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Analysis of Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in Crop Rhizosphere Soil Based on Illumina NovaSeq Sequencing Platform
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作者 Huanhuan JIANG Lu CHEN +4 位作者 Jiamin ZHANG Honghuo HE Xiao CHEN Sainan LI Gang CHEN 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2024年第11期20-24,共5页
[Objectives]To make full use of crop rhizosphere microbial resources.[Methods]Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform was used to analyze the richness and diversity of microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of... [Objectives]To make full use of crop rhizosphere microbial resources.[Methods]Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform was used to analyze the richness and diversity of microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of rice and maize crops in Baitu Town,Gaoyao District,Zhaoqing City.[Results]A total of 14936 OTUs of bacteria and 1905 OTUs of fungi were obtained from three samples of rice rhizosphere soil,and 13437 OTUs of bacteria and 1413 OTUs of fungi were obtained from three samples of maize rhizosphere soil.The diversity and richness of bacterial communities were higher than those of fungi.There are differences in soil bacterial and fungal communities among different crop samples.The analysis of species with bacteria difference at genus level among crop rhizosphere soil samples showed that 18 genera with significant differences were obtained from 6 samples;species analysis of fungi at the genus level showed that 3 genera with significant differences were obtained from 6 samples.[Conclusions]The research results of this paper have positive significance for the development and utilization of soil resources in Zhaoqing City and the full exploitation of rice and maize rhizosphere microbial resources. 展开更多
关键词 Rhizosphere soil microbial flora Community diversity Illumina NovaSeq sequencing
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Effects of Different Vegetable Planting Modes on Soil Microbial Flora and Enzyme Activity 被引量:1
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作者 孟平红 肖厚军 +4 位作者 郭惊涛 蔡霞 潘德怀 付纪勇 李桂莲 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第10期2265-2268,2272,共5页
To investigate the effects of different vegetable growing regions and planting modes on soil quality,soils in high,medium and low altitude areas of Guizhou were respectively sampled under different vegetable efficient... To investigate the effects of different vegetable growing regions and planting modes on soil quality,soils in high,medium and low altitude areas of Guizhou were respectively sampled under different vegetable efficient planting modes,and the variations of soil microbial flora and enzyme activities were analyzed. The soil microbial count and total bacteria of the vegetable efficient cultivation mode were significantly higher than that of the control (traditional planting mode) in each planting area,and the microbial diversity index was also improved to varying de- grees.The soil phosphatase,catalase and urease activities of the vegetable efficient planting mode were higher than that of the control.The soil catalase and urease activities were higher than that of the control by 1.37-1.44 and 1.51-2.80 times. Application of vegetable efficient planting mode in different regions will help to im- prove the soil quality in a given period. 展开更多
关键词 VEGETABLE Efficient planting mode Growing region Soil microbial flora Soil enzyme activity Biodiversity index
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Effect of supplementation of allicin on methanogenesis and ruminal microbial flora in Dorper crossbred ewes 被引量:11
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作者 Tao Ma Dandan Chen +4 位作者 Yan Tu Naifeng Zhang Bingwen Si Kaidong Deng Qiyu Diao 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期194-200,共7页
Background: Garlic extracts have been reported to be effective in reducing methanogenesis. Related mechanisms are not well illustrated, however, and most studies have been conducted in vitro. This study investigates ... Background: Garlic extracts have been reported to be effective in reducing methanogenesis. Related mechanisms are not well illustrated, however, and most studies have been conducted in vitro. This study investigates the effects of supplementary allicin(AL) in sheep diet on in vivo digestibility, rumen fermentation, and shifts of microbial flora.Methods: Two experiments were conducted using Dorper × thin-tailed Han crossbred ewes. In experiment 1,eighteen ewes(60.0 ± 1.73 kg BW) were randomly assigned for 29 days to either of two dietary treatments: a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 2.0 g AL/head?day to investigate supplementary AL on nutrient digestibility and methane emissions. In experiment 2, six ewes(65.2 ± 2.0 kg BW) with ruminal canulas were assigned to the same two dietary treatments as in experiment 1 for 42 days to investigate supplementary AL on ruminal fermentation and microbial flora. The methane emissions were determined using an open-circuit respirometry system and microbial assessment was done by q PCR of 16 S r RNA genes.Results: Supplementary AL increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter(P 〈 0.001), nitrogen(P = 0.006),neutral detergent fiber(P 〈 0.001), and acid detergent fiber(P = 0.002). Fecal nitrogen output was reduced(P = 0.001)but urinary nitrogen output was unaffected(P = 0.691), while nitrogen retention(P = 0.077) and nitrogen retention/nitrogen intake(P = 0.077) tended to increase. Supplementary AL decreased methane emissions scaled to metabolic bodyweight by 5.95 %(P = 0.007) and to digestible organic matter intake by 8.36 %(P = 0.009). Ruminal p H was unaffected(P = 0.601) while ammonia decreased(P = 0.024) and total volatile fatty acids increased(P = 0.024) in response to supplementary AL. Supplementary AL decreased the population of methanogens(P = 0.001) and tended to decrease that of protozoans(P = 0.097), but increased the populations of F. succinogenes(P 〈 0.001), R. flavefaciens(P = 0.001), and B. fibrisolvens(P = 0.001).Conclusions: Supplementation of AL at 2.0 g/head?day effectively enhanced OM, N, NDF, and ADF digestibility and reduced daily methane emissions(L/kg BW0.75) in ewes, probably by decreasing the population of ruminal protozoans and methanogens. 展开更多
关键词 Allicin Digestibility Ewe Methane microbial flora
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Research Progress on the Relationship between Skin Microbial Flora and Skin Health 被引量:1
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作者 Jiang Chunpeng 《China Detergent & Cosmetics》 2019年第1期47-51,共5页
This paper discusses the researches on human skin microbial flora in the past 50 years, including research methods, characteristics of human skin microbial flora and key influencing factors, etc. The dynamic relations... This paper discusses the researches on human skin microbial flora in the past 50 years, including research methods, characteristics of human skin microbial flora and key influencing factors, etc. The dynamic relationship between microbial flora and skin health is further discussed. Finally, the potential application of the research in the future is put forward. This paper also points out that the microbial flora may become the inevitable and necessary future trend of daily chemical products, maximizing the balance between human skin health and beauty. 展开更多
关键词 human microbial flora MICROflora diversity gene detection SKIN HEALTH
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Unraveling colorectal cancer prevention:The vitamin D-gut flora-immune system nexus
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作者 Zhi-Song Zhan Zu-Shun Zheng +3 位作者 Jing Shi Juan Chen Si-Yi Wu Shi-Yan Zhang 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2024年第6期2394-2403,共10页
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the world.Although environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC,extensive research has suggested that vitamin D ma... Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the world.Although environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC,extensive research has suggested that vitamin D may play a pivotal role in the development of CRC.Vitamin D,primarily obtained through sunlight exposure,dietary sources,and supplements,has long been recognized for its essential functions in maintaining health,including immune regulation.This article delves into the intricate relationship between vitamin D,the immune system,gut flora,and the prevention of CRC.It presents a synthesis of epidemiological data,experimental studies,and clinical trials,highlighting the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences immune cell function,cytokine production,and inflammation.By enhancing the immune system’s surveillance and antitumor activity,vitamin D may offer a promising avenue for CRC prevention.Furthermore,this comprehensive review delves into the prospective clinical applications of vitamin D supplementation and delineates the forthcoming avenues of research in this dynamic domain.Additionally,the paper tentatively outlines a spectrum of prophylactic impacts of vitamin D on CRC,emphasizing its significant potential in reducing CRC risk through shedding light on its mechanisms,encompassing antineoplastic mechanisms,influences on the immune system,and modulation of the gut microbiome. 展开更多
关键词 Colorectal cancer Vitamin D Immune system Gut flora IMMUNOMODULATION microbial dysbiosis Cancer prevention
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Intestinal flora: New perspective of type 2 diabetes
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作者 Yan Liu Jun Chang Li-Ding Bai 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第11期1996-1999,共4页
Diabetes comprises a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia stemming from various factors.Current diabetes management primarily focuses on blood glucose control,yet it is inherently progressive,nec... Diabetes comprises a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia stemming from various factors.Current diabetes management primarily focuses on blood glucose control,yet it is inherently progressive,necessitating increased reliance on exogenous blood glucose control methods over time.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore novel intervention strategies addressing both diabetes and its complications.The human intestinal microbiota,often referred to as the"second genome",exhibits significant diversity and plays a pivotal role in insulin resistance,glucose and lipid metabolism,and inflammatory response.Notably,Li and Guo have elucidated the involvement of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and proposed a novel therapeutic approach targeting intestinal microbes.This advancement enhances our comprehension of the multifaceted and multi-target regulation of T2DM by intestinal microflora,thereby offering fresh avenues for understanding its pathogenesis and clinical management.This letter briefly summarizes the role of intestinal flora in T2DM based on findings from animal experiments and clinical studies.Additionally,it discusses the potential clinical applications and challenges associated with targeting intestinal flora as therapeutic interventions. 展开更多
关键词 microbial metabolites Intestinal flora PROBIOTICS Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes
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Dose Response of Ruminal Microbial Flora and Metabolism of Sheep to Supplemental Polyacrylamide
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作者 Chen Mo Luo Qiujiang +2 位作者 Chen Yong Liu Shimin Zang Changjiang 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2022年第1期7-15,共9页
[Objective] The paper was to test the effects of polyacrylamide(PAM) on ruminal microbial flora, activities of fibre-degrading enzymes and voluntary feed intake(VFI) of sheep. [Method] Five of 2-3 years old male Small... [Objective] The paper was to test the effects of polyacrylamide(PAM) on ruminal microbial flora, activities of fibre-degrading enzymes and voluntary feed intake(VFI) of sheep. [Method] Five of 2-3 years old male Small-tail Han sheep, with body weight of(51.5±4.1) kg and fitted with permanent rumen fistula were used. By a 5×5 Latin square design, sheep were fed a basal diet supplemented with PAM at 0(control), 1.0, 2.0,3.0 and 6.0 g/kg diet, respectively. [Result] PAM supplementation affected VFI and ruminal indexes, and the peak values of them were at 2.0 g/kg diet by 17.9% for VFI, 56.6% for total bacteria, 18.3% for endocellulase, 19.4% for exocellulase and 16.5% for cellubiase( all P<0.05), respectively,compared with control. The NH3-N, protozoal counts, and the protease activity in rumen fluid were all linearly declined, but fungal counts increased linearly. No significant changes were found in pH, activities of xylanase and amylase of rumen fluid. The PCR copies of Fibrobacter succinogenes,Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrisolven and Selenomonas ruminantium increased to maximum of 21.4%, 22.7%, 22.6% and 20.6%(all above P<0.05), whereas these of Prevotella bryantii, Clostridium aminophilum, methanogens and microscopic counting of great coli decreased to maximum of 24.5%, 34.8%, 21.2% and 52.2%(all above P<0.05);but Salmonella bovis and Prevotella ruminicola were not affected by PAM. [Conclusion]PAM supplementation at 2.0 g/kg diet can reduce protozoa but increase bacteria, particularly those species for fibre digestion, and fungi in rumen.The effect of PAM on bacterial species was selective. These changes finally enhanced activities of enzymes for fibre digestion in rumen, and stimu-lated VFI of sheep, suggesting a potential application of PAM in ruminant production. 展开更多
关键词 POLYACRYLAMIDE SHEEP microbial flora Feed intake RUMEN
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Gut microbiome:New perspectives for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment 被引量:1
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作者 Shu-Xiao Li Yan Guo 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第31期7508-7520,共13页
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is distinguished by increased glucose levels in the bloodstream,is a metabolic disease with a rapidly increasing incidence worldwide.Nevertheless,the etiology and characteristics o... Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),which is distinguished by increased glucose levels in the bloodstream,is a metabolic disease with a rapidly increasing incidence worldwide.Nevertheless,the etiology and characteristics of the mechanism of T2DM remain unclear.Recently,abundant evidence has indicated that the intestinal microbiota is crucially involved in the initiation and progression of T2DM.The gut microbiome,the largest microecosystem,engages in material and energy metabolism in the human body.In this review,we concentrated on the correlation between the gut flora and T2DM.Meanwhile,we summarized the pathogenesis involving the intestinal flora in T2DM,as well as therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the gut microbiota for the management of T2DM.Through the analysis presented here,we draw attention to further exploration of these research directions. 展开更多
关键词 microbial metabolites Intestinal flora PROBIOTICS Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes
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复合益生菌发酵饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标的影响 被引量:3
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作者 苏晓月 沈亚安 王艳萍 《饲料研究》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第4期13-17,共5页
试验旨在研究复合益生菌发酵饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标的影响。选择64只体重(29.25±0.35) kg、健康的杜寒杂交育肥公羊,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复4只羊。对照组、试验1组、试验2组、... 试验旨在研究复合益生菌发酵饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标的影响。选择64只体重(29.25±0.35) kg、健康的杜寒杂交育肥公羊,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复4只羊。对照组、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别在基础饲粮中添加0、5%、10%、15%复合益生菌发酵饲料。试验期60 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验1组平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),试验2组和试验3组末重和平均日增重均显著升高(P<0.05),料重比均显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组和试验3组的粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05);试验1组、试验2组和试验3组的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均显著升高(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量均显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组和试验3组的沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验2组、试验3组的免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著升高(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性以及尿素氮(BUN)、丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,肉羊饲粮中添加10%和15%复合益生菌发酵饲料能够改善肉羊的生长性能、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标,提高养分表观消化率。 展开更多
关键词 复合益生菌发酵饲料 肉羊 生长性能 养分表观消化率 粪便微生物菌群 血清指标
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基于高通量测序技术分析蒙古族传统奶酪微生物菌群多样性 被引量:1
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作者 刘敏 林佳卫 +1 位作者 焦昱玮 杜浩月 《中国酿造》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第3期116-120,共5页
以内蒙古牧区蒙古族传统木桶自然发酵生产奶酪为研究对象,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析发酵凝乳及不同成熟阶段奶酪样品的微生物菌群多样性。结果表明,发酵凝乳中细菌菌群多样性最高,奶酪成熟10 d时细菌菌群丰富度及真菌菌群... 以内蒙古牧区蒙古族传统木桶自然发酵生产奶酪为研究对象,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析发酵凝乳及不同成熟阶段奶酪样品的微生物菌群多样性。结果表明,发酵凝乳中细菌菌群多样性最高,奶酪成熟10 d时细菌菌群丰富度及真菌菌群多样性最高,成熟30 d时真菌菌群丰富度最高。发酵凝乳及奶酪成熟过程中优势细菌属(平均相对丰度>1%)为乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、醋酸杆菌属(Acetobacter)、拉乌尔菌属(Raoultella)、葡萄糖杆菌属(Gluconobacter)、链球菌属(Streptococcus);优势真菌属为地霉属(Geotrichum)、伊萨酵母属(Issatchenkia)、克鲁维酵母属(Kluyveromyces)、未分类双足囊菌科(unclassified_f_Dipodascaceae)、毕赤酵母属(Pichia)、孢圆酵母属(Torulaspora)、德克酵母属(Dekkera)。主坐标分析(PCoA)结果表明,发酵凝乳和奶酪成熟0 d时细菌群落结构差异较大,真菌群落结构较为相似;奶酪成熟10 d、20 d和30 d时细菌群落结构较为相似,真菌群落结构差异较大。综上,奶酪成熟过程中微生物丰富,且成熟过程对微生物群落结构具有明显影响。 展开更多
关键词 蒙古族奶酪 高通量测序 微生物群落 多样性 优势菌群
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菌酶发酵饲料对徐淮白山羊生产性能及胃肠微生物菌群的影响
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作者 张林吉 任春芝 +6 位作者 贾燕 孙朋 任士飞 邱良伟 邱士刚 谭学桃 张军 《饲料工业》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第17期56-64,共9页
试验探究菌酶发酵饲料对徐淮白山羊生长性能、屠宰性能及胃肠道微生物菌群的影响。选择体重(10.0±2.0)kg健康白山羊40只,随机分成4组,每组10只羊,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加5%、10%... 试验探究菌酶发酵饲料对徐淮白山羊生长性能、屠宰性能及胃肠道微生物菌群的影响。选择体重(10.0±2.0)kg健康白山羊40只,随机分成4组,每组10只羊,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加5%、10%、20%的菌酶发酵饲料,饲喂180 d后屠宰,取样,对山羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态和微生物菌群结构进行测定。结果表明:与对照组比较,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组的终末体重、平均日增重等7项生产性能指标显著增加(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组的屠宰率、眼肌面积等9项屠宰指标和9项器官发育指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组的胴体重、屠宰率等6项指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组的十二指肠绒毛和空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的瘤胃Chao1指数、Simpson指数和Ace指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3个试验组的拟杆菌门、纤维杆菌门和疣微菌门的丰度值显著提高(P<0.05),厚壁菌门和放线菌门的丰度值显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的普雷沃氏菌属、丁酸弧菌属、纤维杆菌属和疣微菌属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),3个试验组拟杆菌属和密螺旋体属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肠道的Chao1指数、Ace指数明显高于对照组(P<0.05);3个试验组厚壁菌门的丰度值均高于对照组(P<0.05),变形菌门的丰度值显著降低(P<0.05);3个试验组普雷沃氏菌属的丰度值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),琥珀酸弧菌属、沙门氏菌属、弯曲菌属和埃希氏菌属丰度值均显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,徐淮白山羊日粮中添加10%~20%菌酶发酵饲料可以提高其生长性能、屠宰性能,改善胃肠道健康。 展开更多
关键词 徐淮白山羊 菌酶发酵饲料 生长性能 微生物菌群 屠宰性能
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废纸制浆造纸废水好氧生物强化增效处理研究
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作者 丁来保 朱津苇 +2 位作者 杨然 郭奇 田庆文 《林产化学与工业》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期9-17,共9页
以竹炭为载体制备氮铈掺杂改性且固定化微生物及微量元素的生物增效材料,采用生物强化增效技术对废纸制浆造纸废水的好氧处理进行优化,通过降低生化处理出水浓度来降低深度处理的难度和成本。利用SEM和16S rRNA测序等手段对活性污泥表... 以竹炭为载体制备氮铈掺杂改性且固定化微生物及微量元素的生物增效材料,采用生物强化增效技术对废纸制浆造纸废水的好氧处理进行优化,通过降低生化处理出水浓度来降低深度处理的难度和成本。利用SEM和16S rRNA测序等手段对活性污泥表面形貌及结构和微生物菌落结构进行分析,综合评价了生物强化增效技术对废纸制浆废水好氧生物处理性能的影响。研究结果表明:该技术可以提高污染物生物降解能力,提高生物处理效果。普通生化处理出水COD平均值140 mg/L、氨氮平均值2.3 mg/L,色度平均值260倍,平均COD去除率86.47%、平均氨氮去除率88.83%、平均色度去除率33.33%;同等条件下,生物增效处理出水COD平均值72.2 mg/L、氨氮平均值0.95 mg/L、色度平均值50倍,平均COD去除率93.02%、平均氨氮去除率达到了95.39%、平均色度去除率87.18%,处理效果明显优于普通生化处理。生物增效处理出水采用传统PAC或PFS处理均可达到排放标准,且PFS的处理成本低至0.63元/m^(3);而普通生化处理只能采用芬顿处理才能达到排放标准,且处理成本达3.27元/m^(3)。SEM分析结果显示:生物增效处理的活性污泥絮体结构紧凑,具有更高的生物量;与普通生化处理的污泥相比,生物增效处理的污泥中脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)丰度增加了3.07和2.29个百分点,unclassified_o_PB19属增加了2.96个百分点,说明生物增效材料的投加能帮助一些具备特殊降解功能的微生物创造有利生存环境并激活其生长,提高了反应体系的定向降解能力。 展开更多
关键词 废纸制浆造纸废水 活性污泥法处理 生物强化增效 碳基改性材料 微生物菌群结构
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母牛生殖道微生物与繁殖性能相关性研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 刘欣 丁辉 +1 位作者 郭延生 王建东 《中国畜牧杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期68-74,共7页
母牛生殖道拥有独立的微生物菌群,这些微生物菌群在生命早期就已经建立。生殖道结构的连续性使不同生殖器官之间的微生物菌群具有一定关联性。拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门是所有生殖器官主要的共生菌,其次是放线菌门、梭杆菌门和特内... 母牛生殖道拥有独立的微生物菌群,这些微生物菌群在生命早期就已经建立。生殖道结构的连续性使不同生殖器官之间的微生物菌群具有一定关联性。拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门是所有生殖器官主要的共生菌,其次是放线菌门、梭杆菌门和特内里菌门。在母牛配种或产犊期间,外界微生物进入母牛生殖系统会改变原本微生物菌群的结构,对生殖道微生物菌群结构进行干预可治疗相关生殖疾病。本文综述了母牛生殖道微生物对繁殖性能的影响,以期为母牛繁殖的优化管理提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 母牛 生殖道 微生物菌群 繁殖性能
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果寡糖对哺乳羔羊营养物质表观消化率及粪便微生物菌群的影响
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作者 李炯 唐亚楠 +6 位作者 魏赜 段春辉 刘月琴 张英杰 郭云霞 纪守坤 严慧 《动物营养学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期1096-1106,共11页
本试验旨在研究果寡糖对哺乳羔羊营养物质表观消化率及粪便微生物菌群的影响。选择15日龄、体重相近的湖羊羔羊44只,随机分为4组:对照组开食料中不添加果寡糖,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组开食料中分别添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%果寡糖。所有羔羊60日龄断奶... 本试验旨在研究果寡糖对哺乳羔羊营养物质表观消化率及粪便微生物菌群的影响。选择15日龄、体重相近的湖羊羔羊44只,随机分为4组:对照组开食料中不添加果寡糖,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组开食料中分别添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%果寡糖。所有羔羊60日龄断奶,记为第0天。羔羊第-7、7天进行消化代谢试验。试验期间记录羔羊腹泻情况并采集直肠粪样。断奶后继续饲喂至74日龄,试验期共59 d。结果表明:1)处理显著影响哺乳羔羊腹泻率以及腹泻频率(P<0.05),对照组哺乳羔羊腹泻率和腹泻频率显著高于各试验组(P<0.05)。时间、处理×时间对羔羊腹泻率和腹泻频率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)处理对羔羊干物质采食量(DMI)及粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05),对干物质(DM)和粗脂肪(EE)的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。Ⅱ组DMI显著高于对照组(P<0.05),与Ⅰ、Ⅲ组无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照组羔羊CP表观消化率显著低于各试验组(P<0.05)。时间显著影响了DMI、CP、EE、NDF、ADF表观消化率(P<0.05),断奶后各组DMI高于断奶前,断奶后各组CP、EE、NDF、ADF表观消化率较断奶前降低。处理×时间对哺乳羔羊DMI、DM、CP、EE、NDF、ADF表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)处理、时间均显著影响了羔羊粪便乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05)。随着试验时间的延长,各试验组羔羊乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。处理×时间显著影响了乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05)。综上所述,在开食料中添加果寡糖可提高哺乳羔羊营养物质表观消化率,并可通过增加肠道有益菌数量、抑制有害菌生长,减少羔羊腹泻。本试验条件下,在哺乳羔羊饲粮中果寡糖的适宜添加量为1.0%。 展开更多
关键词 羔羊 果寡糖 断奶 表观消化率 微生物菌群
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川白獭兔和伊拉兔行为、血清生化指标和盲肠微生物菌群的比较研究
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作者 符翔 陈朴然 +2 位作者 李静 叶鑫 吕景智 《甘肃农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期11-21,共11页
【目的】比较川白獭兔和伊拉兔行为、血清生化指标和盲肠微生物菌群的差异,并探讨行为与盲肠微生物菌群之间的潜在联系。【方法】选取健康状况良好的35日龄雄性断奶川白獭兔和伊拉兔各72只,各分为24个重复,每个重复3只兔。预饲期7d,正试... 【目的】比较川白獭兔和伊拉兔行为、血清生化指标和盲肠微生物菌群的差异,并探讨行为与盲肠微生物菌群之间的潜在联系。【方法】选取健康状况良好的35日龄雄性断奶川白獭兔和伊拉兔各72只,各分为24个重复,每个重复3只兔。预饲期7d,正试期33d,试验共持续40d。宰前24h,观察川白獭兔和伊拉兔的行为。在75日龄时,进行强直不动性行为测试、新物体试验和旷场试验。将75日龄的川白獭兔和伊拉兔进行屠宰,采集血样测定血清生化指标,并采集盲肠内容物测定微生物组。【结果】川白獭兔躺、闻嗅和食粪行为频率显著高于伊拉兔(P<0.05),坐、社交行为和啃咬笼具行为频率显著低于伊拉兔(P<0.05)。川白獭兔躺和食粪行为持续时间显著长于伊拉兔(P<0.05),进食、坐和啃咬笼具行为持续时间显著短于伊拉兔(P<0.05)。川白獭兔和伊拉兔强直不动性试验和新物体试验差异均不显著(P>0.05)。在旷场试验中,川白獭兔静止不动时间、后腿直立次数显著高于伊拉兔(P<0.05),但探索时间显著低于伊拉兔(P<0.05)。在血清生化方面,川白獭兔组的血清葡萄糖含量显著低于伊拉兔(P<0.05)。川白獭兔和伊拉兔盲肠微生物Alpha多样性差异不显著(P>0.05),厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门为两个兔品种的优势菌门,拟杆菌门与食粪行为时长呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。【结论】与伊拉兔相比,川白獭兔血清葡萄糖浓度较低,此外,川白獭兔啃咬笼具行为频率低、持续时间短,提示川白獭兔的刻板行为少。 展开更多
关键词 川白獭兔 伊拉兔 行为 血清生化 微生物菌群
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基于阴道菌群构成变化的宫颈上皮内瘤变恶性转归风险预测模型的构建及其临床价值
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作者 金姣 刘云 +1 位作者 文志发 冯晓丹 《现代肿瘤医学》 CAS 2024年第5期908-913,共6页
目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)恶性转归的危险因素,构建风险预警模型并探讨其临床应用价值。方法:选取2017年01月至2019年10月在本院收治的112例CIN患者为研究对象,分为CIN恶性转归组(n=56)和CIN组(... 目的:探讨宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)恶性转归的危险因素,构建风险预警模型并探讨其临床应用价值。方法:选取2017年01月至2019年10月在本院收治的112例CIN患者为研究对象,分为CIN恶性转归组(n=56)和CIN组(n=56)。通过Illumina MiSeq平台分析阴道菌群分布特征;采用多因素Logistic回归分析CIN恶性转归的危险因素,构建风险预警模型并转化为风险评分系统;采用Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验和受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估模型的拟合程度和风险预测效能;采用10-折交叉法对模型进行内部和外部验证。结果:CIN恶性转归组加德纳菌属、普雷沃菌属、嗜胨菌属、解脲脲原体及纤毛菌属的菌群丰度显著高于CIN组,其特征菌群为解脲脲原体和普雷沃菌属;两组研究对象高危HPV持续感染、病变面积/宫颈面积比值、腺体受累情况、解脲脲原体以及普雷沃菌群分布情况进行比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=22.501、9.190、17.308、4.356、4.323,均P<0.05);高危HPV持续感染、病变面积/宫颈面积比值≥2/3、腺体受累、解脲脲原体以及普雷沃菌属感染是CIN恶性转归的风险因素(均P<0.05);模型组ROC曲线下面积为0.809[95%CI(0.724~0.877),P<0.001],验证组ROC曲线下面积为0.820[95%CI(0.736~0.886),P<0.001];Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验数据显示模型组拟合度较好(χ^(2)=4.3283,P=0.2281),验证组拟合度较好(χ^(2)=6.3307,P=0.1758)。结论:基于阴道菌群构成变化构建的CIN恶性转归风险预警模型具有较好的预测效果,可为宫颈癌的预防及干预提供针对性的指导价值。 展开更多
关键词 宫颈上皮内瘤变 恶性转归 阴道菌群 预警模型
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强化生物技术降解VOCs的微生物优势菌门研究进展
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作者 马海彬 杜昭 +1 位作者 司旗 方鹏浩 《应用化工》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期484-488,共5页
综述了利用表面活性剂、优化生物反应器和真菌微生物等方法来发挥微生物优势菌群在生物净化强化技术中的作用,重点阐述了微生物的优势菌门在治理大气中挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)中的重要意义,利用高通量宏基因测... 综述了利用表面活性剂、优化生物反应器和真菌微生物等方法来发挥微生物优势菌群在生物净化强化技术中的作用,重点阐述了微生物的优势菌门在治理大气中挥发性有机物(Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)中的重要意义,利用高通量宏基因测序对生物反应器中的微生物群落信息进行分析,指出微生物在强化生物技术方面的重要作用。 展开更多
关键词 强化生物技术 VOCS 微生物群落 优势菌群 生物菌株
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空间辐射对肠道菌群及其代谢产物和多系统疾病的影响
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作者 吴竹君 张昕 +2 位作者 庞玉笛 邓玉林 王志敏 《空间科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期873-883,共11页
维持肠道菌群的稳态对保障人体健康具有重要意义.肠道菌群在调节机体功能方面发挥着关键作用,例如消化、新陈代谢、免疫及认知等,这些生理功能通常依赖于肠道菌群的多样性、菌群结构的稳定性与微生态的平衡性.在空间环境中,航天员会受... 维持肠道菌群的稳态对保障人体健康具有重要意义.肠道菌群在调节机体功能方面发挥着关键作用,例如消化、新陈代谢、免疫及认知等,这些生理功能通常依赖于肠道菌群的多样性、菌群结构的稳定性与微生态的平衡性.在空间环境中,航天员会受到包括空间辐射在内的诸多特殊环境因素的影响.空间辐射会造成肠道菌群失衡及其代谢产物变化,使肠道屏障功能受损,进一步引起肠道、心血管、脑及肺等多系统病理损伤.本文分析了空间飞行或模拟空间辐射下肠道菌群稳态及其代谢产物的特征性变化,以及辐射效应下肠道菌群与肠道损伤及其他多系统疾病之间的相互影响,为研究空间辐射病理机制及辐射防护措施提供参考. 展开更多
关键词 空间辐射 肠道菌群 代谢产物 辐射损伤 多系统疾病
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微生物燃料电池系统中活性污泥菌种的分离鉴定
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作者 张秀丽 王延明 +3 位作者 李丽杰 乔子安 刘心怡 李春虎 《当代化工》 CAS 2024年第7期1619-1624,共6页
通过传统平板划线技术和高通量测序对不同区域污水处理厂的活性污泥进行微生物多样性分析。通过不同的筛选培养基,共挑取培养得到127株菌,16S测序得到12种不同的微生物。按照微生物分类学的种属特性将菌株分为4类,构建微生物菌团:杆菌... 通过传统平板划线技术和高通量测序对不同区域污水处理厂的活性污泥进行微生物多样性分析。通过不同的筛选培养基,共挑取培养得到127株菌,16S测序得到12种不同的微生物。按照微生物分类学的种属特性将菌株分为4类,构建微生物菌团:杆菌、硝化细菌、光合细菌、混合菌。通过正交实验对菌落的生长曲线进行分析,发现筛选构建的新的菌团生长周期比活性污泥缩短约50 h,构建得到的4种菌团最佳生长温度在30℃左右,其中硝化菌团对pH的适应范围较广,在pH=5~7时都可以正常生长,杆菌和球菌在pH=7的培养基中生长最快。根据优化的培养条件和分离的菌株构建4类新的微生物菌团,代替传统的活性污泥,应用于MFC体系中。 展开更多
关键词 活性污泥 微生物多样性 活性菌团 生长曲线
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基于“微生物-肠-脑轴”理论探讨从脾胃论治偏头痛
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作者 梁爽 成泽东 《中外医学研究》 2024年第5期153-157,共5页
偏头痛是临床上常见的慢性神经血管性疾病,以反复发作、顽固难愈为主要特点,给患者的身体和心理造成了重大困扰,极大地影响了患者的生活质量。近年来对肠道微生态学说的研究不断深入,发现肠道菌群可通过多种途径参与偏头痛的发生发展。... 偏头痛是临床上常见的慢性神经血管性疾病,以反复发作、顽固难愈为主要特点,给患者的身体和心理造成了重大困扰,极大地影响了患者的生活质量。近年来对肠道微生态学说的研究不断深入,发现肠道菌群可通过多种途径参与偏头痛的发生发展。本文基于“微生物-肠-脑轴”理论,从经络、气血、情志、痰浊4个方面进行探讨,为中医从脾胃论治偏头痛提供依据。 展开更多
关键词 微生物-肠-脑轴 肠道菌群 脾胃 偏头痛
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