Application and optimization design of non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator in viaduct structure-borne noise reduction

The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator is proposed herein,which uses the particle damping vibration absorption technology and bandgap vibration control theory.The vibration reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVI was analyzed from the perspective of vibration control.The paper explores the structure-borne noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs installed on different bridge structures under varying service conditions encountered in practical engineering applications.The load transferred to the bridge is obtained from a coupled train-FST-bridge analytical model considering the different structural parameters of bridges.The vibration responses are obtained using the finite element method,while the structural noise radiation is simulated using the frequency-domain boundary element method.Using the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the parameters of the NOPD-PCVI are optimized so that its frequency bandgap matches the dominant bridge structural noise frequency range.The noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs is compared to the steel-spring isolation under different service conditions.

Transmission and Dissipation of Vibration in a Dynamic Vibration Absorber-Roller System Based on Particle Damping Technology

The research of rolling mill vibration theory has always been a scientific problem in the field of rolling forming,which is very important to the quality of sheet metal and the stable operation of equipment.The essence of rolling mill vibration is the transfer of energy,which is generated from inside and outside.Based on particle damping technology,a dynamic vibration absorber(DVA)is proposed to control the vertical vibration of roll in the rolling process from the point of energy transfer and dissipation.A nonlinear vibration equation for the DVA-roller system is solved by the incremental harmonic balance method.Based on the obtained solutions,the effects of the basic parameters of the DVA on the properties of vibration transmission are investigated by using the power flow method,which provides theoretical guidance for the selection of the basic parameters of the DVA.Furthermore,the influence of the parameters of the particles on the overall dissipation of energy of the particle group is analyzed in a more systematic way,which provides a reference for the selection of the material and diameter and other parameters of the particles in the practical application of the DVA.The effect of particle parameters on roll amplitude inhibition is studied by experiments.The experimental results agree with the theoretical analysis,which proves the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the feasibility of the particle damping absorber.This research proposes a particle damping absorber to absorb and dissipate the energy transfer in rolling process,which provides a new idea for nonlinear dynamic analysis and stability control of rolling mills,and has important guiding significance for practical production.

Influence of B4C particle size on microstructure and damping capacities of(B_(4)C+Ti)/Mg composites

To study the influence of B4C particle size on the microstructure and damping capacities of(B_(4)C+Ti)/Mg composites,in situ reactive infiltration technique was utilized to prepare Mg-matrix composites.The microstructure,produced phases and damping capacities of the composites prepared with different particle size of B4C were characterized and analyzed.The results show that the reaction between B4C and Ti tends to be more complete when finer B_(4)C particle was used to prepare the composites.But the microstructure of the as-prepared composites is more homogenous when B4C and Ti have similar particle size.The strain-dependent damping capacities of(B_(4)C+Ti)/Mg composites improve gradually with the increase of strain amplitude,and composites prepared with coarser B4C particles tend to have higher damping capacities.The temperature-dependent damping capacities improve with increasing the measuring temperatures,and the kind of damping capacities of the composites prepared with 5mm B4C are inferior to those of coarser particles.The dominant damping mechanism for the strain-damping capacity is dislocation damping and plastic zone damping,while that for the temperature-damping capacity is interface damping or grain boundary damping.

Damping Controller Based Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization for VSC HVDC to Improve Power System Stability

The use of the supplementary controllers of a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) based on Voltage Source Converter (VSC) to damp low Frequency oscillations in a weakly connected system is surveyed. Also, singular value decomposition (SVD)-based approach is used to analyze and assess the controllability of the poorly damped electromechanical modes by VSC-HVDC different control channels. The problem of supplementary damping controller based VSC-HVDC system is formulated as an optimization problem according to the time domain-based objective function which is solved using quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO). Individual designs of the HVDC controllers using QPSO method are evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed controllers on damping low frequency oscillations is checked through eigenvalue analysis and non-linear time simulation under various disturbance conditions over a wide range of loading.

Coordination of Synergetic Excitation Controller and SVC Damping Controller Using Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper addresses the enhancement of power system stability by simultaneous tuning of synergetic excitation damping controller and SVC （static var compensator）-based damping controllers. Each machine or generator is considered as a subsystem and its interaction with the remaining part of the system, the SVC inclusive, is modeled as a quadratic function of the active power delivered by the generator. Stable manifold is constructed for each excitation controller and based on that, an effective damping controller is derived. A lead-lag compensator is employed as a supplementary controller for the SVC. PSO （particle swarm optimization） algorithm is effectively utilized to simultaneously tune the parameters for the excitation damping controller（s） and the SVC supplementary controller. The coordination of the controllers effectively dampens the power angle oscillation and regulates the generator terminal voltage when a fault occurs. Simulation results are obtained by using the PAT （power analysis toolbox） for a SMIB （single machine infinite bus） system and a two area power system.

Effect of kappa distribution on the damping rate of the obliquely propagating magnetosonic mode

Data from spacecrafts suggest that space plasma has an abundance of suprathermal particles which are controlled by the spectral index κ when modeled on kappa particle velocity distribution. In this paper, considering homogeneous plasma, the effect of integer values of κ on the damping rate of an obliquely propagating magnetosonic（MS） wave is studied. The frequency of the MS wave is assumed to be less than ion cyclotron frequency, i.e.,iw（28）w. Under this assumption, the dispersion relation is investigated both numerically and analytically, and it is found that the real frequency of the wave is not a sensitive function of κ, but the imaginary part of the frequency is. It is also shown that for those values of κ where a large number of resonant particles participate in wave–particle interaction, the wave is heavily damped, as expected. The possible application of the results to the solar wind is discussed.

Nonlinear Landau damping of high frequency waves in non-Maxwellian plasmas

Space plasmas often possess non-Maxwellian distribution functions which have a significant effect on the plasma waves. When a laser or electron beam passes through a dense plasma, hot low density electron populations can be generated to alter the wave damping/growth rate. In this paper, we present theoretical analysis of the nonlinear Landau damping for Langmuir waves in a plasma where two electron populations are found. The results show a marked difference between the Maxwellian and non-Maxwellian instantaneous damping rates when we employ a non-Maxwellian distribution function called the generalized （r, q） distribution function, which is the generalized form of the kappa and Maxwellian distribution functions. In the limiting case of r = 0 and q→∞, it reduces to the classical Maxwellian distribution function, and when r = 0 and q→k ＋1, it reduces to the kappa distribution function.

铰链结构颗粒阻尼防振锤及输电线振动控制研究

为解决微风振动所造成的输电线疲劳破坏、低频振动吸收不明显问题,提出一种新型柔性约束颗粒阻尼防振锤结构,并研究其对输电线振动控制效果。设计一种铰链结构,将导线的振动传导至防振锤并起到将防振锤横向位移放大的效果,为通过颗粒阻尼充分耗能提供有利条件;通过柔性约束颗粒和防振锤腔体灵活设计,增强防振锤中颗粒间的摩擦耗能,进而实现对输电线振动的抑制。在实验室中搭建防振锤-输电线实验平台,分析防振锤对输电线振动控制特性。研究结果表明:带有铰链结构防振锤在保持线夹处动弯应变不变的情况下,具有更好的低频振动抑制效果;所设计的新型柔性颗粒铰链防振锤对于输电线的振动控制效果明显,且具有抑制宽频振动特性。研究结果可为输电线的微风振动控制以及新型防振锤的设计提供新的思路和技术途径。

基于多孔材料的圆柱空腔声学覆盖层优化设计

在发射及飞行过程中外部环境产生的声学和振动激励易对运载火箭内部有效载荷产生威胁,多孔材料作为一种轻质吸声材料被广泛运用于运载火箭整流罩的降噪减振相关研究中.本文基于多孔材料物理模型和多流体阻抗传递理论,结合声学阻抗管实验以及声学有限元,利用粒子群优化算法开展了多孔材料参数拟合以及声学性能优化研究.利用三聚氰胺、聚酯纤维和玻璃棉三种多孔材料设计了一种多层多孔材料声学覆盖层,对其厚度分配以及排布方式等因素进行了优化设计,并设置了对照组,通过阻抗管实验验证了优化后的声学覆盖层的吸声系数得到了显著提升;基于整流罩圆柱段圆柱空腔实验平台验证了多层多孔材料声学覆盖层的降噪减振性能,通过声学有限元对多孔材料在圆柱空腔内的敷设位置以及敷设率对降噪减振的影响开展了仿真分析,并为敷设位置以及敷设率的选取给出了工程建议,能对多孔材料的实际应用提供设计指导.

A versatile test bench for photomultiplier tube characterization and its application in the DAMPE-PSD

Performance characterization for massive photomultiplier tubes(PMTs) is a frequently encountered procedure in large nuclear and particle experiments.To facilitate this work,a dedicated test bench system has been developed at the Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The two-dimensional photocathode position scanning capability is an intrinsic function of the test bench,and up to 25 PMTs,with the diameter smaller than 2",can be tested simultaneously.The parameters of the light source pulses can be adjusted in a wide range,thus making it suitable for various characteristics measurements.The test bench system is highly automated with all the controlling operations integrated into a single software.Additionally,the hardware platform is extensible which allows complex testing schemes,and the modularity in the software design makes the migration from one testing configuration to another light-weight and efficient.All these features make the test bench versatile and reusable in different experiments.It has been first used in the construction of the Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) of DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE),and a total of 570 Hamamatsu R4443 tubes were tested successfully.The performance was verified and the testing results are also reported in this article.

Novel Adaptive Neural Controller Design Based on HVDC Transmission System to Damp Low Frequency Oscillations and Sub Synchronous Resonance

This paper presents the effect of the high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system based on voltage source converter (VSC) on the sub synchronous resonance (SSR) and low frequency oscillations (LFO) in power system. Also, a novel adaptive neural controller based on neural identifier is proposed for the HVDC which is capable of damping out LFO and sub synchronous oscillations (SSO). For comparison purposes, results of system based damping neural controller are compared with a lead-lag controller based on quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO). It is shown that implementing adaptive damping controller not only improves the stability of power system but also can overcome drawbacks of conventional compensators with fixed parameters. In order to determine the most effective input of HVDC system to apply supplementary controller signal, analysis based on singular value decomposition is performed. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, transient simulations of detailed nonlinear system are considered.

Damping of Particle-Reinforced Composites Due to Interfacial Sliding

Mechanical damping of composites reinforced by randomly distributed particles due to interfacial sliding is analyzed. The matrix is elastically isotropic, and the particles are assumed rigid and of identical radii. An auxiliary problem is solved at first for the steady-state response of an infinite matrix containing a single inclusion to a harmonic external load. The result is then used to derive the explicit expression of the specific damping capability of the composite by using Mori-Tanaka＇s mean-field method. Numerical results are given and discussed in detail. It is concluded that the overall damping of the composite depends on several factors, including volume fraction of particles, Poisson＇s ratio of matrix and a dimensionless parameter that incorporates the combined effects of particle size, matrix stiffness, interracial viscosity and vibration frequency. The result is expected to be helpful in tailoring the damping performance of particle-reinforced composites.

考虑水化期影响的橡胶-钢渣填料动力特性与微观分析

废弃钢渣和轮胎是两大工业固体废弃物,用废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒作为质地较重的钢渣的改轻材料,将橡胶-钢渣混合填料用来代替日渐干涸的砂石料,十分符合国家的节能环保政策。因为钢渣的物理力学特征具有时效特性,为了研究橡胶-钢渣填料考虑时间效应的动力特性,采用共振柱试验研究考虑水化期、橡胶颗粒含量和橡胶颗粒粒径对橡胶-钢渣填料的动剪切模量、阻尼等动力特性的变化规律;基于Hardin-Drnevich双曲线模型建立橡胶-钢渣填料养护后的动力特性模型,以Botlzman函数描述最大动剪切模量变化规律以及最大阻尼比的参考范围,得出橡胶掺入比为5%的橡胶-钢渣填料动剪切模量最大,且密度改善明显;掺入的橡胶颗粒粒径较小时有助于提高水化潜力,掺入的橡胶颗粒粒径较大时提高水化潜力不大,橡胶-钢渣填料最佳配比为橡胶颗粒粒径为0~1 mm,橡胶颗粒含量为5%。与传统砂土动力特性进行对比,得出橡胶-钢渣填料水化前动剪切模量略高于传统细砂水平,水化90d后动剪切模量接近为哈尔滨中砂水平,略低于福建标准砂,相应的工程条件下可以用其作为一种填料代替砂土。通过微观电子显微镜对橡胶-钢渣填料颗粒进行微观试验,发现橡胶-钢渣填料的水化反应可分为潜伏、诱导、侵蚀、加速和放缓5个阶段,掺入橡胶颗粒使得水化反应具有滞后性,其中期结构形式改变,但并不影响水化产物的变化。

橡胶砾石级配对筋土界面循环剪切特性的影响

橡胶砾石作为基础填料,具有低剪切刚度、高阻尼比的特性。为了研究土工格栅-橡胶砾石的循环剪切特性,利用室内动态直剪仪进行了一系列直剪试验,分析了4种橡胶砾石颗粒级配(级配不良GR1、GR4,级配良好GR2、GR3)、3种橡胶配比(10%、30%、60%)、3种竖向应力(30、60、90 kPa)下土工格栅-橡胶砾石界面的剪应力-剪切位移关系和体变特性。试验结果表明:在循环剪切过程中,各橡胶砾石级配均表现出剪切硬化的特点,但其抗剪强度与纯砾石相比均出现不同程度的降低;橡胶砾石抗剪强度随着竖向应力的增加而增大,4种级配土中GR2表现出最高的抗剪强度,但相较于纯砾石其抗剪强度约下降9%;界面最大竖向位移与竖向应力和橡胶含量成正相关,2种连续级配土GR2和GR3的界面竖向位移较小;在同一颗粒级配下,剪切频率和剪切位移幅值越大,混合土界面峰值剪应力越大;筋土界面剪切刚度随着循环次数的增加而增大,随着橡胶含量的增大而减小,而阻尼比与剪切刚度呈相反的规律。

颗粒阻尼在浮筏隔振系统中的减振特性研究

在船载和舰载机械设备的隔振工程实践中,浮筏系统作为一种高效被动振动控制措施得到广泛应用。为进一步提高浮筏隔振系统的减振效果,以一低内阻浮筏隔振系统为研究对象,采用子结构导纳法建立其动力学方程。设计由厚壁铝壳和不同粒径钢珠构成的颗粒阻尼器,将其安装于浮筏隔振系统的上平台或下平台。使用激振器对浮筏隔振系统进行扫频激励,通过对比安装有等质量的颗粒阻尼器和配重的隔振系统振级落差,定义颗粒阻尼器的替代损失和平均替代损失,通过该指标研究颗粒阻尼安装位置、粒径、填充率、表面粗糙度等对隔振性能的影响,并对颗粒阻尼器减振效果进行评估。研究表明,在浮筏隔振系统中颗粒阻尼器在较宽频段上都能起到良好减振效果,颗粒阻尼器平均替代损失大约能够达到4dB。

非堆积型多颗粒阻尼器等效力学模型及其减振性能分析

为考虑颗粒群碰撞过程中时间效应对非堆积型多颗粒阻尼器(non-packed particle damper, NPPD)减振性能的影响,在现有考虑惯容的等效单颗粒力学模型(equivalent inertia single-particle model, EISM)研究基础上,提出了基于接触单元法的等效单颗粒力学模型(equivalent inertia single-particle model based on contact element method, EISM-CE),并基于Runge-Kutta算法建立了NPPD单自由度结构运动状态求解算法。设计进行附加NPPD单层钢框架结构振动台试验,探究不同填充率对结构顶层位移频响曲线的影响规律,提出了EISM-CE参数取值原则,进而进行力学模型试验验证及模型对比分析。在模型验证合理性基础上,基于EISM-CE依次进行了自由振动、简谐激励及记录强震动下减振性能及能量变化规律分析。研究结果表明,与现有EISM相比,提出的基于接触单元法的EISM-CE模型及参数取值原则更加合理有效。减振性能数值分析结果表明,不同激励下NPPD均具有较好的减振性能;考虑碰撞时间效应后EISM-CE与EISM对应减振性能及机理分析结果存在一定的差异。

PSO算法下GP-周期随机共振的微弱OFDM信号检测

为了解决传统随机共振系统在微弱正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)信号解调应用中存在的人工选择参数困难、解调效果差的问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PWO)算法的GP(Gaussian Potential)-周期随机共振系统的微弱OFDM信号检测方法。该方法利用GP-周期随机系统对OFDM信号经正交变换后的两路高频信号分别进行随机共振,同时运用阻尼参数与信号频率之间的关系对两路信号进行降频处理,使得上下两路信号都能够发生随机共振;然后使用PWO算法对随机共振的系统参数进行优化处理,以使得上下两路信号达到最优的共振效果;最后,将上下两路共振之后的信号合成完成OFDM信号解调,得到最终的数字序列。本文探讨了优化前后GP-周期随机共振系统的共振效果,研究了优化前后GP-周期随机共振诱导下的OFDM系统星座图的聚集程度以及误码率情况,对比分析了经典双稳随机共振、经典三稳随机共振和所提模型对OFDM信号检测的影响。仿真结果表明:相比常用的传统随机共振模型,该方法用于OFDM信号检测的星座图中信号点的聚集程度更高,同时OFDM系统误码率在同样的信噪比下降低50%左右。

粒子阻尼悬臂管道减振特性试验研究与仿真分析

粒子阻尼技术是一种被动减振降噪技术,已成功应用于多个领域。以附加在悬臂管道上的粒子阻尼为研究对象,试验验证粒子阻尼器对悬臂管道振动的减振能力,同时仿真模拟研究不同粒子阻尼器参数对悬臂管道的减振特性影响。结果说明粒子阻尼器对悬臂管道有显著减振效果。试验结果与仿真结果相吻合,使算法的有效性得到验证;该研究可为管道减振措施提供重要参考。

基于改进粒子群算法的阻尼惯量自适应控制策略

针对传统虚拟同步发电机控制策略存在暂态调节时间长及稳定性差等问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群算法的阻尼惯量自适应控制策略。首先,通过分析系统受扰动后功角特性,提出阻尼惯量自适应控制策略;然后,利用改进粒子群算法选择控制策略初始值,给出关键参数的选取原则及具体范围;最后,通过与现有控制策略进行对比,分析不同惯量及阻尼下对系统影响并验证控制策略的优越性。结果表明,该策略可有效提高系统稳定性及动态响应性能。

阻尼减振技术在推进轴系试验中的应用分析

推进器转子的激励力会通过轴系及艇体产生辐射噪声。阻尼减振是系统振动控制与优化中的一种重要手段,其本质是消耗振源传递的能量,进而降低结构振动响应。搭建轴系试验台架,以轴系振动加速度总值级为评价指标,分析加装颗粒阻尼吸振器和换装具有黏弹特性的高锰基合金材料基座的减振效果。试验结果表明这两种基于阻尼的减振方案对推进轴系均有一定的减振效果,可为推进器振动噪声控制提供技术支撑。