Pang Fuwan Uses Yao Medicine to Observe the Therapeutic Effects on the Physical and Mental Symptoms of Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: Investigate the efficacy and safety of Yao Medicine in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and explore the best therapeutic measure for clinical benefit. Methods: From July 2020 to July 2022, 84 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma were selected and randomly divided into the Observation Group and control group, and the control group was treated with routine Western medicine, with 42 cases in each group. The activity of daily living (ADL) was assessed before and after treatment, meanwhile, the self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety SAS (SAS) were used to assess the improvement of a bad mood, and quality of life SF-36 was used to assess the quality of life, to judge the efficacy and safety. Results: The effective rate of observation group was 91.67%. The effective rate of the control group was 76.19%. The effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05). There were no significant differences in the scores of SDS, SAS and quality of life between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), and after treatment, the scores of SDS, SAS and quality of life in the two groups were compared with those in the control group (P > 0.05), the scores of VAS, SDS and SAS decreased significantly, while ESCV, angle of straight leg elevation, ADL, physiological score, emotional score, social score and health status score increased significantly, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: Yao Medicine can improve the psychosomatic symptoms of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma better, with better efficacy and higher safety.

Relevance of EGFR gene mutation with pathological features and prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Objective:To study the relevance of EGFR gene mutation with pathological features and prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma.Methods:A total of 297 patients from July 2009 to May 2013 were chosen as objects.EGFR gene mutation were detected with fluorescence quantitative PCR.Relevance of EGFR gene mutation with clinical and pathological features was analyzed,and the prognosis of EGFR- mutant-patients and that of EGFR- wide type-patients was compared.Results:In 297 patients.136(45.79%) showed EGFR gene mutation.EGFR gene mutation had no significant relevance with age.gender,smoking history,family history of cancer and clinical stage(P>0.05);there was significant relevance between EGFR gene mutation and blood type,pathologic types,differentiation and diameter of cancer(P<0.05).The difference between prognosis of EGFR- mutant-patients and that of EGFR- wide type-patients was statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusions:EGFR gene mutation has significant relevance with pathological features,the prognosis of EGFRmutant-paticnts is better than that of EGFR- wide type-patients.

Inhibitory Effect of MiR-449b on Cancer Cell Growth and Invasion through LGR4 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma

Non-small-cell lung carcinoma （NSCLC） is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-449b （miR-449b） functions as a tumor suppressor in many cancers. However, the role of miR- 449b in NSCLC is still unknown. In the present study, miR-449b was significantly down- regulated in NSCLC samples and cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that 3＇-UTR region of leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 （LGR4） mRNA had putative complementary sequences to miR-449b, which was further confirmed by the luciferase assay. Western blotting showed that restoration of miR-449b in NSCLC cells decreased the expression of LGR4. Interestingly, over-expression of miR-449b inhibited growth and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. Furthermore, ectopic expression of LGR4 reversed miR-449b-suppressed proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells. Therefore, the data of the present study demonstrate that miR-449b inhibits tumor cell growth and invasion by targeting LGR4 in NSCLC.

Aquaporin 5 Expression and Its Relationship to Apoptosis in Different Grades of Differentiated Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Aquaporin 5 has been recently found as an important oncogenic marker whose expression levels seem to be determined by the level of cellular differentiation. Despite aquaporin volume decrease (AVD) being the most conserved earliest event in apoptosis, there is still a paucity of studies exploring on aquaporin expression and its relationship with apoptosis in cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of aquaporin 5 channel protein and to explore on its relationship with apoptosis in well and poorly differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma both in-vivo and in-vitro. Findings from the study showed that the expression of AQP5 both in-vivo and in-vitro was dependent on the type and degree of tumour differentiation. In-vivo, an increase in aquaporin 5 expression was associated with an increased apoptosis in both poorly and highly differentiated adenocarcinoma (AC) while there was no association between aquaporin 5 expression and apoptosis in both poorly and highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In vitro, differentiation therapy in the form of ATRA decreased both cell proliferation and increased the expression of AQP5 in A549 cells. The cytomorphological changes, expression of differentiation markers and flow cytometry apoptotic results were dependent on the dose of ATRA treatment. In conclusion, a higher expression of aquaporin 5 was found to promote the rate of the apoptotic process in lung adenocarcinoma (AC).

Glabridin and Anti-Non-Muscle Myosin IIA Therapy Disrupts Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Motility

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in the United States killing over 130,000 people each year. While a combination of chemo and radiation therapy may be effective, surgery is still required for many patients. Without surgery, the disease may progress and lead to metastases. We sought to determine if treatment with anti-non-muscle myosin IIA antibody would inhibit movement of the cells in the presence and absence of glabridin (an isoflavonoid compound shown to inhibit cell migration by inhibiting myosin). We compared inhibition by glabridin to that of an anti-non-muscle myosin IIA antibody and a combination therapy of both at 12 and 24 hours post wound creation. Cells that took up the anti-non-muscle myosin IIA antibody were greatly inhibited in motility and exhibited no significant change in wound healing. Glabridin treatment resulted in a dramatic increase in wound size within 12 hours and regeneration within 24 hours. The greatest decrease in motility was observed in cells treated with the combination of both glabridin and anti-non-muscle myosin IIA antibody. By 24 hrs, cell migration had halted due to death of the cells resulting from this combination. Further testing needs to be done to determine a safe mode of delivery of the combination therapy to ensure only local distribution. Controlled release drug delivery depot systems have been used as a means to provide local release of drugs intra-tumorally or adjacent to the cancerous tissue after surgical resection and have great potential.

The ^(18)F-FDG uptake in non small cell lung carcinoma correlates with the DNA-grading of malignancy

In order to evaluate correlation of glucose metabolism and DNA ploidity of tumors, the uptake of 18F-Deoxyglucose (FDG) by PET prior to surgery and the DNA cotent and DNA-grading of malignancy (DNA-MG) of Schiff-stained nuclei obtained from fresh tumor fragments by means of image cytometry were studied, and thereafter the correlation between standardized uptake value (SUV) and (DNA-MG) was analysed in forty-nine patients with histologically proven non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). As a result of the DNA histograms of these 49 patients, 46 (93.88%) were aneuploid and only 3(6.12%) were tetraploid. A linear correlation of the SUV versus the (DNA-MG) (r=0.336, p=0.024) was found, demonstrating that 18F-FDG PET as a non-invasive metabolic imaging technique, may also provide inforrnation correlated to malignant DNA patterns which may be valuable in malignant differentiation and prognostic prediction.

Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase-Targeted Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

One of the most important pathways in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) pathway. This pathway affects several crucial processes in tumor development and progression,including tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis regulation,angiogenesis,and metastatic invasion.Targeting EGFR is currently being intensely explored.We are witnessing the development of a number of potential molecular-inhibiting treatments for application in clinical oncology.In the last decade,the tyrosine kinase(TK) domain of the EGFR was identified in NSCLC patients,and it has responded very well with a dramatic clinical improvement to TK inhibitors such are gefitinib and erlotinib.Unfortunately,there were primary and/or secondary resistance to these treatments,as shown by clinical trials.Subsequent molecular biology studies provided some explanations for the drug resistance phenomenon.The molecular mechanisms of resistance need to be clarified.An in-depth understanding of these targeted-therapy resistance may help us explore new strategies for overcoming or reversing the resistance to these inhibitors for the future of NSCLC treatment.

Clinical Observation on Treatment of NonParvicellular Carcinoma of the Lung with Jin Fu Kang Oral Liquid

Jin Fu 坑口头的液体([标志：看见文本]) 用为补充 qi 和有营养的 yin 的繁体中文药做的，与 qi 和 yin 的缺乏在肺癌根据普通症状被开发。在 Jin Fu 坑组的 96 个盒子， 1 个盒子变得完全宽恕(CR ) 术后疗法， 8 个盒子部分宽恕(PR ) ， 52 个盒子不变化(NC ) ，盖住 63.5% 的 PR + NC。在 Jin Fu 坑正化疗的组的 52 个盒子， 11 个盒子得到了 PR 术后疗法， 26 盒子 NC，盖住 71.2% 的 PR + NC。在化疗组的 25 个盒子， 4 个盒子得到了 PR 术后疗法， 11 盒子 NC，盖住 60.0% 的 PR + NC。在 Jin Fu 坑的治疗学的有效性组织的结果表演和 Jin Fu 坑正化疗的组在化疗组比那好。在 Jin Fu 坑组的一个年幸存率和二年的幸存率术后疗法分别地是 67.3% 和 67.3% ；66.7% 和 66.7% 在 Jin Fu 坑正化疗的组；并且 40.3% 和 0.0% 在化疗组织。临床的症状的改进，体重的增加和健康状况(KPS 标记) 的改进 Jin Fu 坑组织的在两个的术后疗法和 Jin Fu 坑正化疗的组在化疗组比那好。免疫学和血克术后疗法的一些指示物极大地在 Jin Fu 坑组，被改进在化疗组，而是在 Jin Fu 坑正化疗的组的没有明显的改进更坏。

Advances in adjuvant systemic therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer

Non-small-cell lung cancer remains a leading cause of death around the world. For most cases, the only chance of cure comes from resection for localised disease, however relapse rates remain high following surgery. Data has emerged over recent years regarding the utility of adjuvant chemotherapy for improving disease-free and overall survival of patients following curative resection. This paper reviews the clinical trials that have been conducted in this area along with the studies integrating radiation therapy in the adjuvant setting. The role of prognostic gene signatures are reviewed as well as ongoing clinical trials including those incorporating biological or targeted therapies.

Nedaplatin/Gemcitabine Versus Carboplatin/Gemcitabine in Treatment of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nedaplatin/gemcitabine （NG） and carboplatin/gemcitabine （CG） in the management of untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： Sixty-two patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC were recruited between June 2006 and November 2007. Subjects were randomly assigned to the NG arm （n=30） and the CG arm （n=32）. Only patients （24 and 25 in the NG and CG arms, respectively） who completed 〉2 chemotherapy cycles were included in the data analysis. The primary outcome measure was the objective response rate （ORR）. The secondary outcome measures included progression-free survival （PFS）, overall survival （OS） and adverse events. Results： There were no statistically significant differences in the efficacy measures （ORR, P=0.305; median PFS, P=0.298, median OS, P=0.961） or in the major adverse events （grade 3/4 neutropenia, P=0.666; grade 3/4 anemia, P=0.263; grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia, P=0.222） between the two treatment arms. However, there was a trend towards higher ORR （37.5% vs. 24.0%）, longer PFS （6.0 vs. 5.0 months）, and less adverse events in the NG arm. Conclusion： NG regimen seems to be superior over CG regimen for advance NSCLS, but further investigation is needed to validate this superiority.

ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FOLLOWING RADICAL SURGERYFOR NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER:A RANDOMIZED STUDY

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Seventy patients with NSCLC (stage I–III) undergone radical surgery were randomized into two groups: 35 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (CTX) 300 mg/m2, vincristine (VCR) 1.4% mg/m2, adriamycin (ADM) 50 mg/m2, lomustine (CCNU) 50 mg/m2 dl, cisplatin (DDP) 20 mg/m2, d1–5, for 4 cycles, and followed by oral Ftorafur (FT-207) 600–900 mg/d for 1 year (adjuvant chemotherapy group). The other 35 patients received surgical treatment only (surgery group). Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 48.6% in the adjuvant chemotherapy group, and 31.4% in the surgery group, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The 5-year survival rate of patients in stage III was 44.0% and 20.8% received surgery with and without adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.025). The 5-year survival rate of patients in stage I–II in the two groups was 60.0% and 54.5%, respectively (P>0.75). Conclusion: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC can improve survival, for those patients in stage III, it suggests significantly 5-year survival rate in the adjuvant chemotherapy group was higher than that in the surgery alone group.

Role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in non-small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Non-small cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma are the main histological subtypes and constitutes around 85% and 15% of all lung cancer respectively. Multimodality treatment plays a key role in the successful management of lung cancer depending upon the histological subtype, stage of disease, and performance status. Imaging modalities play an important role in the diagnosis and accurate staging of the disease, in assessing the response to neoadjuvant therapy, and in the follow-up of the patients. Last decade has witnessed voluminous upsurge in the use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography(PET-CT); role of PET-CT has widened exponentially in the management of lung cancer. The present article reviews the role of 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose PET-CT in the management of non small cell lung cancer with emphasis on staging of the disease and the assessment of response to neoadjuvant therapy based on available literature.

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF VINORELBINE PLUS CISPLATIN IN ADVANCED NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

A clinical study of the efficacy of vinorelbine plus cisplatin regimen in the management of advanced NSCLC was performed in 35 patients. Five of the 35 patients failed to finish one cycle of chemotherapy with this regimen because of severe and intractable leukopenia or rapid progress of the disease. Tumor response and toxicity were evaluated in the remaining 30 cases. Results showed that, with this regimen, the objective response rate (CR+PR) was 46.7%. The most common toxicity was leukopenia; other side effects included alopecia, gastrointestinal reactions, slight and transient renal and hepatic impairment and peripheral neuropathy. It suggested that vinorelbine plus cisplatin is a safe and effective regimen in the management of advanced NSCLC.

Clinical pathology of nodal micrometasteses in non-small cell lung cancer

Objective:To explore whether the conventional pathologic stages of some non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were underestimated.Methods:195 lymph node samples were taken from 25 NSCLC patients during the operations.Firstly,each resulting tissue block was processed for routine paraffin embedding.Then the 6～10 serial sections were chosen,each 5 μm thick,from every paraffin block of the lymph node.Finally,the first and the second last sections of each lymph node were stained by hematoxylin eosin (HE),and the other serial sections were used for the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining examination with the monoclonal antibody against cyokeratin 19.Results:With HE staining,30 of the 195 regional lymph nodes revealed dominant nodal metastases,and none showed micrometastases.IHC staining was performed on 135 lymph nodes that were identified as free of metastases by HE staining,31 showed micrometastases;none showed gross nodal metastases.There was a significant difference between HE staining staging and IHC staining staging (P<0.05).Conclusion:Conventional HE staining can accurately detect gross nodal metastases in the lymph nodes of NSCLC patients,but is unfit for detecting lymph nodal micrometastases.IHC staining analysis can significantly facilitate the detection of occult micrometastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes,and its assessment of nodal micrometastases can provide a refinement of TNM stage for NSCLC patients.Our results provide a rationale for extensive lymph nodes sampling.

Unresectable stage Ⅲ non-small-cell lung cancer: Have we made any progress?

Lung cancer is responsible for the most cancer deaths worldwide with an incidence that is still rising. One third of patients have unresectable stage ⅢA or stage ⅢB disease. The standard of care for locally advanceddisease in patients with good performance status consists of combined modality therapy in particular concurrent chemoradiotherapy. But despite a lot of efforts done in the past, local control and survival of patients with unresectable stage Ⅲ non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) remains poor. Improving outcomes for patients with unresectable stage Ⅲ NSCLC has therefore been an area of ongoing research. Research has focused on improving systemic therapy, improving radiation therapy or adding a maintenance therapy to consolidate the initial therapy. Also implementation of newer targeted therapies and immunotherapy has been investigated as well as the option of prophylactic cranial irradiation. This article reviews the latest literature on improving local control and preventing distant metastases. It seems that we have reached a plateau with conventional chemotherapy. Radiotherapy dose escalation did not improve outcome although increasing radiation dose-intensity with new radiotherapy techniques and the use of newer agents, e.g., immunotherapy might be promising. In the future well-designed clinical trials are necessary to prove those promising results.

Analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with second line chemotherapy

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factors for survival in patients with advanced NSCLC who receiving second-line chemotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of 116 patients with NSCLC receiving second-line treatments from October 2010 to December 2012 in Clinic for Lung Diseases of Clinical center Nis, Department for Pulmonary Oncology. Thirteen potential prognostic factors were chosen for analysis. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify prognostic factors associated with progression free survival and overall survival. Multivariate analysis included the prognostic significance factors in univariate analysis. Results: The univariate analysis for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was identified to have prognostic significance: performance status, smoking, weight loss, comorbidity, number of meta localization, first-line chemotherapy regimen and response to first-line chemotherapy. Nevertheless, multivariate Cox prortional hazard regression analysis showed that performance status (PFS: p = 0.000, OS: p = 0.000) weight loss ≥ 5% (PFS: p = 0.000, OS: p = 0.002), comorbidity (PFS: p = 0.001, OS: p = 0.012) and four places of meta localization (PFS: p = 0.021, OS: p = 0.021) were considered independent prognostic factors for both, progression free survival and overall survival. Conclusion: Performance status, weight loss ≥ 5%, comorbidity and higher number of meta localization were identified as prognostic factors for survival in advanced NSCLC patients receiving second-line chemotherapy treatment. These findings may help pretreatment prediction of survival and may facilitate in the future integration new agents into second-line treatment.

The Therapeutic Effects of the Radiotherapy Plus TCM Treatment Observed in Senile Non-Parvicellular Lung Cancer Patients at the Late Stage

47 senile non-parvicellular lung cancer patients at stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ were randomly divided into a treatment group (26 cases) treated by radiotherapy plus traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a control group (21 cases) treated only by radiotherapy for observation of the therapeutic effects.

EGFR mutation identifies distant squamous cell carcinoma as metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma

Lung cancer metastasis is typically determined by histologic similarity between distant and primary lesions. Herein, we present a 70-year-old Japanese woman with an adenocarcinoma in her lung and a squamous cell carcinoma in her femur; both tumors had an identical epidermal growth factor receptor mutation, G719 S. This indicated that both tumors had a common origin, despite their histologic dissimilarity. The tumor in the femur was thus identified genetically as a lung cancer metastasis. This case suggests that genetic analysis can determine whether a distant lesion is a lung cancermetastasis, particularly when the histology differs from that of the primary lesion.

复方苦参注射液辅助程序性死亡受体1抑制剂联合多西他赛+顺铂方案化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的:探讨复方苦参注射液辅助程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)抑制剂联合多西他赛+顺铂方案化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法:回顾性选取2020年10月~2023年5月某院收治的84例非小细胞肺癌患者为研究对象,根据不同的治疗方案分为对照组和观察组,每组42例。对照组给予PD-1抑制剂联合多西他赛+顺铂方案,观察组在对照组基础上加用复方苦参注射液。评估两组患者临床疗效;应用流式细胞仪测定治疗前后患者血清肿瘤标记物[癌胚抗原(CEA)、异常糖链糖蛋白(TAP)]水平;评估两组患者治疗后的生活能力[卡诺夫斯凯计分(KPS)];比较治疗期间两组患者的不良反应发生情况以评估药物安全性。结果:治疗后,观察组的客观缓解率和疾病控制率分别为69.05%和95.23%,高于对照组的47.62%和76.19%,组间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。治疗前,患者的血清CEA和TAP水平组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组CEA和TAP水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的KPS评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。此外,在不良反应发生情况方面,观察组的骨髓抑制率(30.95%)低于对照组(80.95%,P<0.05),且观察组总不良反应发生率(33.33%)也低于对照组(92.86%,P<0.05)。结论:与PD-1抑制剂联合多西他赛+顺铂方案相比,采用复方苦参注射液辅助PD-1抑制剂联合多西他赛+顺铂方案化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效较佳,患者生活质量提升更明显,安全性更高,推荐临床广泛应用。