Influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery on perioperative indicators, postoperative recovery, and serum inflammation in patients with colorectal carcinoma

BACKGROUND Conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery,the current standard treatment for colorectal carcinoma(CRC),has many disadvantages.AIM To assess the influence of reduced-port laparoscopic surgery(RPLS)on perioperative indicators,postoperative recovery,and serum inflammation indexes in patients with CRC.METHODS The study included 115 patients with CRC admitted between December 2019 and May 2023,52 of whom underwent conventional five-port laparoscopic surgery(control group)and 63 of whom underwent RPLS(research group).Comparative analyses were performed on the following dimensions:Perioperative indicators[operation time(OT),incision length,intraoperative blood loss(IBL),and rate of conversion to laparotomy],postoperative recovery(first postoperative exhaust,bowel movement and oral food intake,and bowel sound recovery time),serum inflammation indexes[high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(IL-6)],postoperative complications(anastomotic leakage,incisional infection,bleeding,ileus),and therapeutic efficacy.RESULTS The two groups had comparable OTs and IBL volumes.However,the research group had a smaller incision length;lower rates of conversion to laparotomy and postoperative total complication;and shorter time of first postoperative exhaust,bowel movement,oral food intake,and bowel sound recovery;all of which were significant.Furthermore,hs-CRP,IL-6,and TNF-αlevels in the research group were significantly lower than the baseline and those of the control group,and the total effective rate was higher.CONCLUSION RPLS exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in CRC,resulting in a shorter incision length and a lower conversion rate to laparotomy,while also promoting postoperative recovery,effectively inhibiting the inflammatory response,and reducing the risk of postoperative complications.

Effects of Fermented Puffed Feather Meal on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices,Meat Quality,and Intestinal Microbiota in Broilers

This study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented puffed feather meal(FPFM)on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,meat quality,and intestinal microbiota in Arbor Acres(AA)broilers.A single-factor design was adopted,and four treatments were administered with five replicates to 240 one-day-old AA broilers.The control group(group A)received a basal diet,while the experimental groups received a basal diet plus 33%(group B),67%(group C)and 100%(group D)FPFM,respectively.Compared with group A,(1)the average daily gain(ADG)in group C decreased(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio(FCR)in group D increased(P<0.05);(2)the level of serum urea nitrogen in treatment groups decreased(P<0.05),and the levels of triglyceride,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,cholesterol,and glucose contents in group D increased(P<0.05)at day 21;(3)the serum immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G in group B and the immunoglobulin A in group C increased(P<0.05)at day 21,and the serum immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G in group D decreased(P<0.05)at day 42;(4)the share force of breast muscle and thigh muscle in group D increased(P<0.05);(5)the villus height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum of group B increased(P<0.05)at day 21,and the villus height in group C and D increased(P<0.05)at day 42;(6)the proteobacteria counts in the cecum digesta in treatment groups decreased(P<0.05)at day 21.The basal diet supplemented with 33%FPFM promoted protein metabolism,enhanced immunity and improved meat quality,promoted the digestion and absorption of nutrients,increased intestinal microbial diversity,and improved the content of beneficial bacteria without affecting the growth performance,it was possible to be used as a good substitute for fish meal.

Effects of Dietary Concentrate to Forage Ratios on Production Performance and Serum Biochemical Indicators in Post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle

[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratios on production performance and serum bio-chemical indicators of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle.[Method]Sixteen Hainan Yellow Cattles with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(242.22 ±0.71 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments.Cattles were fed with diets of different concentrate to forage ratios(20:80, group Ⅰ;30:70, Group Ⅱ;40:60, group Ⅲ;50:50, group Ⅳ).The trial lasted 62 d.[Result]The daily gain in experimental group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in experimental group Ⅱ(P<0.05), but the feed gain ratio in experimental group Ⅳ was lower than those in other ex-perimental groups(P>0.05).The feed intake in experimental group Ⅳ was also markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).Compared with the experimental group Ⅱ, the gross profit of experimental group Ⅳ was significantly promoted(P<0.05).The alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in experimental group Ⅱ were markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ.[Conclusion]When the dietary concentrate to forage ratios was 50∶50, the production performance of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle was better.

Non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis

The evaluation and follow up of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis have been traditionally performed by liver biopsy. However, during the last 20 years, it has become evident that this "gold-standard" is imperfect; even according to its proponents, it is only "the best" among available methods. Attempts at uncovering non-invasive diagnostic tools have yielded multiple scores, formulae, and imaging modalities. All are better tolerated, safer, more acceptable to the patient, and can be repeated essentially as often as required. Most are much less expensive than liver biopsy. Consequently, their use is growing, and in some countries the number of biopsies performed, at least for routine evaluation of hepatitis B and C, has declined sharply. However, the accuracy and diagnostic value of most, if not all, of these methods remains controversial. In this review for the practicing physician, we analyze established and novel biomarkers and physical techniques. We may be witnessing in recent years the beginning of the end of the first phase for the development of non-invasive markers. Early evidence suggests that they might be at least as good as liver biopsy. Novel experimental markers and imaging techniques could produce a dramatic change in diagnosis in the near future.

Non-invasive diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the most common liver disease in the Western world.For many reasons,it isunderestimated and underdiagnosed.An early diagnosis is absolutely essential since it(1)helps to identify patients at genetic risk for ALD;(2)can trigger efficient abstinence namely in non-addicted patients;and(3)initiate screening programs to prevent life-threateningcomplications such as bleeding from varices,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or hepatocellular cancer.The two major end points of ALD are alcoholic liver cirrhosis and the rare and clinically-defined alcoholic hepatitis(AH).The prediction and early diagnosis of both entities is still insufficiently solved and usually relies on acombination of laboratory,clinical and imaging findings.It is not widely conceived that conventional screeningtools for ALD such as ultrasound imaging or routine laboratory testing can easily overlook ca.40%of manifest alcoholic liver cirrhosis.Non-invasive methods such as transient elastography(Fibroscan),acoustic radiation force impulse imaging or shear wave elastography have significantly improved the early diagnosis of alcoholiccirrhosis.Present algorithms allow either the exclusion or the exact definition of advanced fibrosis stages in ca.95%of patients.The correct interpretation of liver stiffness requires a timely abdominal ultrasound and actual transaminase levels.Other non-invasive methods such as controlled attenuation parameter,serum levels of M30 or M65,susceptometry or breath tests are under current evaluation to assess the degree of steatosis,apoptosis and iron overload in these patients.Liver biopsy still remains an important option to rule out comorbidities and to confirm the prognosis namely for patients with AH.

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten on Growth Performance, Cell Immunity and Serum Biochemical Indices of Weaned Piglets (Sus scrofa)

To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with hydrolyzed wheat gluten （HWG） on growth performance, cell immunity and serum biochemical indices of weaned piglets, 160 crossed （Large White×andrace） and weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 10 piglets each. The piglets in each treatment were fed an experimental diet containing either 0 g kg-1 HWG （control group）, 30 g kg-1 HWG （3% HWG group）, 50 g kg-1 HWG （5% HWG group）, or 2.5 g kg-1 glycyl-L-glutamine （0.25% Gly-Gln group）. The results showed that the diarrhea rates in 3% HWG and 5% HWG groups were significantly lower than in control group from d 1 to 14 （P〈0.05）, while the average daily gain （ADG） in each of two groups was increased （P〉0.05）. When compared with control group, dietary supplementation with 3% HWG increased the ratio of CD4＋：CD8＋ and the ratio of serum albumin and globulin concentrations （A：G） on d 14 and 28, as well as the proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes （P〉0.05） on d 28. In addition, on d 14 and 28, the A：G ratio in 5% HWG group was significantly higher than in control group （P〈0.05）, while the ratio of CD4＋：CD8＋ increased slightly （P〉0.05）. Interestingly, 0.25% Gly-Gln group had higher proportion of CD3＋ （P〉0.05） and CD4＋ （P〈0.05） on d 14 than control group, but growth performances of 0.25% Gly-Gln group were negatively affected at all experiment stages. These results suggested that HWG might improve the growth performance of piglets by strengthening cell immunity and decreasing the occurrence of diarrhea during the prophase after weaning.

Evolving strategies for liver fibrosis staging: Non-invasive assessment

Transient elastography and the acoustic radiation force impulse techniques may play a pivotal role in the study of liver fibrosis. Some studies have shown that elastography can detect both the progression and regression of fibrosis. Similarly, research results have been analysed and direct and indirect serum markers of hepatic fibrosis have shown high diagnostic accuracy for advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. The prognosis of different stages of cirrhosis is well established and various staging systems have been proposed, largely based on clinical data. However, it is still unknown if either noninvasive markers of liver fibrosis or elastography may contribute to a more accurate staging of liver cirrhosis, in terms of prognosis and fibrosis regression after effective therapy. In fact, not enough studies have shown both the fibrosis regression in different cirrhosis stages and the point beyond which the prognosis does not change- even in the event of fibrosis regression. Therefore, future studies are needed to validate noninvasive methods in predicting the different phases of liver cirrhosis.

Study on Growth,Serum Biochemical and Antioxidant Enzyme Indices of Juvenile Siganus guttatus Fed with Enteromorpha prolifra and Artificial Feed

In order to provide reference for using Sigartus guttatus to control overgrowth of Ertteromorpha prolifra, the growth, serum biochemical and antioxidant enzyme indices of juvenile S. guttatus respectively fed with E. prolifra and artificial feed were studied. One hundred and eighty individuals were cultivated for 90 days in six 2.5 m × 1.5 m × 1.5 m cages （30 ind. per cage） which mesh size were 0.5 mm. The experimental animals were divided into two dietary groups （ three cages for each group） that were fed with E. prolifra and artificial feed respectively. During the culture period, temperatures ranged from 23.0 to 26.5℃, pH was between 7.8 and 8.2, dissolved oxygen was more than 5.0 mg/L. The weight gain rate, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, hepato-somatic index of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were significantly lowe than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05）. The total protein （TP）, urea nitrogen （UN） and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. Prolifra were significantly higher than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈0.05）, while glutamic oxalacetie transaminase （AST/GOT） and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （ALT/GPT） of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were significantly lower than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05 ）. SOD, GPX and anti-superoxide anion radical activity in liver, kidney, gill and muscle of juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra were higher than that fed with artificial feed, and these antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney of juvenile S. gtatatus fed with E. prolifra was significantly higher than that fed with artificial feed （P 〈 0.05）, while CAT and hydroxyl radical-inhibiting activity in liver of juvenile S. guttatus fed with arti- ficial feed were significantly higher than that fed with E. prolifra （P 〈 0.05 ）. Juvenile S. guttatus fed with E. prolifra showed poor growth performance but better antioxidant defense system. S. guttatus is easily raised and has stronger ability of digestion and absorption of E. Prolifra. The technique that uses S. gtatatus to control E. prolifra deserves deeply study.

Relationship of the preoperative NRS 2002 score,PG-SGA score,and serum indices with postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer

Objective To examine the utility of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS 2002),Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)and serum factors for the preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer patients.Methods We examined 181 gastric cancer patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2015 to January 2018.Nutritional assessments were administered within 48 h of admission.The body mass index(BMI)and serum factors were measured,and information on preoperative nutritional support and postoperative complications was recorded.Results Both the NRS 2002 and PG-SGA had positive correlations with age(P<0.05),and negative correlations with albumin,prealbumin,transferrin,hemoglobin,BMI,and bodyweight(P<0.05).The NRS 2002 and PG-SGA scores were positively correlated with each other(r=0.683,P<0.01),but had poor consistency(κ=0.357,P<0.01).During the preoperative period,33.2%of patients received nutritional support,mainly enteral nutrition.The nutritional risk group(NRS 2002≥3)received more support than the group without nutritional risk(NRS 2002<3;P<0.05).Patients with nutritional risk or malnutrition who received preoperative nutritional support had fewer postoperative complications than unsupported patients.The overall rate of complications was 12.2%,and the rate of severe complications(gradeⅢor above)was 5.5%.The malnutrition and nutritional risk groups had higher rates of severe complications.Conclusions The combined application of the NRS 2002,PG-SGA,BMI,and serum nutritional indices was useful for the nutritional screening and assessment of preoperative gastric cancer patients.The NRS 2002 and PG-SGA provided guidance on the need for nutritional support during the preoperative period.

Molecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosoma vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum Metabolites in Extensively Managed Goats in the Tropics

Trypanosomosis remains a major challenge to livestock production in much of tropical Sub-Saharan Africa, while diagnosis and treatment still depend on inefficient parasitological techniques. Endemic infections depend on animal reservoirs with subclinical parasitemia. We report molecular diagnosis of subclinical Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax) infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the first time in Nigerian goats and associate parasite presence with gross physiological traits and serum metabolites in extensively managed Nigerian goats. PCR was used to amplify a 400 bp DNA fragment of the parasite genome in 205 goats across three geographical zones of the country. Results showed a high subclinical infection rate (SCIR) of 71.7% in the total goats examined. Overall SCIRs of 71%, 75.9% and 55.6% were recorded in West African Dwarf, Red Sokoto and Sahel goats respectively, while geographical SCIRs were 71.2% (Southwest), 75% (Northwest) and 70% (Northeast). T. vivax presence had significant (P 0.05) effect on respiratory rate and is associated with higher creatinine levels in sera. Logistic regression analyses with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit showed that respiratory rate is the most important predictive trait for the presence of T. vivax infection (P 0.05). Goats appear to be a viable reservoir for T. vivax infection of other livestock. Molecular diagnosis of subclinical trypanosomosis using PCR could be useful for large scale epidemiological studies, early diagnosis of subclinical infection and treatment of the disease in extensively managed tropical goats.

A Retrospective Analysis of Three Non-Invasive Tests for Initial Diagnosis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection in Children

Proper diagnosis in the pediatric population is required to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and prevent gastric cancer. Our aim was to assess the performance of non-invasive tests to diagnose H. pylori infection in pediatric patients. A retrospective analysis was performed on 141 pediatric patients requiring endoscopic evaluation and diagnostic tests for H. pylori infection to define the cause of abdominal symptoms. Non-invasive tests included the 13C-urea breath test (UBT), a monoclonal stool antigen test using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (mSAT), and a serum immunoglobulin G antibody test using antigens derived from Japanese individuals (S-Ab). This study investigated sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios for a positive and a negative test (LR+ and LR-), and accuracy of non-invasive tests, in comparison with invasive tests. Eighty two of 141 patients (58%) were recognized as H. pylori positive by invasive methods. When UBT, mSAT or S-Ab were analyzed, all were found to be effective over 94% accurate. Specificity ranged between 86.7% and 95.8%, and sensitivity ranged between 93.8% and 97.1%. When subjects were stratified into three distinct age groups, the best performance was achieved for 1-6 years old with mSAT at 100% for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. S-Ab yielded the best results for children 7-12 years old and the UBT test performed best for 13-18 years old. These results demonstrate the utility of UBT, mSAT, and S-Ab non-invasive tests in diagnosing H. pylori but suggest that certain tests may be optimal for children of distinct ages. Three non-invasive tests, UBT, mSAT and S-Ab showed sufficient sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the initial diagnosis of H. pylori infection among pediatric patients. Non-invasive tests may contribute to achieving minimum invasive diagnosis with combining with a histological test and a culture test in children.

饲粮发酵啤酒糟水平对闽东山羊生长性能、消化代谢、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮发酵啤酒糟水平对闽东山羊生长性能、消化代谢、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵的影响,为发酵啤酒糟在舍饲闽东山羊的科学利用提供参考。选择体重[(20.89±1.21)kg]相近的8月龄闽东山羊公羊24只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组饲粮中发酵啤酒糟水平分别为0、12%、24%和36%,各组饲粮营养水平一致。预试期10 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的干物质采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组和试验Ⅰ组的总能表观消化率显著高于试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。对照组的进食氮显著低于试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。2)试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的血清总蛋白含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃pH显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃丁酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4)在门水平上,试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度显著高于试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)相对丰度显著高于试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)相对丰度显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃肠单胞菌属(Intestinimonas)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加发酵啤酒糟可提高闽东山羊的干物质采食量和ADF表观消化率,在一定程度上提升瘤胃纤维素降解微生物的相对丰度,改善瘤胃发酵环境,且对闽东山羊的生长和机体代谢无负面影响。从本试验结果来看,饲粮发酵啤酒糟水平在12%~24%时饲喂效果最佳。

中药渣发酵饲料对荣昌猪生长性能、腹泻率、血清生化指标和免疫指标的影响

试验研究了中药渣发酵饲料对荣昌猪生长性能、腹泻率、血清免疫指标和生化指标的影响。选择30只2月龄体重相近[(22.6±1.9)kg]且健康的荣昌猪作为试验对象,将其随机分为2组,每组15只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加20%的补中益气散药渣发酵饲料,试验期为60 d。在试验期间监测荣昌猪生长性能与腹泻率,在试验结束后,采集其血清,检测血清免疫指标和生化指标。试验结果显示:与对照组相比,中药渣发酵饲料组的荣昌猪总增重量显著升高,料重比与腹泻率明显下降(P<0.05);中药渣发酵饲料显著增加了荣昌猪的球蛋白(GLB)与总蛋白(TP)水平,降低尿素氮(BUN)、总胆固醇(TG)、三酰甘油(TC)含量(P<0.05),同时增加血清中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA与IgM水平,降低血清中的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)浓度(P<0.05)。研究表明,中药渣发酵饲料可提高荣昌猪的生长性能,增强免疫功能,改善荣昌猪的机体健康。

投喂水平和投喂频率对多纹钱鲽鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标、肝脏和肠道组织消化酶的影响

为研究投喂频率和投喂水平对多纹钱鲽鱼(Selenotoca multifasciata)幼鱼生长、血清生理生化指标、消化酶和肝脏蛋白质代谢相关酶的影响,在流水养殖模式下,分别进行投喂频率和投喂水平实验,以确定适宜投喂策略。投喂频率实验,为表观饱食投喂,设1、2、3、4次·d^(-1)共4个投喂频率组,分别记为F1、F2、F3、F4组;投喂水平实验采用2次·d^(-1)的投喂频率,设饱食投喂和体质量的4%、6%、8%共4个投喂水平,分别记为G1、G2、G3、G4组。进行60 d养殖实验。结果显示:1)血清生理生化指标:总蛋白、白蛋白含量均在F2组最高,其余各组含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。血糖和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量在高投喂频率组较高。G1组总蛋白和白蛋白含量最高(P<0.05)。甘油三酯含量G2组显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。低密度脂蛋白G1组含量显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性在G1组显著升高(P<0.05)。碱性磷酸酶G2组含量显著升高(P<0.05)。2)消化酶:肝脏胃蛋白酶活性F3、F1组显著高于F2、F4组(P<0.05);肝脏胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性在F3组显著升高(P<0.05);肝脏脂肪酶活性在F4组显著降低(P<0.05)。肠道胃蛋白酶活性F1组显著低于F4组(P<0.05),其余各组差异不显著(P>0.05);肠道脂肪酶活性,F4组最低,F1、F2、F3组肠道脂肪酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05);肠道淀粉酶活性F3组显著升高(P<0.05)。G3和G4组肝脏淀粉酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。G1组肠道胃蛋白酶显著高于G2组(P<0.05),G1、G3、G4组各组间胃蛋白酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05);G1组肠道脂肪酶活性最高;G2组肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。3):F1组肝脏谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于F4组(P<0.05),F4组肝脏谷丙转氨酶活性最低;投喂频率对肝脏谷草转氨酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。G1组肝脏谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著高于G2组、G3组和G4组(P<0.05),其余各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)生长:终末湿体质量、增重率和特定生长率且均在F2组取得最高;终末湿体质量、增重率和特定生长率G1和G4组显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。在本实验条件下,从生长性能来看,多纹钱鲽鱼幼鱼适宜投喂频率为2次·d^(-1),投喂水平饱食投喂较好。

神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡10~18周龄血脂代谢规律研究

试验旨在研究神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡10~18周龄血脂代谢情况。试验以神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡10周龄商品代鸡为素材,以海兰褐蛋鸡为对照,饲养至18周龄,每周采血测量血清中脂质代谢相关生化指标,并进行差异分析和相关性分析。结果显示,随着周龄增长,神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量整体降低,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量先降低,之后保持不变,甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、极低密度脂蛋白y(VLDLy)和卵黄蛋白原(VTG)含量基本保持不变。与海兰褐蛋鸡相比,神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡血清FFA含量明显较低,其他指标含量则与海兰褐基本相当。10周龄与18周龄比较分析结果显示,脂代谢指标中仅FFA在神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡中极显著差异,腹脂率和肝脏指数仅在神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡中显著差异。神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡血清FFA含量与TG、VLDLy显著负相关;HDL含量与LDL负相关,但并不显著。综合分析表明,神丹6号绿壳蛋鸡10~18周龄血脂代谢水平稳定,血脂代谢比高产蛋鸡慢。

不同饲喂方式对早期断奶“茶卡羊”羔羊生长性能、养殖收益及血清生化指标的影响

【目的】探究早期断奶后不同饲喂方式对舍饲羔羊生长性能、养殖收益及血清生化指标的影响。【方法】选取体重(5.94±0.34)kg、日龄(20±1)相近的健康茶卡羊公羔40只,用耳标标记,随机分为早期断奶组(A、B、C组)和随母哺乳组(D组,对照),每组10只。早期断奶组羔羊于21日龄开始断奶并用代乳粉替代饲喂至60日龄后进行不同日粮组合饲喂,即A组:开食料+燕麦青干草+玉米青贮;B组:开食料+燕麦青干草;C组:开食料+玉米青贮,饲喂时间为65 d。D组羔羊随母哺乳至试验结束。【结果】生长性能方面,A组羔羊增质量(16.43 kg)、平均日增重(156.48 g/d)、增重比例(362.32%)及饲料转化效率(4.28)显著高于其它各处理组(P<0.05,下同),B组和C组无显著差异(P>0.05,下同)。养殖收益方面,随母哺乳组羔羊收益最低(171.16元/只),断奶后A组饲喂方式显著提高羔羊养殖收益,为217.35元/只。不同饲喂方式显著影响羔羊血清部分激素、氮代谢及免疫功能;激素方面,生长激素(GH)、胰岛素生长因子(IGF-1)和胃泌素含量A组显著高于其它各处理组;氮代谢方面,A组显著提升羔羊氮代谢能力,主要表现为较低的尿素氮(7.12 mmol/L)和尿酸含量(122.25μmol/L);免疫功能方面,免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量在A组显著高于其它处理组。免疫球蛋白M(IgM)在各处理组间无显著差异。【结论】茶卡羊羔羊早期断奶后采用开食料、玉米青贮和燕麦青干草混合饲喂方式有利于其生长性能、养殖收益及机体各功能的发挥。农牧民应树立羔羊早期断奶观念,在早期断奶后通过科学的饲喂管理提升羔羊养殖水平,以期获得良好的生长性能及养殖收益。

苏禽6号蛋鸡产蛋期血清脂质代谢规律研究

旨在研究苏禽6号蛋鸡产蛋期血脂代谢情况,为该配套系的产蛋期饲养管理和营养调控提供理论依据。以苏禽6号蛋鸡19周龄商品代鸡为试验组,海兰褐蛋鸡为对照组,饲养至60周龄,产蛋前期(19~28周)每周采血,产蛋高峰期(29~40周)间隔2周采血,产蛋后期(41~60周)间隔4周采血,测量血清中脂质代谢相关生化指标,并进行差异分析和相关性分析。结果:随着周龄增长,苏禽6号蛋鸡血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量维持至产蛋高峰期28周龄后明显下降(P<0.05),高峰期后TG和LDL含量无明显变化(P>0.05);高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量整体呈下降趋势,其中30、38周龄极显著降低(P<0.01)。与海兰褐蛋鸡相比,苏禽6号蛋鸡血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量28周龄前明显较低(P<0.05),之后无显著差异(P>0.05),TC和LDL含量则30周龄前无明显差异(P>0.05),之后明显降低(P<0.05)。产蛋前期、高峰期与后期比较显示,苏禽6号蛋鸡在产蛋高峰期其脂代谢指标中TG、FFA和LDL含量显著高于前期和后期(P<0.05),HDL和卵黄蛋白原(VTG)均是前期显著高于高峰期和后期(P<0.05)。苏禽6号蛋鸡血清各脂代谢指标间存在较多显著正相关(P<0.05),如TG、TC与FFA三者间(P<0.01),TC、HDL与VTG三者间(P<0.01),LDL、VTG与腹脂率三者间(P<0.05),仅FFA与极低密度脂蛋白y(VLDLy)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。综合分析表明,苏禽6号蛋鸡产蛋期血脂代谢稳定,与高产蛋鸡海兰褐蛋鸡相比产蛋前期一致,产蛋后期下降较快。

苏禽6号蛋鸡早期血脂代谢规律研究

旨在研究苏禽6号蛋鸡早期血脂代谢情况,为该配套系的早期饲养管理和营养调控提供理论依据。以苏禽6号蛋鸡10周龄商品代鸡为试验组,海兰褐蛋鸡为对照组,饲养至18周龄,每周采血测量血清中脂质代谢相关生化指标并进行差异分析和相关性分析。结果显示:随着周龄增加,苏禽6号蛋鸡腹脂率前期不变,后期升高;肝脏指数前期降低,后期不变;血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量整体降低,总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量波动变化,卵黄蛋白原(VTG)含量先降低后基本保持不变。与海兰褐蛋鸡相比,苏禽6号蛋鸡腹脂率、血清甘油三酯(TG)含量整体较高,TC含量时高时低,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量则较低,而VTG含量前期基本一致,后期则明显较低。前期与后期比较分析结果显示,脂代谢指标中仅FFA含量在苏禽6号蛋鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡中均差异显著(P<0.05),腹脂率和肝脏指数仅在苏禽6号蛋鸡中差异显著(P<0.05)。苏禽6号蛋鸡血清TG含量与极低密度脂蛋白y(VLDLy)、腹脂率极显著正相关(P<0.01),与FFA显著负相关(P<0.05);TC、HDL和LDL三者之间均极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综合分析表明,苏禽6号蛋鸡早期血脂代谢稳定并且比高产蛋鸡慢。

复合益生菌对幼犬生长性能及血清免疫指标的影响

文章旨在研究复合益生菌(Compound Probiotics,CP)对幼犬生长性能及血清免疫指标的影响。试验选取60只10周龄体重相近的泰迪幼犬,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只。各组幼犬分别饲喂基础日粮+0、0.5、1.0、1.5 g/d的复合益生菌干粉,并记为CP 0组、CP 0.5组、CP 1.0组、CP 1.5组,试验为期4周。结果表明:(1)与CP0组相比,CP 1.0组幼犬的末重、平均日增重显著提高5.00%、12.55%(P<0.05),CP 0.5组、CP 1.0组、CP 1.5组幼犬的腹泻率均显著降低(P<0.05),且CP 1.0组、CP 1.5组幼犬的腹泻率显著低于CP 0.5组(P<0.05)。(2)与CP0组相比,CP 1.0组幼犬血清中IgA含量显著提高(P<0.05),CP 1.5组幼犬血清中IgA、IgG、IgM含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。(3)与CP0组相比,CP 1.5组幼犬血清中TNF-α含量显著降低(P<0.05),CP 1.0组、CP 1.5组幼犬血清中IL-10含量显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:基础日粮添加复合益生菌能促进幼犬生长发育,降低腹泻率,改善血清免疫指标,当复合益生菌的添加水平为1.0 g/d时,幼犬的生长性能最佳;当复合益生菌的添加水平为1.5 g/d时,幼犬的血清免疫指标最佳。

不同水平益生菌对犬生长性能、养分表观消化率和免疫指标的影响

文章旨在探究不同水平益生菌对犬生长性能、养分表观消化率和免疫指标的影响。试验将健康状况良好、体重相近的4月龄比格犬随机分为4组,每组6个重复(雌雄对半),每个重复1只。试验日粮分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.05、0.1%和0.2%的复合益生菌,试验为期64?d。试验结果表明,在所有犬只初始体重一致的前提下(P> 0.05),日粮添加0.2%的复合益生菌可显著降低比格犬4.5%的料重比(P <0.05);日粮添加不同益生菌水平对比格犬终末体重、平均日增重、平均日增重均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。日粮添加0.2%的复合益生菌可显著提高比格犬的干物质和粗脂肪表观消化率(P <0.05);日粮添加0.1%和0.2%的复合益生菌可显著提高比格犬的粗蛋白表观消化率(P <0.05);日粮添加0.1%的复合益生菌显著提高比格犬的能量消化率(P <0.05);此外,日粮添加不同益生菌水平对比格犬淀粉表观消化率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。日粮添加0.2%的复合益生菌可显著降低比格犬血清IL-6含量(P <0.05);日粮添加0.1%和0.2%的复合益生菌可显著降低比格犬血清IL-10含量(P <0.05);日粮添加0.05%~0.2%复合益生菌显著降低比格犬血清TNF-α含量(P <0.05)。此外,日粮添加复合益生菌对比格犬血清IgA、IgM、IgG以及IL-1β含量均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。总之,在本试验条件下,比格犬日粮中复合益生菌最适添加量为0.2%。