Reliability-based Robust Optimization Design of Automobile Components with Non-normal Distribution Parameters

In the reliability designing procedure of the vehicle components, when the distribution styles of the random variables are unknown or non-normal distribution, the result evaluated contains great error or even is wrong if the reliability value R is larger than 1 by using the existent method, in which case the formula is necessary to be revised. This is obviously inconvenient for programming. Combining reliability-based optimization theory, robust designing method and reliability based sensitivity analysis, a new method for reliability robust designing is proposed. Therefore the influence level of the designing parameters’ changing to the reliability of vehicle components can be obtained. The reliability sensitivity with respect to design parameters is viewed as a sub-objective function in the multi-objective optimization problem satisfying reliability constraints. Given the first four moments of basic random variables, a fourth-moment technique and the proposed optimization procedure can obtain reliability-based robust design of automobile components with non-normal distribution parameters accurately and quickly. By using the proposed method, the distribution style of the random parameters is relaxed. Therefore it is much closer to the actual reliability problems. The numerical examples indicate the following: (1) The reliability value obtained by the robust method proposed increases (】0.04%) comparing to the value obtained by the ordinary optimization algorithm; (2) The absolute value of reliability-based sensitivity decreases (】0.01%), and the robustness of the products’ quality is improved accordingly. Utilizing the reliability-based optimization and robust design method in the reliability designing procedure reduces the manufacture cost and provides the theoretical basis for the reliability and robust design of the vehicle components.

A new early warning method for dam displacement behavior based on non-normal distribution function

Traditional methods for early warning of dam displacements usually assume that residual displacements follow a normal distribution.This assumption deviates from the reality,thereby affecting the reliability of early warning results and leading to misjudgments of dam displacement behavior.To solve this problem,this study proposed an early warning method using a non-normal distribution function.A new early warning index was developed using cumulative distribution function(CDF)values.The method of kernel density estimation was used to calculate the CDF values of residual displacements at a single point.The copula function was used to compute the CDF values of residual displacements at multiple points.Numerical results showed that,with residual displacements in a non-normal distribution,the early warning method proposed in this study accurately reflected the dam displacement behavior and effectively reduced the frequency of false alarms.This method is expected to aid in the safe operation of dams.

Riemann Boundary Value Problem of Non-Normal Type on the Infinite Straight Line

Various kinds of Riemann boundary value problems (BVPs) for analytic functions on closed curves or on open arc, doubly periodic Riemann BVPs, doubly quasi-periodic Riemann BVPs, and BVPs for polyanalytic functions have been widely investigated in [1-8]. The main ap- proach is to use the decomposition of polyanalytic functions and their generalization to transform the boundary value problems to their corresponding boundary value problems for analytic functions. Recently, inverse Riemann BVPs for generalized analytic functions or bianalytic functions have been investigated in [9-12]. In this paper, we consider a kind of Riemann BVP of non-normal type on the infinite straight line and discuss the solvable conditions and the general solution for it.

Non-normal Hasemann Boundary Value Problem

We will discuss the non-normal Hasemann boundary value problem: we may find these results are coincided with those of normal Hasemann boundary value problem and non-normal Riemann boundary value problem.

Doubly Periodic Riemann Boundary Value Problem of Non-Normal Type for Analytic Functions on Two Parallel Curves

In this paper, we present and study a kind of Riemann boundary value problem of non-normal type for analytic functions on two parallel curves. Making use of the method of complex functions, we give the method for solving this kind of doubly periodic Riemann boundary value problem of non-normal type and obtain the explicit expressions of solutions and the solvable conditions for it.

ON THE NON-NORMAL OPERATORS——SEMI-HYPONORMAL OPERATORS

Let A be a linear operator in a Hilbert space H such that Q=（A*A）1/2-（AA*）1/2≥0 andlet A=UR be the polar decomposition. Then there exist opeators A+=lim U*nAUn and A-=lim Un AU*n.In this paper, the relations between the spectra of A+, A-,R and U are derived. Asingular integral model of the operator A is presented. Finally we shall prove the inequality ||Q||≤μφ（σ（A））/2π under certain conditions.

RQI DYNAMICS FOR NON-NORMAL MATRICES WITHREAL EIGENVALUES

RQI is an approach for eigenvectors of matrices. In 1974, B.N Parlett proved that it was a ''succeessful algorithm'' with cubic convergent speed for normal matrices. After then, several authors developed relevant theory and put this research into dynamical frame. [3] indicated that RQI failed for non-normal matrices with complex eigenvalues. In this paper, RQI for non-normal matrices with only real spectrum is analyzed. The authors proved that eigenvectors are super-attractive fixed points of RQI. The geometrical and topological behaviours of two periodic orbits are considered too. The existness of three or higher periodic orbits and their geometry are considered too. The existness of three or higher periodic orbits and their geometry are still open and of interest. It will be reported in our forthcomming paper.

Finite p-groups whose non-normal subgroups have few orders

假定 G 是有限 p 组。如果 G 不是一个 Dedekind 集团，那么， G 有非正常的亚群。我们使用 p M (G) 和 p 表示 G 的非正常的亚群的订单的最大值和最小的 m (G) ；分别地。在这份报纸，我们分类集团 G 以便 M (G)< 2m (G) 1：作为一个副产品，我们也分类其非正常的亚群的订单是 p k 和 p k+1 。

A FRAMEWORK OF SETTING UP GOAL CONTROL LIMITS OF TARGET COSTING FOR NON-NORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS

当内在的分发是非正常的时，这研究提供目标花费扩大它的原来的范围的一个框架。新说明限制能被从 Taguchi 损失功能听市场价格导出。后来，新说明限制能与控制制定导出目标控制限制的 non-normality-based -R 一起通过 non-normality-based pK 价值被连接。而且，一个例子被提供说明目标由无情地减少费用花费的建议框架的实用性；改善产品质量将在市场获得竞争力。

基于教学审定模式的非师范类新入职教师教学能力培养

基于当前学校教师培养现状,针对非师范类新入职教师教学能力提高问题,分别从入职后业务能力培训、指导带教组织形式、教学审定工作的实施和新入职教师教学能力自我提升等方面进行研究,提出一套基于教学审定模式的新入职教师业务能力培养的带教机制,对于提高非师范类新入职教师教学能力具有一定参考意义。

频域互相关的间接飞行时间相机深度图配准

由于间接飞行时间(indirect time-of-flight,iTOF)相机存在空间非均匀性照明的问题,在进行深度图平移配准时,会导致像平面外围区域的测量深度误差较大,影响后续深度配准的准确性.为解决该问题导致的错配情况,提出一种加掩码的频域归一化互相关(normalization cross-correlation,NCC)深度配准方法.对和待配准深度图同一帧的灰度图进行加掩码处理,将非均匀区域掩蔽,然后使用频域的NCC方法进行配准,最后用配准得到的平移向量对两幅对应帧的深度图进行叠加,完成深度配准.该方法在4%的尺度缩放范围内,可以实现正确配准,水平方向的像素相对误差可以达到1.97%,垂直方向像素相对误差可以达到1.74%,且误差符合正态分布.该配准方法具有稳定性和可靠性,可以解决由非均匀性照明引起的深度错配问题.

基于多尺度融合与USM的蒙古族家具纹样增强研究

为提高蒙古族家具纹样图像的全局对比度、颜色和精细细节,提出了一种基于改进的多尺度融合和USM的图像增强算法。首先对图像采用非锐化掩模技术增强纹样的细节区域,在此基础上进行白平衡处理,然后根据对比度的需求定义权重,最后进行多尺度融合能更好地体现出图像中有价值的信息和样式。结果表明:该算法能突出纹样的细节部位,图像颜色更加自然直观,有效地增强了蒙古族家具纹样的图片;该方法可为缺失纹路的蒙古族家具纹样复原提供技术支撑,同时对蒙古族家具纹样的保护具有重要意义。

非标准马蹄形断面水力计算研究

以滇中引水工程楚雄段-昆明段非标准马蹄形断面为研究对象,采用几何分割法对该马蹄形断面的水力要素进行了推理,推导出任意水深所对应水力要素表达式。同时,采用三分试算法计算了该断面正常水深,试算过程采用C#编程来实现。考虑到马蹄形断面正常水深计算的复杂性,采用拟合优化原理推导出正常水深的直接计算公式。计算结果表明:在该公式的适用范围内计算该断面正常水深的最大相对误差为0.496%,同时整个计算区间内89.3%以上计算点相对误差小于0.24%,精度相对较高,可以满足实际工程的需要。

无创接生在正常分娩护理中的应用效果

目的探讨无创接生在正常分娩护理中的应用效果。方法选取220例正常分娩产妇为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组110例。对照组采用传统接生护理,观察组采用无创接生护理,比较两组相关临床指标、不良事件发生情况、护理满意度。结果观察组产后2h出血量少于对照组,会阴伤口愈合时间及产后住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);两组总产程时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组不良事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论正常分娩产妇采用无创接生护理效果较好,可以缩短产妇会阴切口愈合及产后住院时间,减少产后出血量,且能够降低不良事件发生率,提高产妇满意度,改善紧张的护患关系,值得临床推广与应用。

基于局部归一化互信息联合约束的三维头颈部CT/MR配准方法

针对头颈部图像的复杂解剖结构和不同模态图像的差异,提出一种改进的多模态配准方法。该方法采用局部归一化互信息作为相似性测度,以捕捉局部图像区域的相似性,并减少不同区域间的强度差异对配准结果的影响。此外,为解决MR图像易受到噪声和伪影的影响产生畸变的问题,引入F范数约束配准过程,抑制不必要的畸变。实验结果表明,所提方法在降低均方误差、提高配准精度和鲁棒性方面均有所提高。

基于全局特征地图的由粗到细点云配准算法

针对现有点云配准算法在非重复扫描式激光雷达上存在精度低、鲁棒性差、通用性差等问题,提出一种基于全局特征地图的由粗到细点云配准算法(CTF-ICP),并实现非重复扫描式激光雷达里程计。该算法利用高斯分布表征局部点云分布,构建全局特征地图。配准阶段包含粗配准和精配准。首先,采用正态分布变换在连续点云帧之间实现帧到帧的粗配准;然后,根据粗配准的结果将当前点云映射到全局特征地图,并将对应位置的全局特征协方差矩阵的特征值进行归一化,实现帧到地图的精配准;最后,将该文算法与其他常用的配准算法进行对比实验。实验结果表明:该文算法能够较好地适应非重复扫描式激光雷达,配准精度和速度比常用的配准算法都有明显提升;同时,消融实验证明了由粗到细的点云配准算法以及全局特征地图的有效性。

基于多尺度特征融合与多任务学习框架的非侵入式负荷监测方法

随着建筑物能源消耗的不断升高,高精度与高泛化能力的非侵入式负荷监测技术的研究具有重大意义。针对当前负荷分解方法存在的问题,提出了一种基于多尺度特征融合与多任务学习框架的非侵入式负荷监测方法。将实例-批归一化网络与U形网络结合,提取总负荷数据的上下文信息,并利用跨越连接实现对不同尺度的细节特征与全局特征的融合。针对多特征特点,引入高效通道注意力网络,使模型聚焦重要特征。引入多任务学习框架与后处理操作,去除输出的假阳性片段,实现对目标电器的精准识别。将所提模型与几种代表性模型在UK-DALE(UK domestic appliance-level electricity)数据集与REDD(reference energy disaggregation data set)上进行对比实验,结果表明,所提模型的性能优于对比模型,具有出色的负荷分解能力与状态识别能力。

一种新的估计非高斯分布含水层渗透系数场的方法

集合卡尔曼滤波(ensemble Kalman filter,EnKF)是最流行的数据同化方法之一。然而,在处理非高斯问题时,EnKF存在局限性。为了解决非高斯问题并准确描述含水介质连通性,将正态分数变换(normal-score transformation,NST)与多重数据同化集合平滑器(ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation,ES-MDA)相结合,提出NS-ES-MDA方法。通过对比实验,验证了NS-ES-MDA方法估计非高斯分布含水层渗透系数场的有效性。相较于重启正态分数集合卡尔曼滤波器(restart normal-score ensemble Kalman filter,rNS-EnKF)方法,NS-ES-MDA在吸收相同数据后,参数估计精度提升约34%,计算效率提升约35%。此外,NS-ES-MDA方法受“异参同效”现象的影响较小,具有较强的更新能力,能够保障得到较准确的参数估计值。研究可为非高斯分布含水层参数估计提供一种有效的求解方法。

非负组稀疏约束优化问题的最优性条件

基于Bouligand意义下的切锥与法锥和Clarke意义下的切锥与法锥,该文研究了非负组稀疏约束优化问题的最优性理论.该文定义了非负组稀疏约束集的Bouligand切锥与法锥和Clarke切锥与法锥,并给出了它们的等价刻画形式.在目标函数连续可微的条件下,借助于非负组稀疏约束集的切锥和法锥,给出了该优化问题的四类稳定点的定义,并讨论了它们之间的关系.最后,建立了非负组稀疏约束优化问题的一阶和二阶最优性条件.

教育强国建设:教师教育当何为——兼论“国优计划”对师范院校的影响

强教必先强师。教师教育关系到教师高质量发展。21世纪以来,“师范教育”一词被“教师教育”替代、将教师教育纳入高等教育体系、高水平非师范院校参与教师教育这三大事件都是着眼于教师高质量发展。教师教育联结教育强国建设的基础教育“基点”与高等教育“龙头”。基于基础教育“基点”的教师教育在相当程度上决定了基础教育能否“搞得越扎实”、真正成为高质量发展的基点,从而起着基础性支撑作用。作为高等教育“龙头”的教师教育就在于引领与创生:引领意义包括引领基础教育改革的方向和教师发展的方向,以及在“师范大学—地方政府—中小学”教师教育模式中起主导作用;创生意义则在于创新教师教育模式。构建以师范院校为主体、高水平非师范院校参与的中国特色教师教育体系,蕴含了师范院校为主体、高水平非师范院校参与、教师教育体系构建这三大要义。在新的形势下,师范院校要守正创新,即扬师范院校的师范之长守教师教育之正,补师范院校的学科之短创教师教育之新。