Sliding Mode Control in Power Converters and Drives: A Review

Sliding mode control(SMC)has been studied since the 1950s and widely used in practical applications due to its insensitivity to matched disturbances.The aim of this paper is to present a review of SMC describing the key developments and examining the new trends and challenges for its application to power electronic systems.The fundamental theory of SMC is briefly reviewed and the key technical problems associated with the implementation of SMC to power converters and drives,such chattering phenomenon and variable switching frequency,are discussed and analyzed.The recent developments in SMC systems,future challenges and perspectives of SMC for power converters are discussed.

An extraction method for pressure beat vibration characteristics of hydraulic drive system based on variational mode decomposition

In the pump-controlled motor hydraulic transmission system,when the pressure pulsation frequencies seperately generated by the pump and the motor are close to each other,the hydraulic system will generate a strong pressure beat vibration phenomenon,which will seriously affect the smooth running of the hydraulic system.However,the modulated pressure signal also carries information related to the operating state of the hydraulic system,and a accurate extraction of pressure vibration characteristics is the key to obtain the operating state information of the hydraulic system.In order to extract the pressure beat vibration signal component effectively from the multi-component time-varying aliasing pressure signal and reconstruct the time domain characteristics,an extraction method of the pressure beat vibration characteristics of the hydraulic transmission system based on variational mode decomposition(VMD)is proposed.The experimental results show that the VMD method can accurately extract the pressure beat vibration characteristics from the high-pressure oil pressure signal of the hydraulic system,and the extraction effect is preferable to that of the traditional signal processing methods such as empirical mode decomposition(EMD).

Integral sliding mode control for flexible ball screw drives with matched and mismatched uncertainties and disturbances

The design of servo controllers for flexible ball screw drives with matched and mismatched disturbances and uncertainties is focused to improve the tracking performance and bandwidth of ball screw drives.A two degrees of freedom mass model is established based on the axial vibration characteristics of the transport ball screw,and the controller of an adaptive integral sliding mode is proposed combining the optimal design of state feedback gain matrix K to restrain the vibration and the matched disturbances and uncertainties.Then for the counteraction of the mismatched disturbances and uncertainties,a nonlinear disturbance observer is also developed.The trajectory tracking performance experiments and bandwidth analysis were conducted on experimental setup with the proposed control method.It is proved that the adaptive integral sliding mode controller has a high tracking performance and bandwidth especially for the axial vibration characteristics model of ball screw drives.And the ball screw tracking accuracy also has a considerable improvement with the application of the proposed nonlinear disturbance observer.

Optimization Transmission Efficiency with Driver Intention for Automotive Continuously Variable Transmission under Slip Mode

This study proposes and experimentally validates an optimal integrated system to control the automotive continuously variable transmission(CVT)by Model Predictive Control(MPC)to achieve its expected transmission efficiency range.The control system framework consists of top and bottom layers.In the top layer,a driving intention recognition system is designed on the basis of fuzzy control strategy to determine the relationship between the driver intention and CVT target ratio at the corresponding time.In the bottom layer,a new slip state dynamic equation is obtained considering slip characteristics and its related constraints,and a clamping force bench is established.Innovatively,a joint controller based on model predictive control(MPC)is designed taking internal combustion engine torque and slip between the metal belt and pulley as optimization dual targets.A cycle is attained by solving the optimization target to achieve optimum engine torque and the input slip in real-time.Moreover,the new controller provides good robustness.Finally,performance is tested by actual CVT vehicles.Results show that compared with traditional control,the proposed control improves vehicle transmission efficiency by approximately 9.12%-9.35%with high accuracy.

Investigation of lower hybrid current drive during H-mode in EAST tokamak

H-mode discharges with lower hybrid current drive （LHCD） alone are achieved in EAST divertor plasma over a wide parameter range. These H-mode discharges are characterized by a sudden drop in Da emission and a spontaneous rise in main plasma density. Good lower hybrid （LH） coupling during H-mode is obtained by putting the plasma close to the antenna and by injecting D2 gas from a pipe near the grill mouse. The analysis of lower hybrid current drive properties shows that the LH deposition profile shifts off axis during H-mode, and current drive （CD） efficiency decreases due to the increase in density. Modeling results of H-mode discharges with a general ray trueing code GENRAY are reported.

Modeling of the influences of multiple modulated electron cyclotron current drive on NTMs in rotating plasma

In this work, physical models of neoclassical tearing modes （NTMs） including bootstrap current and multiple modulated electron cyclotron current drive model are applied. Based on the specific physical problems during the suppression of NTMs by driven current, this work compares the efficiency of continuous and modulated driven currents, and simulates the physical processes of multiple modulated driven currents on suppressing rotating magnetic island. It is found that when island rotates along the poloidal direction, the suppression ability of continuous driven current can be massively reduced due to current deposition outside the island separatrix and reverse deposition direction at the X point, which can be avoided by current drive modulation. Multiple current drive has a better suppressing effect than single current drive. This work gives realistic numerical simulations by optimizing the model and parameters based on the experiments, which could provide references for successful suppression of NTMs in future advanced tokamak such as international thermonuclear experimental reactor.

Neoclassical tearing mode stabilization by electron cyclotron current drive for HL-2M tokamak

Investigation of neoclassical tearing mode and its suppression by electron cyclotron current drive(ECCD)has been carried out in HL-2 M tokamak.The current driving capability of the electron cyclotron wave is evaluated.It is found that the deposition location can be effectively controlled by changing the poloidal angle.The validation of electron cyclotron wave heating and current driving has been demonstrated for the upper launcher port.We show that 3.0 MW and2.5 MW modulated ECCD can completely stabilize(2,1)and(3,2)NTMs,respectively.The non-modulated ECCD,radial misalignment as well as current profile broadening have deleterious effect on the NTM stabilization.The time required for suppression of(3,2)mode is shorter than that required for the suppression of(2,1)mode.Moreover,the time needed for complete stabilization at different initial island width has been quantitatively presented and analyzed.

Three-level inverter configuration with common mode voltage elimination for induction motor drive (To continue)

The multiplicity of vector combinations for vectors of combined three-level inverters plays an important role, when deciding on the modulation scheme, to obtain minimum switching per inverter vector change, as described in the next Section. This is not possible with reduced common-mode three-level inverter structure, obtained with a five-level cascaded H-bridge configuration, as the space vectors locations do not exhibit multiplicity. Moreover, the proposed configuration requires only two power supplies, whereas the scheme with the five-level H-bridge configuration requires six isolated power supplies.

Three-level inverter configuration with common mode voltage elimination for induction motor drive

The multiplicity of vector combinations for vectors of combined three-level inverters plays an important role, when deciding on the modulation scheme, to obtain minimum switching per inverter vector change, as described in the next Section. This is not possible with reduced common-mode three-level inverter structure, obtained with a five-level cascaded H-bridge configuration, as the space vectors locations do not exhibit multiplicity. Moreover, the proposed configuration requires only two power supplies, whereas the scheme with the five-level H-bridge configuration requires six isolated power supplies.

创新教育背景下工业设计专业“一体两翼四驱动”教学模式研究

近年来,国家倡导素质教育,提倡在高等院校加大实践能力和创新能力的培养,各高校不断进行教学模式改革和创新,取得了一定成效,但仍没能摆脱传统观念和教学模式的束缚。为适应行业发展趋势和需求,坚持以人为本的教育理念,紧跟时代步伐,引入“一体两翼四驱动”教学模式,开展“一体两翼四驱动”协同育人改革实践,以培养高素质创新复合型人才为主要目的,增强学生实践能力和创新能力,从根本上提升人才培养质量,以满足高速发展的社会需求,为高校人才培养模式变革提供参考依据。

“科教+产教”双驱动融合的计算机类研究生创新人才培养模式探索

面对传统科教与产教中计算机类研究生培养存在的耦合性不足,该文探索“科教+产教”双驱动融合视域下计算机类研究生创新人才培养模式。该模式从思想转变和理念建设、体系构建和规划、资源保障和人才培养三个层面提出总体框架,并针对性地提出多条具体举措,充分诠释“科教+产教”双驱动融合的教育理念,最后阐明所提出的创新人才培养模式的两点特色。研究成果能够在促进教育发展、推动科技创新的同时,成就更多适应新时代计算机类产业需求的高素质创新人才。

产教融合背景下基于“四轮驱动”机制的高职建筑设计类课程教学创新与实践

根据高职人才的创新创业能力培养要求,结合建筑设计专业的特点,针对传统课程项目化教学模式的不足,提出构建高职院校“建筑设计”课程项目“意识引动”“平台助动”“教学推动”“研赛带动”的“四轮驱动”教学机制;深化产教融合,以培养学生创新创业能力为目标,以“双师型”建筑设计大师创新创业工作室为平台,针对学生个性化需求,进行分学期阶段、分阶段项目、分项目任务、分任务内容的分类培养,使“建筑设计”课程项目教学实现“产、教、学、研、赛、创”相互融合,为高职建筑设计类课程项目教学模式的创新与实践提供参考。

组态视角下后发企业颠覆式创新驱动模式研究

作为后发赶超的关键之举,明晰颠覆式创新的前因条件及驱动模式,对后发企业制定创新发展战略意义重大。基于“技术—组织—环境”(TOE)框架,构建后发企业颠覆式创新整合分析模型,并运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)对149个后发企业案例进行组态分析,探究颠覆式创新驱动模式。结果发现:单一前因条件难以成为驱动后发企业颠覆式创新的必要条件;存在4种颠覆式创新驱动模式,其中,市场驱动型和组织联盟型能够触发“自下而上”颠覆式创新,政府驱动型和技术主导型可以催生“自上而下”颠覆式创新;特定条件下,技术、组织和环境前因条件组合通过“殊途同归”的方式驱动颠覆式创新;不同驱动路径前因条件间存在互补或替代关系。结论不仅能够揭示我国颠覆式创新多重驱动因素及复杂联动机制,而且可为后发企业通过颠覆式创新实现跨越式发展提供有益启示。

考虑速度模式的纯电动公交进出站生态驾驶策略

新能源汽车的大力推广给节能减排带来新机遇的同时,也突显出由于动力系统与传统燃油车存在差异,驾驶人延用传统燃油车的操作方式与驾驶习惯引起电动汽车能耗高的问题。为增加进站能量回收,减少出站能量消耗,本文考虑实际进出站速度模式建立进出站生态驾驶策略。首先,采集纯电动快速公交自然驾驶数据,分析其与燃油公交车的能量消耗差异性。其次,剖析实际进出站速度模式,并基于此分别建立5种考虑速度模式的进站减速策略和出站加速策略,对比能源消耗率分别确定进站和出站生态驾驶策略。之后,在基于速度模式生态驾驶策略的基础上,建立基于快速基因非支配排序的遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)的生态驾驶策略。最后,利用3种驾驶风格下的实际进出站数据验证两种生态驾驶策略的节能效益。结果发现,基于速度模式和NSGA-Ⅱ的生态驾驶策略对耗能型、一般型和节能型这3种驾驶风格的节能率分别为17.04%/23.58%、14.76%/21.48%和5.78%/13.21%,提出的策略对于耗能型驾驶风格的节能率最高,其次为一般型,对节能型驾驶风格的节能率最低。基于NSGA-Ⅱ的策略比基于速度模式的策略节能7.89%。

信息类专业课程思政与混合式教学改革研究——以韶关学院为例

以信息类专业的课程现状为研究对象,从政策视角着力推进课程思政与混合式教学双驱模式的建设,不仅要在意识上加强教育,学校层面重视,还要培养兼具专业知识与思政知识、熟练运用新的教学方法与模式的教师资源。同时分别设计了课程思政与混合式教学双驱模式改革具体实施方案,提出了双驱模式实施过程中的具体措施,希望能为其他工科专业教育提供启示,并促进教育信息化发展。

基于总线同步的多驱动系统漏电流分析与抑制

多驱动系统中漏电流的大量存在是影响数控加工装备长期稳定运行的重要因素,提出了一种邻消抑制措施,能够有效减少多驱动系统中漏电流,避免漏电保护装置频繁触发。该措施采用PWM调制策略,将空间位置相邻的两个驱动单元的共模电压矢量方向反向,以抵消它们之间的高频共模电压分量,从而有效地抑制了多驱动系统的漏电流。主要创新之处采用了一种软件控制的方式实现了对多驱动系统漏电流的抑制,该措施不但可以有效地抑制漏电流,而且实现成本低。实际测试平台的结果表明,邻消抑制措施在多驱动系统中能够有效降低70%~80%的漏电流,保证了多驱动系统的稳定运行。

分布式驱动电动汽车横向稳定性抗饱和滑模控制

【目的】探讨轮毂电机输出转矩的幅值和响应速度饱和的问题。【方法】以分布式电动驱动汽车为研究对象,结合二阶嵌套饱和函数对滑模控制进行抗饱和设计,并基于轮毂电机的峰值转矩及其在台架试验中的实际响应设计抗饱和滑模控制器的上下限参数。【结果】抗饱和滑模控制器能严格限制直接横摆力矩的幅值和变化速率,能极大地提高极限工况下车辆的横向稳定性。【结论】本文提出的方法有效解决了极限工况下轮毂电机易陷入饱和的问题,避免了因车轮滑移导致车辆失稳。

CEEMD-FastICA-CWT联合瞬态响应阶次的电驱总成噪声源识别

以某增程式电驱动总成为研究对象,提出基于联合算法的噪声分离识别模型。首先,采用互补集合经验模态分解(complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition,CEEMD)联合快速独立分量分析(fast independent component analysis,FastICA)方法提取纯电模式稳态工况下单一通道噪声信号特征,利用复Morlet小波变换及FFT对各分量信号时频特性进行识别。其次,采用阶次分析法和声能叠加法对稳态分量信号对应的各瞬态响应阶次能量进行对比分析,并结合皮尔逊积矩相关系数(Pearson product moment correlation coefficient,PPMCC)相似性识别确定不同噪声激励源贡献度。结果表明:减速齿副啮合噪声对该增程式电驱总成纯电模式运行噪声整体贡献度最大。

一种基于EKF的DDEV主动容错控制方法

分布式驱动电动汽车(DDEV)的行驶稳定性和动力性受电机故障的影响会变差,而驱动系统的容错控制则能够有效改善车辆的行驶稳定性和动力性。为此,针对分布式驱动电动汽车驱动电机,提出了一种主动容错控制方法。首先在Simulink中搭建了包含七个自由度的车辆动力学模型,接着搭建了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)的故障观测器,为后文建立的主动容错方法提供故障信息。然后基于滑模控制,搭建了主动容错控制模型,根据故障信息对驱动力矩进行重新分配。最后搭建了Carsim/Simulink联合仿真平台,结果表明,提出的主动容错控制方法能够有效改善车辆在故障状态下的行驶稳定性和动力性。

乡村振兴背景下农文旅产业模式、融合驱动机制与发展路径——以新疆昌吉州为例

农文旅融合发展有助于推进乡村全面振兴,是民族地区特色资源优势向产业优势转化的重要路径。针对当前研究关于农文旅产业模式与融合驱动机制剖析不深入问题,本研究以新疆昌吉州的幸福村葫芦文创产业、月亮地村古村落民宿群、半截沟镇旱地大麦种植业、玛纳斯县葡萄酿酒产业开展多案例分析发现,昌吉州以特色种植业的多功能性,融合工艺民俗文化与休闲观光旅游作为农文旅产业模式,以规划布局、公共服务支撑、产业政策扶持、市场化运作为驱动力,从示范带动到整体推进实现产业融合发展。然而,与国内多数农文旅融合产业一样,昌吉州面临农文旅融合层次偏低、多数特色产业未融合发展以及高端人才短缺等共性发展难题。基于此,未来中国农文旅融合发展的路径为特色产业资源整合、农文旅跨域纵深融合以及复合型人才引进等。