Research on Mixed Ownership Reform of State-Owned Enterprises from the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy

Under China’s socialist system,state-owned enterprises are key forces driving the economic trajectory and providing strong momentum.These enterprises not only bear the crucial responsibility of advancing the process of national modernization but also serve as the core of the national economic lifeline through their irreplaceable status and function amidst changing times.In the new era,with the advent of the technological revolution and the wave of globalization,state-owned enterprises face unprecedented opportunities and challenges.As a significant aspect of state-owned enterprise reform,the mixed ownership reform is not only a transformation in the structure of enterprise ownership but also a reflection of China’s broader,comprehensive reform efforts.By deeply advancing this reform,it will help optimize the allocation of state-owned assets and significantly boost technological and management innovation within state-owned enterprises,ensuring their competitiveness in the intense market environment.Therefore,this paper will conduct an in-depth analysis of the mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises from the perspective of Marxist political economy.

30 years of prosperity in China's non-state economy

This article analyzes the basic experiences in the reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy,based on a review of its distinctive features and major achievements of sustained rapid development over the last three decades since reform and opening began. It also identifies the problems facing further reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy. Finally,it presents an outlook of the future of non-state-owned economic development. Looking ahead,the collectively owned economy in urban areas and townships is expected to enter a new stage of development based on transition and transformation; the individual and private economy will reach new heights of development; foreign invested enterprises will further boost economic and technological investment and raise the technological content of output.

Techno-Economic Assessment of Non-Revenue Water: A Case Study at AER, GWCL

This study utilizes multiple regression analysis and the technique for computing economies of scale to evaluate the dynamics of NRW in the AER of GWCL. Data on monthly total production, billed consumption, total revenue, total production cost and the volume of NRW spanning the period January 2015 to June 2019, was obtained from the headquarters of AER and used for the analysis. The study showed that NRW averaged 59.3% for the period under consideration, which far exceeds the 25% threshold set by the World Bank for developing economies. It was also established that a fairly inelastic relationship exists between NRW and total revenue. Results further show that resources are not optimally used in the AER as proof of diseconomies of scale was observed.

Long Bone Non-Unions and Malunions: Risk Factors and Treatment Outcomes in Calabar, Southern Nigeria

Background: Diaphyseal non-unions and malunions constitute significant morbidities in fracture care. Fracture treatment modalities seek to restore anatomic orientation and functional rehabilitation as soon as possible after a fracture incident. Malunions and non unions present a treatment challenge with the need for prolonged hospitalization, multiple surgical interventions and economic burden. In the developing world, traditional bonesetting practices are popular and these often result in a host of preventable complications. The added socioeconomic costs of treating these complications present a considerable strain on the resources of these already fragile economies and households. Aim: To document the risk factors, treatment options and outcomes for diaphyseal non-unions and malunions in our environment. Patients and Methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients comprising 37 non-unions and 15 malunions who presented in the orthopaedic unit of a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria were evaluated. Information sought included biodata, location of pathology, type of incident fracture, local risk factors including traditional bonesetting;treatment options and final outcomes. Information obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM, New York). Results are presented in simple frequency tables. Results: There were 34 males and 18 females (M:F = 1.9:1) with a mean age of 38.76 ± 14.55 years. There were 37 non-unions and 15 malunions. The femur was the commonest site of pathology in 21 (40.4%) cases, and among the non-unions, the atrophic variety was the commonest type (n = 26;70.3%). The mean fracture-to-surgery interval was 11.35 ± 7.95 months and traditional bonesetting was the commonest risk factor (n = 36;69.2%). Plate and screw Osteosynthesis with bonegraft augmentation was the commonest treatment modality and the overall union rate was 94%. Conclusion: Traditional bonesetting plays a major role in the health seeking behaviour of many African societies. The complications are varied and add to the overall socioeconomic burden of fracture care in these developing economies. Identification of traditional bonesetting practices as an important risk factor should translate into a focus on these practices in preventive public health decisions in fracture care. Continuing public health education backed by political will and can potentially drive a paradigm shift in health seeking attitudes in the developing word.

数字经济与实体经济融合是否提升了企业创新能力——基于正反向融合度的非线性检验

促进数字经济与实体经济深度融合,依托数字技术与设备实现核心领域突破性创新,是高质量发展的关键。编制我国非竞争投入产出表,从供需双层面和广义狭义双范畴,可构建并测算我国数字经济与实体经济正、反向融合度,探究数字经济与实体经济融合对实体企业创新影响及内在机制。研究发现,融合度对实体创新的影响存在非线性效应,正向融合度整体提升实体企业创新质量和效率,这与技术吸收能力强化相关;反向融合度处于合理区间时才能拉动创新增长,否则将因成本效应和适应性不足降低实体工业创新质量和效率。

Cause Analysis of "Non-agricultural Trend" of Credit Cooperatives and Reversion Approaches

"Non-agricultural trend" of credit cooperatives is demonstrated as outflow of substantial contribution, application of credit fund in "non-agricultural sectors" and downsizing outlets. As a result, rural financial exclusion and insufficient effective supply of rural finance have been aggravated, and most rural households have been excluded from the service range of credit cooperatives. Major causes for such a trend were summarized as: (a) profit-driven nature of credit cooperatives; (b) conditionality of "agriculture, rural area and peasant" economy; (c) influence of macro-environment. It is proposed that credit cooperatives would only revert their focus to "agriculture, rural area and peasant" economy only if rural financial exclusion and economic restrictions on the development of credit cooperatives were removed, and the macro-environment was optimized.

An Innovative Genetic Algorithms-Based Inexact Non-Linear Programming Problem Solving Method

In this paper, an innovative Genetic Algorithms (GA)-based inexact non-linear programming (GAINLP) problem solving approach has been proposed for solving non-linear programming optimization problems with inexact information (inexact non-linear operation programming). GAINLP was developed based on a GA-based inexact quadratic solving method. The Genetic Algorithm Solver of the Global Optimization Toolbox (GASGOT) developed by MATLABTM was adopted as the implementation environment of this study. GAINLP was applied to a municipality solid waste management case. The results from different scenarios indicated that the proposed GA-based heuristic optimization approach was able to generate a solution for a complicated nonlinear problem, which also involved uncertainty.

非公有制经济领域意识形态:现状、问题、原因、对策

近年来,非公有制经济领域的意识形态问题备受关注。笔者带着课题组分别于2016年和2023年对北京、山东、江苏、河南、河北、内蒙古等省区市的统战部门、宣传部门、民主党派、工商联、商会等单位、部门以及非公有制经济领域的企业家、副总经理层级的高层管理人员进行了深入走访、调研,结合多年的研究积累,在对比7年来的变化并深入剖析依然存在的问题及其深层次原因的基础上,从七个方面对做好非公有制经济领域的意识形态工作提出了对策建议。

系统风险核心问题、形成机制及中国特色化解方案——实体经济与虚拟经济视角

走中国特色金融发展之路,防范化解金融风险,是中国经济稳健高质量发展的保障。本文基于实体经济与虚拟经济视角探讨系统风险核心问题、形成机制及中国特色化解方案,以期完善金融风险防范和处置机制。通过研究发现:首先,系统风险的核心问题在于虚拟经济领域不良资产不断积累。借贷资本在实体经济与虚拟经济之间运行具有不同规律,虚拟经济领域自我循环引发的庞氏债务膨胀及其违约成为系统风险更加重要的风险源。其次,系统风险的形成机制源于个别风险系统化。本文从金融风险管理视角揭示了金融创新工具对冲或回避个别风险而导致风险在系统中寄存和持续积累的过程,其会加速债务违约泛化,引发金融危机。最后,中国金融风险处置实践彰显了中国特色社会主义制度优势,未来导向应在宏观上坚持金融服务实体经济,在微观上避免风险对冲的创新技术泛化,风险处置目标坚持风险化解与经济增长同步,风险处置方式强调政策性与市场化相结合。

国有经济如何影响非国有企业劳动收入份额?

基于中国工业企业数据,实证检验了国有经济对非国有企业劳动收入份额的影响。结果发现,国有经济比重上升能够显著提高非国有企业的劳动收入份额,且该影响是国有经济工资溢出效应和效率损失效应共同作用的结果。当国有经济比重较低时,其工资溢出效应是提高非国有企业劳动收入份额的主要方面;当国有经济比重较高时,其效率损失效应在提高非国有企业劳动收入份额中的作用更加突出。异质性检验发现,当国有企业有更高工资或更低效率时,国有经济提升非国有企业劳动收入份额的作用会增强。当劳动力供给充足或市场化程度较高时,国有经济对非国有企业劳动收入份额的提升效果会下降。因此,不断完善社会主义市场经济体制,深化国有企业改革,保持合理的所有制结构有利于促进民营经济健康发展。

数字经济影响农村产业融合的机理研究——基于中国省域面板数据的实证研究

基于2011—2021年中国省级面板数据,采用固定效应模型、面板门槛回归模型等实证检验数字经济对农村产业融合发展的影响及其非线性关系。研究发现:(1)数字经济显著促进了我国农村产业融合发展,该结论经过一系列稳健性检验、内生性处理后依然成立。(2)数字经济对农村产业融合发展的促进作用存在边际效应递减的非线性特征,资本积累水平、居民消费水平、高质量人力资本水平在这一促进作用中发挥门槛效应。(3)随着农村产业融合发展水平的提高,数字经济对农村产业融合发展的促进作用呈现出由弱逐渐变强再弱化的趋势,相较于西部地区,数字经济在东、中部地区对农村产业融合发展的促进作用较弱。为充分发挥数字经济促进农村产业融合发展的积极效应,需要在加快发展数字经济、推进数字乡村建设的同时,促进金融创新、缓解金融约束,推进共同富裕、提振消费信心,重视人才培养与引进、保障人才供给。

“两个毫不动摇”的政治经济学解析

公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分,都是推进中国式现代化的重要力量。“毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济,毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展”是我们党在推进中国式现代化进程中确立的一项重大方针,同时也是中国式现代化进程中不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的重大创新。我们决不能简单地把马克思关于资本主义生产方式的理论分析套用到社会主义情形,而必须在生产力和生产关系的矛盾运动中、在商品价值和使用价值的有机统一中、在中国式现代化和马克思主义中国化时代化的历史过程中,深刻认识“两个毫不动摇”的理论逻辑、历史逻辑和实践逻辑,深刻认识社会主义市场经济条件下公有制经济和非公有制经济的优势互补、相互促进和共同发展。

数据驱动模式下基于非平行超平面SVM算法的贸易经济预测

数据驱动的多元化发展导致数据异构性增强、维度提升和特征量规模扩大,给贸易经济分析带来更大挑战。为了提高贸易经济分析的科学性,采用非平行超平面支持向量机算法(support vector machine,SVM)对贸易经济进行预测分析。首先,根据贸易经济影响因素进行主成分分析,获取影响贸易经济的关键特征,并对特征进行量化和去噪处理。然后,采用广义特征值最接近支持向量机(proximal support vector machine via generalized eigenvalues,GEPSVM)进行贸易经济预测分类。根据预测指标要求,选择核函数GEPSVM算法(KGEPSVM算法)对分类的非平行超平面求解,通过类别划分函数获得经济预测结果。实证分析表明,对比常用的非平行超平面支持向量机算法,所提算法的贸易经济预测性能更优,而且在常用贸易经济指标的预测中,表现出较高预测精度和稳定性。

反腐败斗争对推动共同富裕的正向作用——基于省际平衡面板数据(2005—2021)比较分析的实证研究

党的十八大以来,全面从严治党取得了历史性、开创性成就,反腐败斗争取得了压倒性胜利并得到了全面巩固,在此过程中,“反腐败影响经济增长”的论调“若隐若现”。以翔实数据论证反腐败斗争促进经济发展、推动共同富裕目标的事实成为当前极为重要的一个课题。本研究基于2005—2021年省际平衡面板数据,运用双重差分法探讨党的十八大之前和之后两时期反腐败斗争对推动共同富裕的影响。研究发现,进入新时代,反腐败斗争显著促进了共同富裕目标,反腐败斗争可通过促进非国有经济发展与整个要素市场发育而提高地区共同富裕水平。在稳健性分析中,通过安慰剂检验以解决不可观测到的因素对回归结果产生的影响,该结果依然成立。该研究结果价值主要体现在两方面:一者,能有力回应“反腐败影响经济增长”之荒谬论调;另者,能够丰富“反腐败”“共同富裕”等研究领域的相关文献。

数字经济参与度对农村家庭收入的影响——基于CHFS的经验证据研究

文章利用中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,构建农村家庭数字经济参与度指数,实证检验农村家庭数字经济参与度对农村家庭收入的影响。研究发现:农村家庭参与数字经济的发展能够丰富收入来源,显著提升非农收入占比,扩大家庭总收入;农村家庭数字经济参与度对其农业收入占比存在负向影响,但在农业依赖程度较高的家庭中,对其农业收入呈显著正向影响。农村家庭数字经济参与的增收效应通过人力资本提升、金融市场参与、创业和家庭成员就业来实现。农村家庭数字经济参与对弱势农村家庭和经济落后地区农村家庭收入增加的促进作用更大,体现了数字经济的普惠性。因此,积极引导农村家庭参与数字经济的发展是推进共同富裕的重要途径。

制造业企业扩大金融活动能否推动企业价值增长?——基于上市制造业企业面板数据门限回归分析

利用随机最优控制理论模型,将制造业企业资产配置决策引入企业价值产生及波动机制,剖析了资本积累中产业资本与金融投资的动态配置决策及其与企业价值的非线性关系,并基于2003-2020年上市制造业企业面板数据进行了检验。理论分析论证了在资本配置中制造业企业的金融投资规模与其价值增长整体呈现的非线性关系。实证结果显示,资本积累初始分配时适度增加金融投资对企业价值增长具有正效应,且强度呈现由弱到强的变化趋势。采用动态指标刻画企业扩大金融活动的行为并进一步检验,结果表明:企业价值与动态金融资产配置存在双门限效应,企业扩大金融活动存在适度区间,其动态调整与期初资本配置及产业投资与金融投资的相关性有关。在缓慢增长阶段金融投资增长率较低时企业扩大金融投资可促进企业价值增长,在再分配时可反哺产业资本;当金融投资增长率超过拐点时,企业扩大金融活动将对企业价值产生负效应;而当金融投资增长率超过第二个门限值时,金融投资将对企业价值增长再次产生促进效应。

我国农村经济非农化引起的思考

随着我国农村改革的深入推进,农民、农业、农村的内涵随之发生相应的变化。农村经济非农化是城乡社会分工发展到一定阶段的客观要求。农村农业人口的分散和大中城市工商业人口的集中,是工农业发展水平还不够高的表现,也是城乡经济社会进一步发展的障碍。因势利导推进农村经济非农化,是实现城乡协调发展和国民经济现代化的必由之路。农村经济非农化有个度,即不是要把农业化掉,而是为了更快更好地实现农业现代化。与发达资本主义国家相比较,我国农村经济非农化,不是建立在消灭农村家庭手工业的基础上,而是以发展农村经济为目标,以增强农业发展后劲为指针,以就地转移农业劳动力为条件。

数字经济对农业生产性服务业的影响——基于非农就业和要素供给视角

基于2003—2019年213个地级市面板数据,将智慧城市试点作为一项衡量数字经济发展的准自然实验,构建多时点双重差分模型,实证检验数字经济对农业生产性服务业的影响效应和作用机制。研究表明:(1)数字经济显著促进了农业生产性服务业发展,且这一结论在经过平行趋势、安慰剂等多种方法检验后依然稳健。(2)“需求-供给”两端分析表明,促进非农就业和资本、技术和信息等要素供给是数字经济推动农业生产性服务业发展的重要路径。(3)数字经济对农业生产性服务业的促进作用,在东部地区以及传统基础设施和规模化种植较为完善的城市更明显。(4)城镇化在数字经济与农业生产性服务业之间具有显著“单一”门槛效应,只有在人口、产业和土地城镇化达到一定水平时,数字经济才能发挥出对农业生产性服务业发展的促进作用。

基于文献计量的国内外林下经济研究进展

为深入了解国内外林下经济研究现状和趋势,以2002-2022年Web of Science核心数据库为数据来源,结合Citespace和VOSviewer等软件对国内外林下经济相关文献研究数量、研究机构、研究主题及关键词进行统计分析。结果表明:林下经济累积发文量和累积被引频次呈指数增长的趋势;该领域发文量学者主要分布在美国、巴西、印度、德国、中国等地;世界农林研究中心、法国农业国际合作研究发展中心、中国科学院等机构在该领域发文量最大;林下经济学是一门主要以林学、农学、环境科学、生态学、植物学、土壤学等学科交叉而成的新型学科。此外,基于关键文献和关键词分析,低速发展期(2002-2007年)考虑林木生长、作物产量的影响研究,快速增长期(2008-2017年)考虑间作模式、优良品种选育、土壤理化性质及养分、分析方法、种间关系等机制研究,急速增长期(2018-2022年)作物化学成分(及内含物)和营养价值、植物根际和土壤微生物群落活性的响应机理、遥感技术的运用以及稳定同位素的溯源技术是主要研究趋势。