Choosing Mandarin Senegal’s public and private schools keep up with demand for study of the Chinese language

In Dakar, Happy Kids Kindergarten has set itself an ambitious challenge： to teach Senegalese toddlers to speak Chinese. This kindergarten, located in Ngor District, boasts of being the first trilingual school in Senegal. In addition to French （the country＇s official language） and English, the school also teaches Mandarin. With China being the world＇s most popu lous country and second largest economy, there is much to benefit from it this decision.

The Application of TBL Using Role Play to Introduce Vocabulary in China's Private Language School

A specific application of task-based learning in teaching vocabulary to young learners and a complete task cycle using role play to present vocabulary in China's private language school would be described in the study. The participants aged between 7 and 9 are thought to be starters according to their language competence in Common European Framework of Reference for language. The rationale for stages in the task cycle will be fully explored with reference to Piaget and Vygotsky's theory in teaching young learners. The advantages of the adoption of TBL with young learners will be illustrated and some possible problems in implementing TBL in China, a representative country of Confucian-heritage culture would also be discussed in the paper. The study indicates that young learners in China are quite welcome this new approach in their English classes, but the targeted learners' age and background information need to be taken into consideration when actually implement this approach.

Improving the Organizational Forms of Private Colleges from the Perspective of the Common Benefit Company System

The“profit-making”attribute of commercial subjects shapes the classification system of legal representatives and the contents of corresponding norms in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China.The division of non-profit and non-commercial in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Promotion of Privately-Run Schools not only conforms to the provisions of General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China,but also lays an institutional foundation for the classified management of private colleges.However,it cannot solve the problem of substantial profit-making behaviors of non-profit private colleges.As an important organizational form of enterprise organizations,the“Common Benefit Company”has changed the rule-making for traditional for-profit companies,so that the organizational form can be applied to both profit and public welfare enterprises.The functional design of the common benefit company system can now be applied to standardize the organizational structures of private colleges in China.Drawing lessons from the legislative experience regarding the common benefit company,we can enhance the organizational structures of our private colleges by implementing the common benefit company.

Education Voucher Scheme in India: Would Lead to School Choice and Universal Education?

To remove obstacles in the path of‘Education for All’,the government of India launched several programs,Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan(SSA)being one of them.Despite several attempts,the government has failed to be successful in providing education to all students and the impact of such schemes has not been very good at the ground level.In India,children are not absent from school owing to a lack of demand;rather,low quality of government education delivery is a major cause for their absence.There is a need to redefine the Indian education system or policy to a new level as government schools are unable to fulfil the growing demand for high-quality education.Direct government funding to children or parents rather than schools can provide parents or children with the ability to select the school of their choice,whether it is a government or private school.This may be accomplished through the education voucher scheme.Governments do not need to spend any additional public funds on vouchers to implement this approach.The education voucher scheme deserves an effort among the several approaches that are being pursued to improve school education.

Women on Boards of Directors

This research aims to measure the current gender representation in membership of boards of directors,and to study the factors affecting the presence of women on boards.The results of the study will support the decision makers and policy makers at all levels by providing knowledge that contributes to bridging the current gap in participation of women boards.The methodology used in this research is the descriptive analytical approach,which relies on quantitative methods in the process of collecting and analyzing data.This study represents the boards of directors in the three sectors(public,private,and non-profit)in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,The study sample contained 350 targets,where a random sample of 150 people in the public sector,100 people in the private sector,and 100 people in the non-profit sector were selected.The research result found that the majority of the responses believe that the lack of experience and training,and social factors,are the most impact areas of explaining the reasons for the existence of a gap in women’s membership in boards of directors in the three sectors.And the most important reasons for the existence of a gender gap in board membership are:there is no statutory minimum percentage for women’s representation on boards of directors,and scarcity of female competencies in general,and the lack of women occupying leadership positions.

传统家训中的师道观探析

传统家训作为中华民族特有的一种文化资源和教育资源,蕴含丰富的师道观,包括得师之重、择师之要和待师之道。首先,得师之重,可以从主客观两个方面分析古人重视塾师的原因;其次,择师之要,要求塾师在师德方面品德高尚,在师才方面学识渊博,在师术方面教学有方;最后,待师之道,包括精神上的尊师重教和物质上的待遇优厚。挖掘传统优秀家训中蕴含的师道观,对新时代我国师德的建设、为师者使命意识的激活以及和谐家师关系的构建具有重要的借鉴启示作用。

营利性民办学校享受税收优惠的体系化进路

营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇的廓清不仅关乎差异化财税扶持政策的落实,还攸关民办学校分类管理的实效。然而,充满歧义的民办教育立法、杂乱无章的税法以及它们在分类优惠上的理念分歧使得营利性民办学校的税收优惠待遇处于悬而未决的状态。衡诸受教育权保障关联性、税种属性以及教育公共服务供需状况等因素对营利性民办学校享受税收优惠待遇的影响,营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇的边界有望廓清。为此,须秉持法际整合的立场,在综合权衡教育公益性与资本逐利性的关系以及融贯税法与教育法的价值理念的基础上,从增强民办教育立法税收优惠条款的指向性、完善税法中涉及学校的优惠条款表达以及部门联合出台营利性民办学校专项税收优惠政策等不同层面破解营利性民办学校税收优惠待遇难题。

传统识字教材的继承和发展

中国自西周时期便出现了专门用于识字教学的字书,在几千年的历史流变中,识字教材在延续传统的同时,不断融入新的元素,形成了独特的发展脉络。传统识字教材契合了集中识字的教学模式,大多采用韵语形式,识字教育关联知识教育和思想教育,推动了汉字在不同社会领域的传播和普及。其中,作为主流教材的“三百千”与杂字类教材相互补充,共同满足了精英阶层与大众阶层的识字需求。晚清时期,中西方文化发生了激烈的碰撞与交融,识字教材的编写顺应历史发展潮流,着力创新编写理念、更新知识结构、建构学科逻辑,切实提升了识字教材的知识性、科学性、人文性、趣味性,推动了识字教材从传统到现代的转型。

校企合作模式下民办高校应用型人才培养长效机制研究

应用型人才是一国生产力和社会可持续发展的主要力量,承载着兴国安邦的重要使命,应重视其培养的长效机制。民办高校及校企合作就是应用型人才培养的一种有效方式。阻碍校企合作联合培养人才的瓶颈是什么?如何构建校企合作培养应用型人才的长效机制?该文发现,应从政府、民办高校、企业和学生四主体出发,持续完善四者的耦合机制、提升四者的协同力。

营利性民办学校税收优惠制度的反思与完善

营利性民办学校因其运营模式和目标以提高教育质量、增加教育机会和解决社会问题为导向而具备公益属性,应当在一定程度上享受公益性税收优惠,但实践中其税收优惠制度存在一定程度的缺憾。具体而言,在立法层面,缺少明确与可操作性的法律规定,税收优惠制度依据效力位阶低下,税收法律体系内部协调性不够完善。在实践层面,存在税务机关执法时忽视营利性民办学校公益属性的现象;相关税收优惠规定笼统,且缺乏全方位的税收监管机制。为此,应制定有差别的税收优惠政策和有针对性的扶持措施,健全和规范民办教育税收体系,构建起全方位的税收监管机制,以促进营利性民办学校的健康发展。

新时代民办学校教育教学质量提升途径研究

教育教学质量是民办学校发展的生命线。在信息化和数字化的当今社会,提高民办学校的教育教学质量是很多学者和民办学校一直关注的热点问题。为适应新时代需求,提高教育教学质量,学校教育信息化发展规划成为必不可少的一部分。从生源质量、师资状况、经费投入、信息技术与教学融合水平等方面进行分析发现相应问题,得到提高民办学校教育教学质量的途径,为民办学校的发展提供支持与建议。

政府对非营利性民办学校收费限价的理论依据与政策效应

当前,我国民办中小学高收费、乱收费问题日益严重,一些地区颁布了对非营利性民办学校收费进行限价的政策。一方面,基于公共利益规制理论,对高收费类型的非营利性民办学校收费进行限价具有积极影响:有利于减轻家长教育负担,缓解家长教育焦虑;促进民办教育回归“公益属性”,避免民办学校成为资本牟利的工具;促进优质教育机会公平。另一方面,对非营利性民办学校收费限价过低将挫伤社会力量办学积极性,可能会减少民办教育供给,降低民办教育质量,削弱民办学校办学特色。因此,对于非营利性民办学校的限价须谨慎决策,跟踪管理;尊重民办学校的合理利益,适度限价;落实《民办教育促进法实施条例》;增加教育投资,推进教育均衡发展,促进教育公平。

Public School:公立学校还是私立学校?--对英美Public School差异的历史考察

英国的Public Shool名为公学实为私立学校,美国的Public School是公立学校,这种同词异义现象是由英美两国教育发展的历史差异造成的。英国的Public School最初为免费的、具有慈善性质的学校,于17世纪随着工商业的发展和中产阶级的兴起,转变为具有中等教育性质的高收费私立学校,初步具备了今天公学的特征;美国的Public School在殖民地早期传袭了英国公学的特征,在殖民地晚期转变为面向人人开放的收费学校,到公共学校运动之后变成面向所有公众、税收维持而免费、非教派性、州监管的公立学校。Public School在英美两国的差异及其发展历程提醒我们,公立学校与私立学校都是一个国家教育体系的重要组成部分,必须适应时代的发展并科学定位,才能为本国的教育作出应有的贡献。

Peer Pressure and Family Smoking Habits Influence Smoking Uptake in Teenage Boys Attending School: Multilevel Modeling of Survey Data

Introduction: Among young teens, about one in five smokes worldwide. Adolescents spend a considerable amount of their time in school, and the school environment is therefore important for child health practices and outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact on smoking behavior of the school environment and the personal characteristics of male teenage students attending schools in Pakistan, taking into account the survey sampling structure. Methods: A two-stage cluster sampling with stratification was employed, and we interviewed 772 male secondary school students. We adopted random effect and generalizing estimating equation models. Results: Peer pressure in particular had a strong influence on adolescents smoking;those whose friends smoked were up to 6 times more likely to smoke. Family smoking was also significantly associated with adolescents smoking, but those students whose mother was educated were 50% less likely to smoke. The fitted random effect model indicated that the between school variability was significant (p-value < 0.01), indicating differences in smoking habits between schools. A random coefficient model showed that variability among schools was not significantly different for public and private schools. Conclusion: Public health campaigns for smoking cessation should target not only the individual but also the families of adolescents attending schools.

Shanghai’s administrative model for private schools during the Republican period

民国时期上海私立学校特别繁盛。上海市教育局对私立学校采取间接管理的模式,尤其注重借助立案管理的基本手段,规范和引导其办学行为,同时给予适当的经费扶持、公平待遇和充分信任,在经济和办学等环节进行必要的干预。这一管理模式大大减轻了上海城市公共教育财政负担,也为城市教育行政集中精力办理宏观教育管理创造了重要的前提。

教师流动视域下西部脱贫地区基础教育高质量发展的进阶模式——基于黔西南个案研究

黔西南州兴义市民办学校高薪吸引教师,县市教师待遇存在差异,以及教师对优势学校平台的职业追求,造成全州优质教育资源聚集兴义,区域教师流动失衡。为解决教师流动失衡问题,过去教育精准扶贫采取补缺补短措施满足了教育硬软件底线要求,完成了区域教育整体脱贫,但仅实现教育“外显”一体化发展,教师流动失衡问题被遮蔽。当下巩固教育脱贫成果,延续对弱势学校帮扶,落实国家“双减”政策,对民办优势学校规模采取“压减分流”政策,向弱势学校转嫁师生资源,突出资源嫁接结构调整思维,一定程度上缓解了教师流动失衡。迈向区域教育高质量发展阶段,学校组织间应是“协同共生”,公立与民办学校要形成教学内容、方法、目的等的协同机制,以及自律遵从的利益分配、职能分工、资源互补共生机制,服务于区域不同层级的教育共生界面。对此,建议当下要在市州层面通盘考虑布局基础学校,激励性地提高艰苦边远地区教师补贴,提升基础学校教师职业生命价值,促进不同性质学校协同发展。

以《三字经》为映射的中国传统家庭教育体系解析

《三字经》是宋元明清时期广泛流传的蒙学教材。其成文方式独特,优势明显:“叶韵”成文,便于儿童记诵;体系编排合理,便于儿童掌握;符合儿童认知特点,便于儿童理解。同时,《三字经》映射出相对完整的中国传统家庭教育体系,包括家庭教育的重要价值、内容序列、方法指导和劝学激励措施等。当前,在家庭教育由传统的“家事”上升为“国事”的背景下,建设高质量的家庭教育,需要注重弘扬我国古代家庭教育优秀传统,并探寻将之融入现代家庭日常生活的普及化与常态化路径。

校友关系对分析师同行共享私有信息的影响研究

以证券分析师实地调研为情境,采用实证方法研究分析师如何借助校友关系向同行获取上市公司信息。研究发现:相较于非调研的其他分析师,与调研分析师毕业院校相同的关联分析师,在调研事件后预测准确性的提升更明显;这种效应在实地调研成本更高、上市公司信息环境更差的分组中更显著;非调研的关联分析师在调研后发布的盈余预测调整获得显著正向的市场反应,这表明资本市场认可他们所发布的信息;当校友之间联系更紧密、校友分析师之间关注股票重合度更高时,这种基于校友关系传递私有信息的现象更突出。