The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum oxidative stress induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on a corn...The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum oxidative stress induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on a cornsoybean basal diet as control diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg NiCl2. During the experimental period of 42 days, oxidative stress parameters were determined for both control and experimental groups. The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups than that in the control group. In contrast, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione per- oxidase (GSH-Px), and the ability to inhibit hydroxy radical, and glutathione hormone (GSH) content were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups in comparison with those of the control group. It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg could cause oxidative stress, which could finally impaired the antioxidant function in broilers.展开更多
In order to enhance the high-temperature stress rupture strength of brazing seam by heat treatment, it was diffusion treated, then solution heat treated, and finally aging treated. The microstructure of brazing seam e...In order to enhance the high-temperature stress rupture strength of brazing seam by heat treatment, it was diffusion treated, then solution heat treated, and finally aging treated. The microstructure of brazing seam especially morphology of gamma ' phase and boride was observed and the strength of brazing seam was measured in this process. The results show that heat treatment can enhance high-temperature stress rupture strength by improving the microstructure of brazing seam. The strength of brazing seam after solution heat treatment decreases in comparison with that only after diffusion treatment while aging treatment after solution heat treatment increases the strength of brazing seam.展开更多
The influence of Co, W and Ti on stress-rupture lives of a Ni-Cr-AI-Mo-Ta-Co-W-Ti single crystal nickel-base superalloy has been investigated using a L9 （34） orthogonal array design （OAD） by statistical analysis. ...The influence of Co, W and Ti on stress-rupture lives of a Ni-Cr-AI-Mo-Ta-Co-W-Ti single crystal nickel-base superalloy has been investigated using a L9 （34） orthogonal array design （OAD） by statistical analysis. At a selected composition range, Ti content was the most important factor to the effect of the stress-rupture lives and then followed by Co content. W content had the minimum effect on stress-rupture lives. The optimal alloy should contain 10 wt pct Co, 8 wt pct W and zero Ti. The optimized alloy also had good microstructural stability during thermal exposure at 870℃ for 500 h.展开更多
Borehole overcoring stress measurement with an improved hollow inclusion technique was carried out at 10 points on 3 levels in Jinchuan nickel mine which is situated in north-west of China. Through the measurement, 3-...Borehole overcoring stress measurement with an improved hollow inclusion technique was carried out at 10 points on 3 levels in Jinchuan nickel mine which is situated in north-west of China. Through the measurement, 3-D in situ stress state at the measuring points and distribution characteristics of the stress field in the mine were obtained. The stress state in Jinchuan mine is dominated by the horizontal tectonic stress field. The maximum principal stress is horizontal which is about twice the weight of the overburden and its orientation is approximately vertical to the regional tectonic line. The difference between two horizontal principal stresses is quite large which is an important reason to cause failure of underground excavations.展开更多
针对涡轮发动机涡轮叶片复杂应力状态下的时效变形问题,以涡轮叶片材料Waspaloy镍基合金为研究对象,开展Waspaloy镍基合金时效处理,完成时效态Waspaloy镍基合金600、700和750℃准静态高温力学拉伸试验。利用Ludwik和Hollomon经验公式预...针对涡轮发动机涡轮叶片复杂应力状态下的时效变形问题,以涡轮叶片材料Waspaloy镍基合金为研究对象,开展Waspaloy镍基合金时效处理,完成时效态Waspaloy镍基合金600、700和750℃准静态高温力学拉伸试验。利用Ludwik和Hollomon经验公式预测Waspaloy镍基合金高温塑性段流变应力,引入平均误差(the mean error,E_(r))和均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)评价流变应力的预测准确度。结果表明,时效处理后合金的硬度得到有效提升,而其塑性性能有所降低。Waspaloy镍基合金的抗拉强度和延伸率在600~750℃区间范围内与加载温度呈负相关关系。Ludwik模型较Hollomon模型有更高的流变应力预测精度,而在高温高应变区域Ludwik模型预测流变应力仍存在较大误差。在Ludwik模型的基础上引入指数项,修正后的Ludwik模型能更好地预测Waspaloy镍基合金高温塑性段的流变应力。展开更多
利用扫描电镜、Image Pro Plus软件和Nano Measurer软件研究了微孔在铸态、固溶处理态和完全热处理态的一种三代镍基单晶高温合金中的形貌及尺寸,采用蠕变试验机研究了微孔在合金持久试验过程中的演化。结果表明:铸态合金枝晶间区域γ/...利用扫描电镜、Image Pro Plus软件和Nano Measurer软件研究了微孔在铸态、固溶处理态和完全热处理态的一种三代镍基单晶高温合金中的形貌及尺寸,采用蠕变试验机研究了微孔在合金持久试验过程中的演化。结果表明:铸态合金枝晶间区域γ/γ′共晶边缘存在少量的不规则形状的微孔,微孔的体积分数约为0.09%,平均尺寸约为9.54μm;经固溶处理后合金中会产生圆形和方形的固溶微孔,固溶处理(1325℃)时间由4 h延长到8 h,固溶微孔的体积分数由0.42%增加到0.46%,增加了约10%。时效处理对固溶微孔的体积分数没有明显影响。固溶微孔会在合金持久过程中发展为裂纹源,最终导致持久断裂,方形微孔更易发展成裂纹。展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum oxidative stress induced by dietary nickel chloride (NiCl2) in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into four groups and fed on a cornsoybean basal diet as control diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg NiCl2. During the experimental period of 42 days, oxidative stress parameters were determined for both control and experimental groups. The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups than that in the control group. In contrast, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione per- oxidase (GSH-Px), and the ability to inhibit hydroxy radical, and glutathione hormone (GSH) content were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg and 900 mg/kg groups in comparison with those of the control group. It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in excess of 300 mg/kg could cause oxidative stress, which could finally impaired the antioxidant function in broilers.
文摘In order to enhance the high-temperature stress rupture strength of brazing seam by heat treatment, it was diffusion treated, then solution heat treated, and finally aging treated. The microstructure of brazing seam especially morphology of gamma ' phase and boride was observed and the strength of brazing seam was measured in this process. The results show that heat treatment can enhance high-temperature stress rupture strength by improving the microstructure of brazing seam. The strength of brazing seam after solution heat treatment decreases in comparison with that only after diffusion treatment while aging treatment after solution heat treatment increases the strength of brazing seam.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grand No.50474058.
文摘The influence of Co, W and Ti on stress-rupture lives of a Ni-Cr-AI-Mo-Ta-Co-W-Ti single crystal nickel-base superalloy has been investigated using a L9 （34） orthogonal array design （OAD） by statistical analysis. At a selected composition range, Ti content was the most important factor to the effect of the stress-rupture lives and then followed by Co content. W content had the minimum effect on stress-rupture lives. The optimal alloy should contain 10 wt pct Co, 8 wt pct W and zero Ti. The optimized alloy also had good microstructural stability during thermal exposure at 870℃ for 500 h.
文摘Borehole overcoring stress measurement with an improved hollow inclusion technique was carried out at 10 points on 3 levels in Jinchuan nickel mine which is situated in north-west of China. Through the measurement, 3-D in situ stress state at the measuring points and distribution characteristics of the stress field in the mine were obtained. The stress state in Jinchuan mine is dominated by the horizontal tectonic stress field. The maximum principal stress is horizontal which is about twice the weight of the overburden and its orientation is approximately vertical to the regional tectonic line. The difference between two horizontal principal stresses is quite large which is an important reason to cause failure of underground excavations.
文摘针对涡轮发动机涡轮叶片复杂应力状态下的时效变形问题,以涡轮叶片材料Waspaloy镍基合金为研究对象,开展Waspaloy镍基合金时效处理,完成时效态Waspaloy镍基合金600、700和750℃准静态高温力学拉伸试验。利用Ludwik和Hollomon经验公式预测Waspaloy镍基合金高温塑性段流变应力,引入平均误差(the mean error,E_(r))和均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)评价流变应力的预测准确度。结果表明,时效处理后合金的硬度得到有效提升,而其塑性性能有所降低。Waspaloy镍基合金的抗拉强度和延伸率在600~750℃区间范围内与加载温度呈负相关关系。Ludwik模型较Hollomon模型有更高的流变应力预测精度,而在高温高应变区域Ludwik模型预测流变应力仍存在较大误差。在Ludwik模型的基础上引入指数项,修正后的Ludwik模型能更好地预测Waspaloy镍基合金高温塑性段的流变应力。
基金the financial supports from the National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on High-Strength Lightweight Structural Materials of China(No.20190104)State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing of Central South University,China(No.ZZYJKT2020-03)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0300801)。
