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肥胖儿童non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的关系 被引量:4
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作者 焦朝艳 刘戈力 +4 位作者 鲍鹏丽 魏莹 杨箐岩 郑荣秀 赵菁 《天津医科大学学报》 2014年第1期25-28,共4页
目的:了解non-HDL-C和remnant cholesterol与肥胖儿童亚临床动脉粥样硬化(AS)的关系。方法:根据甘油三酯(TG)水平将65例肥胖儿童(肥胖组)分为I组(TG≥2.3 mmol/L)32例,II组(TG<2.3 mmol/L)33例,与肥胖组儿童性别年龄相匹配的正常体... 目的:了解non-HDL-C和remnant cholesterol与肥胖儿童亚临床动脉粥样硬化(AS)的关系。方法:根据甘油三酯(TG)水平将65例肥胖儿童(肥胖组)分为I组(TG≥2.3 mmol/L)32例,II组(TG<2.3 mmol/L)33例,与肥胖组儿童性别年龄相匹配的正常体质量儿童30例为III组(对照组)。比较3组儿童血脂指标,对肥胖组各项血脂指标与血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)进行相关性分析,肥胖患儿体质指数、血脂指标与颈动脉内径、内膜-中层厚度(c-IMT)、血流参数进行相关性分析。结果:I组、II组的TG、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol、AIP均较对照组升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)较对照组降低,且I组的remnant cholesterol、AIP均较II组升高。肥胖组儿童AIP与TG、non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关。37例行颈动脉超声检查的肥胖儿童的c-IMT较正常儿童的增厚。结论:non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol在肥胖儿童亚临床AS中有重要作用,在肥胖儿童血脂异常的治疗中应关注non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol的变化。 展开更多
关键词 儿童肥胖 亚临床动脉粥样硬化 non—HDL—C REMNANT CHOLESTEROL 血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数 颈动脉内膜-中层厚度
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Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis 被引量:13
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作者 Qiang Zhang Yi-Huan Fan +2 位作者 Teng Zhang Xiao-Lan Qin Ji-Fang Song 《TMR Integrative Medicine》 2017年第2期68-78,共11页
Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin(GP) in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: we performed a syst... Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin(GP) in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: we performed a systematicsearch in the electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database andWanfang Database up to 30 January 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of Shenqi Fuzheng Injectioncombined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC were searched, and all the RCTs wereconducted on methodological quality assessment. Data extraction and data analysis were according to standards ofCochrane systematic review. Results: Eight trials were included including a total of 701 patients. Meta-analysisresults: Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy could significantly improve the functionalstatus of patients with NSCLC (OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.26, 5.25], P 〈 0.0001) and clinical treatment efficacy (OR =(OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.20, 0.47], P 〈 0.0001. The rate of leukopenia (OR = .31, 95%CI [0.20,0.47], P 〈 0.0001),thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.58, 95%CI [0.37, 0.91], P = 0.020), hemoglobin decline ((OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.16,0.59], P = 0.0004) and incidence of gastrointestinal reactions (OR = 0.58,P 〈 0.05) could be reduced. Conclusion:Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC obtainedsignificantly clinical efficacy. The quality of the literature incorporated is low, the conclusion requires high-qualityresearch to further prove. 展开更多
关键词 Shenqi Fuzheng GP chemotherapy Advanced non - small cell lung cancer Meta analysis
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Analysis of Numerical Results in High Temperature Congealment and Chemistry Non-equilibrium Flow Field
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作者 Hong-tao Zheng Zhi-yong Tan +2 位作者 Hai-ou Sun Chun-liang Zhou Zhi-ming Li 《Journal of Marine Science and Application》 2002年第1期26-34,共9页
Using the air plasma ignition technique, physicochemical process of burning can be accelerated; concentration limit ofretrofires both can be extended; reliability of retrofires and stability of burning can be improved... Using the air plasma ignition technique, physicochemical process of burning can be accelerated; concentration limit ofretrofires both can be extended; reliability of retrofires and stability of burning can be improved. In this paper, using internalequivalent heat area in place of electric are that created Ohm heat, the flow fields of thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry con-gealment and chemistry non-equilibrium in the plasma generator were simulated. The influences of the inlet prerotation angleof air, the inlet total pressure of air and the airflow compression angle of spray nozzle on the temperature on the surface of elec- 展开更多
关键词 plasma GENERATOR CHEMISTRY non - EQUILIBRIUM IGNITION technique numerical calculation
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Turbulent Flow Action of Pulp in Wet - Laid Non - Woven Processes
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作者 程隆棣 黄秀宝 于修业 《Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2000年第3期57-59,共3页
The paper deals with the fluid field of web forming in wet-laid non-woven production.The influence of the turbulent flow on blending fiber and occluded fluid produced in pulp flow has been discussed in theory and prac... The paper deals with the fluid field of web forming in wet-laid non-woven production.The influence of the turbulent flow on blending fiber and occluded fluid produced in pulp flow has been discussed in theory and practice.The suitable use of the imported velocity of pulp is very important in producing wet-laid products of good quality. 展开更多
关键词 WET - laid non - woven fiber PULP FLOW TURBULENT FLOW layer FLUID occluded FLUID .
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CYFRA 21-1 as an early predictor of first line chemotherapy response in advanced non small cell lung cancer
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作者 Kashif Iqbal 《The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology》 CAS 2007年第3期250-253,共4页
Objective: In an era of ever evolving, promising new therapies for advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), early predictors of response to therapy, are needed. We evaluated early variations in CYFRA 21-1 serum... Objective: In an era of ever evolving, promising new therapies for advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), early predictors of response to therapy, are needed. We evaluated early variations in CYFRA 21-1 serum levels of patients with advanced NSCLC receiving first line chemotherapy and correlated the results with objective tumor response. Methods: 29 consecutive, previously untreated, patients of advanced non small cell lung cancer, with measurable disease on CT scan were evaluated. All patients were treated with conventional systemic chemotherapy, although the choice of chemotherapy was left to the discretion of the treating physicians. Serum samples were obtained immediately before the start of 1st and 2nd cycles of chemotherapy. CYFRA 21-1 was measured with an electrochemiluminescense immunoassay on an automatic analyzer (Elecsys 2000; Roche Diagnostics). Response was evaluated using Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) criteria. Results: 10 patients had partial response, 9 patients had stable disease and 9 had progressive disease. None of the patients had complete response. 21/29 (72%) patients had an elevated baseline value of CYFRA 21-1.62% patients (18/29) had a decrease in CYFRA 21-1 after 1 cycle of chemotherapy. The average reduction in the 2nd reading was irrespective of whether baseline value was normal or not. The average reduction was statistically significant (P = 0.002; 95% CI, from 0.8369 to 3.49464; t test). 8 out of 10 (80%) patients with partial response had a reduction in their 2nd reading of. CYFRA (P = 0.019; 95% CI, from 0.81965 to 7.20035; t test) which was significant. We also observed that 6/9 (66%) patients whose disease remains stable also had a decrease in their subsequent reading (P = 0.0106; 95% CI, from -0.44942 to 3.82720; t test), though it was not significant statistically. Although 5 out of 9 (55%) patients, who had an increase in their CYFRA 21-1 level, had progressive disease, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.537; 95% CI, from -1.20021 to 2.13354; ttest). 14 out of 19 (73%) who either had partial response or had stable disease, had a reduction in their 2nd value of CYFRA 21-1 and was significant statistically (P = 0.004; 95% CI, from 0.74792 to 3.50208; t test). We also observed that except for 1 patient, all patients who had a decrease of 42% or more in their subsequent CYFRA 21-1 level, were those who had either responded to chemotherapy or had stable disease (P = 0.001), which was statistically significant. Conclusion: We can conclude that monitoring of serum marker CYFRA 21-1, early dudng first-line chemotherapy may be a useful prognostic tool for evaluation of early tumor response in patients with advanced NSCLC. 展开更多
关键词 CYFRA 21-1 non small cell lung cancer CHEMOTHERAPY RESPONSE
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MiR-16-5p plays an inhibitory role in human non-small cell lung cancer through Fermitin family member 2
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作者 JUNQI GUO YUN YANG +6 位作者 WEI ZHAO ZHONGHAI YAN XIA YANG YUNFEI YAN RUIMIN HAO JINXIA HU FEI JIAO 《BIOCELL》 SCIE 2021年第3期627-638,共12页
Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant expressions of some microRNAs are associated with cancer progression.However,the roles and biological mechanisms of miRNA-16-5p in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)are... Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant expressions of some microRNAs are associated with cancer progression.However,the roles and biological mechanisms of miRNA-16-5p in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)are not to be well studied.Here,we validated that the expression of miR-16-5p was decreased significantly in NSCLC samples and cell lines.The correlation between the clinicopathological features of NSCLC and the miR-16-5p expression showed that the expression of miR-16-5p in non-small cell lung cancer was linked with the advanced TNM stage,positive lymph node metastasis,with short overall survival(OS).Also,a negative correlation between miR-16-5p and Fermitin family member 2(FERMT2)was observed,implying there may be a potential link about their regulation.The hypothesis was further confirmed by in-silico analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay.Moreover,we demonstrated that the transfections of miR-16-5p mimics could alter some biological characteristics of NSCLC cells remarkably accomplished by the expression variance of FERMT2 in vitro and in vivo assays.Summarily,this study demonstrated that miR-16-5p,as a tumor suppression factor in NSCLC by targeting FERMT2,could serve as one promising biomarker in the prediction for NSCLC patients. 展开更多
关键词 miR-16-5p non–small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) Fermitin family member 2(FERMT2) APOPTOSIS INVASION Overall survival(OS)
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FAREY SEQUENCE OF NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL DYNAMIC SYSTEM IN TWO DIMENSIONS 被引量:1
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作者 H. Q. Jin and S. N. Xu Shenyang Institute of Technology , Shenyang 110015 , China 《Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1999年第5期1234-1236,共3页
In this paper , through the discrim ination of Farey sequence in the forced Brusselator withweak coupling , it is proved that there is a topological translation fro m a nonlinear differen tial system ( limit cycle)... In this paper , through the discrim ination of Farey sequence in the forced Brusselator withweak coupling , it is proved that there is a topological translation fro m a nonlinear differen tial system ( limit cycle) to the circle m ap . 展开更多
关键词 non - linearity Farey sequence phase lock CHAOS
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Ways to Overcome Anxiety in the English Listening Class in College (SUN JING-YU KE SU-FEN)
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作者 孙晶玉 柯素芬 《呼伦贝尔学院学报》 1999年第1期74-77,87,共5页
In my ten-yeat experience of tenching English as major in college , I feel that students experience more difficulties in listening lessons than in other lessons. What, then, prevents students from achieving success in... In my ten-yeat experience of tenching English as major in college , I feel that students experience more difficulties in listening lessons than in other lessons. What, then, prevents students from achieving success in the listening class? I suggest that anxiety is one of the major factors, which interferes with students listening comprehension. And I would agree with writers such as Gardner and Horwitz et al. (1991)that anxiety may impede learner’s ability to perform successfully in all aspects of learning a foreign language. I feet it is particularly significant for listening. 展开更多
关键词 LISTENING anxiety creation of non - ANXIETY environment skills and process focus COUNSELLING corner exposure to authentic English
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邻接权制度的现代重塑
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作者 肖海 黄腾 《梧州学院学报》 2023年第2期1-6,共6页
该文通过研究邻接权的理论基础和探寻其历史来由,找到邻接权制度的最初功能定位,并结合现阶段新技术的发展对邻接权制度变革的需求,重新定位邻接权制度的功能,将邻接权制度功能重新定位在保护非独创性产品成果投资者的经济利益,将投入... 该文通过研究邻接权的理论基础和探寻其历史来由,找到邻接权制度的最初功能定位,并结合现阶段新技术的发展对邻接权制度变革的需求,重新定位邻接权制度的功能,将邻接权制度功能重新定位在保护非独创性产品成果投资者的经济利益,将投入技术、劳动、资金等的实质性投资者作为邻接权权利主体的判断标准,将客体的非创作性投入、邻接权客体的非独创性、邻接权客体与作品相关信息或与作品相近信息的相关性作为邻接权客体的判断标准。 展开更多
关键词 邻接权 实质性投资者 非独创性 著作权法
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无实质贡献署名作者的识别方法研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 张丽华 曾文 《图书情报导刊》 2023年第6期60-69,共10页
无实质贡献署名是指未对论文所涉及的研究有实质性贡献的人在论文中署名,是一种严重的科研失信行为。开展无实质贡献作者的识别方法研究,有助于发现不当署名现象并提出针对性的预防措施。在界定无实质贡献署名作者的基础上,阐述了3种识... 无实质贡献署名是指未对论文所涉及的研究有实质性贡献的人在论文中署名,是一种严重的科研失信行为。开展无实质贡献作者的识别方法研究,有助于发现不当署名现象并提出针对性的预防措施。在界定无实质贡献署名作者的基础上,阐述了3种识别方法的基本原理与应用现状,包括基于科学计量学、基于社会学调查以及基于作者贡献声明的方法。在3种识别方法中,社会学调查方法应用得最多,但主要集中于医学领域;科学计量学方法可能在开展大规模识别分析方面具有较大的应用前景;作者贡献声明量化方法仍有较大的研究空间。 展开更多
关键词 无实质贡献 不当署名 荣誉作者
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非货币慈善捐赠所得税扣除的制度困境与完善
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作者 陈鹏 《河南财经政法大学学报》 2023年第5期34-44,共11页
我国非货币财产慈善捐赠的路径不畅,其税制根源是缺少一套系统规定非货币财产估值和证明的规则。实现税收公平与税收效率平衡的非货币财产估值和证明规则能有效吸引社会财富流向慈善事业,实现慈善资源配置效率的最大化,而税收法定原则... 我国非货币财产慈善捐赠的路径不畅,其税制根源是缺少一套系统规定非货币财产估值和证明的规则。实现税收公平与税收效率平衡的非货币财产估值和证明规则能有效吸引社会财富流向慈善事业,实现慈善资源配置效率的最大化,而税收法定原则能系统重塑非货币财产慈善捐赠所得税扣除制度。应分别以公允市价和原值作为非货币贬值财产与非货币普通财产的慈善捐赠额,对于长期资本收益财产应综合考虑受赠慈善组织类型、非货币财产性质和慈善事业的重要程度等因素来决定是否将长期资本收益计入慈善捐赠额。取消企业非货币财产慈善捐赠的税会差异,强调税收效率在应急慈善捐赠中的地位以激励捐赠。根据非货币财产慈善捐赠额的高中低等级,来优化证明规则。 展开更多
关键词 共同富裕 非货币财产 慈善捐赠 估值和证明 所得税扣除
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氨基酸与钠离子非共价键相互作用的电喷雾质谱研究 被引量:3
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作者 吴胜明 杨松成 +6 位作者 王杰 王鸿丽 刘炳玉 李爱玲 何昆 魏开华 张学敏 《分析测试学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第z1期66-67,共2页
  实验研究中常常观察到钠离子与一些多肽或蛋白质有较强的非共价键结合能力,这种非共价键相互作用可能与生物的一些功能和活性有关.为了进一步了解这一结合作用,我们应用电喷雾质谱研究了常见的20种氨基酸与钠离子在溶液中的非共价...   实验研究中常常观察到钠离子与一些多肽或蛋白质有较强的非共价键结合能力,这种非共价键相互作用可能与生物的一些功能和活性有关.为了进一步了解这一结合作用,我们应用电喷雾质谱研究了常见的20种氨基酸与钠离子在溶液中的非共价键相互作用.实验研究中发现脯氨酸和苯丙胺酸与钠离子有较强的非共价键结合能力.…… 展开更多
关键词 Sodium ion Amino acids non - covalent interaction ESI - MS
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西部少数民族口传与非物质文化传承及发展的几点思考 被引量:14
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作者 王茜 白京兰 夏晨茹 《中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2007年第3期137-140,共4页
文章从口传与非物质文化遗产的传承及发展的角度,阐述了现代化发展过程中西部少数民族口传与非物质文化遗产存在的问题。口传与非物质文化“受众群”的迅速消失,使传承与发展面临着挑战,文化生态的载体——传承人队伍的生存危机,使口传... 文章从口传与非物质文化遗产的传承及发展的角度,阐述了现代化发展过程中西部少数民族口传与非物质文化遗产存在的问题。口传与非物质文化“受众群”的迅速消失,使传承与发展面临着挑战,文化生态的载体——传承人队伍的生存危机,使口传与非物质文化的传承及发展面临困境。进而提出了现阶段对西部口传与非物质文化传承及发展的思路,即全社会在观念上予以重视,政府政策上给予倾斜扶持,法律上通过立法保障。 展开更多
关键词 西部少数民族 口头与非物质文化 传承与发展
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转基因食品安全的几个问题 被引量:14
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作者 姜萍 殷正坤 《科学学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2002年第1期62-66,共5页
转基因食品的环境安全性和食用安全性问题近来成为公众争论的焦点。在这些争论中“非目标生物伤害”、“实质等同性”、“转基因食品要不要贴标签 ?”“和”预防性原则”成为热门话题。本文在介绍各方争论内容的基础上 ,做一简要评述 ,... 转基因食品的环境安全性和食用安全性问题近来成为公众争论的焦点。在这些争论中“非目标生物伤害”、“实质等同性”、“转基因食品要不要贴标签 ?”“和”预防性原则”成为热门话题。本文在介绍各方争论内容的基础上 ,做一简要评述 ,并根据我国目前的情况 。 展开更多
关键词 转基因食品 非目标生物伤害 实质等同性 标签 预防性原则 环境安全性 食用安全性
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国外有关非智力因素的实证研究 被引量:15
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作者 邢占军 黄立清 《心理学探新》 CSSCI 1999年第3期37-42,共6页
国外的许多心理学家已经对非智力因素问题进行了大量的实证性研究。心理测量学家们主要是围绕智力因素与非智力因素的关系展开研究。而一些教育心理学家和实验心理学家则宁可去研究动机、情感、人格等因素对学生学业成就的影响。对国外... 国外的许多心理学家已经对非智力因素问题进行了大量的实证性研究。心理测量学家们主要是围绕智力因素与非智力因素的关系展开研究。而一些教育心理学家和实验心理学家则宁可去研究动机、情感、人格等因素对学生学业成就的影响。对国外非智力因素实证研究的回顾将有助于今天国内的非智力因素研究。 展开更多
关键词 国外 非智力因素 实证研究 学生学业成就
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口头非物质文化遗产的物质层面——兼谈口头和非物质文化遗产的保护 被引量:23
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作者 邢莉 《中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2006年第6期76-81,共6页
口头非物质文化遗产的呈现形式并非都是非物质的,物质层面是口头和非物质文化遗产的载体。联合国教科文组织提出文化空间的概念,口头非物质文化遗产所依托的文化空间也是物质的。应该从口头非物质文化遗产的生存环境去探讨其与物质文化... 口头非物质文化遗产的呈现形式并非都是非物质的,物质层面是口头和非物质文化遗产的载体。联合国教科文组织提出文化空间的概念,口头非物质文化遗产所依托的文化空间也是物质的。应该从口头非物质文化遗产的生存环境去探讨其与物质文化遗产的关系。 展开更多
关键词 口头非物质文化遗产 物质层面 保护
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太极拳申报“人类非物质文化遗产代表作”的研究 被引量:6
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作者 虞定海 牛爱军 《上海体育学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2008年第6期59-61,69,共4页
太极拳已广泛进入国内各级非物质文化遗产保护名录,是我国民族传统体育中较有希望入选"人类非物质文化遗产代表作"的项目。认为,太极拳应作为一个包含各式流派的整体"申遗"项目,并抓住联合国"申遗"制度... 太极拳已广泛进入国内各级非物质文化遗产保护名录,是我国民族传统体育中较有希望入选"人类非物质文化遗产代表作"的项目。认为,太极拳应作为一个包含各式流派的整体"申遗"项目,并抓住联合国"申遗"制度改革的有利时机,建立长效机制,完善准备材料,健全申报机构,为成功申报奠定良好基础;并提出"申遗"的具体步骤与方案。 展开更多
关键词 太极拳 人类非物质文化遗产代表作 申报
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工业设计的物质与非物质形态 被引量:15
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作者 舒湘鄂 《包装工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第4期104-106,共3页
 论述了工业设计中的物质与非物质形态这一理念,及在设计中物质向非物质的转变过程。认为社会的产品将从一种"硬件形式"转变为"软件形式";物质与非物质的产品形态将改变工业设计的观念和方法,也将作为一个新的设...  论述了工业设计中的物质与非物质形态这一理念,及在设计中物质向非物质的转变过程。认为社会的产品将从一种"硬件形式"转变为"软件形式";物质与非物质的产品形态将改变工业设计的观念和方法,也将作为一个新的设计方法论。 展开更多
关键词 物质形式 非物质形式 设计自律
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谈非物质文化遗产的群体传承与文化精神 被引量:31
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作者 邢莉 《中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2008年第3期89-95,共7页
非物质文化遗产传承于民间、传承于群体,它的传承不是文本,不是录音和录像,而是以"人"与"群"为载体。群体在实践活动中直接参与,直接展演。民族民间文化传统是民众生活的一部分、生命的一部分,传承非物质文化遗产... 非物质文化遗产传承于民间、传承于群体,它的传承不是文本,不是录音和录像,而是以"人"与"群"为载体。群体在实践活动中直接参与,直接展演。民族民间文化传统是民众生活的一部分、生命的一部分,传承非物质文化遗产的是一个族群,一个群体。其传承的是民族文化生生不息的精神。 展开更多
关键词 非物质文化遗产 群体 传承 文化精神
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环境侵权归责原则之反思与重构——基于学说和实践的视角 被引量:68
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作者 张宝 《现代法学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2011年第4期89-96,共8页
归责原则是环境侵权制度的核心和关键,考察现行归责原则理论和实践不难发现,学说上存在过错责任与无过错责任之争,立法上面临《物权法》和《侵权责任法》的抵牾,实践中不同类型案件适用不同的归责原则。这三重悖论的根源,在于环境侵权... 归责原则是环境侵权制度的核心和关键,考察现行归责原则理论和实践不难发现,学说上存在过错责任与无过错责任之争,立法上面临《物权法》和《侵权责任法》的抵牾,实践中不同类型案件适用不同的归责原则。这三重悖论的根源,在于环境侵权未能依据环境学规律区分为拟制型污染侵权和实质型污染侵权,进而适用相应的归责原则:实质型污染侵权适用无过错责任;拟制型污染侵权适用过错推定责任,超标视为过错,在双方均无过错时,则以公平责任作为损失分担的原则。 展开更多
关键词 环境侵权 归责原则 拟制型污染 实质型污染 无过错责任 过错推定责任
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