The level surfaces of geometric discord for a class of two-qubit non-X states are investigated when the Bloch vectors are in arbitrary directions. The level surfaces of constant geometric discord are formed by three i...The level surfaces of geometric discord for a class of two-qubit non-X states are investigated when the Bloch vectors are in arbitrary directions. The level surfaces of constant geometric discord are formed by three intersecting open tubes along three orthogc^nal directions. When Bloch vectors increase, the tubes along one or two directions shrink towards the center and may either totally disappear or the open tubes may become closed tubes when the Bloch vectors reach a critical value. In the generalized amplitude damping channel, the evolution of geometric discord shows double sudden changes when the parameter γ, increases. In the phase damping channel, the freezing phenomenon of geometric discord also exists.展开更多
To use non X ray comprehensive measurement for accurate localization of sublabio septo sphenoidal approach for shortening operating duration, decreasing hemorrhage, and increasing the success rate of operation Me...To use non X ray comprehensive measurement for accurate localization of sublabio septo sphenoidal approach for shortening operating duration, decreasing hemorrhage, and increasing the success rate of operation Methods Operations in 122 patients suffering from tumors in the sella turcica region used non X ray localizations including localization by the angle formed by the glalella, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina sella turcica; localization by the angle formed by the upper incisors, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina sella turcica; and localization by anatomical markers (determination of the midline by the nasoseptum and vomer; determination of the anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus by the foramen of the sphenoidal sinus and vomer body; correction of the site by septum of the sphenoidal sinus; location of the center of saddle by the shape of the floor of the sella and determination of the approach direction by the damaged area in the sella turcica region) were comprehensively employed Additionally, X ray localization was used to correct its accuracy Results Non X ray comprehensive localization was applied to 40 patients for determining the site and depth of the floor of the sella, and the preciseness of the measurement was confirmed with X ray Operating duration averages 2 2 hours Non X ray localization was directly applied to 82 patients for comprehensively measuring the floor of the sella, and operations were successful Operating duration averages 1 5 hours and blood transfusion averages 200?ml No deaths and severe complications occurred Conclusion Non X ray comprehensive measurement can be directly applied for precisely localizing the floor of the sella展开更多
目的:基于CT影像组学预测实性非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织细胞程序性死亡-配体1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)蛋白表达状态的价值。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实为NSCLC且影像学上肿瘤表现为实性的患者116例...目的:基于CT影像组学预测实性非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织细胞程序性死亡-配体1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)蛋白表达状态的价值。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实为NSCLC且影像学上肿瘤表现为实性的患者116例,其中鳞癌55例,腺癌61例,分析其临床与影像资料,筛选临床独立预测因子并构建临床模型。将图像导出并对其平扫及动脉期图像进行配准,手动逐层勾画肿瘤的感兴趣区域并提取影像组学特征,经过特征筛选后构建影像组学模型并计算每例患者影像组学评分,将影像组学评分与临床独立预测因子进行联合构建列线图。使用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估模型诊断效能,使用决策分析曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)评价模型的临床效用,利用DeLong检验评估模型之间差异。此外,按鳞癌和腺癌两种病理分型进行分组并进行亚组分析。结果:空洞和影像组学评分是预测PD-L1表达的临床独立预测因子(空洞有优势比为3.624,影像组学优势比为2.532)。列线图的诊断表现(训练组AUC vs验证组AUC:0.861 vs 0.803)优于影像组学模型(AUC:0.847 vs 0.777)和临床模型(AUC:0.608 vs 0.570)。决策曲线表明,列线图相比与临床模型和影像组学模型具有更高的临床应用价值。亚组分析中,列线图仍然具有很好的诊断效能,且在鳞癌组中的诊断效能优于腺癌组。结论:CT影像组学列线图能够在术前有效的预测实性NSCLC组织PD-L1蛋白表达状态,能够为临床方案选择和术前决策提供帮助。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11074184,11204197,and 11105095)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20103201120002)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘The level surfaces of geometric discord for a class of two-qubit non-X states are investigated when the Bloch vectors are in arbitrary directions. The level surfaces of constant geometric discord are formed by three intersecting open tubes along three orthogc^nal directions. When Bloch vectors increase, the tubes along one or two directions shrink towards the center and may either totally disappear or the open tubes may become closed tubes when the Bloch vectors reach a critical value. In the generalized amplitude damping channel, the evolution of geometric discord shows double sudden changes when the parameter γ, increases. In the phase damping channel, the freezing phenomenon of geometric discord also exists.
文摘To use non X ray comprehensive measurement for accurate localization of sublabio septo sphenoidal approach for shortening operating duration, decreasing hemorrhage, and increasing the success rate of operation Methods Operations in 122 patients suffering from tumors in the sella turcica region used non X ray localizations including localization by the angle formed by the glalella, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina sella turcica; localization by the angle formed by the upper incisors, anterior nasal spina and anterior nasal spina sella turcica; and localization by anatomical markers (determination of the midline by the nasoseptum and vomer; determination of the anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus by the foramen of the sphenoidal sinus and vomer body; correction of the site by septum of the sphenoidal sinus; location of the center of saddle by the shape of the floor of the sella and determination of the approach direction by the damaged area in the sella turcica region) were comprehensively employed Additionally, X ray localization was used to correct its accuracy Results Non X ray comprehensive localization was applied to 40 patients for determining the site and depth of the floor of the sella, and the preciseness of the measurement was confirmed with X ray Operating duration averages 2 2 hours Non X ray localization was directly applied to 82 patients for comprehensively measuring the floor of the sella, and operations were successful Operating duration averages 1 5 hours and blood transfusion averages 200?ml No deaths and severe complications occurred Conclusion Non X ray comprehensive measurement can be directly applied for precisely localizing the floor of the sella
文摘目的:基于CT影像组学预测实性非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织细胞程序性死亡-配体1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)蛋白表达状态的价值。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实为NSCLC且影像学上肿瘤表现为实性的患者116例,其中鳞癌55例,腺癌61例,分析其临床与影像资料,筛选临床独立预测因子并构建临床模型。将图像导出并对其平扫及动脉期图像进行配准,手动逐层勾画肿瘤的感兴趣区域并提取影像组学特征,经过特征筛选后构建影像组学模型并计算每例患者影像组学评分,将影像组学评分与临床独立预测因子进行联合构建列线图。使用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估模型诊断效能,使用决策分析曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)评价模型的临床效用,利用DeLong检验评估模型之间差异。此外,按鳞癌和腺癌两种病理分型进行分组并进行亚组分析。结果:空洞和影像组学评分是预测PD-L1表达的临床独立预测因子(空洞有优势比为3.624,影像组学优势比为2.532)。列线图的诊断表现(训练组AUC vs验证组AUC:0.861 vs 0.803)优于影像组学模型(AUC:0.847 vs 0.777)和临床模型(AUC:0.608 vs 0.570)。决策曲线表明,列线图相比与临床模型和影像组学模型具有更高的临床应用价值。亚组分析中,列线图仍然具有很好的诊断效能,且在鳞癌组中的诊断效能优于腺癌组。结论:CT影像组学列线图能够在术前有效的预测实性NSCLC组织PD-L1蛋白表达状态,能够为临床方案选择和术前决策提供帮助。
