Micropropagation of Three Bamboo Species from Nodal Explants of Mature Culms

A micropropagation technique is developed for the multiplication of Dendrocalamus strictus （D. strictus）, Dendrocalamus asper （19. asper） and Bambusa bambos （B. bambos） through shoot proliferation. Nodal explants obtained from field gown clumps were used to initiate cultures. Shoots were induced on Murashige and Skoog＇s （MS） medium supplemented with 5 mg L^-1 6-benzylamino purine （BAP）. Rapid shoot multiplication was obtained on MS medium containing 3 mg Lt BAP in D. asper, B. bambos and 2 mg L^-1 BAP in D. strictus. In vitro multiplied shoots showed best root induction on half strength MS supplemented with 1 mg L^-1 indole-3 butyric acid （IBA） and 0.5 mg L^-1 1-naphthalene acetic acid （NAA） in D. asper. Pre-rooting conditioning followed by culturing on half strength MS supplemented with 1 mg L^-1 IBA and 2 mg L^-1 IBA showed maximum root induction in D. strictus and B. bambos, respectively. Further root proliferation was obtained on hormone free medium. The micropropagated plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred on soil in green house.

In vitro clonal propagation of Achyranthes aspera L. and Achyranthes bidentata Blume using nodal explants

Objective:To develop the reproducible in vitro propagation protocols for the medicinally important plants viz.,Achyranthes aspera(A.aspera)L.and Achyranthes bidentata(A.bidentata)Blume using nodal segments as explants.Methods:Young shoots of A.aspera and A.bidentata were harvested and washed with running tap water and treated with 0.1%bavistin and rinsed twice with distilled water.Then the explants were surface sterilized with 0.1%(w/v)HgCl_2 solutions for I min.After rinsing with sterile distilled water for 3-4 times,nodal segments were cut into smaller segments(1 cm)and used as the explants.The explants were placed horizontally as well as vertically on solid basal Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium supplemented with 3%sucrose,0.6%(w/v)agar(HiMedia,Mumbai)and different concentration and combination of 6-benzyl amino purine(BAP),kinetin(Kin),naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)and indole acetic acid(IAA)for direct regeneration.Results:Adventitious proliferation was obtained from A.aspera and A.bidentata nodal segments inoculated on MS basal medium with 3%sucrose and augmented with BAP and Kin with varied frequency.MS medium augmented with 3.0 mg/L of BAP showed the highest percentage(93.60±0.71)of shootlets formation for A.aspera and(94.70±0.53)percentages for A.bidentata.Maximum number of shoots/explants(10.60±0.36)for A.aspera and(9.50±0.56)for A.bidentata was observed in MS medium fortified with 5.0 mg/L of BAP.For A.aspera,maximum mean length(5.50±0.34)of shootlets was obtained in MS medium augmented with 3.0 mg/L of Kin and for A.bidentata(5.40±0.61)was observed in the very same concentration.The highest percentage,maximum number of rootlets/shootlet and mean length of rootlets were observed in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L of 1BA.Seventy percentages of plants were successfully established in polycups.Sixty eight percentages of plants were well established in the green house condition.Sixty five percentages of plants were established in the field.Conclusions:The results have shown that use of nodal buds is an alternative reproducible and dependable method for clonal propagation of A.aspera and A.bidentata.The high rate of direct shoot-root multiplication and their high rate of post-hardening survival indicate that this protocol can he easily adopted for commercial large scale cultivation.

Hormonal Requirements Trigger Different Organogenic Pathways on Tomato Nodal Explants

In this work, nodal-disk segments (4-6 mm in diameter × 5-6 mm in length) were obtained from established shoot culture, resulted from disinfected tomato seedlings, and they were suitable to induce different organogenic pathway under the influence of specific hormonal treatment. Application of BAP (1-2.5 mg/l) alone or in combination of 0.5 mg/l NAA resulted in induction of shoot formation. Somatic embryogenesis was rarely appeared (6%) when relatively low concentration of BAP (1.5 mg/l) with low concentration of IAA (0.5 mg/l IAA) was applied. Root induction was triggered when nodal explants or shoot cuttings were cultured on MS medium with (1 mg/l IAA, IBA or NAA) or without auxins, but the best result was obtained when 1 mg/l IAA was used. Application of 0.5 mg/l NAA stimulated callus formation but the best result was obtained when the three different phytohormoes were used (0.5 mg/l 2,4-D + 1 mg/l NAA + 0.5 mg/l BAP). These results indicated that nodal segments, as described in this protocol, can be used as alternative to other types of explants such as cotyledon, hypocotyl and leaf explants.

Efficient in vitro Propagation of an Endangered Species Kolkwitzia amabilis Graebn

This study developed an efficient in vitro cultivation and propagation sys- tem for an endangered species Kolkwitzia amabilis using nodal segments as ex- plants. Multiple shoots were induced through axillary bud formation. The highest fre- quency of multiple shoot induction was achieved when the nodal segment explants were incubated in Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium supplemented with 4.44 pM 6-benzyladenine （6-BA） in combination with 0.54 μM a-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA）, followed by treatment with 4.44 μM 6-BA in combination with 0.27 μM NAA. Shoot multiplication could be induced in MS medium supplemented with stand-alone 6-BA or 6-BA in combination with indole-3-acetic acid （1.71 μM） or NAA （0.27 or 0.54 μM）, with 6-BA and either compound, exhibiting a stronger effect on shoot multiplication. The optimum combination of plant growth regulators for shoot multiplication was 4.44 μM 6-BA with 0.27 μM NAA. The maximum rooting percentage was obtained in a half-strength MS medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid alone and in com- bination with NAA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, but the best combination of plant growth regulators for rooting was 1.48 μM indole-3-butyric acid with 1.08 μM NAA and 0.05 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The rooted shoots were trans- ferred to a greenhouse with a success rate of 100%.

优良保健树大叶冬青组培扩繁的研究

以大叶冬青具节茎段芽体增殖产生试管苗,适宜培养基为MS+1.0μmolNAA+8.8μmolBA或MS+1.0μmolNAA+9.1μmolZT;幼叶外植体诱导的愈伤组织块转培于WPM+5.0μmolTDZ+3.0μmolIAA培养基上,能产生较多不定芽苗(每一愈伤组织块平均产生11.2株);BA对大叶冬青外植体不定芽的处理能产生较好的增殖系数与高生长;试管苗适宜生根处理为1/4MS+1.0μmolNAA(或+1.0μmolIBA);室外移栽成活率达90%。

铁皮石斛茎节离体培养的研究

目的通过无菌茎段实现铁皮石斛快速繁殖。方法将铁皮石斛试管苗茎节接种于不同NAA浓度的MS培养基上诱导腋芽萌发,并在含不同激素配比和有机添加物的培养基上继代和诱导生根。结果NAA0.4mg/L,6-BA5mg/L时铁皮石斛腋芽萌发率达93.33%;NAA0.3mg/L,6-BA2mg/L时丛苗的生根率达96.67%,香蕉汁和土豆汁能够显著促进丛生芽的增殖和壮苗生根。结论建立了适合铁皮石斛茎段离体培养的快速繁殖体系。

栓皮栎茎段离体培养的研究

以4～6个月的实生苗茎段为外植体,研究了离体条件下培养基及激素对栓皮栎器官发生和植株再生的影响。结果表明:初代培养选用低盐培养基WPM、BTM和GD,附加0.2mg·L-16-BA,丛生芽较多,茎粗壮,生长势健壮,均好于高盐培养基MS。继代培养时,以BTM为基本培养基,添加0.2～0.6mg·L-16-BA有利于茎芽增殖和生长,当6-BA浓度为0.8～1.0mg·L-1时,不利于茎芽伸长。以WPM为基本培养基,附加NAA0.1mg·L-1和IBA0.25mg·L-1时,生根率高,根系发育好。

蒙古栎茎段的离体培养

以水培萌发的健壮茎段为外植体,研究了离体条件下培养基及激素对蒙古栎器官发生和植株再生的影响。结果表明,在培养基中添加0.2 g·L-1PVP能有效地抑制茎段褐化,在茎段初代培养中,以1/2MS基本培养基添加0.2 mg·L-16-BA培养效果最好,启动时间早,芽平均高3.00 cm,最高的可达5.20 cm。茎段增殖培养,以1/2MS+6-BA0.15 mg·L-1+KT0.15 mg·L-1效果最好,平均茎芽长接近3.00 cm,平均增殖系数为3.33;高质量浓度的6-BA对茎芽生长不利,基部高度愈伤化,出现玻璃化现象。茎段最佳生根培养基为MS+NAA0.02 mg·L-1+IBA0.05 mg·L-1,生根率达到62.5%。

成龄板栗组培快繁体系的建立及影响因素的研究

以迁西板栗主栽品种‘燕山早丰’为试材,采集其成龄树上当年抽生营养枝的茎段为外植体,研究了取样时期、基本培养基种类及植物生长调节剂组合对板栗不定芽诱导的影响,并采用L9(34)正交试验设计对增殖培养基进行筛选。结果表明:(1)外植体最佳取材时间为新梢旺盛生长期到半木质化期,即5月初至6月上旬;(2)不定芽诱导最佳基本培养基为MS,采用正交试验设计筛选出最佳激素组合为6-BA2.0 mg/L+IBA0.1 mg/L,诱导率达80%以上;(3)最佳增殖培养基为GD+ZT2.0 mg·L-1+NAA0.1 mg·L-1,增殖系数可达3.24。

Plantlet regeneration of adult Pinus massoniana Lamb. trees using explants collected in March and thidiazuron in culture medium

A protocol for micropropagation using nodal explants from mature Pinus massoniana trees has been developed. Time of explant collection is crucial for the initial success of aseptic culture. Explants collected in early March gave the highest percentage of explant survival (64.5%) and shoot-forming percentage (52.3%). Thidiazuron (TDZ) concentration significantly influenced shoot formation; 4 mu M TDZ was optimum, with 4.8 shoots produced per explant with a mean length of 7.1 cm after 120 days of culture. Regenerated shoots rooted for 60 days in basic medium with 1 mu M NAA were ready for growth in pots. This is the first report on plantlet regeneration in vitro from mature trees of P. massoniana that provides a reliable method for propagating selected elites.

山月桂‘奥运圣火’的组织培养与高效生根

生根困难一直是影响山月桂应用的主要问题,本研究以山月桂‘奥运圣火’带芽茎段为外植体,研究基本培养基、植物生长调节剂,以及珍珠岩对其腋芽萌发、组培苗的增殖、伸长和生根的影响。结果表明:最适合茎段腋芽萌发的培养基为WPM+1.0 mg/L 2-ip,萌发率可达72.5%;组培苗增殖的最佳培养基为WPM+1.0 mg/L 2-ip+0.05 mg/L NAA,增殖系数可达5.42,平均苗高达3.42 cm;最适合的生根培养基为:1/2 WPM+1.0 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L NAA+珍珠岩,生根率80.03%。将已经生根的组培苗炼苗后移栽到泥炭土和珍珠岩(1∶1,体积比)的混合基质中,成活率在60%左右。

墨西哥菊叶薯蓣茎段再生繁殖技术

【目的】建立高效稳定的菊叶薯蓣组织培养快繁体系,以保持品种的遗传稳定性。【方法】分别以室内和田间培育的墨西哥菊叶薯蓣藤茎茎段为外植体起始材料,比较依次用0.55%次氯酸钠、体积分数70%酒精和1.0g/L HgCl2消毒不同时间对外植体的消毒效果,并通过不同植物生长调节剂及其浓度组合筛选适合菊叶薯蓣组培快繁的茎段不顶芽诱导培养基、继代培养基和生根培养基。【结果】以室内培养的墨西哥菊叶薯蓣藤茎为起始材料,依次用0.55%次氯酸钠消毒5 min,体积分数70%酒精消毒1 min,1.0 g/L HgCl2消毒8 min,最后用无菌水清洗3次,获得材料的污染率可控制在5%;筛选出茎段不定芽诱导培养基为MS+3.0 mg/L BA+0.2 mg/L NAA,不定芽诱导数可达4.3个,诱导率达95%,且不定芽质量较好;将分化的不定芽转至MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.2 mg/L IBA继代培养基,单茎芽增殖率可达到3.5;茎芽在1/2 MS+1.0 mg/L IBA生根培养基上可以诱导出良好的根系。【结论】按上述方法培育的菊叶薯蓣生根试管苗炼苗后,移栽至珍珠岩+粗沙+田园土按体积比2∶1∶1配置的介质中,移栽成活率可以达到85%以上,表明所建立的墨西哥菊叶薯蓣组培快繁体系是可行的。

香樟涌金的组织培养和植株再生

【目的】探讨香樟涌金茎段组培快速繁殖方法,为工厂化生产香樟涌金组培苗提供技术支持。【方法】以香樟涌金带腋芽茎段（长1.0~1.5 cm）为外植体,进行腋芽诱导、丛生芽增殖及植株再生研究。【结果】香樟涌金腋芽在诱导培养基MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋IBA 0.02 mg/L中萌发率达100.0%,并能正常伸长展叶;在MS＋6-BA 3.0 mg/L＋IAA 0.05mg/L培养基中腋芽能正常生长并增殖,平均有效芽数6.5个;在1/2MS＋IBA 0.05 mg/L＋NAA 0.03 mg/L生根培养基中培养30 d后,有87.6%的丛生芽生根,移栽成活率达90.0%。【结论】MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋IBA 0.02 mg/L、MS＋6-BA 3.0mg/L＋IAA 0.05 mg/L、1/2MS＋IBA 0.05 mg/L＋NAA 0.03 mg/L可分别作为香樟涌金茎段腋芽最佳的诱导培养基、适宜的继代与增殖培养基和相对适合的生根培养基。

苦丁茶的组织培养研究

诱导苦丁茶具节茎段芽体发生、生长与增殖的培养基，以改良ＡｎｄｅｒｓｏｎＭＳ培养基＋ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＺＴ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＧＡ３０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ较为适宜；以改良ＡｎｄｅｒｓｏｎＭＳ培养基＋ＢＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＺＴ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ继代培养。培养时温度为２８℃，光照度为１５００ｌｘ，光照时间为１４ｈ／ｄ；生根处理用１／４ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基。

薄壳山核桃试管离体培养中不定芽诱导及增殖技术的研究

以薄壳山核桃实生幼苗具腋芽茎段为外植体,进行试管离体培养,以期研究其不定芽诱导及增殖技术。试验结果表明,在温度为28℃,光照度1 500 lx,光照时间为14 h/d的培养条件下,以MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+IBA 0.01mg/L为组成的培养基较适宜诱导供试外植体上不定芽的发生,诱导率达87%;以1/2MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+IBA0.1 mg/L为组成的培养基较适宜进行芽苗增殖培养,增殖系数为5.1。

香樟茎段组培快繁技术

以多年生香樟茎段为外植体,进行丛生芽的诱导和快速繁殖试验。结果表明:无菌茎段接种至MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+IBA 0.07 mg·L-1的诱导培养基中,腋芽明显萌动并伸长展叶,且萌发率为100%;在MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+NAA0.05 mg·L-1可形成大量丛生芽,平均有效芽数可达5.2个;在1/2 MS+IBA 0.05 mg·L-1生根培养基中培养20 d后,丛生芽全部生根,移栽成活率可达90%。

仙人掌的微繁殖(英文)

成功建立了仙人掌离体快繁的实验体系 ,并且对影响微繁殖的一些因素 ,诸如激素组合、外植体的物理状态、大量元素的含量等进行了研究。结果表明 :BA对仙人掌芽增殖具明显作用 ,MS +BA 5 .0mg/L +IBA 0 .1mg/L为最适增殖培养基 ;接种方式实验表明劈接优于整棵。钙、镁离子浓度对试管苗生长没有影响 ,但影响生根数及根长 ;NAA抑制根的伸长 ,但一定浓度可促进生根。总体而言 ,最适的生根培养基为 1 /2MS。同时发现块接比单芽接具有优势。试管苗在形态上出现一些变异。

奇岗微繁技术建立及幼苗耐盐性评价

以奇岗茎段作为外植体,确定了最佳取材时期、诱导培养基、生根培养基和分化培养基等,成功建立了奇岗微繁技术体系,并研究了不同浓度NaCl对微繁苗生长速率和生物量的影响。结果表明:腋芽生枝途径微繁体系以5~6叶期茎段为外植体,在75%酒精喷洒表面后,1.0%次氯酸钠浸泡20 min时,污染率为0且出芽诱导率较高(85.2%)。当诱导和继代的MS培养基添加5.0 mg·L^(-1)6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)和0.25 mg·L^(-1)萘乙酸(NAA)时,出芽诱导率为84.0%,繁殖系数最高(320.3%)。生根培养基添加5.0 g·L^(-1)活性炭适合于生根壮苗培养。将试管苗炼苗后移栽到不同NaCl浓度的培养液中,随着NaCl的浓度增加,微繁苗生长速率呈降低趋势;在低于0.8%NaCl条件下奇岗能正常成活,表明微繁苗具有较高的耐盐性。为奇岗快繁、遗传转化体系构建和在盐渍化土地推广应用提供了理论和技术支持。

香草兰组织培养新方法

[目的]降低生产成本,简化生产步骤。[方法]将3种培养基合并成一种培养基,对香草兰进行组织培养。[结果]采用该方法,既可节约成本,又可简化培养步骤。[结论]该研究成功地运用"简化培养基"进行香草兰的组织培养。

探讨aVR导联ST段抬高对PSVT的鉴别及旁道定位的价值

房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）和房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）是阵发性室上性心动过速（PSVT）中最常见的两种类型,共约占PSVT85%以上,鉴别两种心动过速对于确定射频消融部位有着重要的作用,而STaVR段在分析PSVT心电图时常常被忽略,我们通过对STaVR段抬高探讨其对AVRT与AVNRT的鉴别作用,以及测量STaVR段及STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF段改变情况,对旁道初步定位起到参考作用。