A Descriptive Analysis of Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus in a Tertiary Hospital Population

Background: Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is defined as a change in mental state of at least 30 minutes associated with continuous or nearly continuous epileptiform discharges. Identification of prognostic indicators can guide decision making surrounding the use of poorly established treatment interventions in this heterogeneous population. Methods: We identified 66 consecutive inpatients with NCSE. Data surrounding clinical, electrographic, and treatment factors were collected via a retrospective systematic review of medical records and electronic EEGs, and were correlated with discharge outcome (return to baseline, new disability, or death). Results: Of all subjects, 21% returned to baseline, 26% acquired new disability, and 53% died, of whom half had anoxic encephalopathy. On univariate analysis, seventeen variables correlated significantly with death, although multivariate logistic regression analysis subsequently identified only comatose state and number of life threatening comorbidities as independent predictors of mortality. Of survivors, comatose state, critical care environment, length of hospital stay, and acute symptomatic seizures predicted new disability, with the latter two showing independent significance. Following exclusion of cases with anoxic encephalopathy, the use of an anaesthetic infusion was also an independent predictor of mortality. Conclusions: NCSE is associated with variable morbidity and mortality. While one fifth of our NCSE patients returned to baseline, those comatose with acute structural/metabolic seizures, anaesthetic infusions, and life threatening comorbidities were unlikely to survive without disability at discharge.

Can patients with non-convulsive seizure be identifi ed in the emergency department?

BACKGROUND: Non-convulsive seizure(NCS) is an underdiagnosed, potentially treatable emergency with significant mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study is to examine the characteristics of patients with NCS presenting with altered mental status(AMS) and diagnosed with electroencephalography(EEG), to identify the factors that could increase the pre-test probability of NCS.METHODS: Retrospective study using the data collected prospectively. Inclusion criteria: patients older than 13 years with AMS. Exclusion criteria:(1) immediately correctable AMS(e.g., hypoglycemia, opiod overdose);(2) inability to undergo EEG;(3) hemodynamic instability. Outcomes compared between NCS and non-NCS cases: vital signs, lactate level, gender, witnessed seizure, use of anticonvulsive in the field or in the ED, history of seizure or stroke, head injury, abnormal neurological finding and new abnormal findings on head CT. Data presented as medians and quartiles for categorical and percentages with 95%CI for continuous variables. Univariate analyses were performed with Man-Whitney U and Fisher's Exact tests. A multivariate analysis model was used to test the predictive value of clinical variables in identifying NCS.RESULTS: From 332 patients(median age 66 years, quartiles 50–78), 16 were diagnosed with NCS(5%, 95%CI 3%–8%). Only age was signifi cantly different between the NCS vs. non-NCS groups in both univariate(P=0.032) and multivariate analyses(P=0.016).CONCLUSION: Other than age, no other clinically useful variable could identify patients at high risk of NCS. ED physicians should have a high suspicion for NCS and should order EEG for these patients more liberally.

重复经颅磁刺激与无抽搐电休克治疗首发抑郁症的临床效果分析

目的研究分析首发抑郁症患者采用重复经颅磁刺激、无抽搐电休克治疗的临床疗效。方法非随机选取2022年1—12月山东省青岛市精神卫生中心收治的80例首发抑郁症患者为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为常规组、观察组,各40例。常规组采取无抽搐电休克治疗,观察组采取重复经颅磁刺激+无抽搐电休克治疗。对比两组患者的抑郁病情、认知功能和不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组各时间点的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分和各项威斯康星卡片分类试验得分均优于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为10.00%(4/40),与常规组的7.50%(3/40)对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.157,P>0.05)。结论采用重复经颅磁刺激与无抽搐电休克联合治疗首发抑郁症可有效促进患者病情改善。

丙泊酚在无抽搐电休克治疗麻醉中的效果研究

目的探索研究无抽搐电休克治疗(Electroconvulsive Therapy,ECT)麻醉中应用丙泊酚的效果。方法纳入2022年12月至2023年12月在赤壁市蒲纺医院接受无抽搐电休克治疗的200例患者为研究对象,根据使用药物的不同分为观察组与对照组,观察组采用丙泊酚进行麻醉,对照组采用硫喷妥钠进行麻醉,每组各100例。比较两组患者的麻醉情况、生命体征和不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者恢复自主呼吸所需时间和清醒所需时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.001)。麻醉前,两组患者心率(Heart Rate,HR)、血氧饱和度(Oxygen Saturation,SpO_(2))、收缩压(Systolic Blood Pressure,SBP)均无显著差异(P>0.05);麻醉后,两组患者HR较麻醉前无显著改变(P>0.05),但SpO_(2)、SBP较麻醉前降低(P<0.05);麻醉后两组患者HR、SpO_(2)、SBP均无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组中有7例患者发生不良反应,不良反应发生率为7.00%,显著低于对照组的24例,对照组不良反应发生率为24.00%(P<0.001)。结论丙泊酚能够显著提升患者的麻醉效果,对患者HR、血压、SpO_(2)的影响较小,不良反应发生率低,保障了麻醉的效果及安全性。

无抽搐电休克辅助药物治疗伴自杀意念首发抑郁发作患者的临床效果

目的探讨无抽搐电休克辅助药物治疗伴自杀意念首发抑郁发作患者的临床效果。方法选取2021年3月—2023年7月我院收治的82例伴自杀意念首发抑郁发作患者为研究对象,采取随机数字表法分为2组,每组41例。其中对照组实施盐酸氟西汀治疗,观察组实施无抽搐电休克联合盐酸氟西汀药物治疗。对比两组认知功能评分、抑郁评分、自杀意念评分及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗干预1个月后,观察组患者精神认知功能评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者抑郁程度评分、自杀意念评分均低于对照组(均P<0.05);两组不良反应总发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论与单纯的药物治疗相比,对抑郁伴自杀意念首发患者实施无抽搐电休克联合盐酸氟西汀药物治疗,能取得更为理想的治疗效果,积极提升认知功能,缓解其抑郁状况及转变其自杀意念,且无抽搐电休克干预方式较为安全,辅助干预后并未明显增加不良反应发生。

奥氮平联合无抽搐电休克治疗精神分裂症的疗效及对患者认知功能和社会功能的影响

目的探讨奥氮平联合无抽搐电休克(modified electroconvulsive therapy,MECT)治疗精神分裂症患者的临床疗效及对患者认知功能、社会功能的影响。方法选取2020年10月至2021年12月抚州市第三医院收治的82例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法的不同分为观察组与对照组,每组41例。对照组采用奥氮平治疗,观察组采用奥氮平联合MECT治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后血清神经营养因子水平、认知功能、社会功能及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组阳性和阴性症状量表(positive and negative symptom scale,PANSS)阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理症状评分及总分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)、神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)、神经营养因子(neurotrophic factor,NT-3)水平高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组认知功能成套测验系统(MATRICS consensus cognitive battery,MCCB)测试所用时间短于治疗前,且观察组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组自我照料、社会活动、社会关系、干扰与攻击行为评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论奥氮平联合MECT治疗精神分裂症患者疗效显著,能有效改善患者认知功能、社会功能,值得临床推广应用。

经颅磁刺激联合无抽搐电休克及常规抗抑郁药治疗中重度抑郁症的临床疗效分析

目的探索经颅磁刺激(Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation,TMS)联合无抽搐电休克(Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy,MECT)及常规抗抑郁药治疗中重度抑郁症的疗效。方法选取2023年3月至2024年2月在漳州市第四医院就诊的54例中重度抑郁症患者,根据抽签法随机分为两组,观察组采用TMS+MECT+药物治疗,对照组采用MECT+药物治疗,每组各27例。对比两组患者不同时间点焦虑及抑郁情况、临床疗效及不良反应情况。结果治疗前,两组患者汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)评分(P=0.467)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA)评分(P=0.418)均无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后2周、4周、8周,两组患者HAMD和HAMA评分均较治疗前减低(P<0.05),且治疗后2周、4周、8周观察组HAMD评分和HAMA评分均低于对照组(P<0.001)。治疗后,观察组患者临床有效率为96.30%,高于对照组患者的74.07%(P=0.022)。治疗期间,观察组患者中有5例(18.52%)出现不良反应,与对照组患者的4例(14.82%)相比,差异无统计学意义(P=0.715)。结论TMS联合MECT及常规抗抑郁药治疗可有效改善中重度抑郁症患者的焦虑及抑郁情况,临床疗效显著,且安全性较高。

小规模限制性在线课程导向的翻转课堂在MECT治疗学教学中的应用观察

目的:探讨采用以小规模限制性在线课程(SPOC)为导向的翻转课堂在无抽搐电休克治疗(MECT)教学中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年3月—2023年3月于德阳市人民医院麻醉手术中心实习的124名麻醉专业实习生作为研究对象,按照随机信封法将其分为A组与B组,每组各62人。A组实习生采用常规教学模式,B组实习生在A组的基础上采用以SPOC为导向的翻转课堂教学模式。比较两组实习生自主学习能力、考试成绩及教学满意度。结果:干预后,两组实习生学习能力各维度评分及总分均高于治疗前,且B组实习生自主学习能力各维度评分及总分均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.051、4.682、5.934、5.315、4.999,P<0.05)。B组实习生理论考核成绩、操作考核成绩均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(t=19.058、12.159,P<0.05)。B组实习生教学满意度高于A组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.888,P<0.05)。结论:在MECT教学中实施以SPOC为导向的翻转课堂教学模式,可有效提高其自主学习能力、考试成绩及教学满意度。

Threshold for maximal electroshock seizures(MEST) at three developmental stages in young mice

Early brain development after birth is extremely dynamic,suggest!ng that potential functional changes occur during this period.In this study,the maximal electroshock seizure threshold(MEST)was used to explore the electrophysiological variation among three developmental stages in young mice(no more than 5 weeks old).The induced electroshock seizure(ES)behavior of early post natal mice(1-2-weeks old)differed from that during weaning(3 weeks old)and early puberty(4-5-weeks old).Thus,we further explored their respective characteristic responses to the ES parameters.When the stimulation current(SC)was limited to 4.0 mA,only the 1-2-week-old mice were induced to exhibit ES behavior at voltages of 30 V and 40 V,indicating they were more sensitive to maximal electroshock seizure(MES)(response to lower voltage).

齐拉西酮对精神分裂症患者糖脂代谢及血清细胞因子水平的影响

目的分析齐拉西酮联合改良电休克对精神分裂症患者糖脂代谢及血清细胞因子水平的影响。方法2019年5月至2021年5月我院收治的精神分裂症患者96例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(48例)和观察组(48例)。对照组采用奥氮平联合改良性电休克进行治疗,观察组采用齐拉西酮联合改良电休克进行治疗,2组均治疗4周。统计2组治疗4周后的疗效及治疗期间不良反应发生情况,比较2组治疗前和治疗4周后糖脂代谢指标、血清磷酸化雷帕霉素靶蛋白(p-mTOR)、白细胞介素(IL)-18水平及临床症状评分。结果治疗4周后,对照组总有效率低于观察组(77.1%与91.7%,χ^(2)=3.87,P=0.049)。治疗4周后,对照组血清空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素(FIN)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平及体质指数(BMI)高于治疗前,且高于观察组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,2组血清p-mTOR、IL-18水平低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),2组阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分、临床疗效总评量表(CGI)评分低于治疗前(P<0.05)。但治疗前后2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,对照组总不良反应发生率高于观察组(22.9%与6.2%,χ^(2)=5.35,P=0.021)。结论与奥氮平联合改良性电休克相比,采用齐拉西酮联合改良电休克对精神分裂症患者进行治疗,不会影响患者机体糖脂代谢,可有效降低患者血清p-mTOR、IL-18水平,改善患者临床症状,临床疗效和安全性均较好。

Influence of Electroshocking Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si Thin-Wall Specimen Manufactured by Laser Melting Deposition

In order to improve the properties of titanium alloys manufactured by laser melting deposition(LMD),the electroshocking treatment(EST)was proposed in this work.The effects of EST on microstructure and mechanical properties of LMD Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si were investigated.The results showed that the width of the heat affected band decreased and disappeared under the thermal and athermal effects of EST,resulting in the uniform microstructure.In the microstructure,theαlaths became coarser gradually,and the quantity ofα/βinterface was reduced.The reduction of the quantity ofα/βinterface leads to make less resistant to dislocation,resulting in the reduction in hardness and strength.The discontinuous grain boundaryαphase and nucleationαcolony near grain boundary inhibited the crack propagation and improved the ductility.Summary,EST can manipulate the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of LMD titanium alloys.

电击死与死后电击的心脏组织光谱模式识别

在司法鉴定领域,涉及电击死亡的案件多发,鉴别死者是生前还是死后受到电击仍是法医病理学鉴定的难点问题之一。为此通过傅里叶变换红外光谱融合机器学习模型对心脏组织视角下的电击死和死后电击两种情况开展分类识别研究。将30只大鼠进行电击死、死后电击和对照处理,通过光谱仪扫描得到其心脏组织光谱,采用竞争性自适应重加权算法共提取到70个光谱特征波长,建立随机森林模型对特征波长提取前后的心脏组织光谱进行模式识别;结果表明,特征波长提取前后模型分类识别的准确率分别为34.9%和73.7%,验证了特征波长提取方法的有效性和必要性。同时建立偏最小二乘模型、传统支持向量机以及粒子群算法和灰狼算法优化的支持向量机模型进行分类识别,结果表明,模型分类识别的准确率分别为61.07%、34.48%、100%和98.46%,对比发现经特征提取后的粒子群优化支持向量机模型分类识别效果最好。为排除“生物学死亡期”的干扰,又取60只大鼠按同种方式对其处理,每组又分死后0.5 h和死后1 h 2个亚组,再次通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪扫描得到光谱数据,数据预处理后将其与之前得到的数据进行一并处理并结合粒子群优化支持向量机模型分析,结果表明,该方法分类识别的准确率可达到80.85%。这为电击死领域的法医学鉴定提供了新的研究思路和方法,说明傅里叶红外变换红外光谱结合机器学习模型可以作为一种补充工具来提供相对客观的判断,具有重要的研究意义。

In-situ SEM characterization of fracture mechanism of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composites after electroshocking treatment

In this article,in-situ scanning electron microscope characterization of the tensile properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn titanium matrix composite(TMC)was conducted before and after electroshocking treatment(EST).After EST,the tensile strength increased by 113.2 MPa.The effect of EST on the tensile strength and fracture behavior of TiB was investigated using in-situ characterization of the fracture morphology and crack propagation path of the matrix and TiB.Before EST,TiB fracture introduced cracks that extended into the matrix,resulting in material failure.After EST,the refined TiB improved the bearing capacity of the matrix,thereby improving TMC strength.Moreover,after EST,the cracks were introduced into the matrix,and resulting the fracture of matrix first.With an increase in the external load,cracks in the matrix were observed to propagate to TiB,and the refined TiB was fractured,detached,and pulled out,resulting in the formation of pores.Analyzing the propagation path of the main crack after EST showed that the deflection angle of the main crack increased.The micro structure of the fracture surface indicated that the fracture of the matrix was plastic,whereas that of TiB was brittle.After EST,the size and area of the dimples increased,confirming the increase in plasticity.The results revealed that the comprehensive mechanical properties of TiB/Ti-2Al-6Sn improved after EST.Hence,EST is an efficient method for tailoring the micro structures and mechanical properties of TMCs.

无抽搐电休克疗法对精神分裂症患者的治疗效果和脑内及不同脑区神经递质水平的影响研究

背景目前,采用脑涨落图仪分析精神分裂症患者多个脑区神经递质功能特点的研究较多,也有关于无抽搐电休克疗法(MECT)对精神分裂症患者脑内神经递质影响的研究,但关于MECT对精神分裂症患者具体脑区神经递质影响的研究较少。目的观察精神分裂症患者MECT治疗前后脑内及不同脑区神经递质水平变化而探讨其可能的神经生物学机制。方法选取2019年1月至2020年12月常州市德安医院收治的签署MECT治疗同意书的精神分裂症患者51例,均接受MECT治疗且在治疗期间所用抗精神疾病药物剂量保持不变。比较所有患者首次MECT治疗前24 h和MECT治疗结束后24 h阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)新5因子模型(20项版)评分、脑内和不同脑区神经递质水平。结果与首次MECT治疗前24 h相比,所有患者MECT治疗结束后24 h阳性因子、阴性因子、敌对兴奋、焦虑抑郁、认知功能损伤因子评分及总分,脑内γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)水平及左后脑区GABA、谷氨酸(Glu)水平均降低,脑内及右前脑区多巴胺(DA)水平升高(P<0.05)。结论MECT对精神分裂症患者精神症状有一定治疗效果,并可能通过影响脑内GABA和DA、左后脑区GABA和Glu、右前脑区DA等神经递质水平而发挥神经生物学机制。

Synergistic effect of pinellia total alkaloids and uncaria total alkaloids on anticonvulsant action in mice and rats

Aim To investigate the synergistic effect of the combination of pinellia total alkaloid （PTA） and uncaria total alkaloid （UTA）, and explore the mechanism of anticonvulsant action. Methods Anticonvulsant and toxic effect profiles of combinations of PTA with UTA, alone and at three fixed ratios of 1：4, 1 ：1, 4：1, were evaluated in maximal electroshock （MES）-induced seizures and acute toxicity test in mice. Respective ED50 and LD50 were calculated with Bliss＇s method. Their synergistic effect were evaluated by isobolographic analysis and allowed the determination of benefit indices （BI） for respective combinations. The model of convulsive rats kindled by penicillin topically injected into cortex was used to investigated the content of Glu, Asp, Gly and GABA in hippocampus using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results Combinations of PTA and UTA at the ratio of 4：1 were synergistic in MES test and antagonistic in acute toxicity test, showing the best profile for combinations of PTA with UTA. In contrast, the ratios of 1 ：4 and 1 ： 1, despite synergistic in MES test, were additive in acute toxicity test. The 4：1 combination and two drugs alone significantly decreased Glu level and increased GABA level in the hippocampus, but the GABA level in the 4：1 combination group was higher than that in the two drugs alone groups. They did not have significant influence on the levels of ASp and Gly. Conclusion Combinations of PTA and UTA at 4：1 ratio demonstrated synergistic effect in anticonvulsant action and antagonistic effect in toxicity. The anticonvulsant mechanism might be related to decreasing the excitability of Glutamatergic neurons and increasing the inhibition of GABAergic neurons.

细胞因子受体在抑郁模型大鼠电休克治疗中的表达

目的:观察细胞因子受体对抑郁模型大鼠海马神经元及胶质细胞再生中的作用。方法:采用慢性轻度不可预见性的应激建立大鼠抑郁模型,对模型大鼠行电休克(Electric convulsive therapy,ECT)及丙泊酚无抽搐电休克(Modified electricconvulsive therapy,MECT)疗法,旷场分析进行行为学观察,免疫荧光方法观察神经元和胶质细胞上细胞因子受体的表达情况。结果:应激+ECT组、应激+MECT组与应激+假电击组比较,旷场分析、免疫荧光实验均有显著差异。结论:MECT治疗和ECT治疗能促进抑郁模型大鼠海马神经元及胶质细胞上细胞因子受体表达的改变,细胞因子可能参与抑郁症的病理机制,MECT治疗疗效可能较ECT治疗为优。

白芍总甙的抗惊厥作用

采用最大电休克发作（ＭＥＳ）法、士的宁惊厥法和戊血氮最小阈发作（ＭＥＴ）法，观察白芍总甙（ＴＧＰ）对动物惊厥的影响。实验结果表明，ＴＧＰ（２０～８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｐ和ｉｇ×３ｄ）呈剂量依赖性对抗小鼠的ＭＥＳ。ＴＧＰ（６０～１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｐ）能对抗士的宁引起的小鼠和大鼠的惊厥。ＴＧＰ（４０～８０ｍｓ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｐ）对小鼠的ＭＥＴ无影响。ＴＧＰ（４０～８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１，ｉｐ）对小鼠ＭＥＳ的作用高峰时间在０．５～１．５ｈ之间。

不同剂量罗库溴铵与琥珀胆碱运用于麻醉状态下无抽搐电休克治疗肌松效果的比较

目的：探讨两种剂量组罗库溴铵与琥珀胆碱运用于麻醉状态下无抽搐电休克治疗精神疾病患者肌松效果的影响。方法：选择确诊为精神疾病、有明确电休克治疗适应证、ASA分级I级、年龄18~50岁、1周接受3次电休克治疗且平均至少接受6次治疗的患者60例，按随机数字表法分为三组，分别以0.3 mg/kg（R1组）、0.45 mg/kg（R2组）罗库溴铵和1 mg/kg琥珀胆碱（S组）配伍丙泊酚（1 mg/kg）用作麻醉诱导，电抽搐治疗后R1、R2组给予新斯的明（0.1 mg/kg）加阿托品（0.05 mg/kg）拮抗罗库溴铵，比较三组患者治疗后自主呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、肢体运动时间以及电击前与电击时心率、血压及血氧饱和度的变化。结果：R2组自主呼吸恢复时间较其他两组长，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；三组睁眼时间、体动时间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；三组诱导后与电击时心率、血压及血氧饱和度差值比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：0.45 mg/kg罗库溴铵可导致患者自主呼吸恢复时间延长，不推荐运用于无抽搐电休克治疗；0.3 mg/kg罗库溴铵复合使用肌松拮抗药可作为琥珀胆碱的替代药物运用于无抽搐电休克治疗。

丹皮总甙抗实验性癫痫的研究

目的：了解丹皮总甙是否具有抗小鼠实验性癫痫作用。方法：采用最大电惊厥（ＭＥＳ）及戊四唑、士的宁、氨基脲等化学性惊厥模型，观察丹皮总甙（ｔｏｔａｌｇｌｕｃｏｓｉｄｅｓｏｆｍｏｕｔａｎｃｏｒｔｅｒ，ＴＧＭ）对动物惊厥发作数、发作潜伏期及动物存活时间等指标的影响，从而分析ＴＧＭ抗惊厥作用及其时量效关系。结果：ＴＧＭ（６０、８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｐ；８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｇ）可减少小鼠ＭＥＳ发作数，其峰时为药后０．５～１ｈ；ＴＧＭ（６０～８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｇ）可延长戊四唑、士的宁、氨基脲所致小鼠惊厥的潜伏期及动物存活时间；同时ＴＧＭ（４０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｐ）可增强苯巴比妥抗上述惊厥之作用。结论：ＴＧＭ（６０～８０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）呈剂量依赖性对抗小鼠ＭＥＳ及戊四唑、士的宁、氨基脲所致小鼠化学性惊厥，并可增强苯巴比妥抗惊厥作用。

不同电休克方法对抑郁模型大鼠海马干扰素-γ受体表达的影响

目的观察干扰素-γ受体(IFN-γR)在抑郁模型大鼠海马神经元及胶质细胞中的再生。方法采用慢性轻度不可预见性的应激(chronic unpredicped mild stress,CUMS)和孤养建立大鼠抑郁模型,开场分析(open-field test)进行行为学观察。对模型大鼠行电休克(electro-convulsive treatment,ECT)及丙泊酚无抽搐电休克(modified electric convulsivetherapy,MECT)疗法,免疫荧光及原位杂交方法观察海马结构中神经元和胶质细胞上IFN-γR的表达情况。结果应激+ECT组、应激+MECT组与应激+假电击组比较,开场分析、免疫荧光及原位杂交实验均有显著差异。结论MECT治疗和ECT治疗均能减少抑郁模型大鼠海马神经元及胶质细胞上IFN-γR的表达,细胞因子(cytokine,CK)可能参与抑郁症的病理机制,MECT治疗疗效可能较ECT治疗为优。