The denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation is an ecologically important process for reducing the potential methane emission into the atmosphere.The responsible bacterium for this process was Candidatus Methylomirabi...The denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation is an ecologically important process for reducing the potential methane emission into the atmosphere.The responsible bacterium for this process was Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera belonging to the bacterial phylum of NC10.In this study,a new pair of primers targeting all the five groups of NC10 bacteria was designed to amplify NC10 bacteria from different environmental niches.The results showed that the group A was the dominant NC10 phylum bacteria from the sludges and food waste digestate while in paddy soil samples,group A and group B had nearly the same proportion.Our results also indicated that NC10 bacteria could exist in a high p H environment（pH 9.24）from the food waste treatment facility.The Pearson relationship analysis showed that the p H had a significant positive relationship with the NC10 bacterial diversity（p0.05）.The redundancy analysis further revealed that the p H,volatile solid and nitrite nitrogen were the most important factors in shaping the NC10 bacterial structure（p=0.01）based on the variation inflation factors selection and Monte Carlo test（999 times）.Results of this study extended the existing molecular tools for studying the NC10 bacterial community structures and provided new information on the ecological distributions of NC10 bacteria.展开更多
内陆湿地与水体(如湖泊、河流、水库等)是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源。微生物介导的甲烷厌氧氧化(anaerobic oxidation of methane,AOM)反应在控制内陆湿地与水体甲烷排放中起着不可忽视的作用,对缓解全球温室效应具有重要意义。内陆湿...内陆湿地与水体(如湖泊、河流、水库等)是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源。微生物介导的甲烷厌氧氧化(anaerobic oxidation of methane,AOM)反应在控制内陆湿地与水体甲烷排放中起着不可忽视的作用,对缓解全球温室效应具有重要意义。内陆湿地与水体易形成缺氧环境,且电子受体的种类和数量繁多,是发生AOM反应的理想生境。近年来,不断有研究表明,内陆湿地与水体中存在多种电子受体(NO^(-)_(2)、NO^(-)_(3)、SO^(2-)_(4)、Fe(Ⅲ)等)驱动的AOM途径。NC10门细菌和甲烷厌氧氧化古菌(anaerobic methanotrophic archaea,ANME)的一新分支ANME^(-)_(2)d主导了湿地和水体环境中的AOM反应,其中ANME^(-)_(2)d具有根据环境条件选择不同电子受体的潜力。研究系统综述了内陆湿地与水体中不同电子受体驱动的AOM途径及其参与的主要功能微生物类群;分析了AOM反应在控制温室气体甲烷排放中的作用及其环境影响因素;总结了相关功能微生物的分子生物学检测方法及甲烷厌氧氧化活性测定的同位素示踪技术。最后,对未来相关研究方向进行了展望。展开更多
Colloform pyrite with core-rim texture is commonly deposited in carbonate platforms associated with the sulfide ores such as the Caixiashan Pb-Zn deposit.However,the genesis of colloform pyrite in Pb-Zn deposits,its g...Colloform pyrite with core-rim texture is commonly deposited in carbonate platforms associated with the sulfide ores such as the Caixiashan Pb-Zn deposit.However,the genesis of colloform pyrite in Pb-Zn deposits,its growth controls and their geological implication are insufficiently understood.Integration of in-situ trace element and SIMS sulfur isotopes has revealed geochemical variations among these pyrite layers.These colloform pyrite occur as residual phases of core-rim aggregates,the cores are made up of very fine-grained anhedral pyrite particles,with some rims being made up of fine-grained and poorlycrystallized pyrite,while the other rims were featured with euhedral cubic pyrite.which are cemented by fine-grained calcite and/or dolomite with minor quartz.Sulfur isotope analysis shows that some wellpreserved rims have negative δ^34 S values(-28.12‰to-0.49‰),whereas most of the cores and rims have positive δ^34 S values(>0 to+44.28‰;peak at+14.91‰).Integrating with the methane and sulfate were observed in previous fluid inclusion study,we suggest that the 34 S depleted rims were initially formed by bacteria sulfate reduction(BSR),whereas the positive δ^34 S values were resulted from the sulfate reduction driven by anaerobic methane oxidation(AOM).The well-developed authigenic pyrite and calcite may also support the reaction of AOM.Combined with petrographic observations,trace element composition of the colloform pyrite reveals the incorporation and precipitation behavior of those high abundance elements in the pyrite:Pb and Zn were present as mineral inclusion and likely precipitated before Fe,as supported by the time-resolved Pb-Zn signal spikes in most of the analyzed pyrite grains.Other metals,such as Hg,Co and Ni,may have migrated as chloride complexes and entered the pyrite lattice.Arsenic and Sb,generally influenced by complex-forming reactions rather than substitution ones,could also enter the pyrite lattice,or slightly predate the precipitation of colloform pyrite as mineral inclusions,which are controlled by their hydrolysis constant in the ore fluids.The colloform pyrite may have grown inward from the rims.The successive BSR reaction process would enrich H^32/2S in the overlying water column but reduce the metal content,the nucleation of these pyrite rims was featured by strongly negative sulfur isotopes.The following AOM process should be activated by deformation like the turbidity sediment of the mudstone as the sulfide deposition are associated with fault activities that caused the emission of methane migration upward and simultaneously replenishing the metal in the column.The higher AOM reaction rate and the higher metal supply(not only Fe.but with minor other metals such as Pb and Zn) caused by sediment movement enhanced the metal concentration within the pyrite lattice.展开更多
作为全球碳循环的重要环节之一,甲烷厌氧氧化作用(Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane,AOM)不仅是微生物生态学领域最具科学魅力、充满学术争议的问题之一,也是调节地质历史时期地球环境和气候变化的重要因素之一。近年来,针对包括海洋在...作为全球碳循环的重要环节之一,甲烷厌氧氧化作用(Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane,AOM)不仅是微生物生态学领域最具科学魅力、充满学术争议的问题之一,也是调节地质历史时期地球环境和气候变化的重要因素之一。近年来,针对包括海洋在内的各种环境中的AOM展开了大量的研究,然而迄今为止,对该反应的运作机制仍缺乏足够了解,其中包括该作用对海洋环境和气候系统在过去、现在和未来的影响机理和程度问题,这说明对于甲烷最重要汇的了解还存在着盲区。以现代海洋地质环境中的AOM为研究对象,综述了其产生机理、反应底物、电子受体、以及涉及到其中的微生物等方面的最新研究成果,探讨了该作用对于地球环境、气候的影响意义及地质学启示,并尝试展望了需要进一步研究的几点方向,希望藉此能引起广大研究者的兴趣与重视。展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund of Environmental Protection Research for Public Welfare, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (No. 201209022)the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for scholarship support
文摘The denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation is an ecologically important process for reducing the potential methane emission into the atmosphere.The responsible bacterium for this process was Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera belonging to the bacterial phylum of NC10.In this study,a new pair of primers targeting all the five groups of NC10 bacteria was designed to amplify NC10 bacteria from different environmental niches.The results showed that the group A was the dominant NC10 phylum bacteria from the sludges and food waste digestate while in paddy soil samples,group A and group B had nearly the same proportion.Our results also indicated that NC10 bacteria could exist in a high p H environment（pH 9.24）from the food waste treatment facility.The Pearson relationship analysis showed that the p H had a significant positive relationship with the NC10 bacterial diversity（p0.05）.The redundancy analysis further revealed that the p H,volatile solid and nitrite nitrogen were the most important factors in shaping the NC10 bacterial structure（p=0.01）based on the variation inflation factors selection and Monte Carlo test（999 times）.Results of this study extended the existing molecular tools for studying the NC10 bacterial community structures and provided new information on the ecological distributions of NC10 bacteria.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41702067 and 41602067)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0603603)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2017A0303113246)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(171gpy63 and 181gpy25)
文摘Colloform pyrite with core-rim texture is commonly deposited in carbonate platforms associated with the sulfide ores such as the Caixiashan Pb-Zn deposit.However,the genesis of colloform pyrite in Pb-Zn deposits,its growth controls and their geological implication are insufficiently understood.Integration of in-situ trace element and SIMS sulfur isotopes has revealed geochemical variations among these pyrite layers.These colloform pyrite occur as residual phases of core-rim aggregates,the cores are made up of very fine-grained anhedral pyrite particles,with some rims being made up of fine-grained and poorlycrystallized pyrite,while the other rims were featured with euhedral cubic pyrite.which are cemented by fine-grained calcite and/or dolomite with minor quartz.Sulfur isotope analysis shows that some wellpreserved rims have negative δ^34 S values(-28.12‰to-0.49‰),whereas most of the cores and rims have positive δ^34 S values(>0 to+44.28‰;peak at+14.91‰).Integrating with the methane and sulfate were observed in previous fluid inclusion study,we suggest that the 34 S depleted rims were initially formed by bacteria sulfate reduction(BSR),whereas the positive δ^34 S values were resulted from the sulfate reduction driven by anaerobic methane oxidation(AOM).The well-developed authigenic pyrite and calcite may also support the reaction of AOM.Combined with petrographic observations,trace element composition of the colloform pyrite reveals the incorporation and precipitation behavior of those high abundance elements in the pyrite:Pb and Zn were present as mineral inclusion and likely precipitated before Fe,as supported by the time-resolved Pb-Zn signal spikes in most of the analyzed pyrite grains.Other metals,such as Hg,Co and Ni,may have migrated as chloride complexes and entered the pyrite lattice.Arsenic and Sb,generally influenced by complex-forming reactions rather than substitution ones,could also enter the pyrite lattice,or slightly predate the precipitation of colloform pyrite as mineral inclusions,which are controlled by their hydrolysis constant in the ore fluids.The colloform pyrite may have grown inward from the rims.The successive BSR reaction process would enrich H^32/2S in the overlying water column but reduce the metal content,the nucleation of these pyrite rims was featured by strongly negative sulfur isotopes.The following AOM process should be activated by deformation like the turbidity sediment of the mudstone as the sulfide deposition are associated with fault activities that caused the emission of methane migration upward and simultaneously replenishing the metal in the column.The higher AOM reaction rate and the higher metal supply(not only Fe.but with minor other metals such as Pb and Zn) caused by sediment movement enhanced the metal concentration within the pyrite lattice.
文摘作为全球碳循环的重要环节之一,甲烷厌氧氧化作用(Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane,AOM)不仅是微生物生态学领域最具科学魅力、充满学术争议的问题之一,也是调节地质历史时期地球环境和气候变化的重要因素之一。近年来,针对包括海洋在内的各种环境中的AOM展开了大量的研究,然而迄今为止,对该反应的运作机制仍缺乏足够了解,其中包括该作用对海洋环境和气候系统在过去、现在和未来的影响机理和程度问题,这说明对于甲烷最重要汇的了解还存在着盲区。以现代海洋地质环境中的AOM为研究对象,综述了其产生机理、反应底物、电子受体、以及涉及到其中的微生物等方面的最新研究成果,探讨了该作用对于地球环境、气候的影响意义及地质学启示,并尝试展望了需要进一步研究的几点方向,希望藉此能引起广大研究者的兴趣与重视。
