A Study on Near-Infrared Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Concentration Regression Prediction Based on PSO-MKL-SVR

To improve the accuracy of predicting non-invasive blood glucose concentration in the near-infrared spectrum, we utilized the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize hyperparameters for the Multi-Kernel Learning Support Vector Machine (MKL-SVR). With these optimized hyperparameters, we established a non-invasive blood glucose regression model, referred to as the PSO-MKL-SVR model. Subsequently, we conducted a comparative analysis between the PSO-MKL-SVR model and the PSO-SVR model. In a dataset comprising ten volunteers, the PSO-MKL-SVR model exhibited significant precision improvements, including a 16.03% reduction in Mean Square Error and a 0.29% increase in the Squared Correlation Coefficient. Moreover, there was a 0.14% higher probability of the Clark’s Error Grid Analysis falling within Zone A. Additionally, the PSO-MKL-SVR model demonstrated a faster operational speed compared to the PSO-SVR model.

Effect of acute oral chlorogenic acid ingestion on the inhibition of blood glucose excursions following glucose to-lerance testing

The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory effect of acute oral chlorogenic acid (CGA) ingestion on increases in blood glucose levels following glucose tolerance testing. Ten healthy male adults (age: 25.9 ± 5.4 years) participated in the study. Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein of subjects following overnight fasting. After a 120-min rest, they were administered 75 g glucose and chlorogenic acid or placebo. The amount of chlorogenic acid administered (in the form of capsules) to the subjects was 0.1g per body mass. In addition, only capsules were ingested in placebo ingestion conditions. Blood samples were collected 4 times during the 120-min rest period at intervals of 30 min. Serum insulin and plasma glucose levels were analyzed. Serum insulin levels increased significantly at 30 min after glucose ingestion, and fixed until 120 min in both conditions. Plasma glucose level increased significantly at 30 min after glucose ingestion, followed by a slow decrease. In addition, no significant difference was found between the conditions in each parameter. In conclusion, acute oral chlorogenic acid ingestion may not inhibition blood glucose increase following glucose tolerance.

Psychological problems related to capillary blood glucose testing and insulin injection among diabetes patients

Objective:This review is aimed at explaining the psychological problems related to capillary blood glucose(CBG)testing and insulin injection,as well as recommending essential strategies to solve the fear thereof.Methods:Databases,including PubMed,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL),Scopus,and Google Scholar,were searched to extract the relevant articles.Initially,the terms used to retrieve related studies were"fear of blood glucose monitoring","anxiety capillary blood glucose testing and insulin injection","psychological problems on blood glucose monitoring and insulin injection","diabetes management",and"diabetes mellitus".Results:Results showed that the psychological problems related to CBG testing and insulin injection were associated with the stress and depression experienced during diabetes self-monitoring of blood glucose.This psychological issue has its impacts such as nonadherence to medication as well as a lack of self-discipline in terms of CBG testing and insulin injection.Inadequate information,inappropriate perception,and pain/discomfort during pricking of fingers were the main reasons for the psychological issues in CBG testing and self-injection of insulin.Conclusions:The expected benefits of this review include the explanation of the issues related to the psychological problems in CBG testing and insulin injection among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.This review article also provides the recommendations on providing counseling and empowering the patients on CBG monitoring and insulin injection.Moreover,family members should provide psychological support to reduce fear,anxiety,and distress arising from CBG testing and insulin injection.

Recent developments in non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technology

Diabetes mellitus is a huge and significantly grow ing problem. Continuous and real-time monitoring of blood glucose plays a key role for the people with diabetes,which can help them to control glucose concentration more effectively. However,current blood glucose monitoring methods require blood by needle-pricking,which limit the detection frequency. It is necessary to develop non-invasive blood glucose monitoring methods to achieve the ideal therapeutic and management of diabetes. In this paper,the developments and challenges of non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technologies in recent years are reviewed. And the bottleneck and the developing trends are also analyzed.

Non-invasive glucose measuring apparatus based on conservation of energy method

A new non-invasive blood glucose measuring apparatus (NBGMA) made up of MSP430F149 SCM (single chip micyoco) was developed,which can measure blood glucose level (BGL) frequently,conveniently and painlessly. The hardware and software of this apparatus were designed,and detecting algorithms based on conservation of energy method (COEM) were presented. According to the law of conservation of energy that the energy derived by human body equals energy consumed by metabolism,and the relationship between convection,evaporation,radiation and the BGL was established. The sensor module was designed. 20 healthy volunteers were involved in the clinical experiment. The BGL measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer (ABA) was set as the reference. Regression analysis was performed to compare the conservation of energy method with the biochemical method,using the 20 data points with blood glucose concentrations ranging from 680 to 1 100 mg/L. Reproducibility was measured for healthy fasting volunteers. The results show that the means of BGL detected by NBGMA and ANA are very close to each other,and the difference of standard deviation (SD) is 24.7 mg/L. The correlative coefficient is 0.807. The coefficient of variation (CV) is 4% at 921.6 mg/L. The resultant regression is evaluated by the Clarke error grid analysis (EGA) and all data points are included in the clinically acceptable regions (region A:100%,region B:0%). Accordingly,it is feasible to measure BGL with COEM.

USING CAPILLARY WHOLE BLOOD GLUCOSE TEST IN SCREENING FOR GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

To discuss whether the capillary whole blood glucose （CBG） test can be used in glucose screening test （GST） for gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） compared to the venous plasma glucose （ VPG） method, and to determine the cutoff value of CBG. Methods This was a self-control test. The 50-g oral GST was conducted among 1 557 pregnant women between 24-28 weeks. Every woman was measured CBG and VPG at the same time and same arm. Three hundred and forty women underwent 100-g 3-h oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT）. Receiver operation curve （ROC） was used to determine the potential cutoff level of CBG and VPG. Diagnose criteria of GDM was based on NDDG criteria. OGTT diagnosed GDM and VPG ≥ 7. 8 mmol/L were used as golden standard for ROC. Results There was good relationship between CBG and VPG （ P 〈0.01 ）. Correlation coefficient was O. 86. The value of CBG was lower than VPG. The statistical and high-sensitivity cutoff values were 7. 4 mmol/L in CBG and 7. 8 mmol/L in VPG when GDM was used as golden standard. Cutoff value of CBG was 7. 0 mmol/L when VPG≥7. 8 mmol/L was used as golden standard. The pregnant outcomes of positive cases of three thresholds had no significant differences. But it was better in case of the pregnant woman when the CBG value was more than 7. 4 mmol/L. Conclusion CBG can be used in GST, the threshold of CBG was suggested as 7. 4 mmol/L. CBG test was more convenience and effective than VPG test.

Glucose and Electrolytes Concentrations in Blood and Saliva Samples amongst Diabetics

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in which glucose is underutilized, producing hyperglycaemia. The management requires proper maintenance of glucose and electrolytes within its optimum concentrations. The study was designed to evaluate the possibility of using saliva as an alternative non-invasive sample for the determination of electrolytes. A total of 100 samples were utilized consisting of equal number of control (non-diabetics) and diabetic groups. Fasting blood and saliva were collected employing standard methods. The biochemical parameters were analysed using WHO approved methods and procedures. Independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation were the statistical tools used for the data analysis obtained from SPSS package (version 20). The study revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in concentrations of blood and salivary glucose, potassium and calcium when controls were compared to diabetics. Moreover, there was a high level of semblances and patterns between plasma and salivary electrolytes, except for potassium. Therefore, electrolytes and glucose results gotten from the use of saliva could be used to equate to that of blood. Hence, instances of non-accessibility of blood, saliva could be of help.

Biomarkers for detecting colorectal cancer non-invasively: DNA,RNA or proteins?

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a global problem affecting millions of people worldwide.This disease is unique because of its slow progress that makes it preventable and often curable.CRC symptoms usually emerge only at advanced stages of the disease,consequently its early detection can be achieved only through active population screening,which markedly reduces mortality due to this cancer.CRC screening tests that employ non-invasively detectable biomarkers are currently being actively developed and,in most cases,samples of either stool or blood are used.However,alternative biological substances that can be collected non-invasively(colorectal mucus,urine,saliva,exhaled air)have now emerged as new sources of diagnostic biomarkers.The main categories of currently explored CRC biomarkers are:(1)Proteins(comprising widely used haemoglobin);(2)DNA(including mutations and methylation markers);(3)RNA(in particular microRNAs);(4)Low molecular weight metabolites(comprising volatile organic compounds)detectable by metabolomic techniques;and(5)Shifts in gut microbiome composition.Numerous tests for early CRC detection employing such non-invasive biomarkers have been proposed and clinically studied.While some of these studies generated promising early results,very few of the proposed tests have been transformed into clinically validated diagnostic/screening techniques.Such DNA-based tests as Food and Drug Administration-approved multitarget stool test(marketed as Cologuard®)or blood test for methylated septin 9(marketed as Epi proColon®2.0 CE)show good diagnostic performance but remain too expensive and technically complex to become effective CRC screening tools.It can be concluded that,despite its deficiencies,the protein(haemoglobin)detection-based faecal immunochemical test(FIT)today presents the most cost-effective option for non-invasive CRC screening.The combination of non-invasive FIT and confirmatory invasive colonoscopy is the current strategy of choice for CRC screening.However,continuing intense research in the area promises the emergence of new superior non-invasive CRC screening tests that will allow the development of improved disease prevention strategies.

Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study

Background:One-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Physical activity(PA)has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response.This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.Methods:Thirty-one adults without diabetes(age 25.9±6.6 years;body mass index 23.8±3.8 kg/m^2;mean±SD)were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity:low activity<30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity(n=11),moderately active≥30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA(n=10),and very active≥60 min/day of PA at high intensity(n=10).Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test(50 g glucose)with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline,15 min,30 min,45 min,60 min,90 min,and 120 min post-ingestion.Results:There were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin(p>0.05).The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level(p=0.003)and,marginally,for gender(p=0.053)and BMI(p=0.050).There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results(p=0.029),with differences between very active and low activity groups(p=0.008)but not between the moderately active and low activity groups(p=0.360),even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for.For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for(p=0.401).Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group(p=0.012).Conclusion:The results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.

Diagnostic accuracy of enhanced liver fibrosis test to assess liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C

BACKGROUND:The prognosis and clinical management of patients with chronic liver diseases are closely related to the severity of liver fibrosis.Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for the staging of liver fibrosis.However,it is an invasive test sometimes related to complications.This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of enhanced liver fibrosis(ELF) test to predict liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.METHODS:This study included 162 patients with liver disease and 67 healthy controls.Hyaluronic acid,tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase type 1,and amino-terminal propeptide type III procollagen were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay with the ELF test ADVIA Centaur(Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc.).Fibrosis stage was determined using the Metavir scoring system.RESULTS:In our study,for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis(Metavir F≥2) a cut-off value 】7.72 provides a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 83.0%.The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values were 0.94,93.3%,81.0%,93.3%,and 81.0%,respectively(P【0.001).For the diagnosis of cirrhosis(Metavir F=4) a cut-off value 】9.3 provides a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 86.0%.The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values were 0.94,79.1%,90.8%,75.6%,and 92.3%,respectively(P【0.001).CONCLUSIONS:The ELF test is a promising non-invasive method for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.It is effective in the diagnosis of both fibrosis and cirrhosis.

口服葡萄糖耐量试验1h血糖对糖尿病前期的诊断和鉴别价值

目的:探讨口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)1 h血糖对糖尿病前期的诊断和鉴别价值。方法:收集2019年6月至2022年6月于北京中医药大学东直门医院门诊及住院行OGTT的受试者1 206例,其中血糖正常412例,糖尿病前期358例,糖尿病436例。比较3组OGTT不同时点血糖与空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛β细胞分泌功能指数(HOMA-β)水平;采用ROC曲线分析OGTT 1 h血糖对糖尿病前期的诊断和鉴别价值。结果:3组OGTT各时点血糖均为糖尿病组>糖尿病前期组>血糖正常组(P<0.05)。FPG、HOMA-IR糖尿病组>糖尿病前期组>血糖正常组,FINS、HOMA-β糖尿病组<糖尿病前期组<血糖正常组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,OGTT 1 h血糖诊断糖尿病前期的AUC(95%CI)为0.758(0.724~0.792),以敏感度最大选取最佳切点值,该值为9.35 mmol/L,此时敏感度为0.701,特异度为0.709;OGTT 1 h血糖对糖尿病和糖尿病前期鉴别的AUC(95%CI)为0.956(0.942~0.969),以敏感度最大选取最佳切点值,该值为12.55 mmol/L,此时敏感度为0.901,特异度为0.908。结论:OGTT 1 h血糖对糖尿病前期具有一定的诊断和鉴别价值。

血糖全自动生化分析仪与尿液分析仪在检验糖尿病患者血糖、尿糖中的价值研究

目的研究糖尿病患者应用血糖全自动生化分析仪与尿液分析仪进行血糖、尿糖检验的临床价值。方法选取2022年6月—2023年6月福建省泉州市第三医院收治的100例疑似糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用血糖全自动生化分析仪与尿液分析仪进行检验,以受检者的口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果为金标准,对患者的血糖、尿糖检验结果进行分析,并对不同检验方式的检验结果及诊断效能(灵敏度、特异度、准确度)进行分析。结果100例疑似患者中口服葡萄糖耐量试验确诊阳性88例,阴性12例,经血糖全自动生化分析仪检查诊断阳性87例,阴性13例;经尿糖检查阳性86例,阴性14例;经血糖全自动生化分析仪联合尿糖检查诊断阳性89例,阴性11例;血糖全自动生化分析仪检查的诊断灵敏度为94.32%(83/88),特异度为66.67%(8/12),准确度为91.00%(91/100);尿糖的诊断灵敏度为92.05%(81/88),特异度为58.33%(7/12),准确度为88.00%(88/100);血糖全自动生化分析仪联合尿糖检验的诊断灵敏度为100.00%(88/88),特异度为91.67%(11/12),准确度为99.00%(99/100),联合诊断的灵敏度、准确度更高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.809、9.516,P均<0.05)。结论在糖尿病患者的临床检验上,将血糖全自动生化分析仪与尿液分析仪尿糖检验相结合能够大大提高检验结果的准确性和科学性,提高诊断效能,在临床上有借鉴意义。

血糖检验和尿糖检验在糖尿病患者中的临床价值

目的对比血糖检验与尿糖检验结果的准确性,评估其在糖尿病患者检验中的临床应用价值。方法选取2022年5月—2023年8月临朐县人民医院收治的40例疑似糖尿病患者为研究对象,全部患者予以尿糖检验和血糖检验,同时进行糖耐量试验作为诊断金标准,对比两种检验方式的准确度、灵敏度、特异度等指标。结果血糖检验灵敏度、准确度高于尿糖检验,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);两种检验方式特异度对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论糖尿病临床诊断中,与尿糖检验相比,血糖检验具有较高的准确性,因此,可将其应用于糖尿病临床诊断中,提高诊断准确性,以减少漏诊和误诊,为临床诊断治疗提供有力依据。

烧伤小鼠的葡萄糖耐受性长期评估和靶向代谢组学分析

背景烧伤患者预后与健康人群相比具有较高的糖尿病风险。既往研究多聚焦于短期内患者的血糖以及免疫功能的改变。目的观察烧伤小鼠长期的血糖调控和脾T细胞靶向代谢水平,为探讨烧伤患者长期免疫力低下的代谢机制提供初步依据。方法将雄性Balb/c小鼠随机分为对照组(n=7)、假伤组(n=44)和烧伤组(n=46),烧伤组建立小鼠15%全身体表面积(total body surface area,TBSA)烧伤模型,另取7只健康雄性Balb/c小鼠作为对照组。造模24 d时,随机选取对照组2只、假伤组4只、烧伤组6只处死,磁珠分选脾CD3+T细胞,高压液相色谱结合质谱仪检测T细胞靶向代谢产物果糖1,6-二磷酸、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸、丙酮酸、顺乌头酸、异柠檬酸、琥珀酸、乳酸和腺苷酸荷能。造模3个月时,比较各组小鼠血糖和血浆胰岛素的水平以及对葡萄糖耐受性和对胰岛素的敏感性。结果烧伤后24 d的小鼠脾T细胞的靶向代谢组学的结果显示,与对照组及假伤组相比,烧伤组小鼠T细胞糖酵解途径中的果糖1,6-二磷酸、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸、丙酮酸、琥珀酸、乳酸和腺苷酸荷能无统计学差异(P>0.05),但三羧酸循环的中间产物顺乌头酸和异柠檬酸减少(P<0.05)。烧伤后3个月烧伤组小鼠的血糖水平高于假伤组小鼠(P=0.022),但血浆胰岛素水平与假伤组小鼠比较无统计学差异(P=0.173)。萄糖耐受性试验中烧伤模型对于烧伤组血糖的影响高于假伤组(P<0.001),但是在胰岛素敏感实验中两组无统计学差异(P=0.683)。结论小鼠烧伤后血糖在较长期处于升高水平,且存在T细胞葡萄糖代谢缺陷的可能。

血糖检验与尿糖检验在糖尿病患者诊断中的应用效果

目的研究血糖和尿糖检验对糖尿病患者的诊断价值。方法选取2022年6月—2024年6月三明市第一医院收治的105例疑似糖尿病患者为研究对象,所有患者均接受血糖和尿糖检验,以糖耐量试验结果为金标准,比较血糖检验、尿糖检验以及联合检验对糖尿病的诊断效能。结果糖耐量试验结果显示,阳性68例,阴性37例。血糖与尿糖联合检验诊断出真阳性67例,真阴性36例,kappa=0.958。血糖与尿糖联合检验的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于单一血糖检验和单一尿糖检验,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者存在不同程度血糖、尿糖异常情况,临床采取血糖与尿糖联合检验可进一步提高诊断效能,为糖尿病的早诊断、早治疗提供可靠的数据支持。

孕前体重指数及孕期血糖水平对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇围产期结局的影响

目的:探讨孕前体重指数(BMI)及孕期血糖水平对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇围产期结局的影响。方法:选取2021年3月至2023年12月于黄河三门峡医院分娩的206例GDM孕妇,以孕前BMI为依据分为低BMI组(孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m2)、BMI正常组(18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<25.0 kg/m2)及超重肥胖组(BMI≥25.0 kg/m2),分别为23例、148例及35例;孕24~28周行葡萄糖耐量实验并记录血糖水平。记录各组孕妇及新生儿的妊娠结局。结果:空腹、服糖后1 h以及2 h血糖水平超重肥胖组>BMI正常组>低BMI组(P<0.05)。超重肥胖组孕妇剖宫产率和产后出血发生率明显高于其他两组(P<0.05)。超重肥胖组新生儿发生早产、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息的比例明显高于低BMI组和BMI正常组(P<0.05)。根据血糖控制情况分组,控制不良组孕妇的剖宫产率和产后出血比例明显高于控制理想组和对照组(P<0.05)。控制不良组巨大儿、早产、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息及产后出血发生率较控制理想组、对照组更高(P<0.05);而控制理想组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:孕前BMI高可对孕妇孕期血糖产生影响,是GDM孕妇围产结局的影响因素之一;有效控制GDM孕妇的血糖水平,可减少孕妇与新生儿的并发症,改善母婴妊娠结局。

糖尿病诊疗中血液生化检验的应用价值

目的探究血液生化检验在糖尿病诊疗中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月—2024年1月无锡锡山人民医院鹅湖分院收治的78例疑似糖尿病患者作为研究对象,以葡萄糖耐量试验结果为金标准,患者均接受常规尿液样本检验、血液生化检验,对不同检验方式检出情况、灵敏度、特异度及准确度进行比较。结果78例疑似糖尿病患者均接受糖化血红蛋白和餐后2 h血糖试验,结果提示52例糖尿病患者、26例非糖尿病患者;尿液检验结果提示48例糖尿病患者、30例非糖尿病患者;血液生化检验结果提示50例糖尿病患者、28例非糖尿病患者;血液生化检验与尿液检验结果对比,前者检验准确度(94.87%)、灵敏度(94.23%)、特异度(96.15%)均更高(χ^(2)=8.259、4.307、4.127,P均<0.05)。结论糖尿病诊疗中选择血液生化检验效果更佳,相较于尿液检验,前者检验准确度、特异度及灵敏度均更高,具有临床应用价值。

基于近红外光谱的无创血糖检测系统研究综述

在糖尿病的规范化管理中,系统的血糖监测具有重要意义。目前血糖检测的主要方法为有创及微创,患者长期监测血糖的依从性差。无创血糖检测可提高患者长期监测血糖的依从性,有利于减少糖尿病并发症及疾病进展。经济、高效且易操作的无创血糖检测技术成为研究的重点方向。介绍了基于近红外的无创血糖测量技术及其相关研究工作,同时讨论了目前近红外无创血糖检测临床应用的前景与挑战。

饮食干预对妊娠期糖尿病小鼠子代糖尿病易感性的影响

目的探究饮食干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)小鼠子代糖尿病易感性的影响。方法选取72只3周龄健康雌性小鼠,并将其随机均分成GDM组和低脂(LF)组。GDM组以饲喂高脂(HF)饲料建立GDM小鼠模型,LF组则饲喂LF饲料。两组小鼠的子代在3周龄断奶后进行饮食干预,分别饲喂HF饲料和LF饲料,并分为GDM HF(G-HF)组、GDM LF(G-LF)组、LF HF(L-HF)组、LF LF(L-LF)组。干预后测其体重、空腹血糖(FBG),并进行胰岛素耐受性试验(ITT)。结果HF饮食诱导建立的GDM小鼠模型成模率为33.33%,此模型发病过程与人类患GDM的病理生理发展过程较为相似。饮食干预到6周时,G-HF组的体重高于其他三组,且L-HF组体重高于L-LF组(P<0.05);饮食干预到12周时,G-HF组体重高于其他三组(P<0.05)。饮食干预到6周时,G-HF组的FBG水平高于G-LF组、L-LF组,L-HF组的FBG水平高于L-LF组(P<0.05);饮食干预到12周时,G-HF组的FBG水平高于其他三组,L-HF组的FBG水平高于L-LF组(P<0.05)。7周龄时,L-LF组对胰岛素的敏感性要高于G-HF组。结论GDM子代有明显的糖代谢紊乱及体重增加,且LF饮食可降低GDM子代患糖尿病的风险。

血糖与尿糖检验在糖尿病患者诊断中的应用价值对比

目的对比分析在糖尿病患者诊断中应用血糖与尿糖检验的价值。方法选择糖尿病患者80例,按挂号单双数字等量对照分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组选择尿糖检验方式,观察组选择血糖检验方式。比较两组检出阳性率、诊断满意度。结果与对照组的72.50%比较,观察组的检出阳性率92.50%明显更高(P<0.05)。与对照组的75.00%比较,观察组的诊断满意度95.00%显著更高(P<0.05)。结论在糖尿病患者诊断中血糖、尿糖两种诊断方法均比较有效,可应用于初步筛查,但进一步检查中尿糖检验存在漏诊现象,而血糖检验准确度更高。