Cinobufotalin prevents bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice through the BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways

Background:Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength.However,current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications.The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system(DLEPS)is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes.This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin(CB),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),on bone loss.Methods:DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis.Micro-CT,histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB,and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMMSCs)were also investigated.The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR,Western blot(WB),immunofluorescence(IF),etc.Results:A safe concentration(0.25mg/kg in vivo,0.05μM in vitro)of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs.Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation,further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors,and ultimately promoting osteogenesis.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss,further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs,with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.

YTE-17 inhibits colonic carcinogenesis by resetting antitumor immune response via Wnt5a/JNK mediated metabolic signaling

The density and composition of lymphocytes infiltrating colon tumors serve as predictive factors for the clinical outcome of colon cancer.Our previous studies highlighted the potent anti-cancer properties of the principal compounds found in Garcinia yunnanensis(YTE-17),attributing these effects to the regu-lation of multiple signaling pathways.However,knowledge regarding the mechanism and effect of YTE-17 in the prevention of colorectal cancer is limited.In this study,we conducted isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)analysis on intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)exposed YTE-17,both in vitro and in vivo,revealing a significant inhibition of the Wnt family member 5a(Wnt5a)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)signaling pathway.Subsequently,we elucidated the influence and mechanism of YTE-17 on the tumor microenvironment(TME),specifically focusing on macrophage-mediated T helper 17(Th17)cell induction in a colitis-associated cancer(CAC)model with Wnt5a deletion.Additionally,we performed the single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)on the colonic tissue from the Wnt5a-deleted CAC model to characterize the composition,lineage,and functional status of immune mesenchymal cells during different stages of colorectal cancer(CRC)progression.Remarkably,our findings demon-strate a significant reduction in M2 macrophage polarization and Th17 cell phenotype upon treatment with YTE-17,leading to the restoration of regulatory T(Treg)/Th17 cell balance in azoxymethane(AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)model.Furthermore,we also confirmed that YTE-17 effectively inhibited the glycolysis of Th17 cells in both direct and indirect co-culture systems with M2 macrophages.Notably,our study shed light on potential mechanisms linking the non-canonical Wnt5a/JNK signaling pathway and well-established canonical b-catenin oncogenic pathway in vivo.Specifically,we proposed that Wnt5a/JNK signaling activity in IECs promotes the development of cancer stem cells with b-catenin activity within the TME,involving macrophages and T cells.In summary,our study undergoes the po-tential of YTE-17 as a preventive strategy against CRC development by addressing the imbalance with the immune microenvironment,thereby mitigating the risk of malignancies.

Effects of Helicobacter pylori and Moluodan on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in mice with precancerous gastric cancer lesions

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is the primary risk factor for gastric cancer(GC),the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway is closely linked to tumourigenesis.GC has a high mortality rate and treatment cost,and there are no drugs to prevent the progression of gastric precancerous lesions to GC.Therefore,it is necessary to find a novel drug that is inexpensive and preventive to against GC.AIM To explore the effects of H.pylori and Moluodan on the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and precancerous lesions of GC(PLGC).METHODS Mice were divided into the control,N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU),H.pylori+MNU,and Moluodan groups.We first created an H.pylori infection model in the H.pylori+MNU and Moluodan groups.A PLGC model was created in the remaining three groups except for the control group.Moluodan was fed to mice in the Moloudan group ad libitum.The general condition of mice were observed during the whole experiment period.Gastric tissues of mice were grossly and microscopically examined.Through quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western blotting analysis,the expression of relevant genes were detected.RESULTS Mice in the H.pylori+MNU group showed the worst performance in general condition,gastric tissue visual and microscopic observation,followed by the MNU group,Moluodan group and the control group.QRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to detect the expression of relevant genes,the results showed that the H.pylori+MNU group had the highest expression,followed by the MNU group,Moluodan group and the control group.CONCLUSION H.pylori can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby facilitating the development and progression of PLGC.Moluodan suppressed the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thereby decreasing the progression of PLGC.

Pachymic acid exerts antitumor activities by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting PTP1B

Objective:To determine the inhibitory effects of pachymic acid on lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism.Methods:CCK-8,wound healing,Transwell,Western blot,tube formation,and immunofluorescence assays were carried out to measure the effects of various concentrations of pachymic acid on LUAD cell proliferation,metastasis,angiogenesis as well as autophagy.Subsequently,molecular docking technology was used to detect the potential targeted binding association between pachymic acid and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B).Moreover,PTP1B was overexpressed in A549 cells to detect the specific mechanisms of pachymic acid.Results:Pachymic acid suppressed LUAD cell viability,metastasis as well as angiogenesis while inducing cell autophagy.It also targeted PTP1B and lowered PTP1B expression.However,PTP1B overexpression reversed the effects of pachymic acid on metastasis,angiogenesis,and autophagy as well as the expression of Wnt3a andβ-catenin in LUAD cells.Conclusions:Pachymic acid inhibits metastasis and angiogenesis,and promotes autophagy in LUAD cells by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via targeting PTP1B.

Correlation between Wnt Signalling Inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 & Sclerostin) and the Intimal Medial Thickness in Children on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Background: Wnt signalling inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin) signalling play a role in vascular development and may contribute to calcification. Aim: To investigate the association between Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin serum concentrations in children undergoing maintenance hemodialysis with intimal medial thickness and peak systolic velocity of the main arteries. Patients and Methods: A study was conducted on 40 children undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and controls of the same age and sex. The study measured the initial medial thickness (IMT) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the main vessels (carotid, ulnar, and femoral). Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin serum levels in both groups were assessed, and a routine investigation was performed. Results: The findings indicate that the levels of serum Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin were significantly higher in the hemodialysis group 2540.65 (2215.4 - 2909.2 pg/ml) and 1.17 (0.85 - 2.03 ng/ml)respectively (P = 0.001), compared to their control group it was 1110.45 (885.45 - 1527.65 pg/ml) and 0.28 (0.25 - 0.32 ng/ml)) respectively P = 0.001. Additionally, there was a significant increase in intima-media thickness (IMT) with a decrease in peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the main blood vessels, including the carotid, ulnar, and femoral arteries. A significant correlation was also observed between Dickkopf-1 and sclerostin levels and IMT of the carotid, ulnar, and femoral arteries. Conclusion: Wnt signalling inhibitors (Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin) exert effects beyond the bone and significantly contribute to early vascular calcification in pediatric patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Clinicopathological features and expression of regulatory mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal sessile serrated adenomas/polyps with different syndrome types

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer worldwide,with the fourth highest mortality among all cancers.Reportedly,in addition to adenomas,serrated polyps,which account for 15%-30%of CRCs,can also develop into CRCs through the serrated pathway.Sessile serrated adenomas/polyps(SSAs/Ps),a type of serrated polyps,are easily misdiagnosed during endoscopy.AIM To observe the difference in the Wnt signaling pathway expression in SSAs/Ps patients with different syndrome types.METHODS From January 2021 to December 2021,patients with SSAs/Ps were recruited from the Endoscopy Room of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital,affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Thirty cases each of large intestine damp-heat(Da-Chang-Shi-Re,DCSR)syndrome and spleen-stomach weakness(Pi-Wei-Xu-Ruo)syndrome were reported.Baseline comparison of the general data,typical tongue coating,colonoscopy findings,and hematoxylin and eosin findings was performed in each group.The expression of the Wnt pathway-related proteins,namelyβ-catenin,adenomatous polyposis coli,and mutated in colorectal cancer,were analyzed using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Significant differences were observed with respect to the SSAs/Ps size between the two groups of patients with different syndrome types(P=0.001).The other aspects did not differ between the two groups.The Wnt signaling pathway was activated in patients with SSAs/Ps belonging to both groups,which was manifested asβ-catenin protein translocation into the nucleus.However,SSAs/Ps patients with DCSR syndrome had more nucleation,higherβ-catenin expression,and negative regulatory factor(adenomatous polyposis coli and mutated in colorectal cancer)expression(P<0.0001)than SSA/P patients with Pi-Wei-Xu-Ruo syndrome.In addition,the SSA/P size was linearly correlated with the related protein expression.CONCLUSION Patients with DCSR syndrome had a more obvious Wnt signaling pathway activation and a higher risk of carcinogenesis.A high-quality colonoscopic diagnosis was essential.The thorough assessment of clinical diseases can be improved by combining the diseases of Western medicine with the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine.

The Role and Mechanism of LncRNA-p21 in Regulating Gastric Cancer Metastasis by Mediating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Objective:To study the mechanism of lncRNA p21 inhibiting the growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods:Lentiviral overexpression of lncRNA-p21 in human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cell transfections was observed and analyzed for in vitro migration,invasion,cell morphology and proliferation.Besides.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was tested for direct involvement in lncRNA-p21-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell growth and proliferation.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was validated using Li-C1.Results:Gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in the overexpression of lncRNA-p21 showed changes in stellate morphology,low invasion,or spindle-shaped morphology.LncRNA-p21 inhibited the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells both in vivo and in vitro,and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated the proliferation,invasion,and migration of lncRNA-p21 on gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells.Conclusion:LncRNA-p21 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in vitro and in vivo,and the inhibition of lncRNA p21 is mainly mediated by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Effects of Qigongwan on Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Rats with Polycystic Ovary syndrome

[Objectives] To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qigongwan on PCOS model rats by detecting the changes in sex hormone levels in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and observing the effects of ovarian pathological morphological changes, apoptosis and expression of Wnt/β-β catenin signaling pathway protein. [Methods] Ten of 40 female SD rats were randomly selected as the normal group, and the other 30 rats were treated with letrozole combined with high-fat diet to establish the PCOS rat model. After successful modeling, the model group was randomly divided into Qigongwan group, positive Daying-35 (Ethinylestradiol and Cyproterone Acetate Tablets) group and model group, with 10 rats in each group. Qigongwan group was given 14.7 g/(kg·d) by gavage, Daying-35 group was given 0.21 mg/(kg·d) by oral gavage, and normal group and model group were given the same amount of distilled water, and the intervention lasted for 21 d. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E 2) and progesterone (P) in serum. HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphological changes of ovarian tissues;TUNEL staining was used to observe apoptosis of ovarian tissue granule cells;the expression of Wnt, β-catenin protein in rat ovarian tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. [Results] (i) Compared with the model group, Qigongwan group and Daying-35 group could significantly increase serum E 2 and P levels, significantly reduce serum T levels ( P <0.01), significantly reduce serum LH levels and LH/FSH ratio ( P <0.01), and increase serum FSH levels ( P <0.05) in different degrees. (ii)The results of HE staining showed that compared with the model group, Qigongwan and Daying-35 groups could improve follicular development and reduce atretic follicles in different degrees. Compared with Daying-35 group, the number of GC layers in Qigongwan group was significantly increased. (iii) The results of TUNEL staining showed that compared with the model group, the rate of TUNEL-positive cells in the Qigongwan group and Daying-35 group decreased significantly ( P <0.01). (iv) The immunohistochemical results showed that compared with the model group, the expression levels of wnt and β-catenin in the Qigongwan group and the Daying-35 group increased in different degrees ( P <0.05), and the expression range increased. [Conclusions] Qigongwan can regulate the secretion level of sex hormones such as FSH and LH, improve the pathological damage of ovarian tissue, and inhibit apoptosis of ovarian granule cells, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

TCM Intervention on Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is the most serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus,which is highly prevalent worldwide.Abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is an important mechanism of renal damage induced by hyperglycemia.Many studies have shown that TCM has the advantages of high efficiency and safety in the prevention and treatment of DN.Some TCM monomers and compounds repair podocyte function and inhibit transdifferentiation process by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,thus playing a protective role in kidney.Based on this,this paper will review the existing research results and related mechanisms of TCM intervention in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the treatment of DN,in order to promote the more effective and reasonable application of TCM in clinical practice.

Effects of curcumin on uterine leiomyoma in a rat model by inhibiting β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway

Background:Women with uterine leiomyomas may suffer severe symptoms.To avoid risks of side effects,it is necessary to develop an optimal agent to shrink leiomyomas with fewer side effects and a lower recurrence rate.Curcumin may have a lower side effect in uterine leiomyoma treatment.Methods:We established the estrogen-and-progesterone-induced murine model of uterine leiomyoma.Next,we determined the expression of related genes of the β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway by western blot,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and immunohistochemistry.We also noticed the morphological changes in uterine tissues by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Results:Curcumin plays an important role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related expression including β-catenin,adenomatous polyposis coli,glycogen synthase kinase-3β,Wnt-11,and serum hormone concentrations.Conclusions:Curcumin could the down-regulation of serum hormone concentrations and inhibition of the β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma.

低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin通路介导胰腺癌化疗耐药及机制研究

目的:研究低氧微环境通过TGFBI调控胰腺癌耐药的作用及分子机制。方法:以CCK-8方法检测细胞增殖;以Western blotting技术检测蛋白表达水平;以ImageJ软件分析蛋白灰度值;RNAi技术用于敲减TGFBI基因。结果:TGFBI在Panc-1细胞中表达比正常细胞增强;低氧促进胰腺癌细胞Panc-1增殖并减弱顺铂对Panc-1的抑制作用,而高氧抑制Panc-1细胞增殖并加强顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧促进TGFBI表达及EMT行为;低氧通过TGFBI调控Panc-1细胞增殖及顺铂的杀伤作用;低氧通过TGFBI调控Wnt/β-catenin信号,进而促进EMT行为。结论:低氧微环境通过增强TGFBI表达促进胰腺癌细胞增殖及耐药;低氧微环境通过TGFBI激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,促进EMT标志分子表达。

川芎嗪调控Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路对冠心病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的:探讨川芎嗪调控Wnt/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)信号通路对冠心病(CHD)大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:选择成年雄性SD大鼠50只,分为对照组、模型组、川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组,各10只。采用高脂饲料喂养加脂肪乳剂灌胃建立CHD大鼠模型,对照组和模型组大鼠尾静脉注射等体积生理盐水,川芎嗪低、中、高剂量腹腔注射川芎嗪,各组均连续治疗3周。干预后检测各组大鼠心功能和血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平,采用HE染色观察心肌组织结构,TUNEL检测心肌细胞凋亡情况,RT-qPCR、Western blot法检测心肌组织Wnt3a、β-cateninmRNA及蛋白表达。结果:模型组大鼠心功能低于对照组和川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组(均P<0.05)。模型组大鼠血清LDH、CK、CK-MB水平高于对照组和川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组(均P<0.05)。对照组心肌细胞大小均等,心肌纤维无肿胀、排列紧密,模型组心肌纤维呈现明显肿胀、断裂,细胞排列无规则,并有大量炎症细胞浸润,川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组心肌损伤逐渐改善,细胞水肿变性减少,仅少量炎性细胞浸润。川芎嗪高剂量组心肌组织中Wnt3a、β-cateninmRNA和蛋白表达低于低、中剂量组(均P<0.05)。结论:川芎嗪能改善大鼠心肌细胞的凋亡,减轻细胞损伤,其机制可能与调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关蛋白表达有关。

Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的中药调控与创面愈合

创面愈合是由于外伤、糖尿病溃疡、压疮、感染和术后创面不愈合等多种因素导致的如表皮、真皮、肌肉、筋膜等局部组织的损伤,其愈合过程是一个复杂且动态的程序,涉及到多种细胞反应和周围微环境的相互配合。目前,创面发病率呈逐年增长的趋势,造成了全球范围内巨大的社会和经济负担,老龄人口中发生的慢性损伤随着年龄的增长而逐年攀升。当前,修复创面的药物种类及方法多样,一定程度上减轻了患者的生理、心理和经济社会压力。中药单体及复方制剂修复创面具有独特的优势和力量,引起社会各界广泛的关注及应用,Wnt/β-catenin是调节细胞增殖、分化及凋亡,高度参与创面修复,是皮肤损伤修复过程中最重要的经典信号通路之一。Wnt/β-catenin信号通路通过中药单体及复方制剂降低机体创面中蛋白激酶、炎症反应,促进血管新生和表皮干细胞等表达,对创面愈合的治疗具有重要的参考价值。本文复习国内外相关文献,对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路与创面的关系及中药单体和中药复方通过调控该信号通路影响创面愈合的机制进行归纳总结,为中药治疗创面损伤提供新的思路和方向。

松果菊苷调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对肺癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮间质转化的影响

目的探讨松果菊苷调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对肺癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮间质转化(EMT)的影响。方法将肺癌HCC827细胞分为对照组、松果菊苷低、高剂量组、松果菊苷高剂量+LiC1(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂)组、FH535组(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制剂)。克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆能力;细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移;Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;Western Blot检测E-cadherin、N-cadherin、vimentin、Ki-67、MMP-9、Caspase-3、β-catenin、c-Myc和cyclin D1蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,松果菊苷低、高剂量组和FH535组HCC827细胞克隆形成率、划痕愈合率与侵袭个数、N-cadherin、vimentin、Ki-67、MMP-9、β-catenin、c-Myc和cyclin D1蛋白表达显著降低,凋亡率、E-cadherin、Caspase-3蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05);LiC1可部分逆转松果菊苷对HCC827细胞恶性生物学行为的抑制作用(P<0.05);FH535组HCC827细胞各项检测指标与松果菊苷高剂量组处于同一水平(P>0.05)。结论松果菊苷可抑制HCC827细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT,并促进细胞凋亡,进而抑制肺癌细胞的恶性生物学行为,可能是通过阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路实现的。

骨疏方调节FoxO3a/Wnt信号通路对H_(2)O_(2)诱导成骨细胞损伤的影响

目的探讨骨疏方调节FoxO3a/Wnt信号通路对过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))诱导成骨细胞损伤的影响。方法CCK-8法检测不同浓度(0.01、0.1、1、10、100μmol/L)的骨疏方对H_(2)O_(2)诱导的MC3T3-E1细胞活力。随后设置对照组、H_(2)O_(2)(150μmol/L H_(2)O_(2))组、骨疏方组、骨疏方+空载体组、骨疏方+FoxO3a过表达组。CCK-8法、ELISA分别检测细胞活力、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA);成骨诱导分化后,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)试剂盒及茜素红分析ALP活性、细胞骨矿化结节;qRT-PCR检测成骨相关基因OPN mRNA、Runx2 mRNA以及FoxO3a mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测通路相关蛋白FoxO3a、Wnt2、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)表达水平。结果与对照组比较,H_(2)O_(2)组MDA、FoxO3a表达显著增加,细胞活力、SOD、ALP活性、骨矿化结节数量、OPN mRNA、Runx2 mRNA、Wnt2、β-catenin表达显著降低(P<0.05);与H_(2)O_(2)组比较,骨疏方组MDA、FoxO3a表达显著降低,细胞活力、SOD、ALP活性、骨矿化结节数量、OPN mRNA、Runx2 mRNA、Wnt2、β-catenin表达显著增加(P<0.05);与骨疏方+空载体组比较,骨疏方+FoxO3a过表达组MDA、FoxO3a表达显著增加,细胞活力、SOD、ALP活性、骨矿化结节数量、OPN mRNA、Runx2 mRNA、Wnt2、β-catenin表达显著降低(P<0.05)。结论骨疏方可改善H_(2)O_(2)诱导成骨细胞损伤,可能与抑制FoxO3a/Wnt信号通路有关。

积雪草酸通过Wnt/β-catenin通路逆转白血病K562/ADR细胞的多药耐药性研究

目的:探讨积雪草酸(asiatic acid,AA)对人耐阿霉素(adriamycin,ADR)慢性髓系白血病K562/ADR细胞多药耐药的逆转作用及其机制。方法:采用CCK-8法检测K562细胞和K562/ADR细胞对ADR的耐药性;CCK-8法检测AA对K562/ADR细胞活力的影响及对ADR敏感性的增强作用;无毒剂量的AA(10、20μmol/L)处理K562/ADR细胞后,流式细胞术检测细胞内ADR的平均荧光强度;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测多药耐药相关蛋白1(multidrug resistance protein-1,MRP1)、P-糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、原癌基因(C-myc)、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)的mRNA表达水平;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)法检测MRP1、P-gp、β-catenin、C-myc、cyclinD1蛋白的表达水平。20μmol/L AA联合Wnt/β-catenin通路激动剂WAY-262611(5μmol/L)处理K562/ADR细胞后,Western blot法检测细胞内MRP1、P-gp、β-catenin、C-myc、cyclinD1蛋白表达水平的变化。结果:CCK-8检测结果显示,K562/ADR细胞的耐药性是K562细胞的56.57倍,具有稳定耐药性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AA可呈浓度依赖性抑制K562/ADR细胞的增殖活力(r=0.9666)。与0μmol/L AA组相比,10、20μmol/L AA组可明显增强细胞内ADR的平均荧光强度(P<0.05),逆转细胞对ADR的耐药性(P<0.05),明显下调细胞中MRP1、P-gp、β-catenin、C-myc和cyclinD1 mRNA和蛋白的表达(P均<0.05)。与单用20μmol/L AA组相比,20μmol/L AA+WAY组细胞中MRP1、P-gp、β-catenin、C-myc、cyclinD1蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P均<0.05)。结论:AA呈浓度依赖性抑制K562/ADR细胞增殖,逆转该细胞对ADR的耐药性,其逆转机制可能与抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路后下调耐药相关蛋白MRP1和P-gp的表达有关。

酒花提取物调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠的作用及机制研究

目的探讨酒花提取物对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠的作用及机制。方法将60只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组(戊酸雌二醇,0.105 mg·kg^(-1))和酒花提取物低、中、高剂量组(65.625、131.120、196.875 mg·kg^(-1)),每组10只。除假手术组外,其余各组大鼠均切除双侧卵巢,术后灌胃给药,每日1次,连续给药90 d。采用HE染色法观察大鼠骨组织病理形态变化,测定骨形态计量学参数,计算骨小梁数目(Tb.N)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)和骨小梁面积百分数(Tb.Ar);测定大鼠骨组织生物力学指标:最大载荷、弹性模量、断裂强度;采用ELISA法测定大鼠血清雌激素(E_(2))、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP5b)、骨钙素(OC)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)含量;采用全自动生化仪测定大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)含量;采用RT-PCR及Western Blot法检测大鼠胫骨组织OPG、RANKL、ERα、ERβ、Wnt16、β-catenin mRNA及蛋白表达水平。结果与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠胫骨骨小梁断裂,骨髓腔变大,呈现骨质疏松结构;胫骨Tb.N、Tb.Th、Tb.Ar明显降低(P<0.05),Tb.Sp明显升高(P<0.05);股骨的最大载荷、弹性模量和断裂强度均明显降低(P<0.05);血清E_(2)含量明显降低(P<0.05),TRACP5b、OC、ALP、BALP含量均明显升高(P<0.05);胫骨组织的OPG、OPG/RANKL、ERα、ERβ、β-catenin、Wnt16 mRNA及蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.05),RANKL mRNA及蛋白表达明显上调(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,阳性对照组及酒花提取物高剂量组的上述指标均明显回调(P<0.05)。结论酒花提取物对绝经后骨质疏松症具有一定的防治作用,其作用机制可能与调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,进而调控OPG/RANK/RANKL信号通路有关。

清肾颗粒对非透析慢性肾脏病湿热证患者血清microRNA-21、Wnt4及β-catenin的影响

目的观察清肾颗粒对非透析慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)湿热证患者血microRNA-21、Wnt4及β-catenin的影响,探讨其保护肾功能、改善临床症状的作用机制。方法选取66例符合纳入标准的CKD湿热证患者,最终完成64例,对照组和观察组各32例。对照组采用CKD常规基础治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用清肾颗粒口服,疗程均为12周。观察和比较两组患者治疗前后中医症状积分及证候疗效,肾功能指标[血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)、血清肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)],微炎症、营养指标[超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、白蛋白(albumin,Alb)、前白蛋白(prealbumin,PAB)],血清microRNA-21、Wnt4及β-catenin水平。结果两组患者治疗后中医症状积分较治疗前均显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组降低程度显著大于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者临床疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组BUN、SCr水平,eGFR较治疗前显著改善(P<0.05),且改善程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清hs-CRP水平均显著降低(P<0.05),Alb、PAB水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组血清hs-CRP、Alb、PAB水平改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者血清microRNA-21、Wnt4、β-catenin水平均显著高于正常组(P<0.05),观察组患者治疗后血清microRNA-21、Wnt4、β-catenin水平均显著降低(P<0.05),且降低程度显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论清肾颗粒能够改善CKD湿热证患者肾功能及微炎症、营养不良状态,减轻临床症状,其机制可能与降低microRNA-21表达水平,靶向抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路有关。

杨梅素调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症大鼠椎间盘退变的影响

目的:探究杨梅素(MYR)调节Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)大鼠椎间盘退变的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分为Sham组、LDH组、MYR组、MYR+LiCl组(Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂),每组12只,除Sham组外采用自体髓核移植法复制LDH大鼠模型,造模成功后进行药物干预,每天1次,持续28d。von Frey Hair纤维丝、辐射热痛觉测分析大鼠疼痛敏化行为;ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)水平;HE染色法观察椎间盘组织病理变化;TUNEL染色法测定髓核细胞凋亡;免疫组化检测大鼠椎间盘组织中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)13表达;Western blot分别检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白表达。结果:与Sham组比较,LDH组大鼠髓核细胞皱缩、排列不规则,数量减少,纤维环破裂,MWT与TWL降低,TNF-α、IL-1β含量、椎间盘组织病理评分、髓核细胞凋亡率、MMP13、Wnt3a、β-catenin表达升高(P<0.05);与LDH组比较,MYR组髓核细胞形态、纤维环结构显著改善,大鼠MWT与TWL升高,TNF-α、IL-1β含量、椎间盘组织病理评分、髓核细胞凋亡率、MMP13、Wnt3a、β-catenin表达降低(P<0.05);Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活剂LiCl可升高血清炎症因子水平,促进髓核细胞凋亡,加重椎间盘组织病理损伤,减弱了MYR对LDH大鼠椎间盘退变的延缓作用(P<0.05)。结论:MYR可能通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的激活,降低炎症反应,减少髓核细胞凋亡,从而改善LDH大鼠的椎间盘退变。

WNT3A结合并稳定FZD2激活Wnt通路促进成骨细胞增殖和分化的分子机制研究

目的:探讨配体WNT3A通过稳定和激活FZD2(Frizzled2)增加成骨细胞骨形成的活性及其分子机制。方法:24只雌性6~8周龄C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为4组,对照(Control)组,假手术(Sham)组,双侧卵巢摘除术(ovariectomy,OVX)诱导骨质疏松症(Osteoporosis,OP)小鼠模型组(OVX组),OVX+雌二醇治疗组(OVX+E2 Treatment组),每组6只小鼠。建立OVX小鼠模型。Western blot法测定小鼠后肢胫骨组织中WNT3A、FZD2、Active-β-Catenin、β-Catenin、ALP和Runx2以及磷酸化(p-)STAT3、STAT3、p-JAK2和JAK2的表达水平。CCK-8测定小鼠胚胎成骨细胞MC3T3-E1的增殖能力。腺病毒-shRNA-FZD2介导敲低MC3T3-E1细胞中的FZD2。免疫共沉淀(co-Immunoprecipitation,co-IP)法测定WNT3A处理MC3T3-E1细胞前后FZD2与泛素(ubiquitin,Ub)的直接结合情况。结果:与OVX组相比,OVX+E2 Treatment组小鼠胫骨组织中WNT3A、FZD2、Active-β-Catenin、β-Catenin、ALP和Runx2的表达水平均被上调(P<0.05)。与Control组相比,WNT3A Treatment组MC3T3-E1细胞中FZD2、Active-β-Catenin、β-Catenin、ALP和Runx2的表达水平均升高(P<0.05);细胞增殖能力增强(P<0.05)。与WNT3A Treatment组相比,WNT3A Treatment+Adv-shRNA-FZD2组FZD2、Active-β-Catenin、β-Catenin、ALP和Runx2的表达水平均降低(P<0.05);p-STAT3和p-JAK2的磷酸化水平均降低(P<0.05);增殖能力降低(P<0.05);而2组细胞中STAT3和JAK2的表达水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。在IP:Ub组中,与WNT3A处理(-)的细胞相比,WNT3A处理(+)的细胞中FZD2的表达水平升高(P<0.05)。结论:WNT3A的促骨合成代谢活性是通过结合并稳定FZD2激活Wnt/β-Catenin信号通路实现的。