Risk factors for intussusception in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura:A case-control study

BACKGROUND The etiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)with intussusception remains undefined.AIM To investigate the risk factors for intussusception in children with HSP and gastrointestinal(GI)involvement.METHODS Sixty children with HSP and concomitant intussusception admitted to the Beijing Children’s Hospital of Capital Medical University between January 2006 and December 2018 were enrolled in this study.One hundred pediatric patients with HSP and GI involvement but without intussusception,admitted to the same hospital during the same period,were randomly selected as a control group.The baseline clinical characteristics of all patients,including sex,age of onset,duration of disease,clinical manifestations,laboratory test results,and treatments provided,were assessed.Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify possible risk factors.RESULTS The 60 children in the intussusception group comprised 27 girls(45%)and 33 boys(55%)and the 100 children in the non-intussusception group comprised 62 girls(62%)and 38 boys(38%).The median age of all patients were 6 years and 5 mo.Univariate and multiple regression analyses revealed age at onset,not receiving glucocorticoid therapy within 72 h of emergence of GI symptoms,hematochezia,and D-dimer levels as independent risk factors for intussusception in children with HSP(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The four independent risk factors for intussusception in pediatric HSP with GI involvement would be a reference for early prevention and treatment of this potentially fatal disease.

Severe Henoch-Schonlein purpura with infliximab forulcerative colitis

Infliximab （IFX） is an anti-tumor necrosis factorchimeric antibody that is effective for treatment ofautoimmune disorders such as Crohn＇s disease andulcerative colitis （UC）. IFX is well tolerated with alow incidence of adverse effects such as infections,skin reactions, autoimmunity, and malignancy.Dermatological manifestations can appear as infusionreaction, vasculitis, cutaneous infections, psoriasis,eczema, and skin cancer. Here, we present anunusual case of extensive and sporadic subcutaneousecchymosis in a 69-year-old woman with severe UC,partial colectomy and cecostomy, following her initialdose of IFX. The reaction occurred during infliximabinfusion, and withdrawal of IFX led to gradual alleviationof her symptoms. We concluded that Henoch-Sch？nleinpurpura, a kind of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, mighthave contributed to the development of the bruising.Although the precise mechanisms of the vasculitis arestill controversial, such a case highlights the importanceof subcutaneous adverse effects in the management ofUC with IFX.

Henoch-Schnlein purpura complicating adalimumab therapy for Crohn's disease

Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF) therapy has revolutionised the management of chronic inflammatory conditions.With ever increasing numbers of patients being treated with these agents,uncommon adverse reactions will inevitably occur more frequently.Cutaneous manifestations are associated with many of these chronic conditions and can complicate anti-TNF therapy in about 20% of cases.Vasculitic complications are rarely associated with anti-TNF therapy.Henoch-Schnlein purpura(HSP),a small vessel vasculitis,has been described following infliximab and etanercept therapy but never with adalimumab,a fully humanized TNF antibody.The risk of such immune-mediated reactions is theoretically less with adalimumab compared to infliximab but can still occur.Here we report the f irst case in the literature of HSP that can be attributed to the use of adalimumab in a 19-year-old male with recalcitrant Crohn's disease.

Effect of intestinal flora from children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura on visceral sensitivity, gastrointestinal hormones and cytokines secretion in pseudo-sterile rats

Objective:To investigate the effect of intestinal flora from Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)on visceral sensitivity,gastrointestinal hormones and cytokines in pseudo-sterile rats.Methods:The pseudo-sterile rat model was established.The rats were was given fecal microbiota solutions of children with abdominal HSP and healthy children,respectively.The visceral sensitivity was determined by abdominal withdrawal reflex(AWR)which was induced by rectal balloon distention in all the rats.And serum gastrin(Gas),motilin(MTL),cholecystokinin(CCK),substance P(SP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand interleukin(IL)-6 levels in rats were measured with ELISA method.Results:The volume of rectum water injection under the score 3 of AWR in the rats administrated with fecal microbiota solution from HSP children(HSP group)was significantly decreased compared with that in the rats administrated with fecal microbiota solution from healthy children(HC group),and there was significant difference between these two groups(P<0.05).The serum Gas,MTL,CCK and SP levels were higher in HSP group than those in HC group.And serum MTL,CCK and SP levels in HSP group were significantly different from those in the HC group.The serum TNF-αandIL-6 levels were higher in HSP group than those in HC group,there was significant difference between these two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Intestinal flora from HSP can induce the production of visceral sensitivity,inhibit gastrointestinal hormone secretion and prompt cytokine production.

Effect of Activation of the Ca2+-Permeable Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a on Acid-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Children

Acidosis in local environment plays a critical role in cell injury. One key mediator of acidosis-induced cell injury is the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), particularly ASIC1a. Herein, we investigated the role of ASIC1a in acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) children. Acid-induced ASIC1a, Calpain and Calcineurin expression in vascular endothelial cells pretreated with IgA1 isolated from HSP were detected by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot methods, respectively. Cell cytotoxicity was measured by interleukin-8 and nitric oxide production with ELISA. The results showed acid-induced ASIC1a, Calpain and Calcineurin expression in cells increased, especially at PH6.5. The cytotoxicity of vascular endothelial cells was increased by extracellular acidosis. Moreover non-specific or specific blockers of ASIC1a, Amiloride and PcTX-1 could remarkably decrease these parameters. These findings show that increased [Ca2+]i, mediated via ASIC1a, might contribute to acid-induced vascular endothelial cell injury of HSP.

一项回顾性研究:261例Henoch-Schnlein性紫癜患儿胃肠道表现

目的:小儿Henoch-Schonlein性紫癜(HSP)为儿童的一种IgA介导的自身免疫性血管炎。其常见症状为:紫癜性皮疹、腹痛、肾脏或关节受累等。HSP患儿以腹痛常见,但常被疑为肠套叠或肠穿孔。本文用粪便隐血试验和影像学方法来鉴别腹痛。方法:回顾性研究1991年12月至2001年12月间261例HSP患儿。对腹痛患儿进行影像学检测,包括:腹部超声、腹部CT。

Heat shock protein 70-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms in Chinese children with Henoch- Schönlein purpura

Background:Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)or IgAassociated vasculitis is related to immune disturbances.Polymorphisms of the heat shock protein 70-2 gene(HSP70-2)and the tumor necrosis factor-αgene(TNF-α)are known to be associated with immune diseases.The purpose of this study was to investigate the likely association of HSP70-2(+1267A/G)and TNF-α(+308A/G)gene polymorphisms with HSP in children.Methods:The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to detect the HSP70-2 and TNF-αpolymorphisms in 205 cases of children with HSP and 53 controls;and the association of these polymorphisms with HSP and HSP nephritis(HSPN)was analyzed.Results:The G/G genotypic frequencies at the+1267A/G position of HSP70-2 in the HSP group(22.9%)were signifi cantly higher than those in the healthy control group(9.4%)(χ^(2)=4.764,P<0.05).The frequencies of the A/A,A/G and G/G genotypes of HSP70-2 in patients in the nephritis-free group and the HSPN group showed no statistically significant difference.The A/A genotype frequency at the+308G/A position of TNF-αin the HSP group was 8.3%,which was higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=6.447,P<0.05).The A allele frequency of TNF-αin the HSP group was higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=7.241,P<0.05).Conclusions:The HSP70-2(+1267A/G)and TNF-α(+308G/A)gene polymorphisms were associated with HSP in children.The G/G homozygosity of HSP70-2 and the A/A homozygosity of TNF-αmay be genetic predisposing factors for HSP.

祛湿化斑颗粒通过调控IL/STAT信号通路对过敏性紫癜性肾炎大鼠的影响

探讨祛湿化斑颗粒(QSHB Gr)通过调控IL/STAT信号通路对过敏性紫癜性肾炎大鼠的影响及可能机制。将幼龄清洁(SPF)级SD大鼠36只随机分为6组:对照组、模型组、QSHB Gr/0.2剂低剂量组、QSHB Gr/0.4剂中剂量组、QSHB Gr/0.8剂高剂量组及霉酚酸酯(MMF 0.3 g/kg)组。综合模拟IgA肾病与血热证动物模型,复合成为过敏性紫癜肾炎大鼠(HSPN)模型;病理学检测肾脏损伤;测定血清肾脏生化指标总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)的质量浓度以及肌酐(Cre)和血尿素氮(BUN)的浓度;收集24 h尿观察尿量并检测尿蛋白排泄情况;免疫组织化检测肾脏免疫复合物IgA、IgG沉积;Elisa法检测IL-17、IL-6、IL-2及TGF-β1的含量;Western blot检测STAT3、STAT5、RORγt、FoxP3蛋白表达。结果显示:与HSPN大鼠相比,QSHB Gr治疗可以通过减轻肾脏组织病理损伤、升高血清TP、ALB浓度,降低Cre、BUN浓度及24 h尿蛋白水平(P<0.01)显著改善HSPN大鼠肾脏损伤,且各个指标随QSHB Gr剂量增加变化越明显。QSHB Gr治疗可以显著抑制肾脏免疫复合物IgA、IgG沉积;显著降低IL-17、IL-6及TGF-β1的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),升高IL-2含量(P<0.01);显著升高STAT5与FoxP3的表达水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),降低STAT3与RORγt的表达水平(P<0.01),各个指标随QSHB Gr剂量增加而变化越明显。以祛湿化斑颗粒(QSHB Gr)治疗可以改善过敏性紫癜性肾炎,可能是HSPN临床治疗的潜在候选药物。其机制可能与抑制IgA和IgG沉积及IL-6/STAT3与IL-2/STAT5信号通路调控密切相关。

过敏性紫癜患儿预后影响因素及其预测价值研究

目的:探讨过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿预后的影响因素及其预测价值。方法:选取HSP患儿150例为研究对象。根据患儿治疗后有无复发分为预后不良组(47例)和预后良好组(103例)。比较两组患儿一般资料及生化指标(白细胞计数、血小板计数、血清总蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、C-反应蛋白、免疫球蛋白A)。分析HSP患儿预后的影响因素及其对患儿预后不良的预测价值。结果:预后不良组皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害和呼吸道感染比例高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。预后不良组血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A水平高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A为HSP患儿预后的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。皮疹反复发作、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A对HSP患儿预后不良具有预测价值(均P<0.05)。结论:皮疹反复发作、初次发病伴肾损害、呼吸道感染、血小板计数、C-反应蛋白及免疫球蛋白A为HSP患儿预后的独立影响因素。除初次发病伴肾损害指标外,其余指标对HSP患儿预后不良具有一定预测价值。

基于数据挖掘的紫癜性肾炎动物模型分析

目的 基于文献挖掘探讨紫癜性肾炎动物模型的造模特点,为制备规范化的紫癜性肾炎动物模型提供参考。方法 通过计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed中英文数据库中相关研究文献,获取近20年紫癜性肾炎动物实验文献,将实验动物种类、造模方法、给药剂量、给药周期、成模标准及检测指标进行人工筛选,应用Microsoft Excel 2021软件建立数据库并进行统计分析,运用SPSS Modeler 18.0对高频指标进行关联规则分析并运用Cytoscape 3.6.1软件对关联网络图进行可视化升级。结果 归纳总结符合纳入标准的106篇文献,建立紫癜性肾炎动物模型多选用SD大鼠和KM小鼠,造模方式多选用药源性诱导,造模药物以牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin, BSA)+脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)+四氯化碳(carbon tetrachloride, CCl_4)+蓖麻油、卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)+弗氏完全佐剂、麦胶蛋白+印度墨水、牛血清白蛋白+葡萄糖菌肠毒素B(staphylococcus enterotoxin B,SEB)复刻紫癜性肾炎吻合度较高的动物模型,周期一般在5~14周,成模标准多选用皮肤紫癜,尿红细胞数增多,尿蛋白阳性,肾组织可见肾小球系膜增生及以免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)为主的免疫复合物沉积于小血管表示造模成功。检测指标共涉及36个医学指标,其中肾及尿液相关的检测指标23个,血液相关检测指标9个,其中使用频率≥10%的有24 h尿蛋白定量、白细胞介素、肾病理、尿红细胞计数、IgA及循环免疫复合物(circulation immune complex, CIC)、肌酐(creatinine, Cr)等10个指标,对高频指标进行聚类分析,结果表明多采用24 h尿蛋白定量-白细胞介素-肾病理-尿红细胞数-IgA综合评价模型。结论 现有的紫癜性肾炎动物实验多选用SD雄性大鼠和KM雌性小鼠,造模方式多采用药源性诱导,其中瘀热证复合IgA肾病法(病证结合法)具有重复性强、成模率高的优点,可为HSPN动物实验模型选择提供参考。

Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children:incidence,pathogenesis and management

Background:Henoch-Schönlein purpura(HSP)is one of the most common vasculitides in children.It is manifested by skin purpura,arthritis,abdominal pain,renal involvement,etc.Typically,HSP is considered to be self-limiting,although renal involvement(HSP purpura nephritis,HSPN)is the principal cause of morbidity from this disease.For this reason,it is important to clarify the mechanism of onset and clinical manifestations of HSPN and to ascertain the most appropriate treatment for HSPN.In this article,we review the updated pathophysiology and treatment strategies for HSPN.Data sources:We searched databases including PubMed,Elsevier and Wanfang for the folowing key words:Henoch-Schönlein purpura,nephritis,mechanism and treatment,and we selected those publications written in English that we judged to be relevant to the topic of this review.Results:Based on the data present in the literature,we reviewed the following topics:1)the possible pathogenesis of HSPN:several studies suggest that immunoglobulin A immune complexes deposit in the mesangium and induce renal injury;2)multiple-drug treatment for HSPN:although there have been few evidence-based treatment strategies for HSPN,several studies have suggested that immunosuppressive drugs and multiple drug combination therapy were effective in ameliorating proteinuria and histological severity.Conclusions:HSPN is a severe disease of childhood.To better understand this disease,detailed investigations into the pathogenesis of HSPN and prospective randomized controlled treatment studies on children with severe HSPN are needed.

粪钙卫蛋白在腹型过敏性紫癜中的相关研究进展

腹型过敏性紫癜(abdominal type of Henoch-Sch nlein purpura,AHSP)是一种由IgA介导的全身性血管炎,常发于儿童。AHSP由于症状非典型,故早期筛查诊断难度较大,常规通过胃肠镜检查确诊。钙卫蛋白由S100A8和S100A9蛋白亚体组成,一般来源于中性粒细胞,具有多种生物学作用。粪钙卫蛋白浓度与肠道炎症相关,用于评估胃肠道炎症。鉴于AHSP常伴胃肠道疾病,粪钙卫蛋白具备作为AHSP早期诊断指标的潜力。本研究综述了粪钙卫蛋白在AHSP早期诊断中的应用价值,旨在为将其作为AHSP的临床诊断指标增加理论依据。

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of membranoproliferative-like Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to defi ne the clinical manifestations, pathological features and prognosis of children with membranoproliferative-like Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), representing International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) grade VI. Methods: Among 245 patients with HSPN treated in our hospital between 2008 and 2010, nine patients (3.7%) were diagnosed with HSPN of ISKDC grade VI (males=5, females=4, age: 9.5±2.03 years, mean±SD). The clinical features, laboratory and pathologicalfi ndings, treatment and outcome of the 9 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 9 patients, 7 (78%) presented with hematuria and nephrotic syndrome, and were treated with steroids (oral prednisone or intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy) and immunosuppressants (oral tripterygium glycosides or intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy). One (11%) patient had hematuria and nephrotic range proteinuria (>50 mg/kg per 24 hours) and was treated with oral prednisone and tripterygium glycosides. Another (11%) patient presented with hematuria and moderate proteinuria (25-50 mg/kg per 24 hours) and was treated with oral tripterygium glycoside only. Histopathological examination showed diffuse glomerular mesangial and endocapillary proliferation, mesangial interposition, double-contour formation, podocyte hypertrophy, shedding, and cytoplasmic absorption droplets. The percentages of glomeruli with small cellular crescents varied from 4%-25% in 6 of 9 patients. Follow-up for 2 to 4 years showed excellent recovery in all patients. Conclusions: The main clinical feature of ISKDC grade VI HSPN in children is a nephrotic syndrome with hematuria. The excellent prognosis of the disease was probably related to early diagnosis and treatment with steroids and/or immunosuppressants, and mild degree of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial damage.

儿童血管内压力增高性紫癜误诊为过敏性紫癜临床分析

目的探讨儿童血管内压力增高性紫癜误诊为过敏性紫癜的原因、鉴别要点及防范措施。方法回顾性分析2023年3月至2024年3月收治的误诊为过敏性紫癜的血管内压力增高性紫癜患儿38例的临床资料。结果38例患儿初诊时出现不同程度的双侧下肢或双足、踝部针尖大小皮疹,散在或密集分布,不高出皮肤,压之不褪色。8例患儿皮疹亦可见于头面部、双侧上肢及躯干部。既往诊断为过敏性紫癜,予相应治疗未见明显缓解,详细询问患儿病史,观察皮疹形态及分布特点,完善实验室检查排除其他血液系统及免疫系统疾病后诊断为血管内压力增高性紫癜,予停药观察,随访24周。38例患儿中27例皮疹复发,未予药物干预自行消退。误诊时间为2~28周。全部病例均未出现肾脏损害。结论血管内压力增高性紫癜临床表现不典型,无特异性检查指标,易被误诊。临床需加强病史询问、皮疹形态的鉴别诊断,及时完善相关检查,减少误诊。

可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值在过敏性紫癜患儿血清中的变化及检测意义

目的:探讨可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)在过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿血清中的变化及检测意义。方法:选取接受诊治的HSP患儿86例(HSP组),另选取同时期体检健康儿童101例(对照组)。检测中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞及血清sVCAM-1,计算NLR。比较对照组和HSP组NLR、sVCAM-1水平变化。比较HSP组不同疾病分期患儿NLR、sVCAM-1水平变化。随访6个月,根据肾脏病变或复发情况将患儿分为预后不良组(14例)和预后良好组(72例)。比较HSP组不同预后患儿NLR与sVCAM-1水平变化,分析NLR与sVCAM-1水平对HSP患儿预后不良的预测价值。采用Pearson法分析HSP组NLR与sVCAM-1水平的相关性。结果:与对照组比较,HSP患儿NLR、sVCAM-1水平更高(均P<0.05)。在HSP组中,急性期患儿NLR、sVCAM-1水平高于恢复期患儿(均P<0.05)。预后不良组NLR、sVCAM-1水平高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。NLR联合sVCAM-1预测患儿预后不良的AUC为0.712,高于NLR与sVCAM-1单独预测的AUC(均P<0.05)。NLR与sVCAM-1水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:HSP患儿sVCAM-1和NLR水平升高,与病情活动性和预后有关,两者联合对患儿预后预测具有一定价值。

中医外治法治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的研究进展

过敏性紫癜(HSP)是一种以免疫球蛋白A介导的血管炎为主要特征的系统性血管炎症疾病,临床常表现为皮肤紫癜、关节炎、腹痛、肾病伴蛋白尿。目前HSP的发病机制尚不完全清楚,因此治疗的重点是对症支持治疗,常采用抗组胺药和血管保护药物等进行治疗。而中医外治法(如中药熏洗、灌肠、针灸)可直接作用于病变部位,治疗方式多样且疗效显著,可减少西药引起的胃肠反应及肝肾功能损伤,且患儿接受度高,有望在临床大量应用,以促进HSP患儿更快、更好恢复。

血清骨膜蛋白、多配体蛋白聚糖4与紫癜性肾炎患儿肾脏病理分级的关系

目的探讨紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)患儿血清骨膜蛋白(POSTN)、多配体蛋白聚糖4(SDC4)的水平及临床意义。方法将2019年3月—2021年12月在苏州大学附属儿童医院住院诊治的122例过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿根据是否并发肾损害分为HSPN组74例和HSP组48例,并选取同期40例健康儿童作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测各组血清POSTN、SDC4水平;分析血清POSTN、SDC4水平与HSPN患儿发病年龄、性别、血脂、凝血功能、肾功能、24 h尿蛋白定量及肾脏病理分级的关系;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清POSTN、SDC4水平对HSPN的早期诊断价值。结果HSPN组患儿血清POSTN、SDC4、24 h尿蛋白定量与体质量比值、尿微量白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮水平高于HSP组和对照组,HSP组患儿血清POSTN、SDC4、24 h尿蛋白定量与体质量比值、尿微量白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同肾脏病理分级的HSPN患儿血清POSTN、SDC4水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HSPN患儿血清POSTN、SDC4水平与24 h尿蛋白定量与体质量比值呈正相关(P<0.05),血清POSTN与SDC4表达水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。血清POSTN的ROC曲线的曲线下面积为0.788,敏感度为94.1%,特异度为59.2%;血清SDC4的ROC曲线的曲线下面积为0.842,敏感度为84.5%,特异度为69.2%。结论HSPN患儿血清POSTN、SDC4水平升高,二者表达水平与肾组织病理分级及24 h尿蛋白定量与体质量比值有关,检测血清POSTN、SDC4水平有助于HSPN的早期诊断。

高原地区不同类型过敏性紫癜藏族患者发病的相关危险因素

目的:分析高原地区不同类型过敏性紫癜(Henoch-Schonlein purpura,HSP)藏族患者发病的相关危险因素,为高原地区正确识别过敏性紫癜高危患者提供参考。方法:选择2014年4月至2022年3月西藏自治区人民医院风湿免疫血液内科收治的304例藏族HSP患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析,收集患者性别、年龄、过敏史、家族史、实验室指标[血红蛋白、血小板计数、嗜酸性粒细胞、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白蛋白、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白A、补体C3、补体C4和红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)]等数据,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析不同类型过敏性紫癜藏族患者发病的危险因素。结果:肾型HSP患者表现出较高的IgA[(9.2±1.7)g/L vs.(6.4±2.4)g/L,P=0.015]、较低的补体C3[(203.3±21.6)mg/dL vs.(301.1±19.5)mg/dL,P=0.043]和补体C4[(33.5±2.3)mg/dL vs.(53.0±7.2)mg/dL,P=0.032],腹型HSP患者表现出较低的血红蛋白[(119.6±19.6)g/L vs.(146.6±47.3)g/L,P=0.038]和血浆白蛋白[24.8(22.1,33.9)g/L vs.32.6(24.6,35.1)g/L,P=0.045],关节型HSP患者表现出更高的CRP[13.5(0.2,20.6)g/L vs.7.5(0.1,15.2)g/L,P=0.036]和ESR[24(5,40)mm/h vs.15(4,30)mm/h,P=0.049]。IgA升高、补体C4减低是肾型HSP的危险因素,贫血、血浆白蛋白降低是腹型HSP的危险因素,CRP升高是关节型HSP的危险因素。结论:高原地区不同类型的HSP临床特点存在差异,对于高IgA血症、低补体C4、贫血、低白蛋白血症、CRP明显升高的患者应高度警惕,给予早期有效干预可以提高临床疗效,避免病情向重症发展,改善预后。

349例儿童和成人紫癜性肾炎(血尿和蛋白尿型)临床和病理特点分析

目的:探讨349例儿童和成人HSPN(血尿和蛋白尿)临床和肾脏病理差异及其相关性。方法:回顾分析2017年01月—2019年12月,在河南中医药大学第一附属医院肾内科及儿科住院HSPN(血尿和蛋白尿型)患者的临床、生化及肾脏病理。结果:儿童组与成人组比较,24 h尿蛋白定量和血清胆固醇均显著降低(P<0.01),肾小球和肾小管间质主要病理级别为Ⅲa级和(+)级,成年组为Ⅲb级和(++)级,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);新月体比例低于成年组(P<0.01)。两组24 h尿蛋白定量与肾小球病理分级呈正相关(P<0.01;P<0.05),成人组血清白蛋白与肾小球病理分级呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:成人HSPN(血尿和蛋白尿型)患者的临床和新月体比例、病理分级比儿童严重;两组24 h尿蛋白定量与肾脏病理分级呈正相关。

清营凉血方对过敏性紫癜性肾炎大鼠肾组织超微结构及血栓调节蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察清营凉血方对过敏性紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)大鼠肾组织病理结构、超微结构和血栓调节蛋白(TM)表达的影响,探讨清营凉血方治疗过敏性紫癜性肾炎的作用机制。方法:25只大鼠随机分为5只正常组和20只造模组,造模组采用“牛血清白蛋白+脂多糖+四氯化碳”联合干姜造就HSPN瘀热模型,造模成功后,随机分为模型组、清营凉血方低、高剂量(11.05 g/kg、44.18 g/kg)组及氯沙坦钾片(7.13 mg/kg)组,每组5只。实验造模12周,每组给药5周,给药结束后,分别用光镜及透射电镜观察肾组织病理和超微结构,采用免疫荧光法观察肾组织IgA沉积情况,采用ELISA及WB法分别观察血清及肾组织中TM的表达情况。结果:清营凉血方可以减少肾组织中IgA沉积,所有给药组相较于模型组IgA沉积荧光强度显著降低(P<0.01);清营凉血方低、高剂量可以显著减少血清及肾组织中TM的表达(P<0.01)。结论:清营凉血方可以降低肾组织IgA沉积,修复肾组织病理损伤,改善足细胞足突融合,其机制可能与降低血清及肾组织TM的表达,改善血管内皮结构,减缓足细胞损伤,改善肾小球滤过屏障相关。