diseases in recent years. This automated, multiplex testing methodology detects multiple analytes from single analysis of one blood spot, which leads to detection of 30-35 disorders of amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids metabolism. The early identification of persons affected with inborn errors of metabolism has led to unexpected discoveries related to the natural history of the disorder or options for therapy. This article summarized (1) the basic principles of this technology and methodology. (2) Current status of application of this methodology in the United States, European countries and in China. (3) The positive impacts on the public health and advances in medical genetics. Finally (4) Challenges, issues and possible solutions. The purpose of this article aimed at introducing new technology and exploring the possibilities of implementing into developing countries where medical genetics is not developed and foreseeing the possible problems and obstacles.展开更多
本文报告了1例HADHB基因复合杂合变异导致的致死型线粒体三功能蛋白缺乏症(mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency,MTPD)。患儿生后24 h内起病,以“吃奶少伴心肌酶异常”为主诉在生后第4天转至南京医科大学附属儿童医院。入...本文报告了1例HADHB基因复合杂合变异导致的致死型线粒体三功能蛋白缺乏症(mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency,MTPD)。患儿生后24 h内起病,以“吃奶少伴心肌酶异常”为主诉在生后第4天转至南京医科大学附属儿童医院。入院时体格检查见精神稍萎靡,反应尚可,心肺腹无明显异常;实验室检查肌酸激酶同工酶及肌钙蛋白均偏高,心电图提示窦性心动过速、肢导联低电压;血液代谢筛查提示十四烯酰基肉碱及多种3-羟基肉碱均偏高;全外显子组测序结果示胎儿HADHB基因复合杂合变异[c.739C>T(p.Arg247Cys)和c.607C>T(p.Arg203Ter,272)]。随访至3月龄,患儿受凉后出现吃奶差、精神差,再入院后出现心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭等多脏器功能障碍表现,经治疗无效后死亡。致死型MTPD较为罕见,目前无有效治疗措施,预后差。对于新生儿期出现不明原因心肌病、低血糖、酸中毒等代谢异常表现,应警惕致死型MTPD可能,新生儿期基因检测可早期明确诊断。展开更多
文摘Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) include a broad spectrum of defects of various gene products that affect interme-diary metabolism in the body. Studying the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of those inherited disorder, systematically summarizing the disease phenotype and natural history, providing diagnostic rationale and methodology and treatment strategy comprise the context of human biochemical genetics. This session focused on: (1) manifestations of representative metabolic disorders; (2) the emergent technology and application of newborn screening of metabolic disorders using tandem mass spec-trometry; (3) principles of managing IEM; (4) the concept of carrier testing aiming prevention. Early detection of patients with IEM allows early intervention and more options for treatment.
文摘Background Data of classical inborn errors of metabolism （IEM） of amino acids, organic acids and fatty acid oxidation are largely lacking in Hong Kong, where mass spectrometry-based expanded newborn screening for IEM has not been initiated. The current study aimed to evaluate the approximate incidence, spectrum and other characteristics of classical IEM in Hong Kong, which would be important in developing an expanded newborn screening program for the local area.
文摘Glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ （GAⅡ）, also known as multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase defciency, is an auto-somal recessive inborn error of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. We report a case of GAⅡ with novel electron transfer flavoprotein （ETF）-A mutations in a 2-year-old female with thalassemia minor. The patient developed an episode of hypoglycemia and hypotonicityon the postnatal first day. Laboratory investigations revealed elevations of multiple acyl carnitines indicat-ing glutaric acidemia type Ⅱ in newborn screening analysis. Urinary organic acids were evaluated for the confrmation and revealed a high glutaric acid excretion. Genetic analysis revealed two novel mutations in the ETF-A gene, which are considered to be compound heterozygote. At the 8 mo of life ketone therapy was added, which significantly increased the neuromotor development. The patient had been closely followed for two years with carnitine, ribofavin, coenzyme Q10, and ketone supplementation in addition to a high carbohydrate diet. Although the patient had comorbidity like thalassemia minor, her neuromotor developmentwas normal for her age and had no major health problems. This specific case expands the previously reported spectrum of this disease.
文摘目的:评估南京医科大学附属妇产医院(我院)新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)罕见病的发生情况,分析罕见病的变化趋势。方法:选取2013年1月—2020年12月我院分娩出生并在NICU治疗的危重新生儿,血、尿串联质谱筛查及基因检测明确为罕见病,用描述性研究方法对确诊患儿的疾病检出率、临床特征、基因改变及预后随访等情况进行归纳总结。结果:新生儿总量183820例,年分娩量从18863例逐年上升至26511例,年NICU住院患儿从2312例上升至2871例。共筛查出罕见病患儿34例,年罕见病检出率从0.43‰上升至4.39‰。筛查出的罕见病包括神经肌肉-骨骼疾病4例,遗传代谢性疾病18例,内分泌疾病2例,染色体缺失、异常6例,免疫系统疾病1例,其他3例。其中遗传代谢性疾病比例最高(占比约53%),其次为神经肌肉-骨骼疾病(占比约11%)。常规串联质谱筛查诊断的罕见病共15例,其余19例均是通过外显子测序技术确诊。各种罕见病具有其特异的临床表现。34例罕见病患儿中,死亡8例,18例患儿生长发育基本正常,7例患儿存在不同程度生长智力发育落后,1例失访。结论:新生儿罕见病检出率逐年上升,以常染色体遗传代谢性疾病为主,其病死及后期发育落后比例高。加强对新生儿罕见病临床认知,扩大遗传代谢病筛查范围,加强产前咨询和遗传咨询等是实现优生优育、杜绝罕见病危害的关键。
文摘Application of TMS technology in newborn screening has resulted in major expansion of disorder panel for metabolic diseases in recent years. This automated, multiplex testing methodology detects multiple analytes from single analysis of one blood spot, which leads to detection of 30-35 disorders of amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids metabolism. The early identification of persons affected with inborn errors of metabolism has led to unexpected discoveries related to the natural history of the disorder or options for therapy. This article summarized (1) the basic principles of this technology and methodology. (2) Current status of application of this methodology in the United States, European countries and in China. (3) The positive impacts on the public health and advances in medical genetics. Finally (4) Challenges, issues and possible solutions. The purpose of this article aimed at introducing new technology and exploring the possibilities of implementing into developing countries where medical genetics is not developed and foreseeing the possible problems and obstacles.
文摘本文报告了1例HADHB基因复合杂合变异导致的致死型线粒体三功能蛋白缺乏症(mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency,MTPD)。患儿生后24 h内起病,以“吃奶少伴心肌酶异常”为主诉在生后第4天转至南京医科大学附属儿童医院。入院时体格检查见精神稍萎靡,反应尚可,心肺腹无明显异常;实验室检查肌酸激酶同工酶及肌钙蛋白均偏高,心电图提示窦性心动过速、肢导联低电压;血液代谢筛查提示十四烯酰基肉碱及多种3-羟基肉碱均偏高;全外显子组测序结果示胎儿HADHB基因复合杂合变异[c.739C>T(p.Arg247Cys)和c.607C>T(p.Arg203Ter,272)]。随访至3月龄,患儿受凉后出现吃奶差、精神差,再入院后出现心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭等多脏器功能障碍表现,经治疗无效后死亡。致死型MTPD较为罕见,目前无有效治疗措施,预后差。对于新生儿期出现不明原因心肌病、低血糖、酸中毒等代谢异常表现,应警惕致死型MTPD可能,新生儿期基因检测可早期明确诊断。
