近年来,近红外光谱技术在作物样品组分检测和育种材料快速筛选等方面得到广泛应用,而关于水稻源库器官,尤其是水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分高通量检测的研究鲜见报道。本研究以试验获得的576份代表性节间样本为材料,在获得样本化学实测值...近年来,近红外光谱技术在作物样品组分检测和育种材料快速筛选等方面得到广泛应用,而关于水稻源库器官,尤其是水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分高通量检测的研究鲜见报道。本研究以试验获得的576份代表性节间样本为材料,在获得样本化学实测值的基础上,采集样本的近红外光谱信息,并利用偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)法构建水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分蔗糖、淀粉、总氮模型。模型验证结果显示:水稻节间蔗糖、淀粉、总氮含量PLS模型验证集决定系数分别为0.988、0.977和0.957,相对分析误差均大于3,模型的性能指数分别为85.20、85.80和86.50,表明所建模型预测结果准确可靠。此外,水稻叶片和叶鞘的淀粉、总氮含量和碳氮比的PLS模型也具有较高的精度。本研究构建了水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分的近红外光谱模型,为水稻栽培生理和高产栽培理论研究提供了技术支撑。展开更多
In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial...In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial community during the nitrogen removal process using the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results revealed a total of 7974 and 33653 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) for water and sediment systems, respectively, with 97% similarity. The OTUs were found to be affiliated with eight main phyla(Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria). The diversity of the enhanced system was found to be higher than that of the control system. Principal component analysis(PCA) revealed that significant spatial and temporal differences were exhibited in the microbial community during nitrogen removal in the enclosure experiment. Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that physical parameters(temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH), nitrogen(total nitrogen and nitrate), functional genes(nirK and nirS), and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) were the most important factors affecting bacterial community function and composition. Lastly, the results suggested that the variation in the microbial community could be analyzed through the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology,which may provide technical support for future field tests.展开更多
选取三江源区果洛州不同坡度退化程度相近的高寒草甸,进行氮添加试验,运用Miseq PE250测序技术对土壤细菌16s rDNA进行序列测定和分析,探讨3个氮添加水平低等量氮添加(LN,2 g N·m^-2)、中等量氮添加(MN,5 g N·m^-2)、高等量...选取三江源区果洛州不同坡度退化程度相近的高寒草甸,进行氮添加试验,运用Miseq PE250测序技术对土壤细菌16s rDNA进行序列测定和分析,探讨3个氮添加水平低等量氮添加(LN,2 g N·m^-2)、中等量氮添加(MN,5 g N·m^-2)、高等量氮添加(HN,10 g N·m^-2)对不同坡度退化草地土壤细菌多样性的影响。结果表明:放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是研究区草地土壤中最主要的两大类群。缓坡地与陡坡地土壤细菌个别丰度极低的门以及61.4%以上(包括未鉴定的细菌属)细菌属存在显著差异(P<0.05)。不同施氮水平对退化高寒草地各细菌门以及大部分细菌属影响不显著,对一些丰度较低的属的影响显著(P<0.05),且在不同坡度所响应的细菌属不同。无论是缓坡地还是陡坡地,氮添加对退化高寒草甸土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异(P<0.05),土壤微生物丰富度和多样性整体上呈现出随着施氮量增加先减少后增加的趋势,中等量氮添加显著降低了土壤细菌丰富度和多样性,高水平氮添加显著抑制了土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性的下降(P<0.05),说明氮添加对细菌多样性的影响具有阈值限制性。展开更多
文摘近年来,近红外光谱技术在作物样品组分检测和育种材料快速筛选等方面得到广泛应用,而关于水稻源库器官,尤其是水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分高通量检测的研究鲜见报道。本研究以试验获得的576份代表性节间样本为材料,在获得样本化学实测值的基础上,采集样本的近红外光谱信息,并利用偏最小二乘(partial least square,PLS)法构建水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分蔗糖、淀粉、总氮模型。模型验证结果显示:水稻节间蔗糖、淀粉、总氮含量PLS模型验证集决定系数分别为0.988、0.977和0.957,相对分析误差均大于3,模型的性能指数分别为85.20、85.80和86.50,表明所建模型预测结果准确可靠。此外,水稻叶片和叶鞘的淀粉、总氮含量和碳氮比的PLS模型也具有较高的精度。本研究构建了水稻节间主要碳氮代谢组分的近红外光谱模型,为水稻栽培生理和高产栽培理论研究提供了技术支撑。
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program(Grant No.2012BAC04B02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51478378)
文摘In this study, the enclosure system exhibited perfect nitrogen removal performance with in situ oxygen-enhanced indigenous aerobic denitrifying bacteria in an enclosure experiment. We explored changes in the microbial community during the nitrogen removal process using the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results revealed a total of 7974 and 33653 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) for water and sediment systems, respectively, with 97% similarity. The OTUs were found to be affiliated with eight main phyla(Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria). The diversity of the enhanced system was found to be higher than that of the control system. Principal component analysis(PCA) revealed that significant spatial and temporal differences were exhibited in the microbial community during nitrogen removal in the enclosure experiment. Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that physical parameters(temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH), nitrogen(total nitrogen and nitrate), functional genes(nirK and nirS), and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) were the most important factors affecting bacterial community function and composition. Lastly, the results suggested that the variation in the microbial community could be analyzed through the MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology,which may provide technical support for future field tests.
文摘选取三江源区果洛州不同坡度退化程度相近的高寒草甸,进行氮添加试验,运用Miseq PE250测序技术对土壤细菌16s rDNA进行序列测定和分析,探讨3个氮添加水平低等量氮添加(LN,2 g N·m^-2)、中等量氮添加(MN,5 g N·m^-2)、高等量氮添加(HN,10 g N·m^-2)对不同坡度退化草地土壤细菌多样性的影响。结果表明:放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是研究区草地土壤中最主要的两大类群。缓坡地与陡坡地土壤细菌个别丰度极低的门以及61.4%以上(包括未鉴定的细菌属)细菌属存在显著差异(P<0.05)。不同施氮水平对退化高寒草地各细菌门以及大部分细菌属影响不显著,对一些丰度较低的属的影响显著(P<0.05),且在不同坡度所响应的细菌属不同。无论是缓坡地还是陡坡地,氮添加对退化高寒草甸土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异(P<0.05),土壤微生物丰富度和多样性整体上呈现出随着施氮量增加先减少后增加的趋势,中等量氮添加显著降低了土壤细菌丰富度和多样性,高水平氮添加显著抑制了土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性的下降(P<0.05),说明氮添加对细菌多样性的影响具有阈值限制性。