Research on Infrared Image Fusion Technology Based on Road Crack Detection

This study aimed to propose road crack detection method based on infrared image fusion technology.By analyzing the characteristics of road crack images,this method uses a variety of infrared image fusion methods to process different types of images.The use of this method allows the detection of road cracks,which not only reduces the professional requirements for inspectors,but also improves the accuracy of road crack detection.Based on infrared image processing technology,on the basis of in-depth analysis of infrared image features,a road crack detection method is proposed,which can accurately identify the road crack location,direction,length,and other characteristic information.Experiments showed that this method has a good effect,and can meet the requirement of road crack detection.

Signal Processing Circuit Design of Infrared Detection System with SO2 Concentration Based on Correlation Filter Technology

Signals from infrared detector are very weak in SO2 concentration measuring system.In order to improve the sensitivity of detection,combining with filter correlation technology and infrared absorption principle,the weak signal processing circuit is designed according to correlation detection technology.Under laboratory conditions,system performance of SO2 concentration is tested,and the experimental data are analyzed and processed.Then relationship of SO2 concentration and the measuring voltage is provided to prove that the design improves measuring sensitivity of the system.

Call for Papers Journal of Electronic Science and Technology Special Section on Mid-Infrared Lasers

Guest Editor Prof.Jianfeng Li Univ.of Electronic Science and Technology of China lijianfeng@uestc.edu.cn The mid-infrared spectral domain is critically important and has considerable significance to fundamental science and technological applications.

Process Characterization of the Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil to Biodiesel Using Design of Experiments and Infrared Spectroscopy

For optimization of production processes and product quality,often knowledge of the factors influencing the process outcome is compulsory.Thus,process analytical technology(PAT)that allows deeper insight into the process and results in a mathematical description of the process behavior as a simple function based on the most important process factors can help to achieve higher production efficiency and quality.The present study aims at characterizing a well-known industrial process,the transesterification reaction of rapeseed oil with methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters(FAME)for usage as biodiesel in a continuous micro reactor set-up.To this end,a design of experiment approach is applied,where the effects of two process factors,the molar ratio and the total flow rate of the reactants,are investigated.The optimized process target response is the FAME mass fraction in the purified nonpolar phase of the product as a measure of reaction yield.The quantification is performed using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy in combination with partial least squares regression.The data retrieved during the conduction of the DoE experimental plan were used for statistical analysis.A non-linear model indicating a synergistic interaction between the studied factors describes the reactor behavior with a high coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.9608.Thus,we applied a PAT approach to generate further insight into this established industrial process.

Cross-interference correction and simultaneous multi-gas analysis based on infrared absorption

In this paper, we present simultaneous multiple pollutant gases （CO2, CO, and NO） measurements by using the non-dispersive infrared （NDIR） technique. A cross-correlation correction method is proposed and used to correct the cross-interferences among the target gases. The calculation of calibration curves is based on least-square fittings with third-order polynomials, and the interference functions are approximated by linear curves. The pure absorbance of each gas is obtained by solving three simultaneous equations using the fitted interference functions. Through the interference correction, the signal created at each filter channel only depends on the absorption of the intended gas. Gas mixture samples with different concentrations of CO2, CO, and NO are pumped into the sample cell for analysis. The results show that the measurement error of each gas is less than 4.5%.

Utilization of Thermal Infrared Image for Inversion of Winter Wheat Yield and Biomass

The present paper utilizes thermal infrared image for inversion of winter wheat yield and biomass with different technology of irrigation(drip irrigation,sprinkler irrigation,flood irrigation).It is the first time that thermal infrared image is used for predicting the winter wheat yield and biomass.The temperature of crop and background was measured by thermal infrared image.It is necessary to get the crop background separation index(CBSIL,CBSIH),which can be used for distinguishing the crop value from the image.CBSIL and CBSIH(the temperature when the leaves are wet adequately;the temperature when the stomata of leaf is closed completely) are the threshold values.The temperature of crop ranged from CBSIL to CBSIH.Then the ICWSI was calculated based on relevant theoretical method.The value of stomata leaf has strong negative correlation with ICWSI proving the reliable value of ICWSI.In order to construct the high accuracy simulation model,the samples were divided into two parts.One was used for constructing the simulation model,the other for checking the accuracy of the model.Such result of the model was concluded as:(1) As for the simulation model of soil moisture,the correlation coefficient(R2) is larger than 0.887 6,the average of relative error(Er) ranges from 13.33% to 16.88%;(2) As for the simulation model of winter wheat yield,drip irrigation(0.887 6,16.89%,-0.12),sprinkler irrigation(0.970 0,14.85%,-0.12),flood irrigation(0.969 0,18.87%,0.18),with the values of R2,Er and CRM listed in the parentheses followed by the individual term.(3) As for winter wheat biomass,drip irrigation(0.980 0,13.70%,0.13),sprinkler irrigation(0.95,13.15%,-0.14),flood irrigation(0.970 0,14.48%,-0.13),and the values in the parentheses are demonstrated the same as above.Both the CRM and Er are shown to be very low values,which points to the accuracy and reliability of the model investigated.The accuracy of model is high and reliable.The results indicated that thermal infrared image can be used potentially for inversion of winter wheat yield and biomass.

Research on the Properties of a Surface-Type Infrared Decoy and Effect of Multiple Launching

To study the properties of a new surface-type infrared decoy,the numerical dispersion model and the infrared radiance model of the plates are established. In addition,the temperature of a single plate was measured during combustion experiment,and the spatial position and infrared radiance of each plate are calculated in plate cloud by the two models respectively. Furthermore,the radar images of the plate cloud are simulated and analyzed in dependence of time and direction for single and multiple launching. The result shows that the surface-type infrared decoy can be a point source of interference when the missile is remote tracking. In the meanwhile,the plates cloud shelters the infrared characteristics of the plume and jets of aircraft when the missile is on IR imaging guidance mode. Moreover,With the analysis of the plate cloud dispersion at different intervals and the infrared radiation intensity in the case of different launching number,it can be concluded that a comfortable launching interval can maintain a continuous plate cloud,launching the decoys simultaneously increase the increment of the radiation intensity obviously,the multiple launching is an effective way to enhance the interference property of the decoy.

A STUDY OF HIGH LOFT NONWOVEN FABRICS USING POWDER BONDING TECHNOLOGY

In this paper, two types of high loft nonwoven fabrics have been constructed in the laboratory apparatus made by ourselves with different binders (polyamide and polyethylene powder) and varying binder contents (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The tensile and compression properties of these nonwoven fabrics were tested. It was found that one can reduce powder binder content to increase loft and softness of nonwoven fabrics, but it has to sacrifice its tensile strength. Adhesion force between binder and single fibre was also explored. The experiments showed that the adhesion force at the interface between binder and fibre depends on the fibre variety, the fibre surface morphology, heating temperature and heating time etc..

On the Development of a Simple and Portable Ground-Based Infrared Imaging System for Lunar and Atmospheric Studies

A small, portable, infrared (wavelength of 7 - 14 μm) system has been designed and developed to study the thermal behavior of the lunar surface and for thermal remote sensing applications. The principal operation of the system depends on collecting large amounts of infrared light, using a modified Newtonian telescope. The light from the object is reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. This collected light is then focused into a thermal camera by using an intermediate germanium lens as a field lens to provide a real optical image on the camera sensor. Several observations have been obtained out using the developed system, and eliciting some interesting results. These include lunar observations during different phases and during partial lunar eclipse. The thermal behavior of the lunar surface was identified, proving the system’s functionality and performance. The developed system is, also, particularly suitable tool for outreach programs and students projects which can possibly offer useful learning and exploration opportunities for students in different applications. In this paper, a brief description about the developed system is provided. Some of the obtained results are illustrated. The future applications and improvements to the designed system are also summarized.

Infrared Emissivity Study on Semiconductor Pigment of Cd-Zn-S

Semiconductor pigment of Cd-Zn-S is synthesized through the solid state reaction method and its structure and surface morphology is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). It is demonstrated that the crystal lattice of the product is hexagonal. When the heat treatment temperature increases, the distortion of crystal lattice reduces. The samples annealed at different temperatures agglomerate to different degrees while the one annealed at higher temperature agglomerates clearly. The infrared emissivity of Cd-Zn-S at two window-bands of 3-5 μm and 8-14 μm is researched. The researched result shows that the infrared emissivity of Cd-Zn-S in 8-14 μm wave bands is much higher than that in 3-5 μm wave bands. The infrared emissivity decreases with the increasing of heat treatment temperature, which reason is that with the increasing of temperature, the infrared absorption decreases and the scatter by the particles rises.

Infrared Image Small Target Detection Based on Bi-orthogonal Wavelet and Morphology

An image multi-scale edge detection method based on anti-symmetrical bi-orthogonal wavelet is given in theory. Convolution operation property and function as a differential operator are analyzed,which anti-symmetrical bi-orthogonal wavelet transform have. An algorithm for wavelet reconstruction in which multi-scale edge can be detected is put forward. Based on it, a detection method for small target in infrared image with sea or sky background based on the anti-symmetrical bi-orthogonal wavelet and morphology is proposed. The small target detection is considered as a process in which structural background is removed, correlative background is suppressed, and noise is restrained. In this approach, the multi-scale edge is extracted by means of the anti-symmetrical bi-orthogonal wavelet decomposition. Then, module maximum chains formed by complicated background of clouds, sea wave and sea-sky-line are removed, and the image background becomes smoother. Finally, the morphology based edge detection method is used to get small target and restrain undulate background and noise. Experiment results show that the approach can suppress clutter background and detect the small target effectively.

近红外光谱技术在乳及乳制品质量检测中的应用

随着生活水平的提升,人们对食品质量的关注日益增加,快速获取产品质量信息已成为热点问题之一。近红外光谱技术作为一种快速、无损、定量的检测手段,能够在短时间内获取食品的质量信息,该技术已逐渐在食品质量评价中得到广泛应用。本文综述了近红外光谱技术在乳及乳制品质量检测方面的应用,旨在为该技术在乳制品行业中的进一步应用提供参考。

可见-短波红外宽波段30倍连续变焦光学系统设计(特邀)

可见-短波红外宽波段共焦面变焦光学系统是实现光电系统高功能密度化的重要手段,但光学材料在该波段范围内表现出较大的色散特性差异,给相应波段连续变焦系统的设计造成较大困难。针对该问题,文中从连续变焦系统设计模型出发,结合宽波段光学系统设计中的消色差条件,论述了一种宽波段变焦系统中各组元材料选择的方法,指出了胶合元件在宽波段光学系统设计中的特殊用途,设计完成了一款宽波段连续变焦光学系统,该系统F≤5.5、焦距范围为10~300 mm、水平视场38.8°~1.25°、工作波段范围为0.48~1.7μm,适配1080 P、像元3.45μm的InGaAs探测器,可通过切换滤光片实现多波段成像,还可通过切换机构或分色棱镜实现彩色/透雾/激光/微光等不同功能的共孔径集成。所述系统透镜总数为18片,采用了7种普通光学玻璃材料,总长不大于190 mm,在整个变焦范围内,均表现出优良的成像质量。

近红外荧光成像技术实现术中神经成像:应用现状与未来发展

背景:目前主要的神经成像方式,如磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描和高分辨率超声,均无法为医生提供术中实时定位图像。随着近红外荧光成像技术应用于临床,手术目标区域的直接可视化成为现实,这为神经的术中实时识别提供了新的方案。目的:归纳并总结近红外荧光成像技术实现术中神经成像的研究进展。方法:以“近红外荧光成像,光学成像,神经成像”为中文检索词,以“near-infrared fluorescence imaging,optical imaging,nerve imaging”为英文检索词,分别检索万方数据、中国知网及PubMed数据库。检索时间范围重点为2010年1月至2023年7月,同时纳入少数经典远期文献,通过阅读文题和摘要进行初步筛选,排除中英文文献重复性研究、低质量期刊及内容不相关的文献,最后纳入69篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)吲哚菁绿引导下的近红外荧光成像在临床上已被用于术中血管、输尿管和胆管等管状器官以及各种肿瘤的识别与定位,是目前在精准外科手术中应用比较成熟的术中成像方法。(2)在近红外荧光成像技术实现术中神经荧光成像的研究中,吲哚菁绿是目前唯一的一种应用于临床研究的近红外荧光染料。(3)理想神经显影剂应该具有以下特点:在围术期容易给药,logD在pH=7.4时数值为0.5-3.0,分子质量<500 Da,有近红外窗口中的激发和发射波长,能够在神经组织中长时间保留,具有较高的SBR值以及较高的安全性。(4)未来近红外神经荧光显影剂的开发中,研究者们应该将重心放在合成吲哚菁绿与神经特异性靶点的复合物中。(5)在应用前景方面,该技术不仅能使术中神经荧光成像将成为现实,而且在原位监测神经再生以及诊断神经系统疾病方面也将取得巨大突破。

激光红外技术下物联网异常节点状态监测研究

为了在海量物联网数据中准确监测异常节点状态,提高无线网络的安全性,提出激光红外技术下物联网异常节点状态监测方法。采用基于角度测量的激光红外定位方法判断出物联网异常节点的大概范围,将该区域作为采集区域展开异常节点特征数据采集和降维,通过奇异值分解对采集到的异常节点数据展开去噪处理,结合随机矩阵理论和平均谱半径判断节点的异常状态,以此实现对物联网异常节点状态监测。实验结果表明,所提方法的定位误差值最大仅为4.3%、监测时间在79.85 ms以下、丢包率低于0.22%,具有良好的监测能力。

拉曼光谱与中红外光谱融合技术快速定量食用酒精的乙醇浓度

目的利用拉曼光谱与中红外光谱的数据融合技术实现对食用酒精乙醇浓度(酒精度)的快速定量检测。方法首先,分别采集不同浓度食用酒精水溶液的拉曼光谱与中红外光谱。其次,采用多元散射校正(multiplicative scatter correction,MSC)、卷积平滑(Savitzky-Golay,S-G)、一阶求导的方法对原始数据进行预处理。然后,基于自举软缩减法(bootstrapping soft shrinkage,BOSS)和无信息变量消除算法(uninformative variable elimination,UVE)分别对预处理后的光谱数据进行特征提取,并利用X-Y距离样本集划分法(sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distance,SPXY)将光谱数据划分为校正集和预测集。最后,建立基于拉曼光谱-中红外光谱数据融合的偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)食用酒精乙醇浓度预测模型,并利用麻雀搜寻算法优化的混合核极限学习机算法(sparrow search algorithm-optimized hybrid kernel extreme learning machine,SSA-HKELM)提升预测性能,实现对不同浓度食用酒精的快速、准确定量检测。结果与拉曼光谱数据、中红外光谱数据以及中红外与拉曼光谱的数据层融合构建的预测模型相比,中红外光谱与拉曼光谱特征层融合数据构建的预测模型具有更好的预测性能。其中,最优模型的校正集均方根误差(root mean squared error of calibration set,RMSEC)为0.98314,校正集决定系数(R_(c)^(2))为0.99634,预测集均方根误差(root mean squared error of prediction set,RMSEP)为1.03256,预测集决定系数(R_(p)^(2))为0.99036。结论中红外光谱与拉曼光谱特征层融合预测模型可以实现对不同浓度食用酒精的高效定量检测,为食用酒精的质量检测提供了有效的理论支持与技术保障。

红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌根治术中识别甲状旁腺的应用效果

目的探讨红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌根治术中识别甲状旁腺的应用效果。方法选取我院2021年6月至2022年2月收治的120例甲状腺癌患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各60例。两组患者均行双侧甲状腺全切除术+双侧中央区淋巴结清扫和/或侧颈淋巴结清扫术,同时对照组常规应用纳米炭识别甲状旁腺完成手术,观察组应用红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭识别甲状旁腺完成手术。比较两组的应用效果。结果术后1 d,观察组的血钙、甲状旁腺素(PTH)水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的低钙血症、甲状旁腺功能减退发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论红外荧光显像技术应用于甲状腺癌根治术中可辅助识别甲状旁腺,联合纳米炭负显影可弥补纳米炭不能使甲状旁腺与脂肪、胸腺等未黑染组织相区别的不足,从而有效保护甲状旁腺功能,减少并发症发生。

基于One NET云平台和北斗GPS双模定位的智慧停车系统

本文指出目前智慧停车面临三大技术难题:一是如何实现高精度停车位置定位;二是如何准确实现车位空闲状态检测;三是构建互联互通的停车场停车信息网络系统并对接到云平台,实现整个城市停车信息的大数据共享。为此,本文设计了一款基于OneNET云平台和北斗GPS双模定位的智慧停车系统,从理论上可解决上述3个关键问题。系统经过测试运行正常,数据收发正常,各传感器和北斗GPS定位数据准确,云平台数据更新保持在1~2 s之间。表明该系统具有车位状态监测准确、位置定位可精确到分米级别、数据上传到云平台存储和显示快速及时的特点,能够提高停车场的利用率和周转率,方便车主出行和生活。

红外热成像技术在室内非均匀热环境评价中的应用研究

为了对室内热环境进行空间评价,探究平均辐射温度与湿球黑球温度(t_(WBG))的空间分布规律,通过对存在辐射热源与室温两种工况下的室内空气温度、相对湿度、风速、黑球温度、表面温度进行测试,考察红外热成像法计算空间平均辐射温度的可靠性,并结合Python数字图像设计一种热环境空间评价结果的可视化方法,研究存在辐射源与室温两种工况平均辐射温度与t_(WBG)的空间分布规律。结果显示:不同工况下红外热成像法与黑球法的差异均在2℃以内,红外热成像法计算平均辐射温度具有较高的可靠性。平均辐射温度、空气温度、t_(WBG)的空间变化规律相似,当室内存在辐射热源时平均辐射温度的空间差异为6.4℃,t_(WBG)的空间差异为3.9℃。研究结果可以为室内热环境的空间评价提供参考。

基于近红外光谱技术有监督模式识别的青皮产地溯源分析

利用便携式近红外光谱仪采集不同产地(安徽、广东、四川)青皮外壁和内囊光谱数据,采用单一预处理和组合预处理方法消除光谱中的多种干扰,结合主成分分析(PCA)、簇类独立软模式分类法(SIMCA)及Fisher线性判别分析(FLDA)等模式识别方法建立青皮产地溯源模型。结果表明,光谱预处理可以在一定程度上消除基线漂移、背景噪声和谱峰重叠干扰,但无法实现产地溯源。3种模式识别方法中,PCA无法实现青皮产地溯源;青皮外壁和内囊原始光谱的SIMCA模型获得的青皮产地溯源整体鉴别率分别为99.14%和98.28%;FLDA模型获得的整体鉴别率均为99.57%,优于SIMCA模型;经光谱预处理优化后的SIMCA和FLDA模型对青皮产地溯源的鉴别率均可达100%,即便携式近红外光谱技术结合有监督模式识别方法可实现青皮产地溯源的无损分析,可为食药同源物质产地溯源拓展新途径。