Expert Experience and Data-Driven Based Hybrid Fault Diagnosis for High-SpeedWire Rod Finishing Mills

The reliable operation of high-speed wire rod finishing mills is crucial in the steel production enterprise.As complex system-level equipment,it is difficult for high-speed wire rod finishing mills to realize fault location and real-time monitoring.To solve the above problems,an expert experience and data-driven-based hybrid fault diagnosis method for high-speed wire rod finishing mills is proposed in this paper.First,based on its mechanical structure,time and frequency domain analysis are improved in fault feature extraction.The approach of combining virtual value,peak value with kurtosis value index,is adopted in time domain analysis.Speed adjustment and side frequency analysis are proposed in frequency domain analysis to obtain accurate component characteristic frequency and its corresponding sideband.Then,according to time and frequency domain characteristics,fault location based on expert experience is proposed to get an accurate fault result.Finally,the proposed method is implemented in the equipment intelligent diagnosis system.By taking an equipment fault on site,for example,the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated in the system.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nonionic Waterborne Polyurethane and Application to Wool Fabric Finishing

A nonionic waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was synthesized by the self-emulsification method using polyether diol(N220),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),trimethylolpropane poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)(N120),1,4-butanediol(BDO) and trimethylolpropane(TMP) as the main materials.The effects of the NCO/OH ratio on the emulsion and film properties of NWPU were explored.The experimental results show that the NWPU prepared at an NCO/OH ratio of 1.1 has good emulsion stability and easy film formation,and the resultant film was elastic,soft,and transparent.The sample was used for wool finishing and the application performance was evaluated.When the NWPU dosage reached 40 g·L^(-1),the fabric area felt shrinkage rate reduced from 8.97% to 4.75%,the pilling rating raised from grade 2-3 to grade 4,and the whiteness value only decreased by 3.87%.

Epiphanic Revival: Exploring Metallic Finishes on Batik Fabrics in Ghana

Batik fabric is an integral part of the traditional cloth culture of the Ghanaian traditional setting. However, the batik fabric has marginal usage due to its casual visual appearance. This studio practice seeks to explore the epiphanic revival in the use of metallic finishes on batik substrate to create an enhanced visual appearance with embellished aesthetic sensibilities and diversified use. The researchers adopted the studio-based approach of the qualitative design to manipulate handmade tools, techniques (collagraph) and the batik fabrics through experimentation to produce a glittering mercurial batik fabric which is typically an industrial practice. The studio practice took place at the Textile Design and Technology studio, Takoradi Technical University, Ghana. The traditional batik fabric was manipulated through fabric decoration techniques in accordance with studio-based practices. The Addie model was adopted as a methodological approach in the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation processes of the experimentation processes of the study. Findings revealed that the hand techniques used in the production process for the metallic prints produced interesting accidentals finishes and effects that machine work cannot achieve, producing new discoveries of visual enhancements of traditional batik fabric. Traditional batiks became mercurial with glittery effects. The metallic prints on the fabric also changed its consumption pattern from mere casual fabric to classic and cosmopolitan fabric for varied uses suitable for wearable to non-wearable.

Finishing first with Monforts at Techtextil 2024

Monforts–which celebrates its 140th anniversary this year–continues to lead the field in finishing and coating technologies for technical textiles.The company is looking forward to many fruitful discussions on the scope of existing and new processes and applications at the forthcoming Techtextil show in Frankfurt from April 23-26.

Optimization of Finishing Process and Energy Savings in Denim Textile Facility

Denim is widely accepted among exported textile products due to its aesthetics, appearance, and fashion. Practitioners employed several physical or chemical treatments to improve denim qualities in denim finishing operations. So, several treatment processes, including enzymatic, bleaching, singeing, heat set, and ozone finish, are used, which made this processing more energy consumption and time-consuming. Therefore, it is significant to investigate how changing the chemicals and raw ingredients could improve the finishing process, which is environmentally and economically beneficial for sustainable production practices in the denim finishing process. This study’s research design comprises an experimental investigation in a denim plant in Bangladesh. Two different fabrics were chosen to analyze, determining the potential savings of finishing on the denim fabrics’ performance characteristics. By deducting singeing and heat-set processes, the researchers ran an experimental process by maintaining the same length of fabric. Then, the impacts of finishing process optimization on the mechanical, thermal, and comfort parameters of drape, stiffness, and tear strength were examined. The study’s findings demonstrated that this experiment increased productivity and reduced the finishing unit’s energy consumption without compromising the denim fabrics’ quality. This study significantly impacts environmental sustainability by preserving limited energy resources and manufacturing denim finishing processes.

大蒜素对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

试验探讨了不同水平的大蒜素对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,确定大蒜素在育肥猪生产中的最适添加水平。试验选择体重相近的健康的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪250头,随机分成5组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组育肥猪饲喂基础饲粮,大蒜素组育肥猪分别饲喂含有50(试验组1)、100(试验组2)、200(试验组3)、400 mg/kg(试验组4)大蒜素的试验饲粮。预试验1周,正式试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组比较,试验组3和试验组4育肥猪末重显著提高(P<0.05),试验组3的平均日增重提高了11.60%(P<0.05),试验组2和试验组3育肥猪的料重比降低了8.64%和11.96%(P<0.05)。试验组3组育肥猪的宰前活重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组2、试验组3和试验组4育肥猪的胴体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),背膘厚度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组3和试验组4育肥猪的背最长肌pH值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),滴水损失显著低于对照组和试验组1(P<0.05),肌苷酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组3背最长肌的红度显著高于对照组和试验组1(P<0.05),试验组2、试验组3和试验组4背最长肌的剪切力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组3和试验组4育肥猪背最长肌中的总氨基酸、总必需氨基酸及鲜味氨基酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在育肥猪饲粮中添加适量的大蒜素可以提高生长性能和屠宰性能,改善肌肉品质,大蒜素的最适添加水平为200 mg/kg。

Jeanologia reduces water consumption from 100 to 1 liter in garment finishing

Since 1994 the mission of Jeanologia has been to create an ethical,sustainable and eco-efficient industry,marking a new era through sustainability,digitalization and automation.The company is leading the transforma­tion of the industry with its disruptive technologies:laser,G2 ozone,e-Flow,SmartBoxes,Colorbox and H2 Zero,ca­pable of increasing productivity,reducing costs,water and energy consumption,and eliminating harmful emissions and discharges,guaranteeing zero pollution.

Knit Excellence from Goller is well-suited to all wet finishing treatments

The Knit Excellence package includes a full range of machinery for the complete treatment of knitted fabrics–Knit Complexa for bleaching,Knit Mercer for mercerisation,Knit Economica for dyeing and the versatile Sintensa washing concepts for washing after dyeing and printing.

苎麻织物退浆与整理一浴法工艺优化

为研究苎麻织物退浆与整理一浴法处理工艺,采用含纤维素酶和淀粉酶的复合酶处理苎麻织物,分别研究了pH值、温度、浴比、整理时间、酶质量分数对苎麻织物刺痒感的影响。结果表明:在pH值5.0,温度50℃,浴比1∶10,整理时间30 min,淀粉酶质量分数1.25%,纤维素酶质量分数1.00%条件下,苎麻织物刺痒感降低41.6%,退浆率达到92.8%,失重率为11.8%,经向纬向断裂强力损失率分别为11.2%和13.5%。该复合酶一浴法技术缩短了苎麻织物退浆与整理的工艺流程,降低了苎麻织物的刺痒感,并能保持较好的织物强力。

低蛋白质饲粮中添加益生菌对育肥猪生长性能、粪便菌群组成和代谢组特征的影响

本试验旨在探讨低蛋白质饲粮中添加益生菌对育肥猪生长性能、粪便菌群组成和代谢组特征的影响。选取平均体重为(80.56±0.45)kg的长×大育肥猪90头,随机分为3组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组,每组3圈(重复),每圈10头(阉公猪与母猪各占1/2)。对照组饲喂含14%蛋白质的常规蛋白质饲粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂含12%蛋白质的低蛋白质饲粮,试验Ⅱ组饲喂添加益生菌的低蛋白质饲粮(每千克低蛋白质饲粮中含2.0×10^(9)CFU乳酸菌和2.0×108CFU酿酒酵母)。预试期5 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:1)与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组和试验Ⅱ组相比,试验Ⅰ组粪便中颤螺菌目、毛螺菌目、毛螺菌科、瘤胃球菌科、UCG-005、粪杆菌属、小杆菌属和福涅氏菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),解纤维素菌属的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组粪便中毛螺菌目、乳杆菌目和毛螺菌科的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组与对照组、试验Ⅱ组与对照组以及试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组粪便样品间分别发现9、37和41种差异代谢物;不同组间差异代谢物的KEGG通路富集分析显示共有27条富集通路;与对照组和试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组粪便中5-羟基吲哚乙酸的表达量显著升高(P<0.05),肾上腺素的表达量显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组粪便中N-乙酰-L-苯丙氨酸的表达量显著低于对照组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组粪便中L-谷氨酰胺、D-葡萄糖醛酸的表达量显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组粪便中总支链脂肪酸、总短链脂肪酸、氨氮和粪臭素含量显著减少(P<0.05);与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组粪便中乙酸含量显著减少(P<0.05),丁酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)。综上所述,在低蛋白质饲粮中添加益生菌(乳酸菌和酿酒酵母)可改善育肥猪的肠道菌群结构及其代谢物表达,减少粪便中总短链脂肪酸、氨氮和粪臭素含量,提高育肥猪的平均日增重和饲料转化效率。

云南成品茶产业发展现状、问题和对策

目的:通过梳理和分析云南成品茶发展现状及存在的问题,促进产业提质增效。方法:基于对行业主管部门、茶叶产业专家、新型经营主体进行实地调研、部门座谈和数据整理。结果:云南成品茶产业综合实力不断增强的同时,生产规范标准化、经济效益、市场供需、品牌规模效应方面存在的问题制约了其高质量发展。结论:从强化标准化生产、推动经济高效化、高质量做大做优市场、统筹提升品牌效应方面提出对策建议。

银纳米线导电纺织品制备及应用研究进展

银纳米线具有优异的长径比、导电、透光、柔性、抗菌等特性,是制备导电纺织品最有前途的纳米材料之一。介绍银纳米线导电纺织品的常用制备方法,即共混纺丝法、后整理法,综述银纳米线导电纺织品在空气过滤、饮用水过滤、电磁屏蔽、个人热管理、柔性压力传感器等领域的应用进展。最后对银纳米线导电纺织品的未来发展趋势进行展望,为下一代智能纺织品的研发提供思路。

包覆交联法提升玫瑰茄红上染真丝织物色牢度的应用

文章以甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、2-羟基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三(三甲基硅氧烷基)硅烷为原料,合成了聚丙烯酸酯类高分子,再将整理后的织物浸于戊二醛溶液中,以达到化学接枝交联的目的,并将其作为纤维包覆材料应用于天然玫瑰茄红色素染色的真丝织物。实验结果表明:整理后真丝织物的色牢度明显提升,湿摩色牢度从2~3级提升到4级,皂洗色牢度从1~2级提到3~4级,并且整理后织物表现出较好的防水效果,水接触角从接近0°提到125°;机械性能显著改善,断裂强度从8.73 MPa提高到26.37 MPa。

低蛋白饲粮补充不同氨基酸对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、养分表观消化率及氮排放的影响

试验旨在研究低蛋白饲粮补充不同氨基酸对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、养分表观消化率及氮排放的影响。选取体重约75 kg“杜×长×大”育肥猪120头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理设4个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂粗蛋白(CP)水平为13.45%的饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组饲粮CP水平为10.41%,试验Ⅰ组补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸4种氨基酸,试验Ⅱ组补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸6种氨基酸。试验期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组平均日采食量和平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组平均日采食量和平均日增重低于对照组(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05);各组养分表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组食入氮、尿氮排放、总氮排放显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组粪氮排放降低,氮沉积率和氮表观生物学价值升高(P>0.05)。研究表明,低蛋白饲粮(CP=10.41%)补充6种氨基酸对育肥猪生长性能无负面影响,且可以有效降低氮排放。

核桃青皮粉及其提取物对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响

【目的】研究核桃青皮粉及其提取物对育肥猪生长性能、胴体和肉质性状的影响。【方法】选取90头健康、体重约80 kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥阉公猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组育肥猪饲喂基础饲粮,核桃青皮粉试验组及其提取物试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%核桃青皮粉和0.1%核桃青皮粉提取物。预试期10 d,正试期40 d。试验第41天,测定每头猪初始体重、终末体重及各组采食量。试验结束后,每个重复中选取2头体重接近平均体重的试验猪进行屠宰,测定胴体性状、肉质性状,以及背最长肌的氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。【结果】与对照组相比,饲粮中添加核桃青皮粉或其提取物对育肥猪末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、胴体直长、胴体斜长、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积、板油重以及背最长肌pH_(45 min)、滴水损失、加压损失、大理石纹评分、红度均无显著影响(P>0.05),但可显著提高育肥猪背膘厚、背最长肌黄度和肌内脂肪含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,除了组氨酸,核桃青皮粉组育肥猪背最长肌中其他氨基酸含量均有一定提高,而核桃青皮提取物组的氨基酸含量与对照组的差异不大,核桃青皮粉组和提取物组多不饱和脂肪酸总含量均比对照组含量有一定提高。【结论】饲粮添加0.1%核桃青皮粉及其提取物对生长性能和胴体性状无负面影响,二者均可改善育肥猪肉质性状,核桃青皮粉效果更佳。

涤纶织物分散荧光黄染色及易去污整理

为了改善荧光黄染色涤纶织物的易去污性,以色度坐标和亮度因子β为指标,优化染色工艺和易去污整理工艺。结果表明,荧光黄10G对涤纶织物最佳染色工艺条件为:染料质量分数1.0%(omf),染浴pH为5,染色温度130℃,染色时间40 min;最佳易去污整理工艺为:整理剂质量浓度40 g/L,焙烘温度150℃,焙烘时间60 s。整理后的涤纶织物经10次洗涤后易去污性仍达4级,经30次洗涤后其荧光性能仍可满足相关标准要求,且耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均达到4级以上。

不同阻燃剂对尼龙材料加工改性的研究进展

尼龙具有优异的力学性能以及耐腐蚀、耐油性、耐热性等优点,可广泛应用于军工、深海等高端领域。但尼龙材料具有可燃性,在燃烧过程中会产生大量的烟雾、有毒气体和熔体滴落,对人类的生命和财产造成损害。总结了阻燃尼龙基体的加工方式和卤系阻燃剂、磷系阻燃剂、氮系阻燃剂等常用传统阻燃剂改性尼龙材料的技术发展、应用和困境,分析不同种类阻燃剂对尼龙性能的影响机制,并重点论述了生物基阻燃剂及碳基阻燃剂2种先进尼龙阻燃改性方法的优势、发展及潜在应用。

微胶囊技术在功能纺织品领域的应用研究进展

利用微胶囊技术可以获得具有较好舒适性和耐久性,同时具有多种功能的功能纺织品,是提升纺织品科技含量、提高纺织品附加价值的有效手段。文章主要从功能微胶囊制备和微胶囊强化功能织物的开发两个方面,总结了近年来微胶囊技术在功能织物领域的应用成果,介绍了蓄热调温、芳香保健、变色指示3种常见的功能微胶囊以及微胶囊强化功能织物的研究成果。并根据其未来发展趋势,提出研究重点应放在集成型、复合型微胶囊功能纺织品开发方面的建议。

“新工科”背景下深入融合数字化的染整专业实践模块改革与创新

实践教学在高校的人才培养过程中占有十分重要的地位。根据目前盐城工学院纺织服装学院染整专业实践模块存在的课程体系单一,教学模式陈旧和学生素质能力有待提高问题,结合信息时代教育数字化转型,构建“3新”即“课程新结构、教学数字化新模式、实践新平台”的实践创新能力培养路径,满足学生多样化成才需求,实现学生科学素养、创新、实践能力的提高。通过不断的实践锻炼,提高工程实践能力,增强创新意识,解决染整工程领域复杂问题,达到“新工科”背景下的人才培养目标,成为新时代具有中国特色社会主义的合格建设者和接班人。

融合可解释机器学习的成品汽油调和配方质量预测评价与致因分析

受成品汽油调和配方需“先验”评价与修正的驱动,本研究将轻量级梯度提升树(LightGBM)与可解释机器学习(SHAP)方法相结合,兼顾复杂模型精度高与后验SHAP可解释性强的各自优势,提出了一种调和配方质量预测评价及致因分析方法。该方法先引用改进遗传算法(IGA)优化LightGBM的超参数,建立了可同时预测成品汽油性能和环保指标的模型,并结合汽油国ⅥA标准与企业生产实际制定了配方质量评价标准,实现配方“先验”评价;再基于SHAP的全局和局部致因分析,对缺陷配方给出了易于操作的单变量定性修正建议。实验结果表明:相比于传统BP网络和随机森林(RF)、以及采用随机搜索和GA优化参数的LightGBM等模型,IGA_LightGBM模型可得到更全面和精准的预测指标,SHAP致因分析可给出契合实际的修正建议。该方法是智能算法代替人工的有益探索。