Effect of burden and origin sites of premature ventricular contractions on left ventricular function by 7-day Holter monitor

Recent studies have shown that premature ventricular contractions （PVCs） could enlarge the heart, but its risk factors are incompletely understood as a single 24-hour recording cannot reflect the true PVC burden due to day-to-day variability. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of burden and origin sites on left ventricular （LV） function in patients with PVCs by 7-day Holter electrocardiography （ECG）. From May 2012 to August 2013, 112 consecutive patients with PVCs were recruited from the authors＇ affiliated hospital. All patients received 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography, 12-lead routing ECG and 7-days Holter ECG. Serum N-terminal pro- brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） levels were measured. A total of 102 participants with PVCs were included in the final analysis. Origin of PVCs from the tricuspid annulus had the highest burden and NT-proBNP level. LV papillary muscle had a higher LV ejection fraction （EF） level and a lower LV end-systolic dimension （ESD） than other PVC foci （P〈0.05）. The high burden group had a higher LV end-diastolic dimension （EDD） and LVESD but lower LVEF than the other two groups （P〈0.05）. Female, older age, physical work, and history of PVCs had a significantly positive correlation with symptoms. Male, older age, physical work, and high burden were positive predictors of enlarged LVEDD, LVESD and higher serum NT-proBNP level, but lower LVEF. Seven-day dynamic ECG Holter monitor showed the true PVC burden on patients with PVCs. PVCs with a lower burden or origin from the LV papillary muscle and the fascicle were relatively benign, while PVCs with a higher burden or origin from the tricuspid annulus may lead to cardiac dysfunction.

Non-Monotonic Lyapunov-Krasovskii Functional Approach to Stability Analysis and Stabilization of Discrete Time-Delay Systems

In this paper, a novel non-monotonic Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach is proposed to deal with the stability analysis and stabilization problem of linear discrete time-delay systems. This technique is utilized to relax the monotonic requirement of the Lyapunov-Krasovskii theorem. In this regard, the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is allowed to increase in a few steps, while being forced to be overall decreasing. As a result, it relays on a larger class of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals to provide stability of a state-delay system. To this end, using the non-monotonic Lyapunov-Krasovskii theorem, new sufficient conditions are derived regarding linear matrix inequalities(LMIs)to study the global asymptotic stability of state-delay systems.Moreover, new stabilization conditions are also proposed for time-delay systems in this article. Both simulation and experimental results on a p H neutralizing process are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.

Common Fixed Point Results for Quasi-contractions Involving Altering Distance Functions in Ordered Cone Metric Spaces

Some common fixed point results for mappings satisfying a quasi-contractive condition which involves altering distance functions are obtained in partially ordered complete cone metric spaces. A sufficient condition for the uniqueness of common fixed point is proved. Also, an example is given to support our results.

ELXED POINT THEOREM OF COMPOSITION g-CONTRACTION MAPPING AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Any composition sequential mapping, periodic composition mapping of a complete non-empty metric space M into M with geometric mean contraction ratio less than 1 ( simplifying as 'g-contraction mapping' ) has a unique fixed point in M . Applications of the theorem to the proof of existence and uniqueness of the solutions of a set of non-linear differential equations and a coupled integral equations of symmetric bending of shallow shell of revolution are given.

Common Fixed Points for Two Mappings with Implicit-linear Contractions on Partially Ordered 2-metric Spaces

In this paper, we introduce a new class U of 3-dimensional real functions, use U and a 2-dimensional real function ? to construct a new implicit-linear contractive condition and obtain some existence theorems of common fixed points for two mappings on partially ordered 2-metric spaces and give a sufficient condition under which there exists a unique common fixed point. The obtained results goodly generalize and improve the corresponding conclusions in references.

GENERALIZED WARDOWSKI TYPE FIXED POINT THEOREMS VIA α-ADMISSIBLE FG-CONTRACTIONS IN b-METRIC SPACES

Recently, Wardowski [Fixed Point Theory Appl., 2012: 94, 2012] introduced and studied a new contraction called F-contraction to prove a fixed point result as a generalization of the Banach contraction principle. In this paper, we introduce an α-β-FG-contraction and generalize the Wardowski fixed point result in b-metric and ordered b-metric spaces. As an application of our results we deduce Suzuki type fixed point results for β-FG-contractions.Moreover, we discuss some illustrative examples to highlight the realized improvements.

SOME NEW ITERATED FUNCTION SYSTEMS CONSISTING OF GENERALIZED CONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS

Iterated function systems （IFS） were introduced by Hutchinson in 1981 as a natural generalization of the well-known Banach contraction principle. In 2010, D. R. Sahu and A. Chakraborty introduced K-Iterated Function System using Kannan mapping which would cover a larger range of mappings. In this paper, following Hutchinson, D. R. Sahu and A. Chakraborty, we present some new iterated function systems by using the so-called generalized contractive mappings, which will also cover a large range of mappings. Our purpose is to prove the existence and uniqueness of attractors for such class of iterated function systems by virtue of a Banach-like fixed point theorem concerning generalized contractive mappings.

A Study on English-Chinese Translation of Business Contracts Based on the Functional Equivalence Theory

This study explores the translation of business English contracts from English to Chinese from the perspective of functional equivalence.The functional equivalence theory involves three aspects of functional equivalence:lexical equivalence,sentential equivalence,and textual equivalence.As far as translation is concerned,translators adopt different translation techniques for different types of texts,striving to achieve equivalence in lexical,sentential,and textual functions.Therefore,translators are to recognize the different characteristics of business English contracts and highlight English translation styles and characteristics with the help of the functional equivalence theory.

Functions and Translation of Nominalization in Business Contracts

Nominalization refers to the process of producing a noun from another part of speech or the derivation of a noun phrase from an underlying clause.In order to fulfill the specific analysis of nominalization in business English contract,a corpus has been created with typical contracts.Based on a self-built business contract corpus,aspects of English nominalization,including its frequency of use,meaning selection and discourse position and function,have been examined.This study has found that nominalization is one of the most important characteristics of business contracts,and English nominalization can function mainly to improve the conciseness,formality,objectivity,and cohesiveness of the discourse.Meanwhile,the different characteristics of nominalization require different translation strategies and methods.The findings of this study may have implications for the business English teaching and translation.

A Research on E-C Translation Methods of Business Contracts from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

As economic globalization continues to develop increasingly,political and economic trade has become more frequent.In international activities,business contracts are important legal documents,and all international business activities require the signing of contracts,which has greatly increased the demand for translation of business contracts.Based on the functional equivalence theory,this paper analyzes the translation of E-C business contracts with the characteristics of business contracts.This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis and a practical translation strategy for E-C translation of business contracts,and to solve problems encountered in the translation practice.

A randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy of single and multiple intralesional collagenase injections for treating contracted scars

Background:Scar contractions caused by trauma or burns can cause secondary physical dysfunction and disfigurement.Many minimally invasive methods for scar contraction have shown limited applicability and efficacy.This study investigated the feasibility and efficacy of intralesional collagenase injections for scar contraction treatment.Methods:Patients with contracted scars who had limited joint movement and physical disfiguration for>1 year were enrolled in this single-blind,randomized clinical trial from July 2017 to February 2018 at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital.Collagenase was injected into the firm-contracted scar(15 U/cm^(2))three times at 4-week intervals in the multiple treatment group and once in the single treatment group,and a placebo injection was performed in the control group.Scar length and skin texture were documented at the 4-and 12-week follow-ups.The safety of the collagenase treatment was also evaluated.Results:The contracted scar was significantly elongated after both single and multiple collagenase treatments.The results showed that,compared to a one-time treatment,repeated injections were more effective at 12 weeks,with an average improvement of 26.83(15.79%).At 12 weeks,78.9% of the patients in the multiple group and 52.9%in the single group achieved significant improvement at 12 weeks.No severe adverse events were observed.Conclusion:Intralesional collagenase injection showed promising results in improving scar contraction and provides an alternative treatment for patients.

On the (<i>r</i>,<i>φ</i>,<i>ψ</i>)-Suzuki Contraction for the Multi-Valued Mappings

In this work we try to give a new contraction type in multi-valued mapping on complete metric spaces. We prove the existence of fixed point for (r,φ,ψ)-Suzuki contraction in such spaces. Around our paper, the function ψ is absolutely continuous, and in this case, the contraction proposed by as has a fixed point.

The Effects of Electroacupuncture at the Heart Meridian on Myocardial Contractile Function in Rabbits with Myocardial Ischemia

Acute myocardial ischemia was induced by intravenous injection of pituitrin, and electroacupuncture (EA) was applied at the Heart and Lung Meridians (HM and LM), 3 points on each meridian. The changes in the left intraventricular pressure (LVP), the maximum rise rate of intraventricular pressure (LVP dp/dtmax), the area of cardiac force loop (ACFL), and the maximum shortening velocity of myocardial contractile element (Vmax) were observed. As a result, there were significant differences in the improvement of LVP, LVP dp/dtmax, ACFL and Vmax between EA at HM and LM. The regulatory action of EA at HM on the myocardial contractile function was significantly better than that of EA at LM, indicating that HM has a close relationship with the myocardial contractile function.……

前交叉韧带重建后肌肉等长发力率及与功能表现的关系

背景:前交叉韧带重建后肌肉功能的恢复通常评估肌肉的最大力量,最近的研究认为还应考虑神经肌肉功能,比如肌肉等长发力率,即在肌肉等长收缩条件下测量不同时间间隔的力-时间曲线斜率。目的:阐述前交叉韧带重建后患者肌肉等长发力率的研究现状与不足,分析术后不同时间内股四头肌和腘绳肌等长发力率的缺陷程度;等长发力率对术后患者功能表现的影响,为优化前交叉韧带重建后康复、减少患者二次损伤以及降低膝骨关节炎发生率提供重要信息。方法:检索中国知网、维普、万方和PubMed数据库,以“前交叉韧带,发力率”为中文检索词,以“anterior cruciate ligament,rate of force development,rate of torque development”为英文检索词,按照纳入和排除标准最终纳入69篇文献。结果与结论:(1)大多数研究发现前交叉韧带重建后半年内患者双侧肌肉等长发力率存在缺陷,双侧腘绳肌早期等长发力率(即肌肉收缩100 ms时间段内任意时间间隔的力-时间曲线斜率)在半年后有显著改善,但双侧股四头肌早期等长发力率长期缺陷,表明术后股四头肌神经肌肉功能长期受损。(2)有关晚期等长发力率(肌肉收缩100 ms后时间段内任意时间间隔的力-时间曲线斜率)的相关研究较少,无法得出确切结论。(3)关于着陆运动(跳跃落地和侧切等)和日常生活活动(走、跑),股四头肌早期等长发力率比等长峰值力矩相关性更强,运动过程中生物力学的异常改变被认为是患者二次损伤以及创伤性膝骨关节炎发生的重要风险因素,积极改善股四头肌早期等长发力率可能会降低二次损伤以及创伤性膝骨关节炎的发生率。(4)目前仅有很少的证据表明,全身振动训练能改善前交叉韧带重建后患者股四头肌早期等长发力率,建议今后在术后早期阶段应用神经肌肉电刺激干预股四头肌和腘绳肌,而在术后晚期阶段实施爆发力、高阻力训练,这可能会改善患者等长发力率。(5)短时间产生足够的肌肉力量才能有效保护前交叉韧带,而腘绳肌等长发力率与功能表现的关系尚不清楚,这可能会提供有关预防患者二次损伤的信息。(6)作者建议将等长发力率作为指导康复以及恢复运动的评估指标之一,除了关注对称性的改善以及与正常人的差异,还要考虑腘绳肌与股四头肌力量的比值,合适的比值范围才能保证肌肉快速发力时的平衡,这可能会降低再次损伤的发生,但比值的正常范围尚不清楚。(7)未来研究要考虑移植物类型和膝关节屈曲角度对等长发力率的影响,以尽可能找出患者存在的神经肌肉功能障碍,帮助患者更好地康复。

基于多变量模式分析的飞行学员脑功能连接的识别研究

目的基于多变量模式分析(multivariate pattern analysis,MVPA)对飞行学员和健康的普通人的大脑功能连接进行有效识别。材料与方法采集了40名已经取得执照的飞行专业在校学生与39名地面专业在校学生的功能磁共振数据。通过网络功能连接分析得到功能连接矩阵作为特征,分别通过最小绝对收缩选择算子(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)算法与独立样本t检验方法对特征降维。使用不同核函数的支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)进行训练和预测,使用留一交叉验证法进行模型性能评估,最终根据训练后SVM模型中的权重定位对应脑区之间的功能连接。结果使用LASSO特征筛选的线性(linear)核SVM模型准确率为81.82%,敏感度82.05%,特异度81.58%,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.88。核函数对模型准确率的影响不大。模型中右侧中央旁小叶、双侧中央后回、双侧顶下缘角回、右侧梭状回、左侧眶部额中回、左侧顶上回、右侧眶部额下回有较高的权重,模型中的权重集中在感觉运动网络(somatomotor network,SMN)与默认模式网络(default mode network,DMN),分别占用所有权重的25.62%和25.27%。结论结合LASSO算法进行特征筛选的SVM可以对飞行学员大脑进行有效识别,并且有更好的可解释性和更小的过拟合。模型权重信息反映了飞行学员主要在运动能力和感知能力有别于普通人。

煤炭企业契约化成本管理承包成本指标的确定与考核:以河南省正龙煤业有限公司城郊煤矿为例

近年来,煤炭企业纷纷引入了契约化成本管理,替代了传统的行政命令式的成本管理模式。通过“契约化”的方式,煤炭企业内部建立起了全员积极参与的成本管理机制,有效解决了推诿扯皮、思想懒惰、责任意识不强等管理问题。但随着契约化成本管理模式的深入推进,如何确定承包成本指标并进行考核已成为能否有效实施契约化成本管理的关键问题。本文系统地总结了河南省正龙煤业有限公司城郊煤矿实施契约化成本管理的实践经验。首先,阐述了契约化成本管理整体目标的制定流程,以及如何将契约化成本管理整体目标分解为各项承包成本指标并划分给专业系统与职能科室等责任主体;其次,对契约化成本管理中成本对标考核的流程、分工等进行了介绍,并说明了如何依据契约化成本考核结果落实契约化工资兑现;最后,探讨了推行契约化成本管理的保障措施。城郊煤矿契约化成本管理承包成本指标的确定与考核体系的有效实施,激发了各责任主体主动参与成本管理,为煤炭企业成本管控提供了宝贵的实践经验。

氨甲环酸联合背带式子宫缝合术对宫缩乏力性产后出血的疗效

目的 探讨宫缩乏力性产后出血患者采用氨甲环酸联合背带式子宫缝合术(B-Lynch)对凝血功能、免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2020年6月—2022年6月106例宫缩乏力性产后出血患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法分为对照组(53例)与观察组(53例)。对照组采用B-Lynch缝合术治疗,观察组采用氨甲环酸联合B-Lynch缝合术治疗。观察2组手术时间、术中出血量、产后24 h出血量、产后24 h血红蛋白水平、产妇不良结局。比较2组不同时点凝血功能、免疫功能、卵巢功能。结果 与对照组比较,观察组手术时间更短,术中出血量、产后24 h出血量更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后24 h,2组血红蛋白水平均低于产前,但观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组产妇不良结局发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后24 h,2组凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)均长于产前,纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平均低于产前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组TT、APTT、PT更短,FIB更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后24 h,2组CD4^(+)低于产前,CD8^(+)高于产前,但与对照组比较,观察组CD4^(+)更高,CD8^(+)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后42 d,2组促卵泡激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E_(2))水平高于产前,收缩末期血流峰值(PSV)、搏动指数(PI)低于产前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但与对照组比较,观察组FSH、LH、E_(2)水平更低,PSV、PI更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组产前和产后42 d时阻力指数(RI)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 氨甲环酸联合B-Lynch缝合术能够有效减少宫缩乏力性产后出血患者出血量,改善凝血功能及免疫功能,保护卵巢功能,降低产妇不良结局发生率。

基于fNIRS对女性不同膀胱状态下盆底肌收缩任务的前额叶激活情况

目的为探讨前额叶在人体控尿功能中发挥的作用提供神经影像学依据。方法利用近红外脑功能成像技术(fNIRS)收集20名健康成年女性志愿者膀胱充盈和空虚状态下盆底肌收缩时大脑前额皮层的血流动力学数据,并对数据进行相应的处理,通过分析各个通道所提取的氧合血红蛋白浓度的相对变化量所对应的Beta值,对比前额叶不同脑区间激活情况差异。结果膀胱充盈状态下前额皮层共有30个通道激活,膀胱空虚状态下前额皮层共有8个通道激活(P均<0.05),其中共同激活通道有7个;相较于空虚状态,膀胱充盈时的前额叶激活更明显,且以右侧脑区激活为主,差异主要体现在右侧背外侧前额叶和额极(P均<0.05)。结论盆底肌收缩运动可以使大脑前额皮层被激活。当膀胱处于充盈状态时大脑前额皮层可能会通过神经反射活动感知膀胱的压力变化,从而参与调控盆底肌的自主舒缩运动,实现其在人体控尿功能中的作用,其中右侧背外侧前额叶脑区在此过程中发挥的作用可能更为明显。

函数功能与文化契约:马林诺夫斯基的文化科学

马林诺夫斯基的参与式观察奠定了现代人类学的基本田野方法。但其方法论并非孤立的调查技术,而是植根于系统的文化科学理论。马林诺夫斯基自觉地与社会契约论、社会学年鉴学派等对话,从个体主义与集体主义的争论中汲取思想资源。他主张“函数功能论”,基于马赫的经验批判主义,反对古典人类学和过往社会理论的形而上学预设,指出文化要素之间普遍关联并相互依存。进而,他以“文化契约论”论述文化与社会组织如何基于个体需求而建立。文化被揭示为一个有机整体,个体为文化所塑造,因此社会与个体是紧密联系、相互依存而非分离的实体。这种文化科学的理论与方法也影响了早期中国社会科学的探索。

超声分层应变技术评价二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者的左心室收缩功能

目的:应用超声分层应变技术评价二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者左心室心肌收缩功能。方法:收集2021年9月—2022年12月于宜昌市中心人民医院确诊的二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者作为研究组(n=30),纳入同期健康体检者作为对照组(n=30)。分析两组患者超声应变参数,包括整体纵向应变(GLS)、峰值收缩离散度(PSD)、左心室心内膜下心肌GLS(GLSendo)、左心室中层心肌GLS(GLSmid)、左心室心外膜下心肌GLS(GLSepi)及各层心肌纵向应变值(LS)等,计算心肌跨壁应变梯度(ΔGLS),比较两组各参数的差异及各参数间的相关性。采用ROC曲线分析左心室分层应变参数评估二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者左心室收缩功能的效能。结果:研究组患者的收缩压、左心房收缩末期内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVDd)及每搏量(SV)均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组患者的|GLS|、|GLSendo|、|GLSmid|、|GLSepi|、ΔGLS及各节段|LS|均显著减低(均P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,研究组患者LAD、LVDd与GLS、GLSendo、GLSmid及GLSepi呈负相关。ROC曲线显示,超声分层应变参数中,GLSendo(AUC=0.869)、GLSmid(AUC=0.801)、GLSepi(AUC=0.781)评价二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者左心室收缩功能具有较高诊断效能(均P<0.05)。结论:超声分层应变技术可评估二尖瓣脱垂伴中-重度反流患者左心室及各层心肌受累程度,反映左心室收缩功能变化。