Pharmacological interventions targeting the microcirculation following traumatic spinal cord injury

Traumatic spinal cord injury is a devastating disorder chara cterized by sensory,motor,and autonomic dysfunction that seve rely compromises an individual's ability to perform activities of daily living.These adve rse outcomes are closely related to the complex mechanism of spinal cord injury,the limited regenerative capacity of central neurons,and the inhibitory environment fo rmed by traumatic injury.Disruption to the microcirculation is an important pathophysiological mechanism of spinal cord injury.A number of therapeutic agents have been shown to improve the injury environment,mitigate secondary damage,and/or promote regeneration and repair.Among them,the spinal cord microcirculation has become an important target for the treatment of spinal cord injury.Drug inte rventions targeting the microcirculation can improve the microenvironment and promote recovery following spinal cord injury.These drugs target the structure and function of the spinal cord microcirculation and are essential for maintaining the normal function of spinal neuro ns,axons,and glial cells.This review discusses the pathophysiological role of spinal cord microcirculation in spinal cord injury,including its structure and histopathological changes.Further,it summarizes the progress of drug therapies targeting the spinal cord mic rocirc ulation after spinal cord injury.

Cellular senescence throws new insights into patient classification and pharmacological interventions for clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Cellular senescence,a state of stable growth arrest,is intertwined with human cancers.However,characterization of cellular senescence-associated phenotypes in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains unexplored.AIM To address this issue,we delineated cellular senescence landscape across HCC.METHODS We enrolled two HCC datasets,TCGA-LIHC and International Cancer Genome Consortium(ICGC).Unsupervised clustering was executed to probe tumor heterogeneity based upon cellular senescence genes.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm were utilized to define a cellular senescence-relevant scoring system.TRNP1 expression was measured in HCCs and normal tissues through immunohistochemistry,immunoblotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.The influence of TMF-regulated nuclear protein(TRNP)1 on HCC senescence and growth was proven via a series of experiments.RESULTS TCGA-LIHC patients were classified as three cellular senescence subtypes,named C1–3.The robustness and reproducibility of these subtypes were proven in the ICGC cohort.C2 had the worst overall survival,C1 the next,and C3 the best.C2 presented the highest levels of immune checkpoints,abundance of immune cells,and immunogenetic indicators.Thus,C2 might possibly respond to immunotherapy.C2 had the lowest somatic mutation rate,while C1 presented the highest copy number variations.A cellular senescence-relevant gene signature was generated,which can predict patient survival,and chemo-or immunotherapeutic response.Experimentally,it was proven that TRNP1 presented the remarkable upregulation in HCCs.TRNP1 knockdown induced apoptosis and senescence of HCC cells and attenuated tumor growth.CONCLUSION These findings provide a systematic framework for assessing cellular senescence in HCC,which decode the tumor heterogeneity and tailor the pharmacological interventions to improve clinical management.

Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in controlling type 2 diabetes in patients of African descent: A systematic review

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the potential effectiveness of targeted educational and other non-pharmacological interventions on diabetes control in populations of African descent in developed countries. Such information can inform intervention strategies and highlight evidence-based approaches to deal with this significant problem in this population. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of random controlled trials and cohort studies evaluating the influence of education and other non-pharmacological interventions on HbA1Cconcentrations in patients of African descent with diabetes. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ZETOC, SIGLE databases was carried out. Results: Although nine studies (8 randomised controlled trials and 1 cohort study) met the inclusion criteria, relevant HbA1Cdata were available for 6 of the studies for the subsequent meta-analysis. Heterogeneity of meta-analysis was high (I2 = 92%), the random effects pooled standard mean difference favoured the intervention -0.66 (-1.15, -0.17), p = 0.009. After sensitivity analysis, I2 remained moderate to high at 69%. The random effects pooled standard mean difference continued to favour the intervention -0.48 (-0.81, -0.16), p = 0.009. Conclusion: There is evidence supporting the efficacy of educational and other non-pharmacological interventions in diabetes control in populations of African descent in English speaking developed countries. This conclusion is tempered by the significant heterogeneity of selected interventions and paucity of high quality research in the target population.

The Interventional Capacity of Community Health Volunteers for Screening and Linkages of Non-Communicable Diseases in Nyeri County, Kenya

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 63% of mortalities. Approximately 80% of these NCD-related deaths occur in LMICs. A quasi-experimental study utilizing a non-equivalent pre-and post-test was conducted from May 2022 to March 2023 with 370 study participants. Multistage cluster and random sampling were used to select ten community units, and therefore, 150 CHVs were chosen for the control unit, and 150 were used to form the interventional group. Data was collected from the KOBO app. Six (6) homogenous FGDs comprised ten members, and 10 KII were conducted across study sites. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 28.0, and qualitative data was audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via N-Vivo 12. The study shows that 59.3% of respondents have minimal information, and 92.7% (n = 139) have no clear understanding of NCDs, with a pre-intervention capacity of 48.8%. Independent sample t-test showed a significant difference in capacity from a pre-intervention average of 48.75 (SD ± 5.7)%, which increased to 68.28 (SD ± 7.6)%, p < 0.001. A well-designed community interventional model plays a pivotal role in grassroots healthcare delivery but requires optimization for NCD management.

Non-pharmacological cognitive intervention for aging and dementia:Current perspectives

In recent years, cognitive difficulties associated with normal aging and dementia have been receiving increased attention from both public and scientific communities. With an increase in overall lifespan, promoting healthy cognition has become a priority and a necessity for minimizing and preventing individual and societal burdens associated with cognitive dysfunctions in the elderly. The general awareness concerning the efficacy of preventive(e.g., lifestyles) and palliative treatment strategies of cognitive impairments, related to either healthy or unhealthy trajectories in cognitive aging, is continuously rising. There are several therapeutic strategies which can be broadly classified as either pharmacological or non-pharmacological/psychosocial. In face of the modest evidence for success of pharmacological treatments, especially for dementia related impairments, psychosocial interventions are progressively considered as a complementary treatment. Despite the relative spread of psychosocial interventions in clinical settings, research in this area is rather scarce with evidence for success of these therapies remaining controversial. In this work we provide an evidence based perspective on cognitive intervention(s) for healthy aging, pre-dementia(mild cognitive impairment), and dementia populations. Current evidence and future directions for improving cognitive functions in the elderly are discussed as well.

Non-pharmacological intervention for posterior cortical atrophy

Posterior cortical atrophy(PCA) is a rare neurodegene-rative condition characterized by progressive visual-perceptual deficits. Although the neurocognitive profile of PCA is a growing and relatively well-established field, non-pharmacological care remains understudied and to be widely established in clinical practice. In the present work we review the available literature on non-pharmacological approaches for PCA, such as cognitive rehabilitation including individual cognitive exercises and compensatory techniques to improve autonomy in daily life, and psycho-education aiming to inform people with PCA about the nature of their visual deficits and limits of cognitive rehabilitation. The reviewed studies represented a total of 7 patients. There is a scarcity of the number of studies, and mostly consisting of case studies. Results suggest non-pharmacological intervention to be a potentially beneficial approach for the partial compensation of deficits, improvement of daily functionality and improvement of quality of life. Clinical implications and future directions are also highlighted for the advancement of the field, in order to clarify the possible role of non-pharmacological interventions, and its extent, in PCA.

Current and emerging pharmacological therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

The main treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is life style modification including weight reduction and dietary regimen.Majority of patients are safely treated with this management and pharmacologic interventions are not recommended. However, a subgroup of NAFLD patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) who cannot achieve goals of life style modification may need pharmacological therapy. One major obstacle is measurement of histological outcome by liver biopsy which is an invasive method and is not recommended routinely in these patients. Several medications, mainly targeting baseline mechanism of NAFLD, have been investigated in clinical trials for treatment of NASH with promising results. At present, only pioglitazone acting as insulin sensitizing agent and vitamin E as an antioxidant have been recommended for treatment of NASH by international guidelines. Lipid lowering agents including statins and fibrates, pentoxifylline, angiotensin receptor blockers, ursodeoxycholic acid, probiotics and synbiotics are current agents with beneficial effects for treatment of NASH but have not been approved yet. Several emerging medications are in development for treatment of NASH. Obeticholic acid, liraglutide, elafibranor, cenicriviroc and aramchol have been tested in clinical trials or are completing trials. Here in, current and upcoming medications with promising results in clinical trial for treatment of NAFLD were reviewed.

A Non-Invasive Skin Treatment Combining LED with Pharmacologic and Ultrasonic Technologies for Facial Rejuvenation

Background: Non-invasive facial treatments have the ability to rejuvenate the facial profile when specific pharmacologic agents and modalities are prescribed and used in combination taking into consideration each patient’s unique skin type and condition. RATIONALE Epinova is a non-invasive skin treatment that combines the correct concentrations and combinations of topicals and modalities to elicit facial rejuvenation with no down-time or side effects. Purpose: This paper focuses on facial rejuvenation improvements combining the RATIONALE Essential Six skincare system (RATIONALE, Victoria, Australia) to protect and repair the skin with the RATIONALE Epinova facial treatment every 4-6 weeks—which uses non-invasive technologies and professional strength active ingredients to deliver visible changes to skin tone and texture. Methods: Subjects underwent a RATIONALE consultation, including taking a skin history and skin imaging, followed by a data analysis and diagnosis of skin condition and prescription of a customized RATIONALE treatement (Epinova), including appropriate pharmacologic agents and treatment with personalized photo/sono therapeutic devices. Results: Subjects reported increased skin hydration, tactile improvements, skin firmness and visible radiance following the RATIONALE Epinova treatment. Further investigations will be initiated to explore the potential for longer term improvements, including connenctive tissue deposition, reduction of erythema etc. Treatments should be performed every 4-6 weeks for patients under 40 and every 3-4 weeks for patients over 40, to support cell differentiation, migration and desquamation to achieve non-invasive facial rejuvenation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the synergy of pharmacologic, LED light therapy and ultrasonic technologies when prescribed and administered by a trained skin therapist, can lead to a visible improvement in the signs of facial ageing and photodamage, restoring the appearance of healthy, radiant skin. .

Mechanistic studies of lifestyle interventions in type 2 diabetes

AIM:To investigate the effect of lifestyle interventions in the non-pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes via a mechanistic approach.METHODS:A randomized controlled trial was carried out on 60 type 2 diabetic male and female volunteers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria,with their proper consent and permission of the International Electrotechnical Commission for 1 year.30 patients were included in the test group and 30 patients in the control group.Demographic details,anthropometrical status,physical activity,food habits and blood glucose lipid profile of the volunteers were recorded at baseline,the test group was directed for lifestyle intervention and final blood glucose lipid data were collected at the end of one year of patient follow-up.RESULTS:After 1 year,the test group who had a lifestyle intervention was found to show a significant improvement in blood glucose lipid profile.The fasting plasma glucose level(FPG),postprandial plasma glucose level(PPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and body mass index(BMI) values of the test group were reduced significantly,up to 145 ± 2.52,174 ± 2.59,6.3 ± 0.32 and 25 ± 0.41 respectively at the end of the study period,in comparison to the control group whereFPG,PPG,HbA1c and BMI values were 193 ± 3.36,249 ± 4.24,7.2 ± 0.42 and 26 ± 0.65 respectively.Improvement in the total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoproteins(HDL) and low-density lipoproteins(LDL) values of the test group was also remarkable in comparison to the control group.The TC,TG,HDL and LDL values of the test group were reduced significantly,up to 149 ± 3.32,124 ± 2.16,58 ± 0.62 and 118 ± 2.31,respectively.CONCLUSION:The significant improvement in the blood glucose lipid profile of the test group after 1 year signifies the value of non-pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes via lifestyle intervention strategies.

Lifestyle intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chengyang District, Qingdao, China

AIM: To evaluate the effect of a 6 and 12 mo lifestyle modification intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in Chengyang District of Qingdao. METHODS: Participants with NAFLD who had resided in Chengyang District for more than 5 years were enrolled in this study. After the 6 and 12 mo lifestyle modification intervention based on physical activity, nutrition and behavior therapy, parameters such as body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase values, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and visceral fat area (VFA), the liver-spleen ratio and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated and compared between participants with and without the intervention. RESULTS: Seven hundred and twenty-four participants were assigned to the lifestyle intervention group (LS) and 363 participants were assigned to the control group (CON). After the intervention, body weights in the LS group were significantly decreased compared to those in the CON group at 6 mo (11.59% ± 4.7% vs 0.4% ± 0.2%, P = 0.001) and at 12 mo (12.73% ± 5.6% vs 0.9% ± 0.3%, P = 0.001). Compared with the CON group, BMI was more decreased in the LS group after 6 and 12 mo (P = 0.043 and P = 0.032). Waist circumference was more reduced in the LS group than in CON (P = 0.031 and P = 0.017). After the 6 and 12 mo intervention, ALT decreased significantly in the LS group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.002). After 6 and 12 mo, the metabolic syndrome rate had decreased more in the LS group compared with the CON group (P = 0.026 and P = 0.017). After 12 mo, the HOMA-IR score decreased more obviously in the LS group (P = 0.041); this result also appeared in the VFA after 12 mo in the LS group (P = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Lifestyle intervention was effective in improving NAFLD in both 6 and 12 mo interventions. This intervention offered a practical approach for treating a large number of NAFLD patients in the Chengyang District of Qingdao.

Research on the Mechanism of the treatment of non‑alcoholic fatty liver by Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Objective:To analyse the key compounds,targets and pathways of the treatment of non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction based on network pharmacology,in order to explore the molecular mechanism of its therapeutic effects.Methods:The differential genes between sick and normal conditions were screened by GEO‑Datasets,and the heat map and volcano map were drawn.The active compounds in Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction were searched by TCMSP platform and Drugbank database.OB≥30%and DL≥0.18 were set as thresholds to screen potential active compounds and action targets.The molecular target maps of Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction and NAFLD differential genes were constructed,and the PPI network and network topology parameters were obtained by STRING database.The PPI network and network topology parameters were visually analyzed by Cytoscape,and the core regulatory genes were screened.At the same time,the SwissDock platform was used to dock the main active components with the target.The main pathways were determined by GO biological function enrichment analysis and KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis by DAVID.Results:After screening,377 differential genes(127 up‑regulated genes and 250 down‑regulated genes),225 active compounds of Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction,308 corresponding targets were obtained;14 key targets were screened,corresponding to 168 compounds,and the key targets involved MYC,FOSL2,FOS,etc.The results of GO functional enrichment analysis showed that Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction mainly regulated the activity expression of DNA binding transcriptional activator and the specific transcription of RNA polymeraseⅡ;The results of molecular docking showed that the main active components quercetin and baicalein had good binding activity with VCAM1,HSPB1,MYC,JUN and so on;The results of KEGG enrichment analysis showed that it was mainly involved in IL‑17 signal pathway,Wnt receptor signal pathway,NF‑κB signal pathway,TNF signal pathway and AGE‑RAGE signal pathway in diabetic complications.Conclusion:Through the interaction of multi‑components and multi‑targets,Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction has achieved the goal of overall treatment of NAFLD from many ways.The application of network pharmacology provides a new research approach and scientific basis for further study on the mechanism of Jianwei Gexia Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of NAFLD.

Mechanism of Wumei Pill in the Treatment of Non-Erosive reflux disease from the Perspective of Network Pharmacology and Molecular docking

Objective:Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism of Wumei Pill in the treatment of non-erosive reflux disease(NERD).Method:We collected the active ingredients and targets of Wumei Pill by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and collected NERD related targets through Genecards,PharmGKB,Drugbank,DisGeNET,OMIM,CTD and TTD databases.Intersection targets of Wumei Pill targets and NERD related targets were the potential targets of Wumei Pill in the treatment of NERD.We imported the intersection targets into the STRING database to obtain the PPI network,and obtained the hub targets.The network diagram of"Drugs-Potential active ingredients-Potential targets"was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.We used R software to perform Gene Ontology function enrichment analysis(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis(KEGG)on hub targets,and then performed molecular docking verification.Results:There were 129 active ingredients and 213 drug targets of Wumei Pill of which 114 were the intersection targets.1587 GO enrichment items were identified(P<0.05),including 1,491 biological processes,11 cell components,and 85 molecular functions.143 KEGG pathways(P<0.05),mainly related to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection,IL-17 signaling pathway,the TNF signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway.Results of molecular docking showed that the potential active ingredients in Wumei Pill had relatively stable binding activity to the key targets.Conclusion:Wumei pill for the treatment of non-erosive reflux disease are main active ingredients quercetin,kaempferol,beta sitosterol,Isocorypalmine,Stigmasterol,rutaecarpine,etc,the main targets is JUN,TP53,AKT1,may inhibit excessive inflammation,antioxidant therapy effect into full play.This provided a certain theoretical basis for clinical application.

乳腺熏洗方促进非哺乳期乳腺炎术后创面愈合网络药理学分析及临床验证

目的:采用网络药理学方法分析乳腺熏洗方促进非哺乳期乳腺炎(NPM)术后创面愈合的机制,并通过临床研究对关键通路进行验证。方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索并筛选乳腺熏洗方的主要化合物成分和作用靶点,在人类基因综合分析数据库(Genecards)中查找与乳房创面愈合相关的共同靶点,将共同靶点输入STRING数据库,获得蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,再使用Cytoscape 3.10.10软件绘制PPI网络图。利用DAVID数据库和Metascap数据库对疾病-药物潜在靶点进行基因本体(GO)功能富集分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。采用蛋白质印迹法检测4例NPM术后患者治疗前后创面组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、信号转导和转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)蛋白表达水平。结果:乳腺熏洗方促进乳房创面愈合共涉及101个靶点,关键靶点有基质金属蛋白酶(MMP2、MMP9)、细胞因子[白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、成纤维细胞生长因子2(FGF-2)]、黏附分子(ICAM-1)和信号转导蛋白(STAT3、MAPK)等,参与了包括VEGF、缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)、IL-17、AGE-RAGE、TNF等信号通路的调控。治疗后,NPM术后创面组织的VEGF、STAT3蛋白表达水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺熏洗方通过多途径、多靶点的协同调节,在促进NPM术后创面愈合方面具有明确作用。

轻度老年认知障碍的非药物整合式干预:单个案研究

背景认知障碍可导致老年人认知功能下降、抑郁、孤独感,以及自我效能感和生活质量的下降。目的探讨非药物整合式干预对轻度老年认知障碍患者认知功能、抑郁、孤独感、自我效能感和生活质量的干预效果。方法基于认知障碍的风险因素研发了认知功能训练、身体运动、情绪管理、社会连结、健康生活习惯5个维度的非药物整合式干预方案,采用A-B-A单个案受试者设计,于2021年6—12月展开对3名确诊为轻度认知障碍的老年人进行为期3个月,1次/周,60 min/次的干预。于基线、干预3个月后、干预结束后3个月时采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、自我效能感量表(GSES)、简版生活质量量表(SF-12)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、中文版孤独量表(DJGLS)从认知功能、自我效能感、生活质量、抑郁情绪、孤独感5个维度评估3名老年人各量表得分并分析其变化。并在干预结束后3个月进行半结构式访谈,从认知功能、生活质量、抑郁情绪、自我效能感和孤独感维度评估干预效果。结果纳入研究的3名老年人年龄为74、70、73岁,均已婚、与配偶和孙辈共同居住。3名老年人的MoCA基线得分为21、22、24分,干预3个月后为28、26、27分,干预结束后3个月为25、19、23分;GSES基线得分为25、30、27分,干预3个月后为29、29、30分,干预结束后3个月为28、31、28分。SF-12基线时得分为69、32、51分,干预3个月后为81、81、83分,干预结束后3个月为78、38、59分。GDS-15基线得分为4、8、2分,干预3个月后为2、6、1分,干预结束后3个月为1、8、4分。DJGLS基线得分为8、7、8分,干预3个月后为5、5、4分,干预结束后3个月为5、5、7分。半结构访谈资料表明,受试者在认知功能、生活质量、抑郁情绪、孤独感、自我效能感5个维度均有改善。结论对于患有轻度老年认知障碍的受试老年人而言,从认知功能训练、身体运动、情绪调节、社会连结、健康生活习惯5个维度开展非药物整合式的干预是有意义的,轻度老年认知障碍老年人的MoCA、SF-12、GDS-15、DJGLS得分在干预3个月后均有改善,GSES得分在干预后效果不理想,所有维度得分在干预结束后3个月呈递减趋势。

全科规培医师高血压慢病管理知识现状评估及改进策略

目的:通过评估全科规培住院医师的高血压诊治水平及慢病管理能力,并识别存在的不足,以期为改进规范化培训提供依据。方法:对参与我院全科住院医师规范化培训的34名全科规培医师进行高血压相关知识的问卷调查及考核评价,包括高血压诊断、风险分层、社区转诊条件、随访要求、血压管理与非药物干预5个方面;分析不同因素对考核结果的影响,包括性别、轮转年份和是否参与过高血压相关科室的轮转培训。结果:34名全科规培医师本次考核的总体合格率为76.5%,其中血压管理与非药物干预部分仅有23.5%的学员达到合格标准,且平均分[(12.18±1.42)分]明显低于诊断标准[(14.24±1.69)分]、风险分层[(15.00±3.79)分]、社区转诊[(14.00±3.48)分]和随访要求[(13.65±3.17)分]4部分成绩(F=4.441,P=0.002)。不同性别、轮转年份及相关科室是否轮转间差异无统计学意义。结论:全科规培医师对高血压具备基本的诊治能力,但在高血压的持续随访管理和非药物干预措施上仍有明显欠缺。在慢性病的长期管理及综合干预策略上仍需进一步培训和加强。

非药物干预措施对成人感染呼吸道病原体流行特征的影响

目的探讨非药物干预措施(NPIs)对成人感染呼吸道病原体流行率的影响,深入了解NPIs的科学价值和长期效果。方法采用回顾性研究,收集2017-2023年四川大学华西医院呼吸道感染成人患者的临床资料和实验室检查数据,分时段对病原体、人群、季节等方面进行分析。分析时段包括2017-2019年(NPIs实施前),2020-2022年(NPIs实施中),2023年1-12月(NPIs实施后)。结果纳入呼吸道感染成人患者33068例,8种成人感染呼吸道病原体2017-2019年总流行率(26.95%)高于2020-2022年(8.70%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在NPIs实施的前、中、后3个时段中,不同性别、年龄和季节的病原体流行率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NPIs实施前,呼吸道病原体流行的季节高峰出现在每年的1-3月。随着NPIs的实施,流行季节高峰分别出现在2020年1-3月(10.09%)、2021年10-12月(9.32%)、2022年7-9月(15.23%)。NPIs实施后,病原体流行的季节高峰出现在2023年10-12月(21.20%)。8种病原体中,甲型流感病毒H1N1(2009)的流行率变化最为明显,NPIs实施前、中、后流行率分别为17.42%、0.00%、6.99%。结论2017-2023年由于NPIs等因素的影响,呼吸道病原体流行情况改变了原有特征。关注病原体流行率的新特征,对于预防、诊断和控制突发公共卫生事件中的呼吸道感染疾病具有重要意义。

非药物干预对血液透析患者不宁腿综合征影响的网状Meta分析

目的评价非药物干预对血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)患者不宁腿综合征(restless legs syndrome,RLS)症状的影响。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane、中国知网、维普、万方、生物医学文献服务系统,检索时限从建库至2023年5月,收集不同非药物干预对HD患者RLS影响的随机对照研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并进行文献质量评价,运用Stata 17.0软件进行网状Meta分析。结果共纳入21项研究,总样本量为1183例。网状Meta分析结果显示:冷透析液为改善HD患者RLS症状的最优选择。冷透析液与中药足浴联合穴位按摩(SMD=-13.23,95%CI:-25.15~-1.32,P=0.004)、穴位敷贴(SMD=-18.20,95%CI:-30.06~-6.34,P<0.001)、透析中运动训练(SMD=-12.47,95%CI:-21.68~-3.27,P=0.008)、耳穴贴压治疗(SMD=-17.07,95%CI:-29.30~-4.84,P=0.025)、足部反射疗法(SMD=-11.84,95%CI:-22.02~-1.66,P<0.001)、红外光治疗(SMD=-18.16,95%CI:-30.07~-6.25,P<0.001)、督灸疗法(SMD=18.91,95%CI:7.06~30.77,P=0.012)、穴位按摩(SMD=17.91,95%CI:4.65~31.16,P=0.029)比较差异有统计学意义。结论冷透析液可以改善HD患者RLS症状,可根据患者的耐受性制定相关干预措施。

针刺治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的机制研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种以持续性呼吸困难伴咳嗽及痰液生成为主要症状的进展性的气道反应疾病。针刺作为一种非药物疗法在COPD治疗中扮演越来越重要的角色。目前针刺治疗COPD的机制研究主要集中在炎症、免疫调节、氧化应激等方面,针刺通过以上调节机制作用于气道平滑肌,减轻其痉挛从而改善气流限制,改善肺部及全身炎症性反应而发挥治疗作用,但针刺的作用机制仍有待进一步深入研究。对针刺治疗COPD的相关机制研究进行梳理归纳,以期为揭示针刺治疗COPD的相关机制提供一定依据。

产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩的效果及对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩的效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取医院2022年5月至2023年5月收治的产妇90名,随机分为对照组和研究组,各45名。对照组产妇采用常规护理,研究组产妇采用产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩。结果研究组产程显著更短,自然分娩率显著更高,镇痛效果显著更好,不良事件发生率显著更低(P<0.05)。结论产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩可缩短产程,提升自然分娩率,降低产妇分娩的疼痛感知和不良事件发生率。

非药物康复干预对乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍影响的网状Meta分析

目的:评价非药物康复干预措施对乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍的治疗效果。方法:检索Pubmed,Cochrane library,Embase,Web of science,中国知网,万方,维普,CBM数据库符合研究目的的随机对照试验,检索时限截止到2022年2月,应用Stata 16.0软件进行网状Meta分析。结果:纳入研究22项,共10种非药物干预方法,并且纳入的研究均未报告显著不良事件,表明这10种非药物干预措施对于治疗化疗相关认知障碍是安全的。网状结果显示,相比于常规护理,最有效的干预措施排序为正念疗法、认知训练。结论:非药物康复干预对乳腺癌化疗相关认知障碍的治疗安全有效,其中正念疗法和认知训练的干预效果可能最佳,这一结果为临床决策提供了循证数据支持,未来需进行更多高质量研究探索最佳性价比的干预措施。