Actuality research on base of non-pollution agricultural products in Yilan county

The base of non-pollution agricultural products is a prerequisite for the non-pollution agricultural production. Based on two factors, i.e., irrigation water and soil, the environmental quality of Yilan county＇s base of non-pollution agricultural products was evaluated by single pollution index. The main monitoring items included the content of Hg, Se, Cr, Pb, fluoride, and so on, and the evaluating results showed Pi〈1 which indicated that this area was fit for developing not only non-pollution products but also greenfood of A level.

Evaluation on Heavy Metal Pollution of Soil in Pollution-free Agricultural Product Bases in Guangxi

Using data of 6 pollution-free agricultural product bases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,this paper analyzed content of heavy metals,including arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),and chromium(Cr) in soil.After Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As content in soil is determined,it evaluated the pollution of soil using single factor pollution index method and Nemerow synthetic pollution index method in combination with evaluation standard of heavy metals in soil and grading standard for soil pollution.Analysis results indicate that As,Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr content is different in pollution-free agricultural product bases,but all conform to related standards and there is no standard exceeding problem.It is concluded that the quality of soil in pollution-free agricultural product bases is excellent,not polluted and completely meet requirements of evaluation standards,and suitable for developing pollution-free agricultural products.

Chemicals,Energy,and Biomaterials from Agricultural Waste Resources in South China

Owing to its subtropical or tropical environment and climate,South China is home to unique agricultural crops such as sugar cane,pineapple,banana,cassava,and rice,which generate a large amount of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes during agricultural as well as associated industrial processing.The efficient utilization of these wastes will have a significant impact on the economy and sustainable development of South China.This paper reviews the research investigations conducted both in China and elsewhere on the conversion of wastes from these subtropical or tropical agricultural crops into useful chemicals,energy,and biomaterials.The goal of this paper is to promote and summarize the extensive investigations on these agricultural wastes for the development of biorefinery.

Research and Practice of the Construction Mode of the Practical Training Base for Agriculture and Forestry

In response to bottlenecks and dilemmas faced by institutions for agricultural and forestry practical training base construction, and based on Agriculture practical training base of Langfang Polytechnic Institute, this article illustrates the effective exploration and practice of the mode and ways for the construction of the practical training base,which provides some useful experience for the construction of the training base in agricultural and forestry institutions.

长三角一体化发展战略下蚌埠市绿色农产品基地建设路径分析

发展绿色农业产业基地是农业高质量发展的有效途径之一。本文分析了蚌埠市绿色农产品基地建设成效,针对目前建设中待提升的环节,围绕绿色农业产业链,探讨了绿色农产品基地建设路径,包括推进三产融合与绿色农产品基地建立,优化长三角区域绿色农产品供给,培育长三角绿色农产品市场平台,促进以绿色农产品深加工为重点的全产业链发展,提升绿色农产品质量与品牌效应,以及加大农业转型升级要素保障等,为探索长三角绿色农产品基地建设路径提供参考。

太行、太岳抗日根据地农业互助合作运动研究

全面抗战时期,为保证农业生产的顺利进行,太行、太岳抗日根据地积极响应中共中央“组织起来”的号召,开展了互助合作运动。在借鉴吸收农民传统互助形式的基础上,中国共产党采取自愿结合、等价交换、典型引领、劳武结合等方法逐渐将分散的广大农民群众组织起来。实践证明,组织起来进行互助合作在克服根据地劳畜力短缺、提高农业劳动生产效率、改善群众生活上呈现出显著的效果。总结太行、太岳根据地开展农业互助合作运动的历史经验,对当今组织农民投入到乡村振兴的伟大实践仍有一定的参考意义。

基于两类地理标志分析的溯源饮片原料药材种植基地建设区域选择探讨

溯源饮片的实施基础是原料药材的来源稳定、质量可控,而选择适宜区域建设药材基地、开展规范化生产是达到上述要求的有效手段。国家地理标志和农产品地理标志均用于标识某产品的地域特征,这与优质药材基地建设需关注区域选择有很高的契合度。本文汇总已在上海市相关医疗机构流通使用的23个溯源饮片品种的两种地理标志登记情况,结合溯源饮片对药材产地的特殊要求,进行区域对比分析,确定符合溯源要求的地理标志产品区域范围,为相关企业在开展溯源饮片原料药材种植基地建设时的区域选择提供参考。

设施蔬菜基地机耕整地农机农艺融合技术

为提高设施蔬菜基地的整地效率、优化土壤结构并促进蔬菜生长,对农机农艺融合技术在机耕整地中的应用进行了深入分析。基于滨州地区设施蔬菜基地的实际情况,阐述了机耕整地技术的具体实施方法。农机农艺融合技术不仅显著提高了整地效率,优化了土壤结构,为蔬菜生长提供了有利的土壤条件。

集群式农产品供应链区块链密文策略可验多部门监管方案

集群式农产品供应链区块链上的数据逐渐采用加密存储模式,给跨企业、跨生产环节的监管带来挑战。为了适应集群式环境下的监管、减小监管带来的隐私泄露风险,该研究基于CP-ABE提出了集群式农产品供应链区块链密文策略可验多部门监管方案。明确划分监管部门的监管权限,根据链上数据的监管策略,企业用户基于CP-ABE加密数据,在保证数据隐私的同时实现数据对相关监管者的公开;设计基于CP-ABE的密文访问树验证方案,结合智能合约与监管策略,在数据上链前验证CP-ABE的访问树,以确保数据对指定监管者的公开。基于Hyperledger Fabric构建了测试原型系统,测试结果表明,监管策略中监管者数量每增加10个,系统上链时间延长约500 ms,吞吐量约为438事务数/s(transactions/s);安全性分析表明,系统具有较高的安全性。该方案实现了区块链密文条件下多部门的细粒度监管,减小了发生在监管端的隐私泄露风险,能够应对集群式农产品供应链区块链加密存储带来的监管挑战。

Uptake and Use Efficiencies of Nutrients by Sesame and Bambara Nut Alley Crops as Influenced by Manuring in a Cashew-Based Intercropping System in the Guinea Savanna Agroecology of Nigeria

Field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm Cocoa Re-search Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) Sub-Station, Ochaja, in the Southern Guinea Savannaagro ecological zone of Nigeria to examine uptake and use efficien-cies of nutrients by Sesame and Bambara nut alley crops as influenced by manuring in a Cashew-based intercropping system. Experimental treatments were based on responses of sole and intercrop mixtures of Sesame and Bam-bara nut alley crops to Cocoa Pod Husk (CPH), pelletized organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer in a cashew-based intercropping system. Data were collected on the growth and yield variables of the alley crops. Highest nitrogen harvest in-dex (NHI) for seed and leaf of alley crops were obtained from un-manure treated plants. Cocoa pod husk (CPH) significantly enhanced P uptake com-pared with other fertilizers applied. CPH improved Na, Ca, Mg Zn, Cu, P, K and carbohydrate in the leaves and Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, crude fibre and car-bohydrate contents of seeds of sole crops while Sesame + Bambara had en-hanced contents of N, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, P, N, K, moisture, protein, and crude fi-bre, crude protein, moisture content in leaves. The effects of NPK were signifi-cant for N, K Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, P, moisture and crude fibre, while in the un-manure (control) plots influenced N, fat and protein and nitrogen harvest index (NHI) of leaf and seeds. CPH and NPK fertilizers enhanced nutrient up-take and nitrogen harvest index of alley crops. Nutrient uptake was similar for the varieties of Sesame and Bambara nut as affected by the application of 4.84 and 9.68 Kg pelletized organic fertilizer. Sole Bambara had higher N and K concentration in leaves compared with Bambara +Sesame. In addition, sole Bambara had higher values of Physiology efficiency (PE), and fertilizer use ef-ficiency (FAE) compared to the mixed crops of Bambara + sesame. However, physiology efficiency (PE), and fertilizer use efficiency (FAE) were significantly lower for Bambara + Sesame. The un-manure plants had enhanced N, P and K uptake. Varietal effects were pronounced for most of the resource use effi-ciency variables measured. The alley crop varieties responded differently to 4.84 and 9.68 kg pelletized fertilizer treatments (Agronomy Efficiency (AE), N-removed at harvest and Internal Utilization Efficiency (IE) and partial fac-tor productivity (PFP)). Sesame variety NCRIBen04E had enhanced AE, N-remove at harvest, IE and PFP while variety E8 had significantly higher ap-parent Recovery Efficiency (RE), apparent Recovery Efficiency by difference (RE%), Physiology Efficiency (PE), Utilization Efficiency (UE), and internal Utilization Efficient (IE). Bambara variety TVSu999 had higher IUE, Agron-omy Efficiency (AE), Apparent Recovery Efficiency (RE), Physiology Effi-ciency (PE) and Fertilizer Agronomy using Efficiency respectively (FAE) com-pared to variety TVSu1166. The fertilizers affected most of the indicators of nutrient use efficiency (NUE) measured. The effects were significant on AE, agronomic N-use efficiency (ANUE), RE, UE and PFP. NPK fertilizer enhanced Physiology efficiency (PE) and Partial factor production. NPK fertilizer signifi-cantly enhanced NUE parameters compared to CPH and un-manure. CPH manure significantly influenced RE%, PE and IE. The Internal Utilization Effi-ciency and N-remove at harvest were compared with the un-manure plants (control). The effects of 9.68 kg/plot pelletized fertilizer, were pronounced on Agronomy Efficiency (AE), Apparent Recovery Efficiency by difference (RE%), Physiology Efficiency (PE), Utilization Efficiency (UE), N-removed at harvest and Internal Utilization Efficiency (IE). Similar trends were observed in the responses NUE of Sesame and Bambara manuring. The responses sole crops in terms of RE, PE UE PFP were similar while their intercrop combina-tions had significantly higher AE, RE, UE, PFP and N removed at harvest. Sole Sesame significantly influence Agronomy Efficiency (AE), Utilization Effi-ciency (UE), Internal Efficiency (IE) and Partial Fertilizer Production (PFP) and sole Bambara under NPK fertilizer had enhanced N-removed at harvest and apparent recovery by difference (RE%). Bambara + Sesame under cocoa pod husk (CPH) manure had enhanced apparent recovery efficiency by difference (RE%), fertilizer use efficiency (FAE) and internal utilization efficiency (IE). Sesame variety NCRIBen04E had enhanced Agronomy Efficiency (AE), N-removed at harvest and Internal Utilization Efficiency (IE) under 9.68 kg treatment while variety E8 had higher partial factor productivity (PFP) at 4.84 kg/plot pelletized organic fertilizer.

产教融合成果导向背景下广东农产品冷链物流人才培养路径研究

产教融合是将产业与教学紧密结合起来,在结合基础上加强学生的生产实践和管理实践,共建共享职业教育与培训资源,共同培养社会所需的技术技能型人才。成果导向作为一种以学生学习成果为导向的教育理念,根据内外需求反向设计人才培养目标、毕业要求、课程体系,最大限度满足用人单位对人才的需求。产教融合与成果导向理念相互耦合,以成果导向理念指导高职院校产教融合的人才培养路径,强调产出成果的重要性,与职业院校人才培养模式相互契合、高度融合,逐步构建人才共育、成果共享的发展路径,有效服务产业经济发展。

基于新型公平盲签名和属性基加密的食用农产品溯源方案

为解决食用农产品溯源中存在的身份隐私易泄露、难监管以及溯源数据共享困难等问题,该文提出一种基于新型公平盲签名和属性基加密的食用农产品溯源方案。该方案在联盟链授权访问、不可篡改特性的基础上,结合椭圆曲线和零知识证明提出一种新型公平盲签名方法,实现了食用农产品数据上传者身份条件匿名并通过双重ID机制避免了签名方陷害问题;方案同时采用Asmuth-Bloom门限改进的属性基加密结合智能合约技术实现了权限分层的食用农产品溯源数据秘密共享。各项分析及实验结果表明,该方案具备良好的安全性和功能性。

木质素改性化学品及高值化利用

木质素的化学改性方法主要分为3类,包括木质素裂解、合成新的化学活性位点和羟基功能化,这些方法为木质素在聚合物中的应用提供了新的思路。本文总结了木质素作为农用材料在化肥、植物生长调节剂、农药方面的应用;作为生物医学材料在组织工程和DNA传递方面的应用;以及作为智能材料在生物传感和形状可编程材料领域应用的研究进展。

浅谈农作物良种繁育基地建设在西藏农业生产中的作用

“农作物良种繁育基地建设”作为实施“种子工程”的主要措施之一,自2000年起在西藏开始实施,到目前已有20多年的时间。在“农作物良种繁育基地建设”项目实施多年的过程中,逐步建立健全了“125”良繁体系,并取得了一定的成效,主要包括良种统繁统供体系不断健全,供种保障能力明显增强,良种逐级供种制度常态化,良种质量得到大幅提高。这些成效的取得为提高西藏良种质量、良种覆盖率、农业生产用种安全、农业增产增效及农民增收作出了积极的贡献。

海南省农产品基地土壤理化指标和主要无机元素监测与评价

[目的]了解海南省农产品基地理化指标和主要无机元素含量特点,评估农产品基地土壤主要无机元素污染风险,支撑农产品基地土壤污染防治。[方法]以8个农产品基地为研究对象,分析3项理化指标(pH、有机质、阳离子交换量)和8种土壤无机元素(镉、汞、砷、铅、铬、铜、镍、锌)含量、分布特点和污染风险。[结果]土壤pH呈强酸性和酸性,阳离子交换量为1.28~10.80 cmol/kg,有机质含量为2.95~24.80 g/kg。土壤镉、汞、砷、铅、铬、铜、镍、锌含量分别为0.02~0.37、0.012~0.126、0.26~6.75、14.7~50.1、10.1~118.0、4.2~23.1、3.7~44.8、14.3~105.0 mg/kg。果园型农产品基地镉含量最高,旱地型农产品基地铬、铜、镍、汞含量最高,水田型农产品基地砷、铅、锌含量最高。各主要无机元素含量平均值均未超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值。除砷、铜、镍外,其他5个元素含量超过海南省土壤环境背景值,尤以镉最显著。[结论]该研究为农产品基地土壤污染防治和农业生产可持续发展提供技术支撑。

海南省农产品基地土壤重金属污染现状及潜在生态风险评价

为评估海南省农产品基地土壤重金属污染现状及潜在生态风险,监测了海南省8个农产品基地表层土壤Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn等重金属的含量,并采用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数评价法和潜在生态风险指数法对其重金属污染情况进行评价。结果表明:从单因子污染指数来看,8个农产品基地97.5%的点位重金属含量低于风险筛选值,2.5%的点位重金属含量高于风险筛选值,高于风险筛选值的点位位于A8基地,高于风险筛选值的重金属为Cd;从内梅罗综合污染指数来看,97.5%的点位评价结果为清洁,2.5%的点位评价结果为预警;从潜在生态风险指数来看,海南省8个农产品基地的土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险等级以轻微和中度风险等级为主,点位比例分别为50%、45%,强度风险等级的点位比例为5%,无很强和极强生态风险等级点位;其中,潜在生态风险等级为强度的点位位于A1基地和A8基地,主要污染物为Cd。总体来看,海南省这8个农产品基地土壤环境质量总体优良,个别基地局部土壤Cd存在一定生态风险。

基地直供生鲜农产品供应链遇到的问题与对策

随着人民生活水平的提高,消费者对生鲜农产品的安全意识也在不断增强。基地作为订单农业生产主体,从生产源头保证生鲜农产品的质量安全有义不容辞的责任。文章从农产品供应链生产端角度出发,通过研究基地在实现直供生鲜农产品过程中所遇到的问题,总结其特点,结合生鲜农产品供应链模式进行探讨,提出基地直供生鲜农产品供应链稳定性对策,以供参考。

创新绿色基地推进农产品质量综述

绿色基地是现代农业生产的重要组成部分,通过整合可持续农业和现代技术,可以为农产品质量与食品安全提供关键支持。本文对绿色基地的定义和重要性进行概述,讨论了其在农产品质量推进中的作用,探讨了不同国家和地区在绿色基地实施方面的经验,介绍了绿色基地与新兴技术(如物联网、大数据和智能农业)融合的体现,以提高农产品质量并减少风险。通过深入综述绿色基地的现状和前景,以期为相关人员提供参考。

淮北抗日根据地农业生产的实践路径与历史启示

淮北抗日根据地的农业生产运动是依托有序组织体系展开的。此类组织体系可细化为两类:一方面是中共党组织,另一方面是为完成农业生产既定的目标而新设立的机构组织。中共党组织居于领导地位,其他组织则是政策的执行机构。淮北抗日根据地以此为依托,先后开展“两减一增”、垦荒、兴修水利、纺织等运动,取得丰硕成果,积累了丰富的历史经验。

辽宁绿色农业发展策略

辽宁省坚持质量兴农、绿色兴农和品牌兴农,统筹推进绿色农业发展,不断延伸农业产业链条。通过采取建设优质农产品标准化生产基地、提升农产品粗深加工能力、创新绿色农业新业态、践行辽宁绿色农业发展理念等措施,为辽宁农业高质量绿色可持续发展提供了新路径。