Co-liquefaction of Coal and Used Tire in Supercritical Water

The co-liquefaction of lignite coal and used tire was performed in a 250-ml batch reactor, in supercritical water under a nitrogen atmosphere to investigate the effects of temperature (380-440℃), water/feedstock ratio (4/1-10/1 (wt./wt.)) and the % used tire content in the feedstock (0-100 wt.%) on the conversion efficiency, liquid yield and oil composition attained. The maximum conversion and oil yield were 67 and 50%, respectively, obtained at 400℃ at 1 min, with water/feedstock ratio of 10/1 and 80% used tire content. The distillation characteristics of the oil products, analyzed by simulated distillation gas chromatography, revealed that the oil composition depended significantly on the reaction temperature. The co-liquefaction of coal and used tire yielded a synergistically increased level of oil production. Moreover, the total conversion level obtained with co-liquefaction alone was almost equal to those obtained in the presence of either Fe2O3 or NiMo as catalysts, under the same conditions. Therefore, supercritical water is a good medium for the dissolution of the volatile matter from a coal and used tire matrix.

Study on land use changes of the coal mining area based on TM image

Based on the two temporal TM images of 1995 and 2001 of one coal mining area,analyzed the variety information of the coal mining area.Relative registration were done with the two images firstly,then cut out the study area for experimental data,classi- fied the coal mining area using supervised classification in ERDAS,the coal mining area will be divided into five categories as water body,agricultural land,construction land,coal mining area and other land.Make land use change matrix,the result shows that in the six years of 1995 to 2001,the change of the utilize of the land is greatly,the main represent is showed as follows: the area of water body,agricultural land and coal mining land had con- tinually increased,on the contrary,construction area and other decreased.The percen- tage speed of the construction land is the biggest,the value reach-1.08%.The main rea- sons is that with the exploitation of the coal mine and the reclaim of the land,the exploita- tion of the coal mining land make the agricultural land and construction area convert into coal mining land,on the other hand with the backfill of the subsided waterlogged land and the reclaim of the subsided land make the coal mining land convert into agricultural land.

Prospect of Clean Coal Technologies to be Used in Fujian Province Power Industry

This paper is based on the existing status and development prediction of Fujian power industry, and describes that the structure of energy sources for generating power which will mainly use coal, will not be changed in the 2010s and 2020s in Fujian Province. In order to meet the requirements of high efficiency and envirofimental protection, the usage of clean coal technologies for power generating will be an inevitable option and the technologies will occupy the important position in Fujian power industry. This paper puts forward the staged targets and measures of developing and utilizing clean coal technologies, suggests that all government depotments related should give support and guarantee in policies and conditions, and welcome technical and economic cooperation at home and abroad, which is good for co-development of both parties.

Spatial Structure Adjustment Strategies of the Coal Resource-Based Cities during the Mature Period: A Case Study of Pingdingshan

Coal cities are the main part of the resource-based cities in China, and the benign development of coal cities' spatial structure has a direct impact on these cities' future economic and social development, as well as the urban residents' welfare. Land use fragmentation is the most typical morphological characteristic of the coal city's spatial structure development. In this paper, Pingdingshan City of Henan Province in China is taken as an example. Through empirical analysis, the urban spatial structure development processes of a typical coal resource-based city in its mature period are illustrated, and the formation reasons and potential mechanism behind coal city land use fragmentation are explored, and the measurement method of land use fragmentation degree of the coal city is put forward. On the above basis, the appropriate adjustment strategies and methods aimed at the coal city spatial structure are found out and given. This study is a good guideline and reference for the spatial structure planning and land use planning of the coal city during the mature and declining period, which is of great help to the sustainable development and industrial structure transformation of the coal city. It also has certain reference significance for the coal city in the growth period.

The Forming-Mechanism and Role of Creativity Thinking in Dry Coal Beneficiation of Coal with Air-Dense Medium Fluidized Bed

In this paper, the authors point out that the Creativity is an inevitable request in solving engineering and technological problems and that the coal beneficiation technology with air dense medium fluidized bed is a result of reversal thinking, and its forming mechanism is the use of other things for reference and the transplantation.

The Methodology of Melioration and Restoration of the Largest Dumps of the Most Coal Basin

Reclamations of dumps in the Most Basin that is located in the North Bohemia consist of restoration of extremely unfavourable properties of rocks that are poured down onto the dump body. These rocks come from the surface layer and the layer where coal bed is present. Sands, clay sands and kaolin (illitic clays) are the main components that occur in the material. Other components are predominantly organic (coal) mass, siderite and pyrite. This report briefly summarizes the history and present of ore, non-metallic and coal mining in the region and addresses in detail the issue of moderating the consequences of mining, which is one of the principal activities of the Research Institute for Brown Coal, j.s.c. in Most. The concept of landscape reclamation in the largest dumps after mining ends, the technical reclamation methodology and the well considered use of fertilizable soil are main results presented in this article.