Using Morphological Markers to Assess Variations between and within Cultivated and Non-cultivated Provenances of Moringa Oleifera Lam. in Tanzania

The use of morphological markers to assess variations between and within cultivated and non-cultivated provenances of Moringa oleifera Lam. from selected coastal regions of Tanzania was studied. A descriptors list of 15 selected morphological characters was used to generate a character state matrix. Cluster analysis using NTSYS-pc and UPGMA program produced six clusters with similarity ranging from 66% to 100%. The majority cultivated and non-cultivated clusters with similarity ranging from 86-100% and 97-100% respectively reflected a clustering pattern based on the status of individuals whether cultivated or non-cultivated. Most individuals from same population clustered differently indicating high morphological variations within populations than between populations. The present results suggest that selection and conservation of elite germplasm could be achieved by considering individuals from both cultivated and non-cultivated plants.

麦草畏与草甘膦钾盐复配对一年生杂草的联合作用和非耕地除草效果研究

[目的]为明确麦草畏、草甘膦钾盐联合作用效果和30%麦草畏·草甘膦钾盐AS对非耕地一年生杂草的防除效果。[方法]采用茎叶喷雾法测定了2种除草剂室内联合作用试验,并对筛选出的最佳配比加工成30%麦草畏·草甘膦钾盐AS进行了田间药效试验。[结果]麦草畏、草甘膦钾盐以1∶9复配对非耕地一年生杂草的联合作用较好,30%麦草畏·草甘膦钾盐AS的推荐使用剂量为1350～1800g a.i./hm2,药后30 d对非耕地一年生杂草的总体防效可达到95.1%～97.6%。[结论]麦草畏、草甘膦钾盐复配互补性强,对反枝苋、马齿苋、狗尾草、马唐等一年生杂草增效作用明显,30%麦草畏·草甘膦钾盐AS能够有效防除非耕地一年生杂草。