The research focuses on the effectiveness of transluminal laser revascularization of the brain in the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions accompanied by vascular dementia development. 1125 patients aged from 29 to 81...The research focuses on the effectiveness of transluminal laser revascularization of the brain in the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions accompanied by vascular dementia development. 1125 patients aged from 29 to 81 (average age 75) suffering from various kinds of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral vessels were examined during the research. The examination plan included: computed tomography of the brain (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphy of the brain (SG), rheoencephalography (REG), cerebral multi-gated angiography (MUGA). 665 (59.11%) patients suffered from diseases accompanied by the development of vascular dementia. To perform transcatheter treatment, 639 patients were selected: Group 1 (CDR-1)—352 patients, Group 2 (CDR-2)—184 patients, Group 3 (CDR-3)—103 patients. To conduct revascularization of main intracranial arteries high-energy laser systems were used;for revascularization of the distal intracranial branches low-energy laser systems were used. The clinical outcome depended on the severity of dementia and the timing of the intervention. A good clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 281 (79.82%) cases, in Group 2 in 81 (44.02%) cases, in Group 3 in 9 (8.73%) cases. A satisfactory clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 53 (15.34%) cases, in Group 2 in 62 (33.70%) cases, in Group 3 in 31 (30.09%) cases. A relatively satisfactory clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 17 (4.83%) cases, in Group 2 in 41 (22.28%) cases, in Group 3 in 63 (61.16%) cases. No negative effect was observed after the intervention. Evaluating the data obtained it can be concluded that the method of transluminal laser revascularization of cerebral blood vessels is an effective one for the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions of the brain accompanied by dementia.展开更多
Introduction: Dementia is frequently associated with Parkinson’s disease, especially in later stages. Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChI) in Alzheimer’s dementia is well established. However, treatment with ...Introduction: Dementia is frequently associated with Parkinson’s disease, especially in later stages. Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChI) in Alzheimer’s dementia is well established. However, treatment with ChI in Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) remains controversial. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of ChI in PDD. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library up to March 2014 using the descriptors “Parkinson’s disease”, “dementia in Parkinson’s disease”, “cognition”, “acetylcholinesterase inhibitors”, “cholinesterase inhibitors”, “anticholinesterase agents”, “rivastigmine”, “donepezil” and “galantamine” (Pubmed search strategy). All randomized, doubleblinded, placebo-controlled trials that met the eligibility criteria and assessed the effects of ChI in PDD were considered for analysis. There were no restrictions regarding paper language. Summary effect-sizes were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) and the pooled analysis was performed with a fixed-effects model. Outcomes considered for analysis were the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) score and the cognition scale for evaluation of dementia ADAS-Cog. The degree of heterogeneity between included studies was assessed through the I2 test. Results: After a comprehensive search, 175 references were retrieved. From these, five randomized trials involving 946PDD subjects were included in the review. Four studies used donepezil and only one study used rivastigmine. The pooled analysis of five studies that assessed the effects of ChI in MMSE total score showed a SMD of 0.24 (CI 95% 0.11 - 0.38). Three studies considered the effects of ChI on Adas-Cog and the pooled results showed a SMD of 0.21 (CI 95% 0.07 - 0.35). There was no significant heterogeneity between the studies. Conclusions: The results of this systematic review and meta- analysis suggest that ChI improves cognitive impairment in PDD subjects. Despite statistically significant, the translation of these results into relevant clinical improvement should be taken with caution, as the studies did not address what would be considered a clinically significant result.展开更多
目的探讨奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞对非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment of non-dementia,VCIND)患者的临床疗效。方法将64例VCIND患者随机分为对照组与联合组,每组32例。2组均接受常规治疗,对照组给予奥拉西坦治疗,联合...目的探讨奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞对非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment of non-dementia,VCIND)患者的临床疗效。方法将64例VCIND患者随机分为对照组与联合组,每组32例。2组均接受常规治疗,对照组给予奥拉西坦治疗,联合组给予奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞治疗,疗程为3个月。比较2组患者治疗前后蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment scale,MoCA)评分、简易精神状态评价量表(mini mental state evaluation scale,MMSE)、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(national institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分和日常生活活动能力量表(activity of daily living scale,ADL)评分,检测血清转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)、抗凋亡因子(anti-apoptotic factor,Livin)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)和神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)水平的变化,检测脑血管平均血流速度(mean velocity,V_(m))、动脉搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)与阻力指数(resistance index,RI)。结果治疗后,2组MoCA、MMSE和ADL评分均升高,NIHSS评分均降低,且联合组MoCA、MMSE和ADL评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组脑血管V_(m)均升高,PI和RI均降低,且联合组显著优于对照组(P<0.05);2组血清MMP-9NSE均降低,TGF-β、Livin和NGF水平均升高,且联合组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论奥拉西坦联合丁苯酞治疗VCIND可有效改善患者的脑血管功能,保护神经功能及认知功能,其机制可能与纠正血清TGF-β、MMP-9、Livin、NSE及NGF水平有关。展开更多
目的采用网状meta分析的方法评价基于非药物疗法的多种干预措施治疗脑卒中后认知障碍的有效性和安全性。方法系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、MEDLINE,中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数...目的采用网状meta分析的方法评价基于非药物疗法的多种干预措施治疗脑卒中后认知障碍的有效性和安全性。方法系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、MEDLINE,中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库中有关不同治疗措施对于脑卒中后认知障碍患者治疗效果的随机对照试验,检索时间建库至2023年10月。按照文献纳入、排除标准进行筛选、质量评估和信息提取,采用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.4进行数据分析及制图。结果本研究纳入了42项随机对照试验,共涉及2965例卒中后认知障碍患者和5种非药物疗法。网状meta分析结果显示,在简易智能状态检查量表评分方面:针灸[标准化均数差(SMD)=1.02,95%CI:0.52~1.53]、经颅磁刺激(SMD=1.03,95%CI:0.43~1.63)、经颅直流电刺激(SMD=0.79,95%CI:0.18~1.39)、计算机辅助认知训练(SMD=0.69,95%CI:0.23~1.16)与常规护理措施比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据累积排序概率曲线下面积(SUCRA)值排序结果显示,针灸成为最佳非药物治疗措施的可能性最大(SUCRA=76.9)。在蒙特利尔认知评分方面:经颅磁刺激(SMD=2.10,95%CI:1.15~3.05)、经颅直流电刺激(SMD=1.30,95%CI:0.01~2.59)与常规护理措施比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据SUCRA值由高到低排序为:重复经颅磁刺激、经颅直流电刺激、针灸、计算机辅助认知训练、虚拟现实技术、常规护理。在日常生活能力评分方面:针灸(SMD=1.44,95%CI:0.86~2.03)、经颅直流电刺激(SMD=1.32,95%CI:0.58~2.06)、经颅磁刺激(SMD=0.86,95%CI:0.32~1.40)与常规护理措施比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。针灸(SMD=1.46,95%CI:0.41~2.52)、经颅直流电刺激(SMD=1.34,95%CI:0.11~2.57)与虚拟现实技术比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SUCRA排序结果显示,针灸(SUCRA=83.3)成为最佳治疗措施的可能性最大。结论目前研究表明,针灸和经颅磁刺激在改善卒中后认知障碍患者认知功能及日常生活能力方面效果更好。在未来的研究中,应重视非药物治疗对脑卒中后认知功能的改善,并根据患者病情特点选择合适的干预措施。展开更多
目的探讨缺血性脑卒中后非痴呆认知功能障碍(cognitive impairment no dementia,CIND)的危险因素。方法以19～80岁汉族初发缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,起病后3个月采用简易智能量表和美国精神疾病统计和诊断手册第4版修订本进行认知测...目的探讨缺血性脑卒中后非痴呆认知功能障碍(cognitive impairment no dementia,CIND)的危险因素。方法以19～80岁汉族初发缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,起病后3个月采用简易智能量表和美国精神疾病统计和诊断手册第4版修订本进行认知测定,利用单因素和多元Logistic回归分析研究CIND患者的危险因素。结果185例研究对象纳入统计分析,42例诊断为CIND,占22.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,大面积和中等面积梗死(OR:4.687,P<0.05;OR:4.734,P<0.05)、糖尿病(OR:2.887,P<0.05)是缺血性卒中后CIND的独立危险因素。结论糖尿病、梗死面积是缺血性脑卒中后CIND的独立危险因素。展开更多
文摘The research focuses on the effectiveness of transluminal laser revascularization of the brain in the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions accompanied by vascular dementia development. 1125 patients aged from 29 to 81 (average age 75) suffering from various kinds of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral vessels were examined during the research. The examination plan included: computed tomography of the brain (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scintigraphy of the brain (SG), rheoencephalography (REG), cerebral multi-gated angiography (MUGA). 665 (59.11%) patients suffered from diseases accompanied by the development of vascular dementia. To perform transcatheter treatment, 639 patients were selected: Group 1 (CDR-1)—352 patients, Group 2 (CDR-2)—184 patients, Group 3 (CDR-3)—103 patients. To conduct revascularization of main intracranial arteries high-energy laser systems were used;for revascularization of the distal intracranial branches low-energy laser systems were used. The clinical outcome depended on the severity of dementia and the timing of the intervention. A good clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 281 (79.82%) cases, in Group 2 in 81 (44.02%) cases, in Group 3 in 9 (8.73%) cases. A satisfactory clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 53 (15.34%) cases, in Group 2 in 62 (33.70%) cases, in Group 3 in 31 (30.09%) cases. A relatively satisfactory clinical outcome in Group 1 was obtained in 17 (4.83%) cases, in Group 2 in 41 (22.28%) cases, in Group 3 in 63 (61.16%) cases. No negative effect was observed after the intervention. Evaluating the data obtained it can be concluded that the method of transluminal laser revascularization of cerebral blood vessels is an effective one for the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions of the brain accompanied by dementia.
文摘Introduction: Dementia is frequently associated with Parkinson’s disease, especially in later stages. Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChI) in Alzheimer’s dementia is well established. However, treatment with ChI in Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) remains controversial. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of ChI in PDD. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library up to March 2014 using the descriptors “Parkinson’s disease”, “dementia in Parkinson’s disease”, “cognition”, “acetylcholinesterase inhibitors”, “cholinesterase inhibitors”, “anticholinesterase agents”, “rivastigmine”, “donepezil” and “galantamine” (Pubmed search strategy). All randomized, doubleblinded, placebo-controlled trials that met the eligibility criteria and assessed the effects of ChI in PDD were considered for analysis. There were no restrictions regarding paper language. Summary effect-sizes were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) and the pooled analysis was performed with a fixed-effects model. Outcomes considered for analysis were the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) score and the cognition scale for evaluation of dementia ADAS-Cog. The degree of heterogeneity between included studies was assessed through the I2 test. Results: After a comprehensive search, 175 references were retrieved. From these, five randomized trials involving 946PDD subjects were included in the review. Four studies used donepezil and only one study used rivastigmine. The pooled analysis of five studies that assessed the effects of ChI in MMSE total score showed a SMD of 0.24 (CI 95% 0.11 - 0.38). Three studies considered the effects of ChI on Adas-Cog and the pooled results showed a SMD of 0.21 (CI 95% 0.07 - 0.35). There was no significant heterogeneity between the studies. Conclusions: The results of this systematic review and meta- analysis suggest that ChI improves cognitive impairment in PDD subjects. Despite statistically significant, the translation of these results into relevant clinical improvement should be taken with caution, as the studies did not address what would be considered a clinically significant result.
文摘目的探讨缺血性脑卒中后非痴呆认知功能障碍(cognitive impairment no dementia,CIND)的危险因素。方法以19～80岁汉族初发缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,起病后3个月采用简易智能量表和美国精神疾病统计和诊断手册第4版修订本进行认知测定,利用单因素和多元Logistic回归分析研究CIND患者的危险因素。结果185例研究对象纳入统计分析,42例诊断为CIND,占22.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,大面积和中等面积梗死(OR:4.687,P<0.05;OR:4.734,P<0.05)、糖尿病(OR:2.887,P<0.05)是缺血性卒中后CIND的独立危险因素。结论糖尿病、梗死面积是缺血性脑卒中后CIND的独立危险因素。
