Physical, Psychological, and Social Health Impact of Temperature Rise Due to Urban Heat Island Phenomenon and Its Associated Factors

The Urban Heat Island Effect（UHI）has now become a commonly observed phenomenon worldwide.Indeed,it has become a significant environmental effect of urbanisation.In Malaysia,research results showed that UHI effects are very evident in several cities such as Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya.UHI effect has long been observed to cause temperature of cities.

Physical factors of primary jet vectoring control using synthetic jet actuators

A primary jet vectoring using synthetic jet actuators with different exit configurations was investigated, and the main physical factors influencing jet vectoring were analyzed and summarized. The physical factors of the pressure difference, the location and area of the lower pressure region, the component of the synthetic jet momentum and the entrainment ratio of the synthetic jet flow to primary jet flow directly control the vectoring force and the vectoring angle. Three characteristic parameters of the synthetic jet contribute to the pressure difference and the area of the lower pressure region Both the extension step and slope angle of the actuator exit have functions of regulating the location of the lower pressure region, the area of the lower pressure region, and the entrainment ratio of the synthetic jet flow to primary jet flow. The slope angle of the actuator exit has additional functions of regulating the component of the synthetic jet momentum. Based upon analyzing the physical factors of jet vectoring control with synthetic jets, the source variables of the physical factors were established. A preparatory control model of jet vectoring using synthetic jet actuator was presented, and it has the benefit of explaining the efficiency of jet vectoring using synthetic jet actuator with source variables at different values, and it indicates the optimal actuator is taking full advantage of the regulating function.

Equivalent circuit with complex physical constants and equivalent-parameters-expressed dissipation factors of piezoelectric materials

The equivalent circuit with complex physical constants for a piezoelectric ceramic in thickness mode is established. In the equivalent circuit, electric components （equivalent circuit parameters） are connected to real and imaginary parts of complex physical coefficients of piezoelectric materials. Based on definitions of dissipation factors, three of them （dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric dissipation factors） are represented by equivalent circuit parameters. Since the equivalent circuit parameters are detectable, the dissipation factors can be easily obtained. In the experiments, the temperature and the stress responses of the three dissipation factors are measured.

Effects of geometrical and physical factors on light particles dispersion by agitation characteristic curve

In this study,the effects of geometrical and physical factors on light particles dispersion in stirred tank were investigated by agitation characteristic curve.The experiments and CFD simulations with discrete phase model(DPM)and volume of fluid model(VOF)were conducted in this paper.Five factors,which include four geometrical factors(submergence,impeller-to-tank ratio,number of impeller blades and baffling mode)and a physical factor(liquid viscosity)were considered.For each factor,the power consumption curve and agitation characteristic curve were drawn to compare the power consumption and mixing results in the stirred tank.Characteristics of the agitation characteristic curves were compared with the previous published literatures and theories.It is found that the agitation characteristic curves reflect the tendency of power consumption and particles distribution well in stirred tank.The good agreement indicates the applicability of the agitation characteristic curves for the study of light particles distribution in stirred tank.

Pang Fuwan Uses Yao Medicine to Observe the Therapeutic Effects on the Physical and Mental Symptoms of Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: Investigate the efficacy and safety of Yao Medicine in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and explore the best therapeutic measure for clinical benefit. Methods: From July 2020 to July 2022, 84 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma were selected and randomly divided into the Observation Group and control group, and the control group was treated with routine Western medicine, with 42 cases in each group. The activity of daily living (ADL) was assessed before and after treatment, meanwhile, the self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety SAS (SAS) were used to assess the improvement of a bad mood, and quality of life SF-36 was used to assess the quality of life, to judge the efficacy and safety. Results: The effective rate of observation group was 91.67%. The effective rate of the control group was 76.19%. The effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05). There were no significant differences in the scores of SDS, SAS and quality of life between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), and after treatment, the scores of SDS, SAS and quality of life in the two groups were compared with those in the control group (P > 0.05), the scores of VAS, SDS and SAS decreased significantly, while ESCV, angle of straight leg elevation, ADL, physiological score, emotional score, social score and health status score increased significantly, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: Yao Medicine can improve the psychosomatic symptoms of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma better, with better efficacy and higher safety.

Influence of personal and lesson factors on caloric expenditure in physical education

Increasing caloric expenditure in physical education is considered an effective school-based approach to addressing the child obesity epidemic.This study was designed to determine synergistic influences of student characteristics and lesson factors o caloric expenditure in elementary and middle school physical education.Methods:The study used a multi-level design.Level-1 factors included personal characteristics:age,gender,and body mass index.Level-2 factors included lesson length,content,and school level.Based on the Center for Disease Control and Prevention age-gender adjusted growth chart,students in 87 classes from 14 elementary and 15 middle schools were pre-screened into "Overweight","Healthy weight",or “Thin” groups.One boy and one girl were randomly selected from each group in each class as data providers(264 elementary and 294 middle school students).Caloric expenditure was measured in 243 physical education lessons using accelerometers.Results:Analysis of variance revealed and hierarchical linear modeling confirmed separate age by body mass index,age by gender,and content by lesson-length interaction effects,suggesting that the personal and lesson factors influenced caloric expenditure independently.Older male and heavier students burned more calories in all lessons.Students burned more calories in 45-60 min sport skill or fitness lessons than in shorter (30 min)or longer(75-90 min)game or multi-activity lessons.Conclusions:The hypothesized cross-level interaction was not observed in the data.Caloric expenditure can be optimized in 45-60 min sport skill or fitness development lessons.It can be recommended that schools adopt 45-60 min lesson length and provide skill and fitness development tasks in physical education to maximize caloric expenditure.Copyright(c)2012,Shanghai University of Sport.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Physical Bookstores of Large Cities:A Case Study of Three National Central Cities in Western China

As cultural facilities,physical bookstore is an important part of urban infrastructure.Influenced by the development of social economy and the internet,physical bookstores also have become a combination of cultural space and tourism experience.In this case,it is necessary to explore the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of physical bookstores.This study uses Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN),spatial analysis and geographical detectors to calculate the spatial distribution pattern and factors influencing physical bookstores in national central cities/municipality(hereafter using cities)in western China.Based on spatial data,population density,road density and other data,this study constructed a data set of the influencing factors of physical bookstores,consisting of 11 factors along 6 dimensions for 3 national central cities in western China.The results are as follows:first,the spatial distribution pattern of physical bookstores in Xi’an,Chengdu,and Chongqing is unbalanced.The spatial distribution of physical bookstores in Xi’an and Chongqing is from southwest to northeast and are relatively clustered,while those in Chengdu are relatively discrete.Second,the spatial distribution pattern of physical bookstores has been formed under the influence of different factors.The intensity and significance of influencing factors differ in the case cities.However,in general,the social factor,business factor,the density of research facilities,tourism factor and road density are the main driving factors in the three cities.There is a synergistic relationship between public libraries and physical bookstores.Third,the explanatory power becomes stronger after the interaction between various factors.In Xi’an and Chengdu,the density of communities and the density of research facilities have stronger explanatory power for the dependent variable after interacting with other factors.However,in Chongqing,the traffic factors have stronger explanatory power for the dependent variable after interacting with other factors.The results could provide a practical reference for the sustainable development of physical bookstores and encourage a love of reading among the public.

Preventive fraction of physical fitness on risk factors in cardiac patients:Retrospective epidemiological study

AIM To quantify the preventive fraction of physical fitness on the risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).METHODS A total of 249 subjects(205 men and 44 women) suffering from CVD were categorized into four groups, according to their percentage of physical fitness. We calculated the odds ratio to obtain the preventive fraction in order to evaluate the impact of the physical fitness level on the risk factors(i.e., abdominal obesity, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, overweight and smoking).RESULTS It is observed that a normal physical fitness level is sufficient to induce a preventive action on abdominal obesity(38%), diabetes(12%), hypertension(33%), obesity(12%) and overweight(11%). Also, the preventive fraction increases with the level of physical fitness, in particular for hypertension(36%) and overweight(16%). A high physical fitness level does not necessarily induce a preventive action in most risk factors, excluding depression. CONCLUSION This is the first study which demonstrates that reaching a normal physical fitness level is enough to induce a protection for some risk factors, despite having a CVD.

Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors in university students in the city of Leon, Mexico

Objectives: Recent changes in life style have increased obesity, smoking and sedentary habits in the entire population. Obesity and overweight frequency have trebled in Mexico in the last few decades. The presence and frequency of cardiovascular risk factors were determined in students at the Universidad DeLa Salle Bajío, both newly admitted and in advanced years. Material and methods: Anthropometric variables, serum glucose, total cholesterol levels, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit were obtained and assessed in 4814 students, 1507 recently admitted and 1507 advanced students. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 15.3%, sedentariness 33.8%, hypercholesterolemia 8.16%, smoking habits 15.8%, and alcohol consumption 12.1%. Body mass index (BMI) (23.5 ± 4 vs. 22.7 ± 4), waist/ abdomen index (0.84 ± 0.06 vs. 0.83 ± 0.06) and serum cholesterol (3.54 mmol/L ± 0.79 vs. 3.98 mmol/L ± 0.77) were greater in the advanced students

Non-viral factors contributing to hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide, accounting for over half a million deaths per year. The geographic pattern of HCC incidence is parallel to exposure to viral etiologic factors. Its incidence is increasing, ranging between 3% and 9% annually depending on the geographical location, and variability in the incidence rates correspond closely to the prevalence and pattern of the primary etiologic factors. Chronic infections with hepatitis B viruses or hepatitis C viruses have both been recognized as human liver carcinogens with a combined attributable fraction of at least 75% of all HCC cases. Multiple non-viral factors have been implicated in the development of HCC. Increased body mass index and diabetes with subsequent development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis represent significant risk factors for HCC. Other non-viral causes of HCC include iron overload syndromes, alcohol use, tobacco, oral contraceptive, aflatoxin, pesticides exposure and betel quid chewing, a prevalent habit in the developing world. Wilson disease, α-1 antitrypsin deficiency, Porphyrias, autoimmune hepatitis, Schistosoma japonicum associated with positive hepatitis B surface antigen, and thorotrastray are also contributing hepatocellualar carcinoma. In addition, primary biliary cirrhosis, congestive liver disease and family history of liver cancer increase the risk of HCC incident. In conclusion,clarification of relevant non-viral causes of HCC will help to focus clinicians on those risk factors that are modifiable. The multilevel preventative approach will hopefully lead to a reduction in incidence of non-viral HCC, and a decrease in the patient morbidity and mortality as well as the societal economic burden associated with HCC.

Non-linguistic Factors and Strategies on the English-Chinese Translation of Humor

The text have an in-depth discussion of the non-linguistic factors on the English-Chinese Translation of humor,and according to different types of humor,summarized the corresponding translation strategies,including the naturalization,replacement and explanation.

Clustering of Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Healthy Adults Aged 35 Years and Older in Shenzhen,China

We assessed the prevalence of non‐ communicable diseases（NCDs） risk factors with a focus on their clustering among healthy adults in Shenzhen, China. Data from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey, comprising a regionally representative sample of 806 healthy adults aged 35 years or older, were obtained to determine the prevalence of five risk factors for NCDs. The prevalence of current smoking, central obesity, impaired fasting glucose, borderline hypertension, and borderline high total cholesterol was 19.97%, 28.29%, 4.47%, 10.55%, and 36.10%, respectively. A total 63.77% of participants had at least one risk factor. Upon examination of risk factor clustering, we observed that 7.57% of participants had at least three risk factors. Using this threshold as a cutoff, clustering of risk factors was associated with sex [odds ratio（OR） = 3.336, 95% confidence interval（CI）： 1.782 to 6.246], physical activity（OR = 1.913, 95% CI： 1.009 to 3.628）, and BMI（OR = 7.376, 95% CI： 3.812 to 14.270）. The prevalence of risk factors for NCDs is fairly high among healthy adults in Shenzhen, with a clustering tendency.

Prospective Cohort Investigation on Physical Activity of Osteoporosis Outcomes(PAOPO)in Jidong:Objectives,Study Design,and Baseline Characteristics

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective association between physical activity(PA),independently or in conjunction with other contributing factors,and osteoporosis(OP)outcomes.Methods The Physical Activity in Osteoporosis Outcomes(PAOPO)study was a community-based cohort investigation.A structured questionnaire was used to gather the participants’sociodemographic characteristics.Bone mineral density(BMD)measurements were performed to assess OP outcomes,and the relationship between BMD and OP was evaluated within this cohort.Results From 2013 to 2014,8,471 participants aged 18 years and older were recruited from Tangshan,China’s Jidong community.Based on their PA level,participants were categorized as inactive,moderately active,or very active.Men showed higher physical exercise levels than women across the activity groups.BMD was significantly higher in the very active group than in the moderately active and inactive groups.Individuals aged>50 years are at a higher risk of developing OP and osteopenia.Conclusion The PAOPO study offers promising insights into the relationship between PA and OP outcomes,encouraging the implementation of PA in preventing and managing OP.

Ethical Dilemma Factor in Regarding Physical Restraints to Elderly of Female Nurses with the Living Together Experience

Purpose: The aim of this study was to illuminate the connotation of “dilemma” regarding the use of physical restraint on elderly patients as represented by female nurses working in general wards at community hospitals who also live with elderly adults at home. Method: The study used the questionnaire method with an independently prepared questionnaire. Participants: The objective of the study was explained to the persons in charge of nursing in the selected 17 hospitals, and 1929. Finally, this study of participants were 524 female nurses working in general 54 wards (excluding the emergency wards of psychiatry, pediatrics, obstetrics, outpatients, operating rooms, and intensive care units) at community hospitals who also live with elderly adults at home. Results and conclusions: Cronbach’s overall coefficient for the 20 items of dilemma was high (0.78) and the factor analysis extracted four dilemma factors as having a characteristic value of 1 (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure value = 0.81) with a cumulative contribution ratio of 64.5%. The high Cronbach’s for these items (0.86, 0.88, 0.87 and 0.81) confirmed the internal consistencies. With respect to the dilemma where nurses working in general wards at community hospitals who also live with elderly adults at home are faced with the physical restraint of elderly persons, four factors in the clarification of the dilemma were extracted: accomplishment of medical-treatment and accident prevention, characteristic features in nursing for elderly patients with dementia, healthcare professional relationship in nursing for elderly patients with dementia, and priorities on the accident prevention for elderly patients with dementia. Therefore, the construction of four systems to cope with these dilemmas is suggested. These systems would enable practising nurses to: (i) institution of policies to encourage discussion between nurses and other medical staff to reach consensus on treatment;(ii) allocating elderly care specialists to wards to promote alternatives to restraints;(iii) establishment of safety standards to define nurses’ responsibilities;and (iv) institution of continuous ethical education for nurses.

The Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Migraine Frequency and Severity in Neurology

Objective: This systematic review examines the impact of lifestyle factors on migraine frequency and severity through a comprehensive analysis of lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, sleep patterns, stress, mental health, and environmental influences. Methods: We thoroughly searched Google Scholar, PUBMED, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using keywords related to migraines and lifestyle factors. Keywords incorporated the Boolean operator “and” to narrow search results. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we identified, screened, and evaluated studies for inclusion, resulting in nine studies meeting the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 4917 records were initially identified from Scopus (2786), PubMed (854), and Web of Science (1277). Following deduplication, 3657 records underwent title screening, with 382 additionally screened by abstract. Ultimately, 88 full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 9 studies meeting eligibility for qualitative synthesis: 7 prospective and 2 retrospective studies. Our findings highlight the multifaceted role of lifestyle factors in migraine pathophysiology and management. Dietary habits, such as high-calorie, high-fat, and gluten-containing diets were linked to migraine triggers. Moderate physical activity showed beneficial effects on migraine management, while intense exercise could exacerbate symptoms. Poor sleep hygiene and insomnia were strongly associated with increased migraine frequency and severity. Chronic stress and poor mental health significantly contributed to migraine exacerbation, with stress management techniques proving beneficial. Environmental factors, including light, sound, weather changes, and allergens, were also identified as significant migraine triggers. Conclusions: Personalized lifestyle modifications, tailored to individual patient profiles, are crucial in managing migraines. Evidence-based recommendations include balanced diets, moderate physical activity, improved sleep hygiene, stress management techniques, and environmental adaptations.

Prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population: An 8-year follow-up study

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in a Chinese population.METHODS: A total of 1948 adults from China was followed for 8 years. A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD at baseline, and then the participants were followed for 8 years to investigate risk factors for the development of NAFLD.RESULTS: A total of 1948 participants were enrolled at baseline, of whom 691 were diagnosed with NAFLD. During the 8-year follow-up, 337 baseline NAFLD-free participants developed NAFLD. They had a greaterincrease in body mass index(BMI), serum uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a considerable decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. 123 participants who had NAFLD at baseline lost NAFLD during the 8-year follow-up period. They had a greater decrease in BMI, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase.CONCLUSION: NAFLD is prevalent in Chinese population with a rapidly increasing tendency. It can be reversed when patients lose their weight, control their hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, and reduce the liver enzyme levels.

Risk factors for proton pump inhibitor refractoriness in Chinese patients with non-erosive reflux disease

AIM:To analyze risk factors for refractoriness to proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) in patients with non-erosive reflux disease(NERD).METHODS:A total of 256 NERD patients treated with the PPI esomeprazole were enrolled.They were classified into symptom-free and residual symptoms groups according to Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia(QolRad) scale.All subjects completed questionnaires on psychological status(self-rating anxiety scale;selfrating depression scale) and quality of life scale(Short Form 36).Multivariate analysis was used to determine the predictive factors for PPI responses.RESULTS:According to QolRad,97 patients were confirmed to have residual reflux symptoms,and the remaining 159 patients were considered symptom free.There were no significant differences between the two groups in lifestyle factors(smoking and alcohol consumption),age,Helicobacter pylori infection,and hiatal hernia.There were significant differences between the two groups in relation to sex,psychological distress including anxiety and depression,body mass index(BMI),and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)(P < 0.05).Logistic regression analysis found that BMI < 23,comorbid IBS,anxiety,and depression were major risk factors for PPI resistance.Symptomatic patients had a lower quality of life compared with symptom-free patients.CONCLUSION:Some NERD patients are refractory to PPIs and have lower quality of life.Residual symptoms are associated with psychological distress,intestinal disorders,and low BMI.

Risk factors of gastroparesis syndrome after abdominal nongastroduodenal operation and its prevention

Objective:To investigate risk factors of gastroparesis syndrome(PGS) after abdominal nongastroduodenal operation and its prevention.Methods:Clinical data of 22 patients with PGS after abdominal non-gastroduodenal operation was analyzed retrospectively,and compared with the patients of non-PGS after abdominal non-gastroduodenal operation during the same time.The possible influencing factors of PCS were analyzed by single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results:All t3 selected factors related with PGS,including age,disease category (benign and malignant),operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative analgesic pump, postoperative enteral nutrition time,postoperative parenteral nutrition time,perioperative blood glucose level,perioperative nutrition status(anaemia or lower proleinemia),pylorus obstruction before surgery,intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and spiritual factor were related with PGS.The statistical analysis showed that the difference was statistical significant(P【0.05),and gender had no correlation with PCS(P】0.05);non-conditional multivariate analysis showed that malignant tumor,perioperative nutrition status,pylorus obstruction,operation time,blood loss, intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and mental factor were significant related with PGS as dependent variable and related risk factors in single factor analysis as independent variables (P 【0.05).Conclusions:PGS is a result of multiple factors,and among these factors,malignant tumor,poor nutrition status,pylorus obstruction before surgery,longer operation—time,more blood loss,intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and mental factor are major risk factors of PGS.

New insights of Helicobacter pylori host-pathogen interactions: The triangle of virulence factors, epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a model organism for understanding host-pathogen interactions and infection-mediated carcinogenesis. Gastric cancer and H. pylori colonization indicates the strong correlation. The progression and exacerbation of H. pylori infection are influenced by some factors of pathogen and host. Several virulence factors involved in the proper adherence and attenuation of immune defense to contribute the risk of emerging gastric cancer, therefore analysis of them is very important. H. pylori also modulates inflammatory and autophagy process to intensify its pathogenicity. From the host regard, different genetic factors particularly affect the development of gastric cancer. Indeed, epigenetic modifications, Micro RNA and long non-coding RNA received more attention. Generally, various factors related to pathogen and host that modulate gastric cancer development in response to H. pylori need more attention due to develop an efficacious therapeutic intervention. Therefore, this paper will present a brief overview of host-pathogen interaction especially emphases on bacterial virulence factors, interruption of host cellular signaling, the role of epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs.

Synergistic effects of compound physical factor treatment on neurological outcome after peripheral nerve entrapment surgery A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND： Iatrophysics can improve the velocity of local microcirculation at peripheral nerve injured sites and promote the recovery from injury. Research has shown that simultaneous application of two physical factors has synergistic effects on the recovery of peripheral nerve function. OBJECTIVE： To treat patients that received peripheral nerve entrapment surgery with comprehensive rehabilitation by decimeter wave therapy and electrical stimulation, and to observe the clinical effects of promoting nerve function recovery. DESIGN： Randomized controlled study. SETTINGS： Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Hospital of Baoding; Department of Hand Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Woman-Children Healthcare Center, Southern District, Baoding. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 124 patients, who received peripheral nerve entrapment surgery, were selected from the Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Hospital of Baoding between July 2001 and May 2007. All patients met the diagnostic standard of peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome defined by Doctor Chen in 1995. All subjects gave informed consent for treatments and conditions involved. The experiment was approved by a local ethics committee. All patients were randomly divided into four groups： electrical stimulation group, decimeter wave group, compound physical factor group, and control group, with 31 subjects in each group. METHODS： Patients received neurolysis at an appropriate interval after hospitalization. （1） Multi-form wave therapeutic equipment made in China was used to treat patients in the electrical stimulation group after neurolysis. Wave form, stimulus width, interval time, and stimulus intensity were regulated based on the grade of nerve injury. The details were as follows： mild nerve injury： 50-100-ms stimulus width and 1 500-2 000-ms intervals; moderate nerve injury： 100-200-ms stimulus width and 3 000-4 000-ms intervals; severe nerve injury： 200-300-ms stimulus width and 3 000--6 000-ms intervals. Current dosage was 20- 40 mA. The electrical stimulation was given 6 minutes/session, once a day, and 20 days were regarded as one treatment cycle. （2） A TMA-A double-frequent mild-hot therapeutic instrument was used on patients in the decimeter wave group after neurolysis. The therapeutic program was adapted to the early and middle-late phase. In the early phase, the decimeter wave was 10-15 W, 10 minutes/session, once a day; in the middle-late phase, the decimeter wave was 10-30 W, 20 minutes/session, once a day. Twenty days were regarded as one treatment cycle. （3） Patients in the compound physical factor group following neurolysis were treated the same as the decimeter wave group and electrical stimulation group, respectively. The treatment was performed once a day, and 20 days were regarded as one course. （4） Patients in the control group were not administered any physical treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Therapeutic efficacy was comprehensively evaluated based on motor and sensory evaluation criteria （set by Subassociation of Hand Surgery, Chinese Medical Association） at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery, as well as changes in the electromyogram before and after operation. RESULTS： All 124 patients with peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome were included in the final analysis. One month after surgery, fineness rates in the electrical stimulation group, decimeter wave group, and compound physical factor group were not significantly different from those in the control group （P 〉 0.05）. There was also no significant difference between the electrical stimulation group, decimeter wave group, and compound physical factor group （P 〉 0.05）. Two months after surgery, fineness rates in the electrical stimulation group and decimeter wave group were not significantly different from the control group （P 〉 0.05）. However, fineness rates were higher in the compound physical factor group compared to the other three groups （P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference between the electrical stimulation group and the decimeter wave group （P 〉 0.05）. Three months after operation, fineness rates in the electrical stimulation group, decimeter wave group, and compound physical factor group were higher than the control group （P 〈 0.05）. However, there was no significant difference between the electrical stimulation group, decimeter wave group, and compound physical factor group （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The combination of decimeter wave therapy and electrical stimulation can remarkably shorten the recovery time of peripheral nerve function. The synergistic effect is superior to that of electrical stimulation and decimeter wave alone. This suggests that those two physical factors have synergistic effects on the treatment of peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome.