Objective:To explore the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan(葫芦巴丸,HLBW)on the testis of diabetic rats.Methods:Twenty-four male Wistar rats(160–180 g)were randomly divided into 3 groups ...Objective:To explore the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan(葫芦巴丸,HLBW)on the testis of diabetic rats.Methods:Twenty-four male Wistar rats(160–180 g)were randomly divided into 3 groups according to a random number table,including a control group(n=8),diabetic group(n=8),and HLBW group(n=8).Diabetic rat model was established by high-fat-diet administration and single intravenous injection of streptozotocin(26 mg/kg).Then HLBW granule was administrated for 12 weeks.Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels as well as serum total testosterone level and testicular testosterone content were examined.Oxidative stress markers in both serum and testis were tested.Meanwhile,testicular morphology was observed under hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and the ultrastructure of Leydig cell was observed by electron microscope.The superoxide anion level was detected by DHE,and TUNEL-positive cells of testis was evaluated by TUNEL assay.The gene and protein expression of protein kinase C(PKCα),phosphorylated PKCα(P-PKCα)and P47 phox in testicular tissues were determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and Western bolt analysis.Results:Compared with the diabetic group,HLBW treatment significantly reduced the fasting glucose levels and increased the levels of fasting insulin and testosterone in serum(P<0.01).HLBW administration also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in plasma and alleviated the damage of oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats.Additionally,HLBW down-regulated the protein and m RNA levels of PKCα,P-PKCαand P47 phox in testicular tissues.Conclusion:HLBW may attenuate the oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats via PKCα/NAPDH oxidase signaling pathway.展开更多
Heterolytic and homolytic C D bond dissociation energies of three NADH models: BNAH-4,4-d 2 , HEH-4,4-d 2 and AcrD 2 in acetonitrile were first estimated by using an efficient method. The results showed that the heter...Heterolytic and homolytic C D bond dissociation energies of three NADH models: BNAH-4,4-d 2 , HEH-4,4-d 2 and AcrD 2 in acetonitrile were first estimated by using an efficient method. The results showed that the heterolytic C D bond dissociation energies are 65.2, 70.2, and 81.9 kcal/mol and the homolytic C D bond dissociation energies are 72.66, 70.69, and 74.95 kcal/mol for BNAH-4,4-d 2 , HEH-4,4-d 2 , and AcrD 2 , respectively. According to the bond dissociation energy differences of isotope isomers, an interesting conclusion can be made that the primary kinetic isotope effects are dependent not only on the zero-point energy difference of the isotope isomers, but also on the types of C D bond dissociations, and the C D bond homolytic dissociations should have much larger primary kinetic isotope effects (26.9 28.8) than the corresponding C D bond heterolytic dissociations (3.9-5.4).展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81703886,81273683)。
文摘Objective:To explore the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan(葫芦巴丸,HLBW)on the testis of diabetic rats.Methods:Twenty-four male Wistar rats(160–180 g)were randomly divided into 3 groups according to a random number table,including a control group(n=8),diabetic group(n=8),and HLBW group(n=8).Diabetic rat model was established by high-fat-diet administration and single intravenous injection of streptozotocin(26 mg/kg).Then HLBW granule was administrated for 12 weeks.Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels as well as serum total testosterone level and testicular testosterone content were examined.Oxidative stress markers in both serum and testis were tested.Meanwhile,testicular morphology was observed under hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and the ultrastructure of Leydig cell was observed by electron microscope.The superoxide anion level was detected by DHE,and TUNEL-positive cells of testis was evaluated by TUNEL assay.The gene and protein expression of protein kinase C(PKCα),phosphorylated PKCα(P-PKCα)and P47 phox in testicular tissues were determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and Western bolt analysis.Results:Compared with the diabetic group,HLBW treatment significantly reduced the fasting glucose levels and increased the levels of fasting insulin and testosterone in serum(P<0.01).HLBW administration also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in plasma and alleviated the damage of oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats.Additionally,HLBW down-regulated the protein and m RNA levels of PKCα,P-PKCαand P47 phox in testicular tissues.Conclusion:HLBW may attenuate the oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats via PKCα/NAPDH oxidase signaling pathway.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21072104, 20921120403 and 20832004)the National Basic Research Program of China (2004CB719905)the 111 Project (B06005) is gratefully acknowledged
文摘Heterolytic and homolytic C D bond dissociation energies of three NADH models: BNAH-4,4-d 2 , HEH-4,4-d 2 and AcrD 2 in acetonitrile were first estimated by using an efficient method. The results showed that the heterolytic C D bond dissociation energies are 65.2, 70.2, and 81.9 kcal/mol and the homolytic C D bond dissociation energies are 72.66, 70.69, and 74.95 kcal/mol for BNAH-4,4-d 2 , HEH-4,4-d 2 , and AcrD 2 , respectively. According to the bond dissociation energy differences of isotope isomers, an interesting conclusion can be made that the primary kinetic isotope effects are dependent not only on the zero-point energy difference of the isotope isomers, but also on the types of C D bond dissociations, and the C D bond homolytic dissociations should have much larger primary kinetic isotope effects (26.9 28.8) than the corresponding C D bond heterolytic dissociations (3.9-5.4).
