Non-Consumptive Activities on a Public Hunting and Fishing Area

The activities of all 1513 individuals who visited a public hunting and fishing area near Spearfish, South Dakota, USA, were recorded from May 16 to August 16, 2006. Over the entire period, slightly less than 60% of the visitors were engaged in fishing, and they accounted for nearly 80% of the total visitation time. Over 40% of the visitors were primarily there for non-consumptive (not hunting or fishing) reasons, including touring (sight-seeing), dog training and exercising, and swimming. Less than 1% of the visitors were there for photography. The percentage of visitors fishing decreased from a high of over 65% in the first 31-day period to less than 50% in the third 31-day period, with nearly all of the non-consumptive activities showing a reverse trend. The percentage of visitors swimming or conducting dog activities doubled from the first to third periods. The percentage of time that visitors spent fishing decreased over time, while the time spent on non-consumptive activities increased. However, the increase in non-consumptive activity time was not necessarily in proportion to the increase in the number of visitors involved with non-consumptive activities. By the final period, more visitors were at the area for touring, dogs, and swimming, than for fishing, but fishing still accounted for most of the visitation time. These results indicate an abundance of non-consumptive activities on a public area purchased and maintained with revenue from consumptive hunting and fishing activities, creating the opportunity for user conflicts and potentially threatening the user-pay model of natural resource conservation.

A New Proxy Signature Scheme with Message Recovery Using Self-Certified Public Key

A proxy signature scheme with message recovery using self-certified public key is proposed, which withstands public key substitution attacks, active attacks, and forgery attacks. The proposed scheme accomplishes the tasks of public key verification, proxy signature verification, and message recovery in a logically single step. In addition, the proposed scheme satisfies all properties of strong proxy signature and does not use secure channel in the communication between the original signer and the proxy signature signer.

非公有制经济领域意识形态:现状、问题、原因、对策

近年来,非公有制经济领域的意识形态问题备受关注。笔者带着课题组分别于2016年和2023年对北京、山东、江苏、河南、河北、内蒙古等省区市的统战部门、宣传部门、民主党派、工商联、商会等单位、部门以及非公有制经济领域的企业家、副总经理层级的高层管理人员进行了深入走访、调研,结合多年的研究积累,在对比7年来的变化并深入剖析依然存在的问题及其深层次原因的基础上,从七个方面对做好非公有制经济领域的意识形态工作提出了对策建议。

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid Solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalSalmonella (NTS) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military operations.Methods:A total of 355 NTS isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from US soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTS serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (STR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZM-resistant NTS isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test method.Results:NTS infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wasSalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedSalmonellahadar (n=60),Salmonellarissen (n=45), andSalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by STR (40.8％, 145/355). OneSalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-STR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTS serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed US military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to Southeast Asia. AZM-resistant NTS isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveillance and prevalence efforts are required to monitor NTS resistant strains causing further treatment failure.

Electromagnetic Radiation Health Effects in Exposed and Non-Exposed Residents in Penang

A comparative study was conducted between residents exposed and not exposed to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from TELCO towers in Penang Island with the objective of determining the possible health effects using 14 non-specific health symptoms (NSHS). Interviews on 201 respondents were conducted using structured questionnaire for demographic details, health related problems and the public concern. Comparison of symptoms frequencies and its significance (Chi-square test) between the exposed and not exposed residents from the TELCO tower showed statistical significance (p 1 for all that gave a conclusion that respondents who were exposed were more likely to suffer symptoms as compared to the respondents who were not exposed to EMR. This outcome showed that the existence of TELCO tower in these communities has detrimental health effects towards the residents who were exposed to the electromagnetic fields radiation that was emitted. Measures to be taken to minimize adverse health effects on residents should include imposing more stringent guidelines in terms of safety distance and radiation intensity, practicing of WHO precautionary approach, encouraging electromagnetic fields radiation related conference, researches and public awareness, sharing of transceivers by TELCO companies and using protective barriers. These steps will ultimately promote a healthier, harmonious and sustainable living environment.

我国非基本公共服务发展的基础与路径

非基本公共服务属于公共服务的一种类型,对满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要有重要意义。但从公共物品角度看,它不完整具备排他性和非竞争性,而是处于公共物品与私人物品之间的“中间地带”。我国公共服务领域正处于两类公共服务需求交融叠加的时期,基本公共服务均等化仍在进行中,非基本公共服务需求日益增加。聚焦于发展非基本公共服务的原因、基础和路径等问题,从收入、公共服务供给水平、我国社会基本矛盾的角度分析非基本公共服务的发展前提,可以通过“分步走”战略方式分阶段、分重点推动实现中国式公共服务现代化,为提高世界人类发展指数提供“中国智慧”和“中国方案”。

Influenza prevention can help meet wider public health objectives

Influenza burden: Influenza imposes a major burden on people and public health systems, causing millions of severe cases and up to one million deaths annually. Much of this burden is borne by those aged 65 or over, children under 2 years of age and people with non-communicable chronic diseases, such as heart and lung conditions and diabetes. In the elderly, influenza can have longer-term effects beyond acute infection, with some facing increased disability and care requirements. Prevention: Taking into account the growing elderly population worldwide and their susceptibility to non-communicable conditions as well as rising healthcare costs, public health policies are increasingly focusing on disease prevention strategies and promotion of healthy ageing initiatives. Influenza vaccination has an important role to play in these approaches. Immunization of high-risk groups is recommended by public health organizations, both internationally and locally within many countries. However, although vaccines are considered the most effective method for preventing influenza, many high-risk people remain unvaccinated. Improving vaccination rates: In recent years, research has focused on increasing vaccine coverage. The results demonstrate the key role healthcare professionals play in encouraging immunization, alongside factors such as communication, education and financial support for vaccination. Paradoxically, although vaccination recommendations often include healthcare professionals and studies demonstrate the potential protection offered to workers and patients, many remain unvaccinated. As a result, a growing number of organizations, particularly in North America, are implementing policies requiring vaccination of healthcare pro fessionals as a patient safety measure. In summary: Influenza vaccination has a key role to play in helping to protect the health of the growing elderly population, reduce the burden associated with non-communicable diseases and decrease the annual toll on public health. Improving vaccination levels relies on the support of healthcare professionals, and increasingly healthcare professional immunization is considered an integral part of patient care.

“两个毫不动摇”的政治经济学解析

公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分,都是推进中国式现代化的重要力量。“毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济,毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展”是我们党在推进中国式现代化进程中确立的一项重大方针,同时也是中国式现代化进程中不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的重大创新。我们决不能简单地把马克思关于资本主义生产方式的理论分析套用到社会主义情形,而必须在生产力和生产关系的矛盾运动中、在商品价值和使用价值的有机统一中、在中国式现代化和马克思主义中国化时代化的历史过程中,深刻认识“两个毫不动摇”的理论逻辑、历史逻辑和实践逻辑,深刻认识社会主义市场经济条件下公有制经济和非公有制经济的优势互补、相互促进和共同发展。

中国当代非虚构文学英译全景扫描

中国当代非虚构文学的英译由英文版文学杂志肇始,逐渐发展到以单行本的英语出版为主流方式。随着中国的进步与发展,单行本的英译出版也由过去单一的“译入”模式发展到现在的“译入”与“译出”模式并举,昭示了国际社会了解真实中国的迫切需求,也反映出在中国文化走出去中非虚构文学所承载的独有价值与作用。非虚构文学面向事实,依赖真人真事展开叙事,其英译和传播对构建真实的中国国际形象至关重要。因此,有必要覆盖整个翻译传播链,开展以中国当代非虚构文学英译为专题的理论研究,以强化我国非虚构文学英译的应有价值和功用。

公办园非在编教师人事制度改革:利益相关主体的诉求及对策建议

高质量学前教育体系是高质量教育体系建设的基础,学前教师是实现学前教育普及普惠与优质发展的关键力量。公办园非在编教师人事制度改革有助于为占学前教师近八成的非在编教师的人事制度改革提供重要参考。充分考虑多元利益相关者的诉求有助于减少改革的阻力,提升改革的可行性与有效性。本研究运用问卷法和访谈法,着重探讨公办园非在编教师、园长、举办者、教育行政部门四类核心与重要利益相关主体对公办园非在编教师人事制度改革的主要诉求,并基于以上诉求,从创新编制管理机制、健全待遇经费保障机制、建立同工同酬制度、保障专业发展机会等方面提出改革完善公办园非在编教师人事制度的对策建议。

Utilisation of Non-Conventional Animal Waste as Feeds by Multiple Livestock Species Farmers in Lake Victoria Crescent of Central Uganda

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to establish the utilisation of non-conventional animal waste in multiple livestock species systems. Farmers (150) were selected from four out of ten districts of Central Uganda in Lake Victoria Crescent. A structured questionnaire was used and descriptive analysis showed that over 80% are smallholder farmers on 3.0) years. Household husbands (80%) significantly (P 1.0) as they cause poor livestock health due to pathogens, parasites and toxins which are associated (OD > 1.0) with poor growth, mortality and condemnation of livestock products. The remedy to unsafe non-conventional feeds is to apply effective solar-heating (75%), chemical and ensiling treatment methods. The study showed that there are no significant (P < 0.001) public health risks associated with utilising treated non-conventional feeds instead it improves production and sustainability of multiple livestock species systems.

On Distributary Model of Public Transportation in Metropolis

The expansion of population and the worsening of the city development pattern brought serious effects on public transportation in the metropolis. The traditional method is not suitable for the analysis of city public transportation. This paper presents the model of “frog jumping and permeation” of passage flow in city public transportation. In this model, the passages between the first class gradient centers are transported by the fastest ways, and transferred in the mode of permeation between the second class gradient centers. this model will improvc the situation in the metropolitan communications.

研究性教学方法在非全日制公共卫生硕士流行病学教学中的效果评价

目的:探讨研究性教学方法在非全日制公共卫生硕士流行病学教学中的应用效果。方法:将复旦大学公共卫生学院2017级、2018级非全日制公共卫生硕士研究生作为对照组,采用传统教学方法;2019级、2020级非全日制公共卫生硕士研究生作为试验组,采用研究性教学方法,即知识讲授结合案例讨论。比较两组学生的教学效果。结果:试验组学生的理论成绩和科研成绩均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在流行病学教学中应用研究性教学方法能显著提高教学效果,并增强学生的科研实践能力。

基于优化第三代非支配排序遗传算法的城市应急设施模糊选址

以杭州市上城区2022年全年核酸检测点记录数据为基础,采用优化型第三代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA3),将杭州市上城区划分为10786个50 m×50 m的人口点,模拟每个人口点去往周边核酸检测这一聚集性应急行为,并进行50000次迭代.将迭代结果进行核密度分析,分别得出基于单设施点的15 min生活圈优化结果、基于双设施点的15 min生活圈优化结果、基于适老化需求修正的设施点优化结果,以及基于单设施点的5 min生活圈优化结果.结果显示,以单设施点的15 min生活圈优化结果为例,在不改变服务能力的前提下,基于优化NSGA3迭代后的核酸检测点网络,将设施平均可达时间从292.44 s优化到了264.62 s.基于核酸检测这一行为结果形成城市应急设施的模糊选址范围,得出“小集聚-大分散”空间规律;在此基础上将模糊选址范围转化为“社区级多功能应急空间”,为将来发生应急事件,进行临时应急设施选点决策时提供理论建议.

公共图书馆非基本服务项目收费的现实需求、困境与对策

非基本服务项目收费是推动公共图书馆社会化发展的重要举措。虽然公共图书馆非基本服务项目收费在我国有着强烈的现实需求和法律政策依据,但实践中面临着诸多困境,主要表现为:非基本服务项目收费的法律政策不够完善,收费行为影响基本服务项目的高质量供给,收费审批程序、定价和用途较为随意,容易形成“以文养文”的局面。解决之道包括:完善非基本服务项目的收费政策,加强政府的主体保障责任,规范收费审批程序、定价及用途。参考文献19。

论“环境执法非诉执行类”检察行政公益诉讼的反思与优化

负有环境资源监督管理职责的主管部门对其生效的行政决定怠于向人民法院申请强制执行,检察机关在诉前程序无果的情形下向人民法院提起的检察行政公益诉讼虽“于法有据”,但司法实践案例中呈现出的“诉讼的耗时性与环境公益保护的紧迫性存在冲突”“检察机关的胜诉对生效行政决定的执行仅有间接影响”以及“挤占虚耗司法资源”等问题却一再表明,对“怠于申请非诉执行的行为”不加区分地提起检察行政公益诉讼欠缺合理性。“环境执法非诉执行类”检察行政公益诉讼的泛化适用,既是对检察机关“全链条式”监督理念的误用,也是对检察行政公益诉讼“有限监督原则”的违背,还与行政诉讼之“诉的利益理论”存在冲突,建议将“环境执法非诉执行类”检察行政公益诉讼区分为履行职责类诉讼与确认违法类诉讼,对于前者国家可通过立法直接赋予检察机关强制执行申请权的方式予以“赋权替代”,对于后者检察机关可通过提起确认违法类诉讼对生态环境和资源保护主管部门怠于履职行为的违法性予以“宣示”,实现“环境执法非诉执行类”检察行政公益诉讼的区分构造。

公立医院非经济性激励的实践探索

浙江省人民医院秉持人才是第一资源的理念,提出“以员工为核心”的发展基本点,基于职工实际需求和发展需要,探索运用非经济性激励手段,充分发挥医院工会的作用,打造医院“家文化”,不断提升职工幸福感,调动工作积极性,助力医院高质量发展。

合法性、资源和行动:非公有制企业主动党建的组织逻辑

加强党的建设是执政党整合非公有制企业、巩固党在非公有制企业中执政基础的重要路径。非公有制企业因其市场化导向和盈利化诉求而缺乏开展党建工作的主动性和积极性。即使有些非公有制企业建立了党组织,也因“无行政权力依托”而难以有效发挥其功能。作为组织的非公有制企业由于面临生存合法性诉求、对组织外部资源的依赖及促成组织内部集体行动的需要而主动开展和加强党建工作。以中高层管理人员担任党组织书记加持党建工作、为党建工作提供经费和阵地支持,以及促进党建与业务的融合等,扩展了企业的政治联系、提高了企业的生产经营效率而获得出资人对党建工作的认同和支持。非公有制企业主动开展和加强党建工作,存在党建目标的偏移和政治与经济过度交织带来腐败风险可能的畸变,意味着执政党构建“亲清”政商关系的努力任重道远。

非营利性民办高校公益性实现的影响因素——扎根理论分析

民办教育分类管理背景下,提升非营利性民办高校的公益性迫在眉睫。本研究运用扎根理论探析非营利性民办高校公益性实现的影响因素,发现公共价值目标是公益性实现的规范导向;公共价值感知是社会公众对公益性实现的主观评价;公共部门通过公共资源配置增强学校公共性,与市场力量共同影响学校公共管理制度,促使学校放弃部分办学自主权以获取实际影响力,更好实现公共利益。政府和非营利性民办高校要通过确立公共价值目标、优化公共资源配置、完善公共管理制度、注重公共价值感知等,共同促进非营利性民办高校公益性的实现。

我国足球职业化公司混合所有制改革研究

混合所有制改革既是实现足球竞赛表演产业扩容升级的有效途径,也是吸引非公有资本投资足球职业化公司的有力举措。立足于中超30年发展实践,厘清中超公司与俱乐部混合所有制存在的问题,从加快建设体育强国及足球职业化产业扩容升级需要的两个维度,解读我国足球职业化公司混合所有制改革的必要性。着眼于公司治理体系改进的紧迫现实,提出足球职业化两类公司混合所有制结构优化的“三三”制思路,即构建国有资本、战略资本及俱乐部资本3种不同资本间促成的三角制衡关系的混合所有制结构,进而优化与“三三”制混合所有制结构所匹配的、“四会一层”的内部治理体制,推进内部治理与外部治理协同发力的中超治理体系形成。