Non-governmental organizations'influence on tackling black carbon in the shipping industry

This paper reviews the achievements of some typical non-governmental organizations （NGOs） in reducing black carbon emissions from shipping which enjoy the consultative status offered by the International Maritime Organization. It discusses the roles of the specific NGOs in dealing with black carbon in the Arctic region from the perspective of global governance to gain insights to guide our involvements in the Arctic affairs and shipping in the region by taking the advantages of NGOs＇ influence on the proceedings of international negotiations, our national policy development, the improvement of industrial practices and public perceptions.

北极海运黑碳排放的国际治理:现状、挑战与制度构建

黑碳属于短期气候强迫因子,具备温室效应物质和大气污染物质的双重属性,对北极环境和生态系统危害极大。来自国际海运船舶的黑碳排放是导致北极气候变化和空气污染的主要来源,应当而且已经引起了国际社会的重视。国际海事组织、北极理事会等机构对黑碳减排的立法与实践的尝试,形成的是碎片化、约束力弱、框架性的国际海运黑碳法律治理现状。国际海事组织与北极理事会等应当牵头制定“北极海运黑碳减排协定”,并将其作为统筹相关制度的基础,辅之以扩大排放控制区等措施。可通过“俱乐部”式的运行机制和设置权利与义务的方式保障协定的执行力,构建北极海运黑碳排放国际治理体系,最终实现黑碳减排与绿色发展的双赢。