Synthesis, Structure and Third-order Non-linear Optical Properties of Tungsten Dioxo Complex with 8-Hydroxyquinoline Ligand WO_2(C_9H_6NO)_2

Tungsten dioxo complex WO 2(C 9H 6NO) 2 was obtained via the low temperature solid-state reaction of(NH 4) 2WS 4, 8-hydroxyquinoline(8-hq) and(CH 3) 4NI, and it was characterized by means of elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal of the title compound belongs to monoclinic, space group C2/c, with the crystal cell parameters: a=1.3316(3) nm, b=0.94444(19) nm, c=1.3485(3) nm, β=109.66(3)°, V=1.5970(6) nm 3, Z=6. The title compound possesses a supramolecular structure formed through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. The third-order non-linear optical(NLO) properties of the title compound were also investigated. The third-order non-linear absorption coefficient α 2 and refractive index n 2 are 0.85×10 -11 m/W -1 and -1.5×10 -19 m 2/W, respectively. The third-order non-linear susceptibility χ (3) is 3.03×10 -13 esu for 3.8×10 -5 mol/L sample concentration.

Oscillation Criteria of second Order Non-Linear Differential Equations

In this paper we are concerned with the oscillation criteria of second order non-linear homogeneous differential equation. Example have been given to illustrate the results.

A New Fourth Order Difference Approximation for the Solution of Three-dimensional Non-linear Biharmonic Equations Using Coupled Approach

This paper deals with a new higher order compact difference scheme, which is, O(h4) using coupled approach on the 19-point 3D stencil for the solution of three dimensional nonlinear biharmonic equations. At each internal grid point, the solution u(x,y,z) and its Laplacian Δ4u are obtained. The resulting stencil algo-rithm is presented and hence this new algorithm can be easily incorporated to solve many problems. The present discretization allows us to use the Dirichlet boundary conditions only and there is no need to discretize the derivative boundary conditions near the boundary. We also show that special treatment is required to handle the boundary conditions. Convergence analysis for a model problem is briefly discussed. The method is tested on three problems and compares very favourably with the corresponding second order approximation which we also discuss using coupled approach.

Approximate Solution of Non-Linear Reaction Diffusion Equations in Homogeneous Processes Coupled to Electrode Reactions for CE Mechanism at a Spherical Electrode

A mathematical model of CE reaction schemes under first or pseudo-first order conditions with different diffusion coefficients at a spherical electrode under non-steady-state conditions is described. The model is based on non-stationary diffusion equation containing a non-linear reaction term. This paper presents the complex numerical method (Homotopy perturbation method) to solve the system of non-linear differential equation that describes the homogeneous processes coupled to electrode reaction. In this paper the approximate analytical expressions of the non-steady-state concentrations and current at spherical electrodes for homogeneous reactions mechanisms are derived for all values of the reaction diffusion parameters. These approximate results are compared with the available analytical results and are found to be in good agreement.

基于扩张状态观测器的PMLSM高阶自适应非奇异快速终端滑模控制

为改善永磁直线同步电机控制系统的位置跟踪精度和鲁棒性,提出了一种基于扩张状态观测的高阶自适应非奇异快速终端滑模控制方案。首先,设计了一种高阶非奇异快速终端滑模面,通过引入反馈电流实现对电机位置、速度和电流的整体控制。其次,设计新型滑模趋近律,使控制系统能快速将误差趋近于零并削弱抖振。同时,引入自适应律估计并实时调整趋近律系数。最后,设计了扩张状态观测观测外部扰动,从而提高位置跟踪系统的动态和稳态性能。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了该控制系统的稳定性。通过仿真与实验验证,结果表明,提出的控制方法能有效提高系统的位置跟踪精度,并且增强了系统的抗干扰能力。

ON STABILITY OF SOLUTIONS OF CERTAIN FOURTH-ORDER DELAY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

By the use of the Liapunov functional approach, a new result is obtained to ascertain the asymptotic stability of zero solution of a certain fourth-order non-linear differential equation with delay. The established result is less restrictive than those reported in the literature.

Disturbance Observer Based Speed Control of PMSM Using Fractional Order PI Controller

In this paper, fractional order PI(FOPI) control is developed for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). Designing the parameters for FOPI controller is a challenging task, especially for nonlinear systems like PMSM.All three PI controllers in the conventional vector controlled speed drive are replaced by FOPI controllers. Design of these FOPI controllers is based on the locally linearized model of PMSM around an operating point. This operating point changes with the load torque. The novelty of the work reported here is in use of Non Linear Disturbance Observer(NLDO) to estimate load torque to obtain this new operating point. All three FOPI controllers are then designed adaptively using this new operating point. The scheme is tested on simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK and results are presented.

ON THE BOUNDEDNESS AND PERIODICITY OF THESOLUTIONS OF A CERTAIN VECTOR DIFFERENTIALEQUATION OF THIRD-ORDER

There are given sufficient conditions for the ultimate boundedness of solutions and for the existence of periodic solutions of a certain vector differential equation of third-order.

New Fourth Order Iterative Methods Second Derivative Free

In a recent paper, Noor and Khan [M. Aslam Noor, & W. A. Khan, (2012) New Iterative Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equation by Using Homotopy Perturbation Method, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 219, 3565-3574], suggested a fourth-order method for solving nonlinear equations. Per iteration in this method requires two evaluations of the function and two of its first derivatives;therefore, the efficiency index is 1.41421 as Newton’s method. In this paper, we modified this method and obtained a family of iterative methods for appropriate and suitable choice of the parameter. It should be noted that per iteration for the new methods requires two evaluations of the function and one evaluation of its first derivatives, so its efficiency index equals to 1.5874. Analysis of convergence shows that the methods are fourth-order. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance of the presented methods.

周期与色噪声联合作用下分数阶Duffing振子非平稳响应的无记忆方法

基于统计线性化提出了一种求解周期与色噪声激励联合作用下分数阶Duffing系统非平稳响应的无记忆方法。将系统响应分解为确定性周期和零均值随机分量之和,则原非线性运动方程可等效地化为一组耦合的、分别以确定性和随机动力响应为未知量的分数阶微分方程。利用无记忆化方法将确定性和随机分数阶微分方程转化为相应的常微分方程。利用统计线性化方法处理随机常微分方程,得到关于随机响应二阶矩的李雅普诺夫方程。利用数值算法联立求解李雅普诺夫微分方程和确定性常微分方程。通过Monte Carlo模拟,验证此方法的适用性和精度。

SOME OSCILLATION THEOREMS OF HIGHER ORDER NON－HOMOGENEOUS LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH TRANSCENDENTAL MEROMORPIC COEFFICIENTS

In this paper, we investigate the complex oscillation of the higher order differential equation where B0, ...,Bk-1,,F 0 are transcendental meromorpic functions having only finitely many poles. We obtain some precise estimates of the exponent of convergence of the zero sequence of meromorphic solutions for the above equation.

Hydrothermal Syntheses, Supramolecular Structures and the Third-order Non-linear Optical Properties of Three Copper(I) Halide Amine Complexes Connected via Secondary Bonding Interactions

The hydrothermal reactions of CuI, KI and bidentate amines [ 1,10 phenanthroline (phen) or ethylenediamine (en)] gave the three copper(I) halide compounds, Cu3I3(phen)2 (1), CuI(phen)2 (2) and 2 (3), which were structurally characterized via singlecrystal Xray diffraction studies. Hydrogen bonds and ππ interactions are the most remarkable structural features of the title compounds. All can be described as higherdimensional supramolecular compounds connected via these secondary bondings. Moreover, the title compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra and TGA analyses. The thirdorder nonlinear optical properties of the title compounds were also investigated and all exhibit nicer nonlinear absorption and selffocusing performance.Keywords copper(I) halide, hydrothermal synthesis, the thirdorder nonlinear optical property, supramolecular structure

永磁直线同步电机分数阶微分型边界层终端滑模控制

针对永磁直线同步电机易受参数摄动、负载扰动等不确定因素的影响,该文提出一种分数阶微分型边界层非奇异快速终端滑模控制(FO-NFTSMC)策略。首先,采用NFTSMC方法来抑制不确定因素对系统的影响,保证了跟踪误差在有限时间快速收敛,避免了奇异性;其次,在系统不确定上界未知的情况下,将Riemann-Liouville分数阶微分定义和边界层技术结合,实现一种新的分数阶微分型边界层控制,不仅具有整数阶边界层的输出特性,还具备“大误差大增益,小误差小增益”的功能,化解了整数阶边界层控制中的“弱抖振”与“快收敛”之间的矛盾,使得系统全局快速收敛;最后,实验结果表明,该策略提高了系统的跟踪精度与响应速度,对负载扰动和参数变化具有很强的抑制能力,同时有效地削弱了抖振现象。

一种基于高阶累积量的因果结构学习算法

从观测数据中学习因果结构具有重要的应用价值。目前,一类学习因果结构的方法是基于函数因果模型假设,通过检验噪声与原因变量的独立性来学习因果结构。然而,该类方法涉及高计算复杂度的独立性检验过程,影响结构学习算法的实用性和鲁棒性。为此,提出了一种在线性非高斯模型下,利用高阶累积量作为独立性评估的因果结构学习算法。该算法主要分为两个步骤,第一个步骤是利用基于条件独立性约束的方法学习到因果结构的马尔可夫等价类,第二个步骤是定义了一种基于高阶累积量的得分,该得分可以判别两个随机变量的独立性,从而可以从马尔可夫等价类中搜索到最佳独立性得分的因果结构作为算法的输出。该算法的优势在于:a)相比基于核方法的独立性检验,该方法有较低的计算复杂度;b)基于得分搜索的方法,可以得到一个最匹配数据生成过程的模型,提高学习方法的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,基于高阶累积量的因果结构学习方法在合成数据中F1得分提高了5%,并在真实数据中学习到更多的因果方向。

ON THE BOUNDEDNESS AND THE STABILITY OF SOLUTION TO THIRD ORDER NON-LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper we investigate the global asymptotic stability,boundedness as well as the ultimate boundedness of solutions to a general third order nonlinear differential equation,using complete Lyapunov function.

THE COMPLEX OSCILLATION OF NON－HOMOGENEOUS LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH INFINITE ORDER ENTIRE COEFFICIENTS

In this paper, we investigate the complex oscillation of the non-homogeneous linear differential equation f(k)+Ak-1f(k-1)+… + A0f= F,where among A k-1,…A0, there exists one Ad being an entire function with infinite order of growth, and the others Aj(j≠d) satisfy m(r,Aj) = 0{m(r,Ad)}, F≠0 is an entire function, and obtain some precise estimates of the exponent of convergence of the zero-sequence of its solutions.

从无序到有序——非线性是系统结构有序化的动力之源

科学史告诉我们,19世纪末物理学上空飘浮着两朵乌云,这就是否定以太存在的迈克尔逊—莫雷实验和热辐射理论中的紫外灾难。这两朵乌云导致了20世纪上半叶两次伟大的科学革命——相对论和量子力学的诞生。实际上,当时物理学上空还飘浮着第三朵乌云,它隐含着更严重的问题,那就是从热力学第二定律推出的"热寂说"——宇宙自发地走向无序,最后归于死寂。本文从"序"的概念出发,分析了有序与对称性破缺的关系以及有序与无序的辩证统一,强调指出非线性是系统结构有序化的动力之源,是宇宙演化发展的终极原因。

金属酞菁衍生物的合成及三阶非线性光学性能

合成了四硝基酞菁钴、四氨基酞菁钴以及二硝基二氨基酞菁钴等金属酞菁衍生物。根据IR、UV-Vis和元素分析,确定了它们的结构。使用四波混频技术测量了它们在DMF溶液中的三阶非线性光学系数χ(3)值,发现金属离子和酞菁环上的取代基对酞菁化合物的三阶非线性光学性能都有较大的影响。本文初步讨论了这些因素对三阶非线性光学性质的影响机理。

基于三次样条插值的硅压阻式压力传感器的温度补偿

传感器的零点温度漂移、灵敏度温度漂移和非线性误差是影响传感器性能的主要因素,如何能使该类误差得到有效补偿对于提高其性能有重要意义。提出了基于三次样条曲线插值的温度补偿方法,改进了传统三次样条曲线插值的补偿方法,分别对传感器的零点、灵敏度以及非线性进行补偿,用这种方法对测压范围为1.014 0×105Pa^3.014 0×105Pa,温度范围为-20℃^+60℃的硅压阻式压力传感器的实验标定结果进行了温度补偿。通过比较传统三次样条插值补偿后的传感器输出信号,验证了使用改进后的三次样条曲线插值法的补偿效果更好。这种方法为高精度压力传感器的温度补偿提供了一种有价值的理论依据。