Application of fiberoptic bronchscopy in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive mechanical ventilation

BACKGROUND:Early withdrawal of invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV) followed by noninvasive MV(NIMV) is a new strategy for changing modes of treatment in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) with acute respiratory failure(ARF).Using pulmonary infection control window(PIC window) as the switch point for transferring from invasive to noninvasive MV,the time for early extubation can be more accurately judged,and therapy efficacy can be improved.This study aimed to prospectively investigate the clinical effectiveness of fiberoptic bronchscopy(FOB) in patients with AECOPD during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive MV.METHODS:Since July 2006 to January 2011,106 AECOPD patients with ARF were treated with comprehensive medication and IMV after hospitalization.Patients were randomly divided into two groups according to whether fiberoptic bronchoscope is used(group A,n=54) or not(group B,n=52) during sequential weaning from invasive to noninvasive MV.In group A,for sputum suction and bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL),a fiberoptic bronchoscope was put into the airway from the outside of an endotracheal tube,which was accompanied with uninterrupted use of a ventilator.After achieving PIC window,patients of both groups changed to NIMV mode,and weaned from ventilation.The following listed indices were used to compare between the groups after treatment:1) the occurrence time of PIC,the duration of MV,the length of ICU stay,the success rate of weaning from MV for the first time,the rate of reventilatJon and the occurrence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP);2) the convenience and safety of FOB manipulation.The results were compared using Student's f test and the Chi-square test.RESULTS:The occurrence time of PIC was(5.01 ±1.49) d,(5.87±1.87) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.05);the duration of MV was(6.98±1.84) d,(8.69±2.41) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the length of ICU stay was(9.25±1.84) d,(11.10±2.63) d in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the success rate of weaning for the first time was 96.30%,76.92%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01);the rate of reventilation was 5.56%,19.23%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.05);and the occurrence rate of VAP was 3.70%,23.07%in groups A and B,respectively(P<0.01).Moreover,it was easy and safe to manipulate FOB,and no side effect was observed.CONCLUSIONS:The application of FOB in patients with AECOPD during sequential weaning of invasive-noninvasive MV is effective in ICU.It can decrease the duration of MV and the length of ICU stay,increase the success rate from weaning MV for the first time,reduce the rate of reventilation and the occurrence rate of VAP.In addition,such a method is convenient and safe in patients of this kind.

Sequential invasive-noninvasive mechanical ventilation weaning strategy for patients after tracheostomy

BACKGROUND: Because the continuity and integrity of the trachea are likely damaged to some extent after tracheostomy, the implementation of sequential ventilation has certain difficulties, and sequential invasive-noninvasive ventilation on patients after tracheostomy is less common in practice. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of invasive-noninvasive sequential weaning strategy in patients after tracheostomy.METHODS: Fifty patients including 24 patients with withdrawal of mechanical ventilation(conventional group) and 26 patients with sequential invasive-noninvasive weaning by directly plugging of tracheostomy(sequential group) were analyzed retrospectively after appearance of pulmonary infection control(PIC) window. The analysis of arterial blood gases, ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) incidence, the total duration of mechanical ventilation, the success rate of weaning and total cost of hospitalization were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: Arterial blood gas analysis showed that the sequential weaning group was better than the conventional weaning group 1 and 24 hours after invasive ventilation. The VAP incidence was lowered, the duration of mechanical ventilation shortened, the success rate of weaning increased, and the total cost of hospitalization decreased.CONCLUSION: Sequential invasive-noninvasive ventilator weaning is feasible in patients after tracheostomy.

Effect of sequential assist-control ventilation on cardio-pulmonary function and systemic inflammatory state of chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated with respiratory failure patients

Objective:To discuss the effect of sequential assist-control ventilation on cardio-pulmonary function and systemic inflammatory state of chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated with respiratory failure patients.Method: A total of 90 cases of chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated with respiratory failure patients, who were treated in our hospital between May, 2012 and Feb., 2016, were selected, and were divided into study group (n=45) and control group (n=45) based on random number table. Patients in control group were given auxiliary - control ventilation. (A/C) treatment during the whole course, while patients in study group were given A/C+BiPAP treatment. Cardio-pulmonary function and serum inflammatory factor content difference was compared inboth groups before and after operation.Results: Before treatment, difference ofcardiac function indicator, ABG level and inflammatory factor content in both groups had no statistical significance. After treatment, cardiac function indicator (PASP, RVd) levels in both groups were lower than before treatment, and EFRV levels were higher than before treatment, and changes in study group were more obvious than that in control group;ABG indicator (PaO2) levels in both groups were higher than before treatment, and PaCO2 levels werelower than before treatment, and changes in study group were more obvious than that in control group;serum inflammatory factor (hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α) content in both groups was lower than before treatment, and changes in study group were more obvious than that in control group.Conclusion: sequential assist-control ventilation could optimize the cardio-pulmonary function of chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated with respiratory failure patients and reduce the systemic inflammatory response.

Effect of sequential mechanical ventilation on cardiac function, endothelial injury and oxidative stress response in patients with cor pulmonale

Objective: To study the effect of sequential mechanical ventilation on cardiac function, endothelial injury and oxidative stress response in patients with cor pulmonale (CCP). Methods: Patients with cor pulmonale complicated by respiratory failure who were treated in Dongfeng People's Hospital between May 2014 and February 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the sequential group who received sequential mechanical ventilation combined with conventional therapy and the control group who received invasive positive pressure ventilation combined with conventional therapy. The serum levels of cardiac function-related neurohumoral indicators, endothelial injury indicators and oxidative stress response indicators were detected before treatment as well as 3 d and 7 d after treatment. Results: 3 d and 7 d after treatment, serum NT-proBNP, Copeptin, Ang-II, ALD, ET-1, vWF, sST2 levels of both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment while NO, SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly higher than those before treatment;serum NT-proBNP, Copeptin, Ang-II, ALD, ET-1, vWF, sST2, NO, 8-iso-PGF2a, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels of sequential group 3 d after treatment were not significantly different from those of control group;serum NT-proBNP, Copeptin, Ang-II, ALDET-1, vWF, sST2, 8-iso-PGF2a and MDA levels of sequential group 7 d after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group while NO, SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC levels were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Sequential mechanical ventilation for cor pulmonale can improve the cardiac function and reduce the degree of endothelial injury and oxidative stress response.

Two mechanically ventilated cases of COVID-19 successfully managed with a sequential ventilation weaning protocol: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Patients with critical coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),characterized by respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation(MV),are at high risk of mortality.An effective and practical MV weaning protocol is needed for these fragile cases.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present two critical COVID-19 patients who presented with fever,cough and fatigue.COVID-19 diagnosis was confirmed based on blood cell counts,chest computed tomography(CT)imaging,and nuclei acid test results.To address the patients’respiratory failure,they first received noninvasive ventilation(NIV).When their condition did not improve after 2 h of NIV,each patient was advanced to MV[tidal volume(Vt),6 mL/kg ideal body weight(IBW);8-10 cmH2 O of positive end-expiratory pressure;respiratory rate,20 breaths/min;and 40%-80%FiO2]with prone positioning for 12 h/day for the first 5 d of MV.Extensive infection control measures were conducted to minimize morbidity,and pharmacotherapy consisting of an antiviral,immune-enhancer,and thrombosis prophylactic was administered in both cases.Upon resolution of lung changes evidenced by CT,the patients were sequentially weaned using a weaning screening test,spontaneous breathing test,and airbag leak test.After withdrawal of MV,the patients were transitioned through NIV and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen support.Both patients recovered well.CONCLUSION A MV protocol attentive to intubation/extubation timing,prone positioning early in MV,infection control,and sequential withdrawal of respiratory support,may be an effective regimen for patients with critical COVID-19.

Sequential treatment of severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and its influence on respiratory mechanical parameters and hemodynamics

BACKGROUND The pathophysiological characteristics of severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure comprise pulmonary parenchymal changes leading to ventilation imbalance,alveolar capillary injury,pulmonary edema,refractory hypoxemia,and reduced lung compliance.Prolonged hypoxia can cause acid-base balance disorder,peripheral circulatory failure,blood-pressure reduction,arrhythmia,and other adverse consequences.AIM To investigate sequential mechanical ventilation’s effect on severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.METHODS We selected 108 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure who underwent mechanical ventilation between January 2018 and September 2020 at the Luhe Hospital’s Intensive Care Unit and divided them into sequential and regular groups according to a randomized trial,with each group comprising 54 patients.The sequential group received invasive and non-invasive sequential mechanical ventilation,whereas the regular group received invasive mechanical ventilation.Blood-gas parameters,hemodynamic parameters,respiratory mechanical parameters,inflammatory factors,and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups before and after mechanical-ventilation treatment.RESULTS The arterial oxygen partial pressure and stroke volume variation values of the sequential group at 24,48,and 72 h of treatment were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The carbon dioxide partial pressure value of the sequential group at 72 h of treatment and the Raw value of the treatment group at 24 and 48 h were lower than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The pH value of the sequential group at 24 and 72 h of treatment,the central venous pressure value of the treatment at 24 h,and the Cst value of the treatment at 24 and 48 h were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The tidal volume in the sequential group at 24 h of treatment was higher than that in the conventional group(P<0.05),the measured values of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αin the sequential group at 72 h of treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05),and the total time of mechanical ventilation in the sequential group was shorter than that in the conventional group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Treating severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure with sequential mechanical ventilation is more effective in improving respiratory system compliance,reducing inflammatory response,maintaining hemodynamic stability,and improving patient blood-gas levels;however,from this study’s perspective,it cannot reduce patient mortality.

序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响

目的探讨序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第967医院收治的78例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组与研究组,每组39例。对照组行常规有创机械通气,研究组行序贯机械通气,比较两组机械通气治疗相关指标、住院时间、血气指标、炎症因子水平、心肌损伤指标、血流动力学指标及并发症发生情况。结果研究组有创通气时间、机械通气总时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、碳酸氢根(HCO3-)水平均高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组氨基末端脑钠尿肽(NT-proBNP)水平及研究组肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平均低于治疗前,对照组cTnI水平高于治疗前,且研究组cTnI、NT-proBNP水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)均慢于治疗前,收缩压(SBP)均低于治疗前,且研究组HR、RR均慢于对照组,SBP低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭疗效显著,可缩短住院时间,有效改善患者炎症反应、心肌损伤指标及血流动力学指标,且安全性较高。

有创-无创序贯机械通气用于重症呼吸衰竭中的效果研究

目的探究对重症呼吸衰竭患者实施有创-无创序贯机械通气的效果。方法86例重症呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组及观察组,每组43例。对照组实施传统有创机械通气治疗,观察组实施有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后的血气分析指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气峰流速(PEF)]水平,治疗时间(有创通气时间、总机械通气时间)和住院时间,治疗后的应激反应指标[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)]、生命体征(心率、呼吸频率),撤机成功率、再次插管率、呼吸机相关肺炎发生率。结果两组患者治疗后的PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于本组治疗前,PaCO_(2)低于本组治疗前,且观察组的PaO_(2)(73.03±5.35)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、SaO_(2)(92.46±4.60)%高于对照组的(66.24±4.97)mm Hg、(85.18±3.79)%,PaCO_(2)(41.09±0.54)mm Hg低于对照组的(44.98±0.63)mm Hg(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后的FEV1、FVC、PEF高于本组治疗前,且观察组的FEV1(3.21±0.34)L、FVC(3.89±0.29)L、PEF(3.35±0.60)L/s高于对照组的(2.29±0.24)L、(2.74±0.21)L、(2.90±0.71)L/s(P<0.05)。观察组有创通气时间、总机械通气时间、住院时间分别为(6.07±1.21)、(8.70±1.53)、(12.33±1.82)d,比对照组的(11.46±1.77)、(11.46±1.77)、(18.64±2.35)d更短(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后应激反应指标NE、E、ATⅡ水平分别为(122.80±17.92)ng/ml、(94.52±8.52)ng/ml、(31.05±2.98)pg/ml,比对照组的(209.59±21.06)ng/ml、(164.45±11.67)ng/ml、(55.69±4.13)pg/ml更低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后心率为(88.21±4.87)次/min、呼吸频率为(15.98±0.81)次/min,低于对照组的(95.70±6.13)、(19.59±1.25)次/min(P<0.05)。观察组撤机成功率93.02%(40/43)高于对照组的72.09%(31/43),再次插管率2.33%(1/43)、呼吸机相关肺炎发生率4.65%(2/43)低于对照组的18.60%(8/43)、20.93%(9/43)(P<0.05)。结论在重症呼吸衰竭患者治疗中,行有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗疗效确切,有助于加快患者病情康复速度,促进患者血气分析指标、肺功能改善,减轻患者应激反应,提升撤机成功率,降低呼吸机相关肺炎发生风险,推广可行性较高。

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗老年重症肺炎患者的效果

目的:观察有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗老年重症肺炎患者的效果。方法:选取2022年3月至2023年5月该院收治的80例老年重症肺炎患者进行前瞻性研究,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组各40例。对照组采用有创机械通气治疗,观察组采用有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。比较两组治疗前后肺通气指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气流量峰值(PEF)、FEV1/FVC、平均肺动脉压(mPVP)]水平、血气分析指标[动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、pH值]水平,呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)发生率和1次拔管成功率。结果:治疗后,两组FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PEF水平均高于治疗前,观察组高于对照组,两组mPVP水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组pH值及PaO_(2)水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,两组PaCO_(2)水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组VAP发生率低于对照组,1次拔管成功率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗老年重症肺炎患者,能够有效改善肺通气指标和血气分析指标水平,降低VAP发生率,提高1次拔管成功率,其效果优于有创机械通气治疗。

机械通气撤离序贯治疗中应用HFNC对重症肺炎患者的临床效果

目的探讨机械通气撤离序贯治疗中应用经鼻高流量湿化氧疗(High flow nasal cannula,HFNC)对重症肺炎患者的临床效果,并分析该方案对患者撤离24 h后痰液湿化与动脉血氧分压的影响。方法选取2019年1月-2022年12月118例上海健康医学院附属崇明医院收治的重症肺炎患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各59例,对照组患者接受无创正压通气,试验组患者接受HFNC,比较两组患者临床指标(总机械通气时间、住院时间)、撤离24 h后痰液湿化效果、痰液黏稠度、血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))]、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、生命体征(呼吸频率、心率)、再插管率、不良反应发生情况。结果试验组患者总机械通气时间和住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组湿化满意率(81.36%)较对照组(49.15%)高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组中痰液黏稠度Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度患者分别为31例(52.54%)、24例(40.68%)和4例(6.78%),与对照组患者痰液黏稠度之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者PaO_(2)均上升,PaCO_(2)均下降,且试验组PaO_(2)显著高于对照组,PaCO_(2)显著低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者呼吸频率和心率均下降,且试验组呼吸频率和心率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组患者再插管率(3.39%)较对照组(18.64%)低,不良反应发生率(8.47%)较对照组(32.20%)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在机械通气撤离序贯治疗中给予重症肺炎患者HFNC治疗能促进患者恢复,改善患者撤机后24 h的痰液湿化效果、痰液黏稠度、患者血氧状态和生命体征,降低不良反应发生率和再插管率。

无创序贯机械通气治疗ICU重症COPD合并呼吸衰竭的临床效果

目的浅析重症加强护理病房(ICU)重症慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者应用无创序贯机械通气治疗的临床效果。方法78例ICU重症COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者,根据掷硬币法分为参照组及试验组,每组39例。参照组患者进行有创机械通气治疗,试验组患者进行无创序贯机械通气治疗。对比两组患者ICU入住时间、机械通气时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎发生情况及治疗前后动脉血气指标[动脉血酸碱度(pH)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))]、血清炎症细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]表达水平。结果治疗4 h,试验组患者的pH、PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)分别为(7.35±0.07)、(62.31±8.57)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(64.82±10.17)mm Hg,对照组患者分别为(7.29±0.05)、(73.31±11.26)mm Hg、(51.53±8.25)mm Hg;治疗36 h,试验组患者的pH、PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)分别为(7.36±0.05)、(51.98±6.02)mm Hg、(72.61±11.08)mm Hg,对照组患者分别为(7.31±0.06)、(63.21±10.69)mm Hg、(56.17±9.22)mm Hg。试验组患者治疗4、36 h的pH和PaO_(2)明显高于参照组,PaCO_(2)明显低于参照组,统计学意义成立(P<0.05)。试验组患者ICU入住时间(12.15±1.68)d和机械通气时间(10.08±1.74)d均短于参照组的(20.63±3.27)、(19.82±2.53)d,统计学意义成立(P<0.05)。试验组患者呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率低于参照组,统计学意义成立(χ^(2)=3.924,P=0.048<0.05)。试验组患者治疗后3个月的TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6水平分别为(2.08±0.57)pg/ml、(6.48±1.12)ng/ml、(10.62±2.39)pg/ml,明显低于参照组的(3.31±0.74)pg/ml、(9.49±1.34)ng/ml、(15.31±3.15)pg/ml,统计学意义成立(P<0.05)。结论ICU重症COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者进行无创序贯机械通气治疗,能够有效改善通气功能、减少并发症、缩短病程、减轻炎症反应,值得普及应用。

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果

目的:分析有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果。方法:选取2021年10月—2023年3月江门市中心医院收治的重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者66例为研究对象,通过随机编号抽签分为对照组和试验组,各33例。对照组采取有创机械通气治疗,试验组采取有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。比较两组血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))]、炎性指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]、总机械通气时间、首次脱机成功率。结果:脱机后24、48h,试验组PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)水平与脱机前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脱机后24、48h,对照组PaO_(2)水平低于脱机前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脱机后48h,对照组PaCO_(2)水平高于脱机前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脱机后72h,两组IL-6、CRP水平降低,试验组IL-6、CRP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组总机械通气时间短于对照组,首次脱机成功率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的效果较好,能有效改善患者的血氧状态,减轻炎性反应,缩短机械通气时间,提高脱机成功率。

序贯健肌操联合体外膈肌起搏干预在无创机械通气患者中的应用

目的探讨序贯健肌操联合体外膈肌起搏(external diaphragmatic pacing,EDP)在无创机械通气患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年5月-2023年5月在郑州市第一人民医院神经重症监护室治疗的108例无创机械通气患者,将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各54例。对照组予以EDP干预,观察组在对照组基础上行序贯健肌操干预。比较2组干预前后膈肌功能、血气分析指标、撤机成功率、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间。结果干预后,观察组膈肌移动度(DE)、吸气末膈肌厚度、呼气末膈肌厚度、动脉氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数及撤机成功率均高于对照组(t=-3.818,P<0.001;t=-2.186,P=0.031;t=-2.644,P=0.009;t=-2.780,P=0.006;t=-2.241,P=0.027;χ^(2)=4.267,P=0.039),机械通气时间、ICU住院时间均短于对照组(t=6.227,P<0.001;t=3.739,P<0.001),二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))低于对照组(t=6.458,P<0.001)。结论序贯健肌操联合EDP干预在无创机械通气患者中应用效果较好,能缩短患者机械通气时间,提高撤机成功率,改善膈肌功能。

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭患者的效果

目的:探讨有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年6月至2023年6月该院收治的66例COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者的临床资料,按照机械通气方法的不同将其分为观察组和对照组各33例。对照组采取有创机械通气治疗,观察组采取有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗。比较两组总机械通气时间、有创机械通气时间、住院时间,治疗前后动脉血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、pH值]、心功能损伤指标[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)]水平,治疗2周内脱机成功率及并发症发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组总机械通气时间、有创机械通气时间和住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组PaO_(2)水平、pH值均高于对照组,PaCO_(2)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组脱机成功率为96.97%(32/33),高于对照组的75.76%(25/33),并发症发生率为6.06%(2/33),低于对照组的24.24%(8/33),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有创-无创序贯机械通气用于COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者中能够缩短机械通气时间和住院时间,改善患者血气指标和心功能,提高脱机成功率,并降低并发症发生率,效果优于常规有创机械通气治疗。

有创-无创序贯机械通气对急性肺心病患者血气分析及救治结果的影响

目的探讨有创-无创序贯机械通气在急性肺心病患者中的治疗效果。方法选取2021年11月-2022年11月我院收治的248例高原急性肺心病患者,按随机数字表法分为两组,各124例。对照组予以有创机械通气治疗,观察组行有创-无创序贯机械通气。治疗7d后比较两组血气分析指标、肺功能指标、机械通气时间及住院时间、救治效果。结果观察组治疗后血氧分压(PaO_(2))为(80.69±6.25)mmHg,高于对照组的(73.54±6.19)mmHg,二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))为(45.69±4.84)mmHg,低于对照组的(50.07±5.12)mmHg(P<0.05);观察组治疗后用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC分别为(3.26±0.55)L、(2.21±0.42)L、(67.79±6.15)%,高于对照组的(2.87±0.49)L、(1.78±0.37)L、(62.02±5.89)%(P<0.05);观察组机械通气时间、住院时间分别为(12.32±1.42)d、(17.35±2.04)d,短于对照组的(15.63±1.88)d、(21.27±2.25)d,VAP发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组病死率相比(P>0.05)。结论有创-无创序贯机械通气可提高急性肺心病治疗效果,加快血气指标复常,减轻肺功障碍,缩短机械通气及住院时间,且VAP风险低。

通气序贯降级治疗对肺癌合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效观察

目的探讨通气序贯降级治疗对肺癌合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效。方法选取80例肺癌合并呼吸衰竭气管切开患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40)和观察组(n=40),出现肺部感染控制窗(PIC)后,对照组患者进行有创机械通气,观察组接受通气序贯降级治疗,观察记录两组患者治疗前后的生命体征和血气分析主要指标、机械通气时间、ICU入住时间、呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)发生率和脱机成功率及治疗转归情况。结果治疗后两组患者心率、呼吸频率均降低,PaO_(2)均升高(P<0.05),但组间比较无明显差异(P>0.05),两组患者血压、pH值、PaCO_(2)治疗前后、组间比较均无明显差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组机械通气时间和ICU入住时间缩短,呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)发生率低,脱机成功率高(P<0.05)。观察组成功脱机31例;再次行有创通气5例。4例患者继续予以改装后的无创正压呼吸机,实施降级治疗。对照组成功脱机22例;继续行有创通气18例,其中1例患者在ICU死于感染。结论通气序贯降级治疗能改善肺癌合并呼吸衰竭患者气管切开患者血流动力学指标和氧合能力,减少机械通气时间和ICU入住时间,显著降低VAP发生率,提高呼吸机脱机成功率,有较高的临床应用价值。

qSOFA、CURB-65、SMART-COP评分对社区获得性肺炎短期内需要机械通气的预测价值

目的探讨快速序贯器官衰竭评分(qSOFA)、CURB-65评分及SMART-COP评分对社区获得性肺炎(CAP)短期内需要机械通气的预测价值。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月收治的189例CAP患者,分析入院时的qSOFA、CURB-65、SMART-COP评分以及三种评分系统分别联合合并症对CAP入院1周内需要机械通气的预测价值。结果qSOFA、CURB-65、SMART-COP评分对需要机械通气的预测能力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。qSOFA评分的曲线下面积(AUC)小于qSOFA评分联合慢性支气管炎(CB)/慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和qSOFA评分联合高血压(P<0.05)。结论qSOFA、CURB-65、SMART-COP评分对CAP短期内需要机械通气均有一定的预测价值,且预测效能相当;联合CB/COPD、高血压可提高qSOFA评分的预测效能。

有创无创序贯通气对重症肺炎患者血气分析指标及炎症反应的影响

目的探讨有创无创序贯通气对重症肺炎患者血气分析指标及炎症反应的影响。方法前瞻性选取2020年3月至2023年3月空军第九八六医院接收的96例重症肺炎患者,通过随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各48例。对照组予以有创机械通气治疗,其中男25例,女23例,年龄(55.36±5.21)岁,体质量指数(BMI)(23.64±1.51)kg/m^(2);观察组予以有创无创序贯通气治疗,其中男26例,女22例,年龄(55.42±5.25)岁,BMI(23.61±1.48)kg/m^(2)。比较两组手术相关指标、治疗前后的血气分析、肺功能、炎症反应指标。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果治疗前,观察组与对照组在血气分析、肺功能、炎症反应方面比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组的氧疗时间(12.32±2.21)d、有创通气时间(5.22±1.03)d、住院时间(18.31±2.76)d,均短于对照组的(20.33±3.25)d、(13.49±2.68)d、(25.46±3.87)d,差异均有统计学意义(t=14.120、19.956、10.421,均P<0.001)。治疗2周后,观察组的动脉血氧分压、动脉血氧饱和度均高于对照组[(78.02±6.01)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)比(71.25±5.86)mmHg、(93.72±6.45)%比(89.52±6.33)%],动脉血二氧化碳分压低于对照组[(43.55±4.42)mmHg比(48.89±4.68)mmHg],差异均有统计学意义(t=5.588、3.220、5.747,均P<0.001);观察组的静态肺顺应性(Cst)高于对照组[(71.66±6.35)kPa比(60.25±5.21)kPa],肺泡内外液体指数(EVLWI)低于对照组[(5.39±1.02)ml/kg比(8.57±1.54)ml/kg],差异均有统计学意义(t=9.624、11.927,均P<0.001);观察组的白细胞计数(6.71±1.25)×10^(9)/L、C反应蛋白(41.55±4.32)mg/L、降钙素原(2.01±0.52)μg/L,均低于对照组的(9.58±1.87)×10^(9)/L、(54.59±6.69)mg/L、(2.59±0.68)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(t=8.840、11.345、4.694,均P<0.001);观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组[4.17%(2/48)比18.75%(9/48)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.031,P=0.025)。结论采用有创无创序贯通气方式对重症肺炎患者进行治疗,相较于单纯的有创机械通气,能有效缩短氧疗和住院时间,改善患者血气分析指标和肺功能,降低炎症反应,表明该治疗方式更有利于患者恢复。

西维来司他钠治疗脓毒症伴急性呼吸窘迫综合征的效果观察

目的:观察西维来司他钠治疗脓毒症伴急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)的效果。方法:将阳江市人民医院2023年6—12月收治的脓毒症伴ARDS患者总计60例,以随机数字表法分成两组,各30例,其中一组以常规治疗为对照组,另一组以常规治疗配合西维来司他钠治疗为研究组,均治疗7 d。比较两组血清学指标(炎症指标、血小板计数、血气指标),急性生理和慢性健康状况Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)评分、肺损伤评分,序贯器官衰竭估计(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)评分,机械通气时间及病死率。结果:治疗前,两组炎症指标、血气指标、血小板计数、APACHEⅡ评分、肺损伤评分、SOFA评分相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组血清炎症指标、动脉血二氧化碳分压、APACHEⅡ评分、肺损伤评分、SOFA评分均较治疗前显著下降,且研究组均低于对照组,动脉血氧饱和度及血小板计数均较治疗前提升,研究组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组机械通气时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的14 d病死率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:脓毒症伴急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者在接受西维来司他钠治疗,可显著减轻患者的血清炎症指标水平,改善血气指标,减轻肺损伤,缩短患者的机械通气时间,效果理想。

基于时机理论的有创-无创序贯性机械通气疗法联合高流量氧疗在轻中度ARDS中的治疗效果

目的探讨基于时机理论的有创-无创序贯性机械通气疗法联合高流量氧疗在轻中度急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)中的治疗效果。方法选择2022年10月至2024年1月我院收治的80例轻中度ARDS患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组实施常规机械通气联合高流量氧疗法,观察组予以基于时机理论的有创-无创序贯性机械通气联合高流量氧疗法。观察两组患者治疗24、48 h后的血气分析指标、循环指标、治疗相关指标和呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生情况。结果治疗24、48 h后,两组患者的呼吸频率(RR)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)等循环指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者的有创机械通气时间、总机械通气时间、住ICU时间比较,观察组均明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于时机理论的有创-无创序贯性机械通气疗法联合高流量氧疗应用于轻中度的ARDS患者的效果与常规治疗方法相当,但在机械通气持续时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生方面具有明显优势,值得临床应用。