Interaction Rule between Rare Earths and LowMelting Point Elements in Fe-,Cu-,AI-,Ni-Base Liquid Solutions

Interaction rule between representative RE and Sn, Sb, Pb, Cu, S, P low melting point elements respectively in Fe , Cu , Al , Ni base liquid solutions including totally 34 ternary and quarternary systems was investigated. For each system some thermodynamic properties were obtained, such as the standard free energies of equilibrium reactions, activity interaction coefficients etc ..

A Modified Mixing Rule for PSRK Model and Application for the Prediction of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Polymer Solutions

To extend the PSRK (predictive Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state) model to vapor-liquid equilibria of polymer solutions, a new EOS-gE mixing rule is applied in which the term ∑ xi ln(b/bi) in the PSRK mixing rule for the parameter a, and the combinatorial part in the original universal functional activity coefficient (UNIFAC) model are cancelled. To take into account the free volume contribution to the excess Gibbs energy in polymer solution, a quadratic mixing rule for the cross co-volume bij with an exponent equals to 1/2 is applied[bij1/2= 1/2(bi1/2+bj1/2)]. The literature reported Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state (SRK EOS) parameters ofpure polymer are employed. The PSRK model with the modified mixing rule is used to predict the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of 37 solvent-polymer systems over a large range of temperature and pressure with satisfactory results.

Improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA)-II in multi-objective optimization studies of wind turbine blades

The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA） is improved with the controlled elitism and dynamic crowding distance. A novel multi-objective optimization algorithm is obtained for wind turbine blades. As an example, a 5 MW wind turbine blade design is presented by taking the maximum power coefficient and the minimum blade mass as the optimization objectives. The optimal results show that this algorithm has good performance in handling the multi-objective optimization of wind turbines, and it gives a Pareto-optimal solution set rather than the optimum solutions to the conventional multi objective optimization problems. The wind turbine blade optimization method presented in this paper provides a new and general algorithm for the multi-objective optimization of wind turbines.

Prediction of Activity Coefficients for Mixed Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions from the Data of Their Binary Solutions

The simple equation relating the activity coefficient of each solute in mixed electrolyte solution to its value in binary solutions under isopiestic equilibrium was tested by comparison with the experimental data for the 18 electrolyte solutions consisting of 1：1, 1：2, and 1：3 electrolytes. The isopiestic measurements were made on the quaternary system BaCl2-NH4Br-NaI-H2O and its ternary subsystems NaI-NH4Br-H2O, NaI-BaCl2-H2O, and NH4Br-BaCl2-H2O at 298.15K. The results were used to test the applicability of the Zdanovskii＇s rule to the mixed electrolyte solutions which contain no common ions, and the agreement is excellent. The activity coefficients of the solutes in the above quaternary and ternary systems calculated from the above-mentioned simple equation are in good agreement with the Pitzer＇s equation.

Electrical conductivities for four ternary electrolyte aqueous solutions with one or two ionic liquid components at ambient temperatures and pressure

This work provides a method to explore the transport property of the electrolyte aqueous solutions with one or two ionic liquids, especially focus on their electrical conductivity. The conductivities were measured for the ternary systems Na Cl–[C6mim][Cl](1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride)–H2O, [C6mim][BF4]–[C6mim][Cl]–H2O,Na NO3–[C6mim][BF4](1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)–H2O, and [C4mim][BF4](1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)–[C6mim][BF4]–H2O, and their binary subsystems NaN O3–H2O, NaC l–H2O,[C6mim][BF4]–H2O, [C6mim][Cl]–H2O, and [C4mim][BF4]–H2O, respectively. The conductivities of the ternary systems were also determined using generalized Young's rule and semi-ideal solution theory in terms of the data of their binary solutions. The comparison showed that the two simple equations provide good predictions for conductivity of mixed electrolyte solutions and the mixed ionic liquid solutions based on the conductivity of their binary subsystems.

The Traveling Wave Solutions of Space-Time Fractional Differential Equation Using Fractional Riccati Expansion Method

In this paper, we firstly give a counterexample to indicate that the chain rule is lack of accuracy. After that, we put forward the fractional Riccati expansion method. No need to use the chain rule, we apply this method to fractional KdV-type and fractional Telegraph equations and obtain the tangent and cotangent functions solutions of these fractional equations for the first time.

“枫桥经验”与诉源治理法治化

在习近平法治思想的指引下,“枫桥经验”与时俱进,创造性地解决了新时代的系列治理问题,逐渐发展为党领导基层治理的重要经验。当前我国基层矛盾纠纷仍呈高发态势,法院面临的“案多人少”问题依然严重,坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”,推进矛盾纠纷前端预防化解和多元综合治理相结合的诉源治理,是防止我国成为“诉讼大国”的有效途径。应当在党委领导下构建诉源治理大格局,形成多元化解矛盾纠纷体系,推动矛盾调处机制法治化、智能化发展。

数据跨境流通规则博弈与中国应对

如何安全有效促进数据跨境流通和赢得数据跨境流通治理话语权主导权,成为各国博弈的焦点。当前,受各国数据治理理念,核心利益诉求,深层次个人数据安全、国家数据主权、数据跨境自由流通不可兼得的“三元悖论”以及传统数据治理手段制约,国际数据跨境流通领域形成多元治理机制并存、多套治理模板竞争、多轮博弈持续演进的博弈态势,以及数据跨境流通治理碎片化割裂化的局面。当前,我国以国家安全与数据跨境有序自由流动并重为基本特征的数据跨境流通治理主张,不仅契合我国发展实际,而且符合大多数发展中国家的愿望。总体而言,数据跨境流通治理中国方案是一种合意的数据跨境流通治理方案,但在具体实践中我国数据跨境流通治理依然存在一些短板,如有些规定不太合理导致企业数据跨境流通操作成本高、数据跨境流通治理参与度低导致数据跨境流通互操作性较差、与国际高标准数字经贸规则存在衔接障碍等,同时面临国际上异样的声音,甚至存在被污名化、被打压的风险,不利于数据跨境流通治理中国方案效力与国际影响力的提升。为在数据跨境流通治理领域赢得话语权主导权、推进数据跨境流通国际治理,我国应坚持多边主义,推动以联合国和WTO为主导的国际机制建设;推进“数字丝绸之路”建设,扩大中国方案影响力;加强双多边合作,增强数据跨境流通互操作性;对接高标准数字经贸规则,提高数据跨境流通治理能力。

碳酸盐岩地层漏失规律研究

碳酸盐岩在沉积/成岩过程中由于受到化学溶蚀作用,发育包括溶孔、溶洞和裂缝在内的多种类型漏失通道,导致漏失成为安全高效钻井的首要挑战。以S油田N组巨厚碳酸盐岩地层为研究对象,综合测井和录井解释成果,建立了溶孔、溶洞和裂缝不同类型的等效物理模型。通过采用将离散裂缝嵌入变渗透率基质中的方法建立钻井液漏失流-固耦合数学模型,并采用有限元方法进行求解,系统对比分析不同漏失通道条件下的钻井液漏速和漏量的变化特征,以及钻井液参数对漏失的影响。研究结果表明,漏失通道类型是影响漏失的主控因素,漏失程度与溶洞渗透率大小成正相关,且易引发失反性漏失。裂缝宽度和溶蚀半径也对漏速和漏量影响较大,但二者存在阈值,当达到一定极限时漏速和漏量趋于平缓。漏失通道组合越复杂,漏失越严重。钻井液密度与漏失程度成正相关。建立的数值模型可为溶孔-溶洞-裂缝型碳酸盐岩漏失规律理论研究提供新的思路,为安全高效钻井提供理论支持。

中国区域数字贸易规则深度测算、特征与发展方案

明确中国区域数字规则深度并推动中国区域数字贸易规则深度提升,对于促进中国数字贸易发展具有重要的作用和意义。本文在梳理中国区域数字贸易规则发展阶段的基础上,基于TAPED数据库对中国已签署的16个(含升级)包含数字贸易规则的区域贸易协定作为样本进行了深度测算,总结发现中国区域数字贸易规则具有深度不断加深、广度不断拓展、贸易促进条款是重点内容、与国际高标准数字贸易规则仍有一定差距的特征。最后本文从加深中国已签订RTAs数字贸易规则深度、打造符合中国国情的数字贸易规则“中式模板”、加快对接国际高标准数字贸易协定、构建适应国际数字贸易发展需求的国内法律体系四个方面提出了中国发展方案。

基于层次分析和关联规则的陆路交通工程间接勘察技术方案决策方法

勘察技术方案的决策是开展陆路交通工程勘察的首要工作,然而在不同的勘察阶段,由于成本、效率、效果等需求不同,对勘察技术及手段的要求也不同。现阶段勘察技术的选取长期单纯地依赖从业者经验,导致其无法满足信息化、智能化勘察的需求;同时,实用的新型勘察技术由于缺乏科学有效的决策机制,导致工程实践中无法及时融入。因此,需要建立科学的决策机制,结合新技术,制定更加精准、高效的勘察方案。将层次分析法和关联规则进行融合,提出了一种基于两者的间接勘察技术方案决策方法。首先,根据勘察技术本身具备的特性和目标地区地层参数进行定量分析,确定主要的勘察类别;然后,利用层次分析法选取该类别中满足勘察准确性、技术可靠性、经济合理性的最佳勘察技术;最后,运用关联规则围绕最佳勘察技术补齐在应用中存在的短板,综合新型勘察技术的应用实践结果,构建间接勘察技术组合方案。通过本决策方法的应用,极大程度地减小了勘察技术选择的随意性,据此建立的间接勘察技术组合方案符合现场需求和实践经验,证明了本方法的可行性。

粤港澳大湾区探索建设数字特区的路径浅析

当前,以互联网、大数据、人工智能为代表的新一代信息技术日新月异,数字技术与实体经济各领域融合全面展开,数字化正在引领新一轮技术革命和产业变革。作为我国开放程度最高、经济活力最强的区域之一,粤港澳大湾区正加速形成以数字创新为主要引领和支撑的经济体系,制度优势成为驱动大湾区高质量发展的重要保障。探索建设数字特区,以相对独立封闭的区域进行试验探索,围绕数字经济开展一揽子政策创新,从国际、湾区、产业和人才四个维度,率先推进大湾区跨境数据管理规则相衔接、推动产业数字化和数字产业化发展、实施金融科技创新战略、建设智慧示范城市、打造数字人才集聚区,为数字中国建设提供湾区方案。

对涉及人工神经网络的专利申请的可专利性的探讨

基于《专利审查指南》2010版和最新版中涉及人工智能,尤其是关于人工神经网络的专利申请的审查标准和实践,通过对国外主要国家和地区相关规定和标准以及涉及人工神经网络的若干案例的分析和讨论,提出人工神经网络并不属于传统意义上的算法规则,其解决方案在不与具体应用场合进行结合的情况下,本身就能够获得对于解决问题、解决方案和实现效果的符合自然规律的技术性内涵,从而涉及人工神经网络的解决方案属于专利法意义上的技术方案。

论数字时代国际经济规则之变与中国因应

数字技术正日益成为全球经济发展的重要驱动力,促使传统国际经济规则向数字化转型。以数字技术主导的新一轮科技革命激发了数字技术大国对于规则和标准的博弈,数字经济国际规则迎来规则重构期。然而,由于全球数字经济发展的严重失衡、数字大国利益的明显分歧,构建公平、有效的国际规则面临着重大挑战。作为数字技术第二大国的中国,有能力和信心回答好数字时代下国际经济规则应去往何处这一时代之问。中国应坚持数字发展优先战略,推动各国构建包容性的数字经济国际规则,借助“数字丝绸之路”等合作项目,提升国际规则制定中的中国影响力。同时,中国也应在国内建设“数字经济特区”,促进数字经济国际规则试点,加强推进国内数字经济制度的顶层设计,协同强化数字领域对外开放和内部规则构建,不断提升中国数字经济国际竞争力和规则塑造话语权。

Solving Linear Fredholm-Stieltjes Integral Equations of the Second Kind by Using the Generalized Midpoint Rule

In this paper, the approximate solution to the linear fredholm-stieltjes integral equations of the second kind （LFSIESK） by using the generalized midpoint rule （GMR） is introduced. A comparison resu｜ts depending on the number of subintervals ＂n＂ are calculated by using Maple 18 and presented. These results are demonstrated graphically in a particular numerical example. An algorithm of this application is given by using Maple 18.

数字经济国际规则构建中的中国主张

当今时代,全球数字经济的发展深刻改变着政治经济社会各个方面,对国际经济秩序和规则构建提出新要求,推动数字领域多边及区域贸易协定谈判加快开展。但由于长期以来全球数字经济和数字化发展严重不平衡,数字经济国际规则构建也同时面临分歧和失衡。中国目前已经成为数字经济大国,具备较强的数字实力和扎实的发展基础,应积极弘扬中国数字主张,主动参与数字经济国际规则制定,维护数字领域公正合理的国际经济秩序,同时深化数字领域国际合作,加快推动区域数字贸易规则谈判,协同强化数字领域对外开放和内部规则构建,不断提升中国数字经济竞争力和发展主导权。

蚕豆田杂草消长规律及5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂田间防效研究

为明确甘肃中部灌区春播蚕豆田杂草消长规律及5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂对杂草的防效,本研究对蚕豆田杂草优势群落进行调查分析,并选择除草剂5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂开展蚕豆田杂草防除试验。结果表明,蚕豆田杂草以阔叶杂草为主,优势杂草有苣菜、野荞麦、猪殃殃、刺盖草,并伴有禾本科杂草野燕麦、冰草等。4月中旬为杂草始发期,5月上旬开始杂草种类基本不变。5月中下旬为杂草出草高峰期,田间杂草密度明显增加,以苣菜为主的优势杂草种群逐渐形成。5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂2 000 mL/hm^(2)茎叶处理对阔叶杂草和部分禾本科杂草防效突出、作用时间长,其中对阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效均在90%以上,且蚕豆产量较不施用除草剂的对照提高。说明5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂可用于蚕豆田杂草防除。

Normalized Wolfe-Powell-type local minimax method for finding multiple unstable solutions of nonlinear elliptic PDEs

The local minimax method(LMM)proposed by Li and Zhou(2001,2002)is an efficient method to solve nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations(PDEs)with certain variational structures for multiple solutions.The steepest descent direction and the Armijo-type step-size search rules are adopted in Li and Zhou(2002)and play a significant role in the performance and convergence analysis of traditional LMMs.In this paper,a new algorithm framework of the LMMs is established based on general descent directions and two normalized(strong)Wolfe-Powell-type step-size search rules.The corresponding algorithm framework,named the normalized Wolfe-Powell-type LMM(NWP-LMM),is introduced with its feasibility and global convergence rigorously justified for general descent directions.As a special case,the global convergence of the NWP-LMM combined with the preconditioned steepest descent(PSD)directions is also verified.Consequently,it extends the framework of traditional LMMs.In addition,conjugate-gradient-type(CG-type)descent directions are utilized to speed up the NWP-LMM.Finally,extensive numerical results for several semilinear elliptic PDEs are reported to profile their multiple unstable solutions and compared with different algorithms in the LMM’s family to indicate the effectiveness and robustness of our algorithms.In practice,the NWP-LMM combined with the CG-type direction performs much better than its known LMM companions.

Multiobjective Economic/Environmental Dispatch Using Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm

The eminence of Economic Dispatch(ED)in power systems is signifi-cantly high as it involves in scheduling the available power from various power plants with less cost by compensating equality and inequality constrictions.The emission of toxic gases from power plants leads to environmental imbalance and so it is highly mandatory to rectify this issues for obtaining optimal perfor-mance in the power systems.In this present study,the Economic and Emission Dispatch(EED)problems are resolved as multi objective Economic Dispatch pro-blems by using Harris Hawk’s Optimization(HHO),which is capable enough to resolve the concerned issue in a wider range.In addition,the clustering approach is employed to maintain the size of the Pareto Optimal(PO)set during each itera-tion and fuzzy based approach is employed to extricate compromise solution from the Pareto front.To meet the equality constraint effectively,a new demand-based constraint handling mechanism is adopted.This paper also includes Wind energy conversion system(WECS)in EED problem.The conventional thermal generator cost is taken into account while considering the overall cost functions of wind energy like overestimated,underestimated and proportional costs.The quality of the non-dominated solution set is measured using quality metrics such as Set Spacing(SP)and Hyper-Volume(HV)and the solutions are compared with other conventional algorithms to prove its efficiency.The present study is validated with the outcomes of various literature papers.