Robust adaptive leaderless consensus of unknown non-minimum phase linear multi-agent systems subject to disturbances and/or unmodeled dynamics

This article investigates the problem of robust adaptive leaderless consensus for heterogeneous uncertain nonminimumphase linear multi-agent systems over directed communication graphs. Each agent is assumed tobe of unknown nominal dynamics and also subject to external disturbances and/or unmodeled dynamics. Anovel distributed robust adaptive control strategy is proposed. It is shown that the robust adaptive leaderlessconsensus problem is solved with the proposed control strategy under some sufficient conditions. Two examplesare provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control strategy.

TIR domain protein-mediated phase separation activates plant immunity

We spotlight recent findings from a Nature paper unveiling captivating insights into how substrates such as NADþand ATP stimulate the condensation of TIR domain proteins.This process culminates in the formation of a quaternary structural pattern akin to the catalytic arrangement observed in conventional TNL proteins.Consequently,this mechanism enables the production of pivotal signaling molecules crucial for fortifying plant immunity.Expanding on these revelations,we propose the prospect of creating modulatory compounds capable of initiating the phase separation of TIR domain proteins as an innovative approach to enhance plant immunity against pathogenic challenges.

Output-feedback Dynamic Surface Control for a Class of Nonlinear Non-minimum Phase Systems

In this paper, an output-feedback tracking controller is proposed for a class of nonlinear non-minimum phase systems.To keep the unstable internal dynamics bounded, the method of output redefinition is applied to let the stability of the internal dynamics depend on that of redefined output, thus we only need to consider the new external dynamics rather than internal dynamics in the process of designing control law. To overcome the explosion of complexity problem in traditional backstepping design, the dynamic surface control(DSC) method is firstly used to deal with the problem of tracking control for the nonlinear non-minimum phase systems. The proposed outputfeedback DSC controller not only forces the system output to asymptotically track the desired trajectory, but also drives the unstable internal dynamics to follow its corresponding bounded and causal ideal internal dynamics, which is solved via stable system center method. Simulation results illustrate the validity of the proposed output-feedback DSC controller.

Distributed Adaptive Output Consensus of Unknown Heterogeneous Non-Minimum Phase Multi-Agent Systems

This article addresses the leader-following output consensus problem of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems with unknown agent parameters under directed graphs.The dynamics of followers are allowed to be non-minimum phase with unknown arbitrary individual relative degrees.This is contrary to many existing works on distributed adaptive control schemes where agent dynamics are required to be minimum phase and often of the same relative degree.A distributed adaptive pole placement control scheme is developed,which consists of a distributed observer and an adaptive pole placement control law.It is shown that under the proposed distributed adaptive control scheme,all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and the outputs of all the followers track the output of the leader asymptotically.The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by one practical example and one numerical example.

Development of a Rapid and Efficient Liquid Chromatography Method for Determination of Gibberellin A4 in Plant Tissue, with Solid Phase Extraction for Purification and Quantification

A new, rapid and efficient reverse phase Liquid Chromatography (RP-LC) method was developed for determination of Gibberellin A4 (GA4) in samples of flower stalk of Dasylirion cedrosanum and vegetative tissue of Epithelantha micromeris. Purification of GA4 was carried out by solid phase extraction (SPE), in Epithelantha micromeris. In the chromatography method was obtaining a retention time of 2.1 min, using Hypersil GOLD C-18 column (100 × 4.6 mm dim and size particle 5 μ), mobile phase 50/50 acetonitrile/water and a flow 1.0 ml/min. Detection was carried out by a UV detector set at 205 nm, and a quantization limit of 0.4 mg/L. The obtained correlation coefficient was 0.995.

Project Construction and Important Technical Innovation for Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant

Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant,the first commercial heavy water reactor nuclear power plant in China,was the biggest trade project performed between the governments of China and Canada.As the owner,the Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Company(TQNPC)persisted in independent innovation management during the project construction,commissioning and self-dependent operation,efficiently realizing the three controls of the project,i.e.quality control,schedule control and investment control,and persisted in technical improvement on the basis of digestion and absorption of CANDU-6 technology to improve the unit safety and reliability.The project construction practice has helped China's nuclear power project management to becomeprogrammed,computerized,standardized and internationalized management from the existing basis.After completion of the project,with unit safe and steady operation as the prerequisite,TQNPC performed several technical modifications and innovations to continuously improve the unit performance.In the area of staff development,TQNPC paid much attention to cultivation of corporate culture,strengthed staff training and built up a good circulating mechanism with staff training and project construction promoting each other.Further to "Zero Breakthrough" and a new step forward of locolization successfully realized in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and Nuclear Power Qinshan Joint Venture Company,the improvement and developemnt of nuclear power project management level in Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant provided reference for promotion of nuclear power development in China and standardized management of introducing large imported project.

AN IMPROVEMENT OF THE RECURSIVE CLOSED-FORM ALGORITHM FOR NON-MINIMUM PHASE FIR SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

An improved algorithm which is based on the recursive closed-form algorithm fornon-minimum phase FIR system identification via higher order statistics is presented.In order toincrease the parametric estimation accuracy,the improved algorithm uses the optimal iterativemethod to seek the nonlinear least-square solution.Finally,the simulation examples are alsogiven.

Supply contract for Nantong Power Plant Phase II signed

Power generating equipment supply contract for Huaneng Nantong Power Plant Phase Ⅱ project affiliated to Huaneng International Electric Power Stock Company Ltd. was signed at the People’s Great Hall on June 28, 1996, Shi Dazhen, Minister of Electric Power, Ye Qing, Vice-chairman of the State Planning Commission, Zhang Youcai, Vice Minister of Finance and

The third phase contract of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant signed

China and Canada nailed down a deal to build the third phase of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant in Zhejiang Province in East China on Nov. 26, 1996. The contract was signed in Shanghai by China National Nuclear Corp (CNNC) and Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd(AECL). AECL will construct two 700 MW heavy water reactors for the Chinese nuclear power plant.

Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent hot functional test successfully

On February 25, the Unit 1 of Ling’ao Nuclear Power Plant phase II underwent a 41-day-long hot functional test successfully with its major systems satisfying the requirements for

First phase project of Huaneng Yingkou Cogeneration Plant completed

On December 2, 2009, Unit 1 of Huaneng Yingkou Cogeneration Plant smoothly passed 168-hour triaoperation. 11 days later, Unit 2 also successfully passed the trial operation. The project

Efects of thermal aging temperature and Cr content on phase separ-ation kinetics in Fe-Cr alloys simulated by the phase feld method

Phase field simulations of phase separation in Fe-Cr binary alloys were performed by using the Cahn-Hilliard diffusion function. A new mobility model in relation to aging temperature and Cr content was used in the simulations. Two alloys of Fe-30at%Cr and Fe-35at%Cr were investigated at two different aging temperatures of 573 and 673 K. The phase separation kinetics was found to consist of three stages： wavelength modulation, amplitude increase, and coarsening of Cr-enriched regions. A higher thermal aging temperature accelerated the phase separation and increased the wavelength of concentration fluctuation. While the effect of Cr content on the phase separation kinetics was slight, Fe-Cr alloys with a higher Cr content were found to generate a larger number and a finer size of Cr-enriched regions. The simulation results provide consultation for design and safe operation of duplex stainless steel pipes in nuclear power plants.

Differential volatile organic compounds in royal jelly associated with different nectar plants

The aim of this work was to distinguish volatile organic compound（VOC） profiles of royal jelly（RJ） from different nectar plants. Headspace solid-phase microextraction（HS-SPME） was used to extract VOCs from raw RJ harvested from 10 nectar plants in flowering seasons. Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of VOCs extracts were performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. Results showed that VOC profiles of RJ from the samples were rich in acid, ester and aldehyde compound classes, however, contents of them were differential, exemplified by the data from acetic acid, benzoic acid methyl ester, hexanoic acid and octanoic acid. As a conclusion, these four VOCs can be used for distinguishing RJ harvested in the seasons of different nectar plants.

Three Dimensional Numerical Analysis of Two Phase Flow Separation Using Swirling Fluidics

Vapor-water two phase flow separation in pressure vessel of nuclear power plants is accomplished with swirl motion using vanes. In order to reduce separation pressure loss and to make it economic, a new type of low cost simplified innovative separator using lattice core configuration is proposed where swirling is caused by the orthogonal driving flow. The performance of the separator has been assessed numerically with the commercial CFD code FLUENT 14.0. The numerical analysis is compared with the experiment. The geometry and flow conditions are chosen according to the experiment. In the analysis, standard k – e and realizable k – e turbulence models are implemented. The prediction of maximum air void fraction with realizable k – e model was almost the same as input air void fraction but the void fraction computed by standard k – e model was compared better with the experimental results than the realizable k – e model. Some discrepancies in flow pattern between the experimental and simulation results are observed which might be due to the difference of nozzle shape. However, a more detailed model is necessary to arrive at the final conclusion.

Optimized Model Based Controller with Model Plant Mismatch for NMP Mitigation in Boost Converter

In this paper,an optimized Genetic Algorithm(GA)based internal model controller-proportional integral derivative(IMC-PID)controller has been designed for the control variable to output variable transfer function of dc-dc boost converter to mitigate the effect of non-minimum phase(NMP)behavior due to the presence of a right-half plane zero(RHPZ).This RHPZ limits the dynamic performance of the converter and leads to internal instability.The IMC PID is a streamlined counterpart of the standard feedback controller and easily achieves optimal set point and load change performance with a single filter tuning parameterλ.Also,this paper addresses the influences of the model-based controller with model plant mismatch on the closed-loop control.The conventional IMC PID design is realized as an optimization problem with a resilient controller being determined through a genetic algorithm.Computed results suggested that GA–IMC PID coheres to the optimum designs with a fast convergence rate and outperforms conventional IMC PID controllers.

Some Technical Solutions for Environmental Protection System during Accidents at Nuclear Power Plants

The paper reports some technical solutions, which suggested or used for increasing of environmental protection during accidents at NPPs. For NNPs with two protective shells and pressure release system such as WWER-1000 a comprehensive, passive-mode environmental protection system of decontamination of the radioactive steam-air mixture from the containment and the intercontainment area was suggested. This system includes the “wet” stage (scrubbers, etc.), the “dry” stage (sorption module), and also an ejector, which in a passive mode is capable of solving the multi-purpose task of decontamination of the air-steam mixture. For WWER-440/230 NPPs three protection levels: 1) a jet-vortex condenser;2) the spray system;3) a sorption module were suggested and installed. For modern designs of new generation NPPs, which do not provide for pressure release systems, a new passive filtering system together with the passive heat-removal system, which can be used during severe accidents in case all power supply units become unavailable, was proposed and after modernization was installed at the KudanKulam NPP (India).

植物工厂储热装置性能强化研究

为克服固液相变材料的低导热性缺点,本文在传统的套管式固液相变储热器中引入了泡沫金属结合金属肋片的传热强化手段,在储热器内部部分填充泡沫金属以进一步加快储热过程。本文探索了多种不同的储热器内部分填充泡沫金属的设置方式,基于enthalpy-porosity方法对相变材料储热熔化过程进行了数值研究,对比了不同泡沫金属设置方式下储热器内相变材料的动态熔化规律、温度响应特点、储热器的无量纲储热量与储热器经济性的差异。结果表明,配置泡沫金属后,相变材料熔化时间最大可缩短约85%,泡沫金属填充位置对其强化性能起到了决定性的作用。泡沫金属填充于远离热媒管的肋片末端与储热器外壳之间是最优的泡沫金属布置形式,其单位时间储热量是未配置泡沫金属的储热器的6.5倍。最后,本文针对具有最优泡沫金属布置形式的储热器在多种不同加热温度下的熔化过程进行了计算,提出了基于傅里叶数Fo与斯蒂芬数Ste的相变材料熔化进程预测拟合公式。本研究有助于推动固液相变储热技术的发展,为设计应用于植物工厂的太阳能光热相变储热器提供参考和指导。

无人机用气力式喷粉装置设计及作业效果分析

林业病虫害是危害森林健康及其生态系统作用的主要原因之一。目前,我国针对橡胶树这类高大乔木的施药方式多为传统的地面喷雾和喷粉机械,该类作业方式受地形限制、人力需求大、劳动效率低,且难以对高处冠层施药。当前用于无人机挂载的喷粉装置多为地面喷粉器械的简单搭载,这易造成粉剂堵塞,喷施均匀性难以保证。为改善当前喷粉作业的效果,本研究设计了一种搭载在无人机上的气力式喷粉装置,利用高速气流将粉剂沿管道吹出,并对关键部件进行模拟仿真。结果表明,对于本研究设计的气力喷粉管道,涵道风机风速达10 m/s可满足绝大多数粉剂的输送要求。以飞扬倾角和飞扬高度为评价指标,模拟了不同安装位置下无人机喷粉作业的效果,模拟分析表明,为更好地抑制粉剂飞扬,气力喷粉装置的喷粉出口应正处旋翼下方,并后置安装在无人机上,其飞扬倾角为84°,飞扬高度为0.6 m。为探究试验样机的作业参数对喷粉沉积覆盖率、均匀性与穿透性的影响,开展了喷粉流量、作业高度与飞行速度3因素3水平的正交试验,结果表明,沉积覆盖率最佳作业参数为:喷粉流量6.0 kg/min、作业高度2 m、飞行速度2 m/s。沉积均匀性最佳作业参数为:喷粉流量3.6 kg/min、作业高度2.5 m、飞行速度6 m/s。沉积穿透性最佳作业参数为:喷粉流量6.0 kg/min、作业高度2.5 m、飞行速度4 m/s。为获得最优的试验方案,采用模糊综合评分法进一步分析,结果表明,最佳作业参数为喷粉流量6.0 kg/min、作业高度2.5 m、飞行速度2 m/s,相应的喷粉覆盖率均值为14.06%,喷粉均匀性均值为34.81%,喷粉穿透性为5.61%。因此,本研究的气力式喷粉无人机进行植保作业时,需结合实际作业对象,对沉积覆盖率、均匀性、穿透性不同需求综合分析,合理选择无人机喷粉的作业参数。研究结果可为高大乔木病虫害关键防治设备的研发提供新思路,对实现林业精准病虫害防治具有重要价值。